LESSON PLAN IN ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL

PURPOSES (GRADE 11)

FIRST QUARTER
WEEK 1 to 3
Day 1

Date: June 11, 2018

Time: 2:00-3:00pm

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the student must be able to:

a. explains the specific ideas contained in various academic texts

(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-3)

Content Standard: The learner acquires knowledge of appropriate reading strategies for a
better understanding of Academic texts.

Performance Standard: The learner produces a detailed abstract of information gathered

from the various academic text read.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. Topic: Reading Academic Texts

B. Reference: English for Academic and Professional Purposes Curriculum Guide
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-3), English for Academic and Professional Purposes
Module
C. Materials:
Hand-outs
Chalk

III. PROCEDURE

A. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES
a. Prayer
b. Greetings
c. Checking of Attendance

1. Activity/Motivation
- The teacher will ask some questions to the students.

Questions:

1.What is the meaning of hunter-gatherer environment?

2. What is your idea about pointing of gesturing?
3. What do you mean about vocalization?
4. What are the advantages of a language that can operate autonomously through voice
and ear, rather than hand and eye? Why speech?
5. What were the selective pressures led to the eventual dominance of speech?

Unlocking Difficulties
1. Homo Sapiens- the species of human beings that exist today.
2. Lexical- relating to words or vocabulary.
3. Complexity- the quality or state of not being simple.
4. Intricate- having many parts
 5. Arbitrary- not plan or chosen for a particular reason: not based on reason or
evidence.

2. Analysis
1. What is your idea about the title “From Hand to Mouth”?

3. Abstraction

From Hand to Mouth

Michael C. Corballis

(1) Imagine trying to teach a child to talk without using your hands or any other means of
pointing of gesturing. The task would surely be impossible. There can be little doubt that
bodily gestures are involved in the development of language, both in the individual and in
the species. Yet, once the system is up and running, it can function entirely on
vocalizations, as when two friends chat over the phone and create in each other’s minds a
world of events far removed from the actual sounds that emerge from their lips. My
contention is that the vocal element emerged relatively late in hominid evolution. If the
modern chimpanzee is to be our guide, the common ancestor of 5 or 6 million years ago
would have been utterly incapable of a telephone conversation but would have been able
to make voluntary movements of hands and face that could the least serve as a platform
upon which to build a language.

(2) Evidence suggests that the vocal machinery necessary for autonomous speech
developed quite recently in hominid evolution. Grammatical language may well have
begun to emerge around 2 million years ago but would at first have been primary
gestural, though no doubt punctuated with grunts and other vocal cries that were at first
largely involuntary and emotional. The complex adjustments necessary to produce speech
as we know it today would have taken some time to evolve, and may not have been
complete until some 170,000 years ago, or even later, when Homo sapiens emerged to
grace, but more often disgrace, the planet. These adjustments may have been incomplete
even in our close relatives the Neanderthals; arguably, it was this failure that contributed
to their demise.

(3) The question now is what were the selective pressures that led to the eventual
dominance of speech? On the face of it, an acoustic medium seems a poor way to convey
information about the world; not for nothing is it said that a picture is worth a thousand
words. Moreover, signed language has all the lexical and grammatical complexity of
spoken language. Primate evolution is itself a testimony to the primacy of the visual
world. We share with monkeys a highly sophisticated visual system, giving us three-
dimension information in colour about us, and an intricate system for exploring that
world through movement and manipulation. Further, in a hunter- gatherer environment,
where predators and prey are major concern, there are surely advantages in silent
communication since sound acts as a general alert. And yet we came to communicate
about the world in a medium that in all primates except ourselves is primitive and
stereotyped- and noisy.

(4) Before we consider the pressures that may have favoured vocalization over gestures,
it bears repeating that the switch from hand to mouth was almost certainly not an abrupt
one. In fact, manual gestures still feature prominently in language; even as fluent
speakers gesture almost as much as they vocalize, and of course deaf communities
spontaneously develop signed language. It has also been proposed that speech itself is in
many respects better conceived as composed of gestures rather than sequences of these
elusive phantoms called phonemes. In this view, language evolved as a system of
gestures based on movements of the hands, arms and face, including movements of the
mouth, lips, and tongue. It would not have been a big steps to add voicing to the gestural
repertoire, at first as mere grunts, but later articulated so that invisible gestures of the oral
cavity could rendered accessible, but to the ear rather than the eye. There may therefore
have been continuity from the language that was almost exclusively manual and facial,
though perhaps punctuated by involuntary grunts, to one in which the vocal component
has a much more extensive repertoire and is under voluntary control. The essential
feature of modern expressive language is not that it is purely vocal, but rather that the
component can function autonomously and provide the grammar as well as meaning of
linguistics communication.

(5) What, then, are the advantages of a language that can operate autonomously through
voice and ear, rather than hand and eye? Why speech?

Guided Questions:
1. Who is the author of the passage entitled “From Hand to Mouth”?
2. Who can tell the difference between gesture and vocalization?
3. Why vocalization is favored than gesture?
4. What is the essential feature of modern expressive language?
5. Who can explain about the evolution of language?

4. Application

-The teacher will group the students into four and give them a task about the
passage. She will give each of the group a different paragraph and let them
brainstorm within five minutes.

Direction: Each group will report in front of class and explains the specific
ideas contained in academic text.

IV. Evaluation:
Direction: Get ½ cw. Make an essay about the passage, “From Hand to Mouth”.

V. Assignment:
In ½ cw. Research about the Arbitrary Symbols.