ACTIVITY NO.

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REVIEW OF C++ PROGRAMMING
Course Code: CPE010 Program: Computer Engineering
Course Title: Data Structures and Algorithms Date Performed:
Section: Date Submitted:
Name: Instructor:
1. Objective(s)
 Implement basic programming and OOP in C++
2. Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)
After this module, the student should be able to:
a. Create code that follows the basic C++ code structure;
b. Implement appropriate class definition and instances based on given requirements;
c. Solve different problems using the C++ programming language.

3. Discussion

Part A: Introduction to C++ Code

Structure of C++ Code

Sections Sample Code

Header File #include<iostream>
using namespace std;
Declaration Section
Global Declaration
int count = 0;
Section
Class Declaration and
class rectangle{
Method Definition private:
Section double recLength, recWidth;

public:
rectangle(double L, double W);
void setLength(double L);
void setWidth(double W);
double getPerimeter();
};

Main Function
int main(){
rectangle shape1(2, 5);
std::cout << "The perimeter of the rectangle is " <<
shape1.getPerimeter() << ".\n";
std::cout << count << " number of objects created.";
return 0;
}

Method Definition
rectangle::rectangle(double L, double W) {
recLength = L;
recWidth = W;
count++;
}

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 void rectangle::setLength(double L) {
recLength = L;
}

void rectangle::setWidth(double W) {
recWidth = W;
}

double rectangle::getPerimeter() {
return (2*recLength) + (2*recWidth);
}

It is not required for all sections to have code for every use-case. However, for best practices you would prefer
to have an overall structure to follow to increase code readability and reusability.

Data Types
d. Primary Data Type: int, float, char and void
e. User defined data type: structure, union, class, enumeration
f. Derived data type: array, function, pointer, reference

Local & Global Variables

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int globalVal = 0; //Global Variable

int main(){
int localVal = 5; //Local Variable

std::cout << "Global Variable has value " << globalVal << ".\n";
std::cout << "Local Variable has value " << localVal << ".\n";

return 0;
}

Operators
Arithmetic Relational Logical
Addition + Greater than > AND &&
Subtraction – Less than < OR ||
Multiplication * Greater than or equal >= NOT !
Division / Less than or equal <=
Modulo % Equal ==
Increment ++ Not equal !=
Decrement --

Bitwise Operators
Let A = 60 and B = 13. Binary values are as follows:

A = 0011 1100
B = 0000 1101

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 Bitwise AND -> & A & B 0000 1100
Bitwise OR -> | A | B 0011 1101
Bitwise XOR -> ^ A ^ B 0011 0001
Bitwise Complement -> ~ ~A 1100 0011

Assignment Operator

Assign a value to a variable. Example:

Assign the value 20 to a variable A.

int A = 20;

The assignment operator is a basic component denoted as “=”.

Part B: Classes and Objects using C++

To create a class use the class keyword. Syntax is:

class myClass {
public:
int myNum;
string myString;
};

public here is an access specifier. It indicates that the attributes and methods listed under it are accessible
outside the class. A simple table is provided below to summarize the access specifiers used in c++.

Specifiers Within same class In derived class Outside the class

private Yes No No
protected Yes Yes No
public Yes Yes Yes

We can then create an object from this class:

int main(){
//this creates the object
myClass object1;

//this accesses the public attributes

object1.myNum = 5;
object1.myString = “Sample”;

return 0;
}

4. Materials and Equipment

Personal Computer with C++ IDE
Recommended IDE:
 CLion (must use TIP email to download)
 DevC++ (use the embarcadero fork or configure to C++17)

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5. Procedure
ILO A: Create Code That Follows the Basic C++ Code Structure

For this activity, you have to demonstrate the use of a function prototype. The section on class declaration
and method definition will be used for the function prototype and the function will be defined in the follow
method definition section after the main function.

A function prototype in c++ is a declaration of the name, parameters and return type of the function before its
definition. Write a C++ code the satisfies the following:

 Create a function that will take two numbers and display the sum.
 Create a function that will return whether variable A is greater than variable B.
 Create a function that will take two Boolean values and display the result of all logical operations then
return true if it was a success.

Note:
 The driver program must call each function.
 The definitions must be after the main function.

ILO B: Implement Appropriate Class Definition and Instances Based on Given Requirements

In this section, the initial implementation for a class triangle will be implemented. The step-by-step procedure
is shown below:

Step 1. Include the necessary header files. For this one, we only need #include <iostream>
Step 2. Create the triangle class. Assign it with private variables: totalAngle, angleA, angleB, and
angleC.

class Triangle{
private:
double totalAngle, angleA, angleB, angleC;

Step 3. We then create public methods. The constructor must allow for creation of the object with 3
initial angles to be stored in our previously defined variables angleA, angleB and angleC. Another
method has to be made if the user wants to change the initial values, this will also accept 3 arguments
to change the values in angleA, angleB and angleC. Lastly, a function to validate whether the given
values make our shape an actual triangle.

public:
Triangle(double A, double B, double C);
void setAngles(double A, double B, double C);
const bool validateTriangle();
};

Step 4. Define the methods.

Triangle::Triangle(double A, double B, double C) {

angleA = A;

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 angleB = B;
angleC = C;
totalAngle = A+B+C;
}

void Triangle::setAngles(double A, double B, double C) {

angleA = A;
angleB = B;
angleC = C;
totalAngle = A+B+C;
}

const bool Triangle::validateTriangle() {

return (totalAngle <= 180);
}

Step 5. Create the driver code.

int main(){
//driver code
Triangle set1(40, 30, 110);
if(set1.validateTriangle()){
std::cout << "The shape is a valid triangle.\n";
} else {
std::cout << "The shape is NOT a valid triangle.\n";
}

return 0;
}

Include the output of running this code in section 6. Note your observations and comments.

6. Output

Sections Answer
Header File Declaration Section
Global Declaration Section
Class Declaration and
Method Definition Section
Main Function
Method Definition
Table 1-1. C++ Structure Code for Answer

Table 1-2. ILO B output observations and comments.

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7. Supplementary Activity
ILO C: Solve Different Problems using the C++ Programming Language
The supplementary activities are meant to gauge your ability in using C++. The problems below range from
easy to intermediate to advanced problems. Note your difficulties after answering the problems below.

1. Create a C++ program to swap the two numbers in different variables.

2. Create a C++ program that has a function to convert temperature in Kelvin to Fahrenheit.
3. Create a C++ program that has a function that will calculate the distance between two points.
4. Modify the code given in ILO B and add the following functions:
a. A function to compute for the area of a triangle
b. A function to compute for the perimeter of a triangle
c. A function that determines whether the triangle is acute-angled, obtuse-angled or ‘others.’

8. Conclusion
Provide the following:
 Summary of lessons learned
 Analysis of the procedure
 Analysis of the supplementary activity
 Concluding statement / Feedback: How well did you think you did in this activity? What are your areas
for improvement?

9. Assessment Rubric