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Citizenship - Q2 Module 12 (SHS PPG MELC12)
Philippine Politics and Governance (Makiling Integrated School)
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
PHILIPPINE
POLITICS and
GOVERNANCE
Quarter 2 – Module 12:
CITIZENSHIP
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Philippine Politics and Governance – Senior High School
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 12: Citizenship
First Edition, 2020
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
11
PHILIPPINE
POLITICS and
GOVERNANCE
Quarter 2 – Module 12:
CITIZENSHIP
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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Philippine Politics and Governance: Senior High School
Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on ( Citizenship ) !
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators
both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body
of the module:
Notes to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage
and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
Welcome to the Philippine Politics and Governance for Senior High School
Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on ( Citizenship ) !
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used
to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies
in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or
Know competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.
What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways such as
a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener,
an activity or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of
the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.
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Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional In this portion, another activity will be
Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
References This is a list of all sources used in
developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written for the senior high school specifically for
the HUMMS students. It helps you develop a differ understanding and skills to
relate a previous knowledge to a new understanding of citizenship. Understand
rights is accompanied by duties and responsibilities. Moreover, this module
develops you the MELC (Most Essential Learning Competencies) that is for you to
further understand and explain the importance of active citizenship.
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with
the textbook you are now using.
The module contains:
Lesson 15 – Active Citizenship
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. explain citizenship;
2. assess the various avenues for citizen participation;
3. recognize and appreciate the importance of citizenship and actively
participate as responsible citizen in the country.
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What I Know
“FACT or BLUFF”
Write the FACT if you find the statement to be true and BLUFF if the
statement is false.
________________1. A citizen is a member of democratic community who enjoys
full civic and political rights.
________________2. Citizen in the Philippines have narrow or limited opportunities
for participation.
________________3. A citizen has a rights but can neglect some social
responsibilities.
________________4. The principle of citizenship recognizes that people have a
moral responsibility only for others and community.
________________5. Citizenship is democratic.
________________6. Citizens can be apathetic, self-centered or ideological
depending to their self-environment orientation.
________________7. The Philippine government ensure that citizens are active,
critical, tolerant and responsible.
________________8. Citizen participation may be undertaken only in community
level through community development.
________________9. An ordinary citizen may have a political participation by being
vigilant and make public officials accountable to the people.
________________10. Good citizenship are manifestations of solidarity towards
attainment of the common good.
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Lesso
n
Active Citizenship
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In 1987 Philippine constitution, article IV about Citizens hip, Section 1.
Citizens of the Philippines are the following: [1] Those who are citizens of the
Philippines at the time of the adoption of this Constitution; [2] Those whose
fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines; [3] Those born before January
17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon reaching the
age of majority; and [4] Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.
Section 2 states that the Natural-born citizens are those who are citizens
of the Philippines from birth without having to perform any act to acquire or
perfect their Philippine citizenship. Citizenship by birth have two categories, Jus
Soli or loci is determined by place of birth white Jus Sanguinis is determined by
blood relations.
The key element in citizenship is an in-depth understanding of an
individual’s environment, backgrounds, and nature as a member. De Leon, 1997
states, the term citizenship denotes membership in a political society. The
membership implies a duty of allegiance on the part of the member and a duty
of protection on the part of the state. A citizen, on the other hand, refers to a
member of a democratic community who enjoys full civil and political rights and
is accorded protection inside and outside the territory of the state (De Leon,
1997).
The Philippines is a democratic community its citizens exercise rights and
perform duties and responsibilities in different levels and in different reasons
whether it is personal or communal. These degree of participation with behind
reasons greatly affects the civic engagement addressing public concerns.
Problems can be fully solved if the government and its citizens worked together
for the common goals. The highest level of citizen participation happens when
the people has the dominant decisions over the government. Nowadays, efforts
of the government to protect its citizen as stipulated in Article 2 Section 5: “The
maintenance of peace and order, the protection of life, liberty, and property, and
promotion of the general welfare are essential for the enjoyment by all the
people of the blessings of democracy”, are far from the expectation of its citizen
due to personal agendas of many politicians.
According to SWS Surveys on Good Local Governance (based on 2009),
local government enjoys a more favorable public support from household heads
nationwide with a Good net satisfaction rating tt44. This means participation can
be fully realized if the government exercises their duties and allegiance in
support for the people and vice-versa.
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What’s In
The civil society plays an important role in Philippine democracy if the
citizens recognize the principle of citizenship. It is a moral responsibility to self,
others and community. This moral responsibility has to be matched and
expressed with social responsibility in the same way as individual rights have to
be matched with social responsibility (Melegrito and Mendoza,2016). This means
a citizen must be liable and act according to what is right and due to
himself/herself, to a person, or to the community towards the attainment of
common good.
Activity 1: Remembering
Objective: To determine the level of awareness and to fully understand
their moral responsibility to self, others, and community.
Directions: Remember the past experience neglecting responsibilities to
self, others, and to the community. Fill up the table below.
SELF OTHERS COMMUNITY
Processing: After answering the table, answer the following questions:
1. What are your rights, other people’s rights, and just to the community
that you did not pay attention to?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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2. What are your responsibilities to yourself, to others and to the
community that you neglect to perform?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. What do you realize in the activity?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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What’s New
Activity 2: Am I? Am I not?
Objective: To assess one’s qualities and virtues as a good citizen.
Directions: Using the Venn diagram fill out the qualities or virtues you
have/haven’t as a good citizen.
ITS ME ITS NOT ME
IT SUPPOSE TO BE ME
THINK ABOUT IT!
How would you classify yourself as a good citizen and why? How would
you become a good citizen? How could you contribute to the civil
society as a good citizen?
THE GOOD CITIZEN:
Rosenau (1997) classified citizen according to individual’s self-
environment orientation. These are self-centered, apathetic, ideological and
democratic citizen. Self-centered citizens tend to ignore the needs of others and
only do what’s best for them. For example: In this pandemic situation a business
man who loss a revenue, planned to continue the unfinished works of his
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construction business without prior documents to open. Apathetic citizens on the
other hand is showing lack of feeling or interest, in participating activities.
Insensitive and lack a sense of purpose while an act is being done. Most of the
time apathetic citizen is passive. For example: In new normal education a grade
12 student does not care to pass or not the level. Ideological citizens based the
act on the society’s common beliefs, norms, and participation. This person takes
sides based on the majority decisions as a safe haven to act. Example:
Nowadays, Racism has been viral in social media, Filipinos and other Asian races
were discriminated in west countries for the corona virus was originated in Asia.
Although there are laws to protect the citizens from these discrimination, it is
prevalent in a particular area and time when people supports the idea. Lastly,
Democratic citizens have a list of good qualities and attitudes important
functioning democracy. Among the four types of citizen democratic is better
result to engage citizenship. But subjective to personal and group orientation.
QUALITIES OF GOOD CITIZEN:
Galston (1991) listed four types of civic virtues of citizen that are required
for a flourishing democracy. It is the morality or a standard of righteous behavior
in relationship to a citizen's involvement in society.1. General virtues (courage,
law-abidingness, loyalty), 2. Social virtues (independence; open-mindedness), 3.
Economic virtues (work ethic; capacity to delay work gratification; adaptability to
economic and technological change, and 4. Political virtues (capacity to discern
and respect the rights of others, willingness to demand only what can be paid
for; ability to evaluate the performance and willingness to discourse. (Galston
1991, 221-4 cited in Kymlicka and Norman 2010,7).
A blog journal posted by Fabrega introduced 10 ways to show good
citizenship. This can also be helpful in strengthening one’s qualities.1. A good
citizen is patriotic, it is being proud to the country, its cultural values and
identity. 2. Modeling good qualities, one’s people sees it they might follow it,
then it channeled to one person to another. 3. Be productive, it makes positive
contribution not to oneself but to the society. 4. Be informed, remember that
knowledge is power 5. Be vigilant, to ascertain that government is doing well. 6.
Be socially active, participation to solve the problem makes the problem less
complicated. 7. Be politically active, exercise your rights. 8. Be a mentor, make
your own mark of legacy. 9. Be well-rounded, be more productive develop more
skills and acquire more information 10. Make yourself order, start small create
order in everything.
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What is It
Active Citizenship
Active citizenship is someone who takes a role in the community
(Tisch,2010). With the issues confronting the society active participation is
important. It’s an old saying the body cannot fully function without its parts.
Therefore, every citizen must uphold the law and perform its duties and
responsibilities supporting the governments good projects or programs to
achieve common goals.
This is not actually not hard for us Filipinos’ because it is our inherent
characteristics based on the concept of pakikipagkapwa (holistic interaction of
others) and kapwa (shared innerself). A sense of having common identity,
belongingness, the togetherness and not being alone. One’s empathy to others
makes the kawanggawa (charity) and the basis of many groups or organizations
specially NGO’s. Where had a great impact in civic participation.
As Chinese philosopher Confucius once said the following: “To put the world in
order, we must first put the nation in order; to put the nation in order, we must
first put the family in order; to put the family in order; we must first cultivate our
personal life; we must first set our hearts right.”
So start to engage and participate.
THINK ABOUT IT!
How should governments ensure that citizens are active rather than
passive? How citizens exercise their rights as ci
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What’s More
Activity 3: The Elephant and Six Blind Men
Objective: To explain the importance of active citizenship in different perspective.
Directions: Read the and analyze the story.
Source: [Link]
The Elephant and the Blind Men
Once upon a time, an elephant came to small town. People had read and
heard of elephants but no one in the town had ever seen one. Thus a huge crowd
gathered around the elephant.
Six blind men also lived in that town, they had never seen an elephant
before, and they were eager to find out just like the rest of the people in that
town.
The people love the blind men and one suggested to give the blind men a
space and could go and feel the elephant with their hands. Some people assist
the blind men and place them in different places surrounding the elephant.
After that, they sat down and began to discuss their experiences. One
blind man said the elephant must like a thick trunk of a tree for he had touched
the leg, Another, who had touch the ears of the elephant said it’s a big fan, the
third said its must be a wall for he had touch the body, the fourth who had touch
the tail said it’s a thick rope, the fifth who had touch the trunk said it’s a big
snake, and lastly the one who had touch the tusk said it’s a spear.
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They sat for hours and argued, each one sure that his view was correct but
no one was quite willing to listen to others. A wise man came and said “Each one
of you is correct based on your experience and point of view but each one of you
is wrong too for you have only touch the partial part of an animal. If you try to
listen and understand others point of view together you will all get the idea what
an elephant looks like.
Answer the questions:
1. What are different views of active citizenship?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. What parallels does the story have in real life in terms of active
citizenship?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. What does the story tell you about cooperation in citizenship?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. What are the factors that affect the active citizenship?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. What is the importance of active citizenship regardless of different views?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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What I Have Learned
1. The term citizenship denotes membership in a political society. The
membership implies a duty of allegiance on the part of the member and a
duty of protection on the part of the state.
2. A citizen refers to a member of a democratic community who enjoys full
civil and political rights and is accorded protection inside and outside the
territory of the state (De Leon, 1997)
3. Citizens exercise rights and perform duties and responsibilities in different
levels and in different reasons whether it is personal or communal.
4. The principle of citizenship is moral responsibility to self, others and
community. This moral responsibility has to be matched and expressed
with social responsibility in the same way as individual rights have to be
matched with social responsibility (Melegrito and Mendoza,2016).
5. Rosenau (1997) classified citizen according to individual’s self-
environment orientation. These are self-centered, apathetic, ideological
and democratic citizen.
6. Galston (1991) listed four types of civic virtues of citizen that are required
for a flourishing democracy, these are general, social, economic, political
virtues.
7. Active citizenship is someone who takes a role in the community
(Tisch,2010).
8. Be a good citizen and be active in engaging citizenship for the attainment
of civic and political democracy.
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What I Can Do
Activity 4: Active Citizenship Blog
Objective: To explain the importance of active citizenship in different perspective.
Directions:
1. Make a 2 to 3minute blog about the importance of active citizenship.
2. Include several ways to be a good citizen and how often a person doing
it.
Rubrics for Blog making:
Source: [Link]
Content and creativity 40%
Voice Quality 20%
Text Layout, use of graphics and multimedia 20%
Timelines and tags 10%
Citations 5%
Quality 5%
TOTAL 100%
Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.
1. It is a kind of membership that implies a duty of allegiance on the part of
the member and a duty of protection on the part of the state?
a. Citizen
b. Citizenry
c. Citizenship
d. Commoner
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2. A term that is officially recognized member of a nation who possesses
rights and responsibilities as mandated by law?
a. Citizen
b. Citizenry
c. Citizenship
d. Inhabitant
3. A citizen of the Philippines from birth without having to perform any act to
acquire or perfect their Philippine citizenship.
a. Alien
b. Foreigner
c. Naturalized
d. Natural Born Citizen
4. In 1987 Philippine Constitution, the topic Citizenship is in what article?
a. Article III
b. Article IV
c. Article V
d. Article VI
5. A citizenship determined by blood relations.
a. Jus Soli
b. Jus Loci
c. Jus Sanguinis
d. Jus Saguinas
6. Citizens who are skeptical in politics in general and give little significance
to their own or society’s needs.
a. Apathetic
b. Self-centered
c. Ideological
d. Democratic
7. Citizens who recognize the processes and goals of a larger collectives to
which they belong.
a. Apathetic
b. Self-centered
c. Ideological
d. Democratic
8. Someone who takes an active role in the community
a. Citizen Participation
b. Participation and Collaboration
c. Youth Engagement
d. Active Citizenship
9. Which virtue has a great impact in civic participation?
a. Courage
b. Loyalty
c. Initiatives
d. Charity
10. Which of the following is political virtues?
a. Open-Mindedness
b. Capacity to discern and respect the rights of others
c. Capacity to delay self-gratification
d. Law abidingness
11.
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Additional Activities
Activity 4: My Journal
Objective: To evaluate the level of participation as a good citizen in this
pandemic situation.
Directions:
1. Reflect your level of participation in pandemic situation.
2. Write to your journal your ways of participation as a good citizen.
3. Identify virtues whether it is general, social, economic and political.
4. Are your ways a great contribution for active citizenship?
My Journal
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Answer Key
Assessment What I Know
1. C 1. FACT
2. A 2. BLUFF
3. D 3. FACT
4. B 4. BLUFF
5. C 5. FACT
6. A 6. FACT
7. D 7. FACT
8. D 8. BLUFF
9. D 9. FACT
10. C 10. FACT
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References:
Melegrito, Ma. Lourdez and Mendoza, Diana, The Pandayon Series:
Zeal for Action,2016, Phoenix Publishing
Mareliza Fabrega, Blog Journal: How to be a Good Citizen
Tisch, Jonathan, Huffington Post, 2010
SWS Survey on Good Governance, 2009
The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines
[Link]
republic-of-the-philippines/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines-
article-iv/
[Link]
[Link]
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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex
Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985
Email Address: [Link]@[Link] * [Link]@[Link]
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