CIVIL ENGINEERING

SURVEYING YEAR OF
CATEGORY L T P CREDIT
CET205 & INTRODUCTION
GEOMATICS PCC 4 0 0 4 2019

Preamble:
Objective of the course is to impart an awareness on the principles of surveying, various methods
and instruments of surveying, errors associated with field measurements and advanced surveying
techniques.

Prerequisite: Nil

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:
CO 1 Apply surveying techniques and principles of leveling for the preparation of contour
maps, computation of area-volume and sketching mass diagram
CO 2 Apply the principles of surveying for triangulation
CO 3 Apply different methods of traverse surveying and traverse balancing
CO 4 Identify the possible errors in surveying and apply the corrections in field
measurements
CO 5 Apply the basic knowledge of setting out of different types of curves
CO 6 Employ surveying techniques using advanced surveying equipments

Mapping of course outcomes with program outcomes

PO 1 PO 2 PO 3 PO 4 PO 5 PO 6 PO 7 PO 8 PO 9 PO PO PO
10 11 12
CO 1 3 3 2 2
CO 2 3 3 2
CO 3 3 3 1 2
CO 4 3 2
CO 5 3 2 1 1 1 2
CO 6 3 2 2 1 2

Assessment Pattern
Bloom’s Category Continuous Assessment End Semester
Test 1 Marks Test 2 Marks Examination (marks)
Remember 7.5 7.5 30
Understand 7.5 7.5 30
Apply 10 10 40
Analyse
Evaluate
Create

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Mark Distribution
Total Marks CIE (Marks) ESE (Marks) ESE Duration
150 50 100 3 hours

Continuous Internal Evaluation Pattern:

Attendance : 10 marks
Continuous Assessment Test (2 numbers) : 25 marks
Assignment/Quiz/Course Project : 15 marks

End Semester Examination Pattern:

The question consists of two parts- Part A and Part B. Part A consists of 10 questions with 3
marks for each (two questions from each module). Part B consists of two questions from each
module, out of which one has to be answered. Each question carries 14 marks and can have
maximum 2 subdivisions.

Sample Course Level Assessment Questions:

Course Outcome 1 (CO1): The following perpendicular offsets were taken at 10m intervals
from a survey line AB to an irregular boundary line: 2.50, 3.80, 4.33, 6.76, 5.30, 7.25, 8.95, 8.25
and 5.50.Calculate the area in sqm, enclosed between the survey line, the irregular boundary ,the
first and the last offsets by i) Simpsons rule ii) Trapezoidal rule.

Course Outcome 2 (CO2): What is meant by satellite station and reduction to centre. From an
eccentric station S, 13 metres to the west of the main station B, the following angles were
measured. Angle BSC= 75°25’32”, Angle CSA = 55°32’20’’. The stations S and C are to the
opposite sides of the line AB. Calculate the correct angle ABC if the lengths AB and BC are
5288m and 4940m respectively

Course Outcome 3 (CO3): How do you balance a closed traverse with closing error using the
graphical method of Bowdich’s rule?

Course Outcome 4 (CO4): How is the most probable value in direct observations of equal
weights determined?

Course Outcome 5 (CO5): How do you set out a simple curve by Rankine’s method of
tangential angles. Calculate the necessary data for setting out a curve of 300 m radius. Assume
any other data, if required.

Course Outcome 6 (CO6): What are spectral signature curves? Discuss the spectral reflectance
of soil, water and vegetation.

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Syllabus

Module 1

Introduction to Surveying- Principles, Linear, angular and graphical methods, Survey stations,
Survey lines- ranging, Bearing of survey lines,Local attraction, Declination, Methods of
orientation ( by compass and by backsighting)

Levelling: Principles of levelling- Dumpy level, booking and reducing levels, Methods- simple,
differential, reciprocal leveling, profile levelling and cross sectioning. Digital and Auto Level,
Errors in leveling

Contouring: Characteristics, methods, uses.

Module 2

Area and Volume: computation of area by offsets to base line, by dividing area into number of
triangles; volume of level section by prismoidal and trapezoidal formulae.

Mass diagram: Construction, Characteristics and uses

Theodolite survey: Instruments, Measurement of horizontal and vertical angle, principles of

stadia and tangential tacheometry (introduction only)

Triangulation: Triangulation figures, Triangulation stations, Inter visibility of stations, Satellite

Stations and reduction to centre.

Module 3

Traverse Surveying - Methods of traversing, Checks in closed traverse, Traverse computations,

Balancing the traverse- Bowditch’s rule, Transit rule, graphical method based on Bowditch’s
rule, omitted measurements (a line and an angle only)

Theory of Errors – Types, theory of least squares, Weighting of observations, Most probable
value, Computation of indirectly observed quantities - method of normal equations.

Module 4

Curve Surveying – Elements of simple and compound curves – Methods of setting out (Angular
methods only)– Elements of Reverse curve (Introduction only)– Transition curve – length of
curve – Elements of transition curve - Vertical curve (Introduction only)

Total Station – concept of EDM, principles and working, advantages and applications

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Module 5

Global Positioning Systems-Components and principles, satellite ranging-calculating position,

signal structure, application of GPS, GPS Surveying methods-Static, Rapid static, Kinematic
methods – DGPS

Remote Sensing : Definition- Electromagnetic spectrum-Energy interactions with atmosphere

and earth surface features-spectral reflectance of vegetation, soil and water- Classification of
sensors- Active and Passive, Resolution-spatial, spectral radiometric and Temporal resolution,
Multi spectral scanning-Along track and across track scanning

Geographical Information System-components of GIS, GIS operations, Map projections-

methods, Coordinate systems-Geographic and Projected coordinate systems, Data Types- Spatial
and attribute data, Raster and vector data representation

Text Books :

1. Dr. B.C. Punmia , Ashok Kumar Jain &Arun Kumar Jain - Surveying , Laxmi
publications (P) Ltd , 2005
2. Chang,K , “Introduction to Geographic Information Systems”, Tata McGraw-Hill
Publishing Co. Ltd, 2008
3. George Joseph, “Fundamentals of Remote Sensing”, University Press, 2003

References :

1. C. Venkatramaiah, Textbook of Surveying, Universities Press (India) Private Limited 2011

2. James M Andersen, Edward M Mikhail, Surveying Theory and Practice, McGraw Hill
Education
4. Prof. T.P.Kenetkar&Prof.S.V.Kulkarni - Surveying and Levelling , Pune VidyarthiGriha
Prakashan,2004
5. N NBasak, Surveying and Levelling, McGrawHill Education
6. R.Agor - A Text book of Surveying and Levelling, Khanna Publishers, 2005
3. S.K.Duggal - Surveying Vol. I, Tata McGraw Hill Ltd ,Reprint 2015.
7. S.K. Duggal - Surveying Vol. II, Tata McGraw Hill Ltd ,Reprint 2015
4. Burrough P , Principles of Geographical Information systems, Oxford University Press,
1998
5. Iliffe, C.J., Datums and Map Projections for Remote Sensing, GIS and Surveying, Whittles
Publishing, 2006
6. James M Andersen, Edward M Mikhail, Surveying Theory and Practice, McGraw Hill
education, 7e, 1998
7. Kang-tsung Chang, „Introduction to GIS‟ , Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd, 8e,
2016
8. Lillesand M and Kiefer W, “Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation”. John Wiley and
Sons,Inc., 2000

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Course Content and lecture Schedule:

No. Topic Course No. of
Outcome Hrs
1 Module 1 Total: 9
1.1 Introduction to Surveying- Principles, Linear, angular and CO1 4
graphical methods, Survey stations, Survey lines- ranging,
Bearing of survey lines,Local attraction, Declination, Methods
of orientation
1.2 Levelling: Principles of levelling- Dumpy level, booking and CO1 4
reducing levels, Methods- simple, differential, reciprocal
leveling, profile levelling and cross sectioning. Digital and
Auto Level, Errors in leveling
1.3 Contouring: Characteristics, methods, uses. CO1 1
2 Module 2 Total: 9
2.1 Area and Volume: computation of area by offsets to base line, CO1 3
by dividing area into number of triangles; volume of level
section by prismoidal and trapezoidal formulae.
2.2 Mass diagram: Construction, Characteristics and uses CO1 1
2.3 Theodolite survey: Instruments, Measurement of horizontal CO2 2
and vertical angle, principles of stadia and tangential
tacheometry (introduction only)
2.4 Triangulation: Triangulation figures, Triangulation stations, CO2 3
Inter visibility of stations, Satellite Stations and reduction to
centre.
3 Module 3 Total: 9
3.1 Traverse Surveying - Methods of traversing, Checks in closed CO3 5
traverse, Traverse computations, Balancing the traverse-
Bowditch’s rule, Transit rule, graphical method based on
Bowditch’s rule, Gales Traverse table, omitted measurements
(a line and an angle only)
3.2 Theory of Errors – Types, theory of least squares, Weighting CO4 4
of observations, Most probable value, Computation of
indirectly observed quantities - method of normal equations.
4 Module 4 Total: 9
4.1 Curve Surveying – Elements of simple and compound curves CO5 6
– Methods of setting out (Angular methods only)– Elements of
Reverse curve (Introduction only)– Transition curve – length of
curve – Elements of transition curve - Vertical curve
(introduction only)
4.2 Total Station – concept of EDM, principles and working, CO6 3
advantages and applications
5 Module 5 Total: 9
5.1 Global Positioning Systems-Components and Principles, CO6 3
Satellite ranging-calculating position, signal structure,

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application of GPS, GPS Surveying methods-Static, Rapid

static , Kinematic methods – DGPS
5.2 Remote Sensing : Definition- Electromagnetic spectrum- CO6 3
Energy interactions with atmosphere and earth surface features-
spectral reflectance of vegetation, soil and water- Classification
of sensors- Active and Passive, Resolution-spatial, spectral
radiometric and Temporal resolution, Multi spectral scanning-
Along track and across track scanning
5.3 Geographical Information System-components of GIS, GIS CO6 3
operations, Map projections- methods, Coordinate systems-
Geographic and Projected coordinate systems, Data Types-
Spatial and attribute data, Raster and vector data representation

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APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

THIRD SEMESTER B. TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION, MONTH & YEAR

Course Code:CET 205

Course Name: SURVEYING & GEOMATICS

Model Question Paper

Marks:100 Duration: 3 hrs

PART A
(Answer all Questions: Each question carries 3 marks)

1. What are the general principles of surveying?

2. Define back sight, foresight and intermediate sight.
3. How do you determine the intervisibilty of triangulation stations?
4. What is the principle of stadia tacheometry?
5. How will you determine probable error of computed quantities?
6. What are the checks in closed traverse?
7. What are the elements of a compound curve?
8. Explain the two theodolite method of setting out of simple curve.
9. What is multi spectral scanning? Differentiate along track and across track scanning.
10. What is meant by satellite ranging?

PART B
(Answer one full question from each module)

11. a. Define contour. What are the characteristics of contour? (4)

b. The following readings were taken in a running closed compass traverse.

Line FB BB
AB 49 °55’ 230 °00’
BC 177 °45’ 356 °00’
CD 104 °15’ 284 °55’
DE 165 °15’ 345 °15’
EA 259 °30’ 79 °90’
i) State the stations which were affected by local attraction.
ii) Determine the corrected bearings
iii) Calculate the true bearings if the declination was 1° 30’ W. (10)

OR
12. a. What are the different methods of orientation in plane table surveying? (4)

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b. The following readings were taken with a dumpy level and a 4 m levelling staff on a
continuously sloping ground at 30m intervals. 0.685, 1.455, 1.850, 2.330, 2.885
,3.380, 1.055, 1.860, 2.265, 3.540, 0.835, 0.945, 1.530 and 2.250. The reduced level
of the first point is 80.750. Rule out a page of a level book and enter the above
readings. Determine RLs of all points using height of instrument method. Determine
the gradient of the line joining the first and last point. (10)

13. a. The following perpendicular offsets were taken at 10m intervals from a survey line
AB to an irregular boundary line: 2.50, 3.80, 4.33, 6.76, 5.30, 7.25, 8.95, 8.25 and
5.50.Calculate the area in sqm, enclosed between the survey line, the irregular
boundary ,the first and the last offsets by i) Simpsons rule ii) Trapezoidal rule. (10)

b. Explain Mass diagram and its characteristics features. (4)

OR
14. a. Explain the method of observing the horizontal angle by the method of repetition and
reiteration in triangulation survey. (4)

b. What is meant by satellite station and reduction to centre. From an eccentric station
S, 13 metres to the west of the main station B, the following angles were measured.
Angle BSC= 75°25’32”, Angle CSA = 55°32’20’’. The stations S and C are to the
opposite sides of the line AB. Calculate the correct angle ABC if the lengths AB and
BC are 5288m and 4940m respectively. (10)

15. a. The following are the mean values observed in the measurement of three angles
A, B, C at one station
A =86°42’46.2’’ with weight 4
A+B =134°36°33.6’’ with weight 3
A+B+C =262°18’10.4’’ with weight 1
B+C =185°35’24.8’’ with weight 2
Calculate the most probable value of A, B and C. (10)

b. Distinguish between a) closed traverse and open traverse b) loose needle method and
fast needle method of traverse surveying (4)

OR
16. a. State the fundamental principle of method of least squares. How is the most probable
value in direct observations of equal weights determined? (7)

b. Describe the procedures for balancing a closed traverse by graphical method. (7)

17. a. Two tangents intersect at chainage 1000 m, the deflection angle being 60 020’.
Calculate the necessary data for setting out a curve of 200 m radius to connect two
tangents if it is intended to set out the curve by Rankine’s method of tangential angles.
Take peg interval equal to 20 m. (10)

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b. What are the advantages and applications of Total Station survey?(4)

OR
18. a. What is transition curve? What are its functions? What are the methods to find out
the length of transition curve? (10)
19. b. Explain the principle behind electro magnetic distance measurement. (4)

20. a. What are the components of GPS? Illustrate with figure. Explain the functions of
each of them in detail. (10)

b. What are the applications of GIS? (4)

OR
21. a. How does electro magnetic radiation interact with atmosphere? (7)

b. What are the various types of map projections based on the projection surface? (7)

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CIVIL YEAR OF
ENGINEERING CATEGORY L T P CREDIT
CEL INTRODUCTION
PLANNING
201
&DRAFTING PCC 0 0 3 2 2019
LAB

Preamble: The course is designed tointroduce the fundamentals of Civil Engineering

drawingand understand the principles of planning. The students will be able to learn the
drafting of buildings manually and using drafting software such as AutoCAD.
.
Prerequisite:ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

Course Outcomes and their assessment: After the completion of the course, the student
will be able to:

Course
CO assessment
Outcome Course Outcome Description
strategy
(CO)
Assessment of the
Illustrate ability to organise civil engineering drawings overall organisation
CO 1
systematically and professionally of the drawing, labels
and templates used.
Application of
Prepare building drawings as per the specified guidelines for
CO 2
guidelines. functional planning
of building unit.
Level of
incorporation of
Guidelines specified
by NBC, meeting the
Assess a complete building drawing to include all
CO3 requirement of
necessary information
building rules
specified by local
bodies of
administration.
Evaluation of the
Create a digital formof the building plan using any
CO 4 printouts of prepared
drafting software
building plan

Mapping of course outcomes (COs) with program outcomes (POs)

PO PO PO
CO/PO PO 1 PO 2 PO 3 PO 4 PO 5 PO 6 PO 7 PO 8 PO 9
10 11 12
CO 1 3 - - - - - - 2 3 3 - -
CO 2 3 - - - - - - 2 3 3 - -
CO 3 3 - - - - - - 2 3 3 - -
CO 4 3 - - - - - - 2 2 3 - -

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