Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOCOS NORTE

PERSONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Knowing and Understanding Oneself during
Middle and Late Adolescence
MELC: Explain that knowing oneself can make a person accept his/her
strengths and limitations and dealing with others better and share his/her unique
characteristics, habits and experiences

❖ K to 12 CG Code EsP-PD/12KO-Ia-1.1-1.2

Prepared by:

JENIFER B. BUMANGLAG
Teacher I
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First Quarter – Module 1:

KNOWING AND UNDERSTANDING ONESELF DURING MIDDLE

AND LATE
ADOLESCENCE
❖ K to 12 CG Code EsP-PD11/12KO-Ia-1.1
 What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master how to understand yourself and pave the way to self-acceptance and better
relationship with others. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in
which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

• Lesson 1 – Self-Concept
• Lesson 2 – Personal Effectiveness
• Lesson 3 – Build on your Strengths and Work on your Weaknesses

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. explain that knowing yourself can make you accept your strengths and limitations in
dealing with other better;
2. share your unique characteristics, habits and experiences and;
3. start and maintain a journal

What I Know

Read the statement carefully. Choose the correct word/s from the box that being
describe in each item number.

Ideal Self Actual Self Self-Concept Self knowledge

Personal Effectiveness Experience Negotiation

Determination Self-Confidence

1. The self that you aspire to be.

2. It is the one that you hope will possess characteristics similar to that of a mentor or
some other worldly figure.
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3. The one that you actually see.
4. It is the self that has characteristics that you were nurtured or, in some cases, born to
have.

5. Refers to your awareness of yourself.

6. It is the construct that negotiates these two selves.
7. It connotes first the identification of the ideal self as separate from others, and second,
it encompasses all the behaviors evaluated in the actual self that you engage in to reach
the ideal self.

8. Built on self-knowledge.

9. Derived from social interactions that provide insight into how others react to you.
10. It is how we think, how we feel, look and act.
11. Making use of all the personal resources, talents, skills, energy and time, to ensure, to
achieve life goals.

12. Knowledge and skills that we acquire in the process of cognitive and practical activities.
13. Exists between the two selves which is complex because there are numerous exchanges
between the ideal and actual self.

14. It allows to focus only on achieving a specific goal without being distracted by less
important things or spontaneous desires. It may develop with the help of self-discipline
exercise.

15. It appears in the process of personal development, as a result of getting aware of

yourself, your actions and their consequences.

Knowing and Understanding

Module Oneself during Middle and Late
1 Adolescence

Big Question: How can understanding yourself pave way to self- acceptance
and better relationship with others?

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 What’s In

Directions: Think about to describe yourself. Complete a few “I am” statements. Include
skills or characteristics, likes/dislikes, and groups or teams you belong to.

1. I am
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2. I am
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. I am
_____________________________________________________________
4. I am
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
5. I am
_____________________________________________________________

What is New

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 Self
can be
defined in
different ways:

philosophical, psychological, spiritual and also in thoughts, actions and behavior.

Self is the union of elements: body, thoughts, feelings or emotions and sensations that
constitutes the individuality and identity of a person.

KNOWING ONESELF

Discovering yourself is about something much greater and of higher significance. It is

understanding who you are at your core, what most concern you, what makes you become
energetic, what nourishes your soul and what exhausts your spirit, and how to know the
distinction so you decide well as you go further in life.

PERSONALITY
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 Is the set of behaviors, feelings, thoughts and motives that identifies an individual. An
essence of who we are and is the embodiment of one’s physical, psychological, cognitive and
affective and spiritual self. When we speak of the “SELF”, we will describe it in personality
terms.
Personality is the union and enduring set of behaviors, feelings, thoughts, motives and
attitudes that characterize a person.

What is It

On a sheet of bond paper, use crayons to draw symbols that would best illustrate your
thoughts and feelings about who you are.

Processing Questions:

1. How do you feel about the activity?

2. What symbols, figures, or drawings best illustrate who you are? Why?
3. What do you think have influenced such traits or characteristics?

What’s More

Directions: Answer the following self-concept inventory in your own journal. Rate yourself
using the scale below.

0 – very weak 1 – weak 2 – somewhat weak or somewhat strong 3 – strong

4 – very strong

1. I have strong sex appeal.

2. I am proud of my physical figure.
3. I am physically attractive and beautiful/handsome.
4. I exude with charm and poise.
5. I am easy to get along with.

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6. I can adjust to different people and different situations.
7. I am approachable: other people are at ease and comfortable with me.
8. I am lovable and easy to love.
9. I am a fast learner. Can understand with one instruction.
10. I am intelligent.
11. I have special talents and abilities.
12. I can easily analyze situations and make right judgements.
13. I can be trusted in any transaction.
14. I have a clean conscience and carry no guilty feeling.
15. I have integrity and good reputation.
16. My friends and classmates can look up to me as a model worth emulating.
17. I can express my ideas in writing without difficulty.
18. I talk in a persuasive manner that I can easily get people to accept what I say.
19. I am a good listener.
20. I am emotionally stable and not easily rattled when faced with trouble.
21. I am logical and rational in my outlook and decisions.
22. I feel and act with confidence.
23. I am a mature person.

Scoring: Write your score opposite each number and get the subtotal.
Physical appeal Human Relations Intelligence
1 ______________ 5 _______________ 9 _______________
2 ______________ 6 _______________ 10 ______________
3 ______________ 7 _______________ 11 ______________
4 ______________ 8 _______________ 12 ______________
Subtotal: ________ Subtotal: _________ Subtotal: _________

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 Character Communications Maturity
13 _______________ 17 ______________ 21 ____________
___
14 _______________ 18 ______________
22 ____________
15 _______________ 19 ______________
___ 23
16 _______________ 20 ______________
______________
Subtotal: __________ Subtotal: _________ _

Subtotal: __________

Look at the results of your self-concept inventory and answer the following questions.

1. In what areas do you consider yourself strong (with score 14-16) or somewhat weak
(score of 10-13) and very weak (below 10)
2. Are there qualities you consider as your weakness? How can you improve these?
3. How realistic is your self-image?

SELF-CONCEPT
Question: How can understanding yourself pave the way to selfacceptance and better
relationship with others?
Imagine yourself looking into a mirror. What do you see? Do you see your ideal self
or your actual self?
Ideal self is the that you aspire to be. It is the one that you hope will possess characteristics
similar to that of a mentor or some other wordly figure. Actual self is the one that you
actually see. It is the self that has characteristics that you were nurtured or, in some cases,
born to have.
The actual self and the ideal self are two broad categories of self-concept. Self- concept
refers to your awareness of yourself. It is the construct that negotiates these two selves. The
actual self is built on self-knowledge. Self-knowledge is derived from social interactions that
provide insight into how others react to you. The actual self who we actually are. It is how
we think, how we feel, look, and react. The actual self can be seen by others, but because we
have no way of truly knowing how others view us, the actual self is our self-image.
The ideal self is how we want to be. It is an idealized image that we have developed over
time, based on what we have learned and experienced. The ideal self could include
components of what our parents have taught us, what we admire in others, what our society
promotes, and what we think is our best interest.
There is negotiation that exist between the two selves which is complex because there are
numerous exchanges between the ideal and actual self. These exchanges are exemplified in
social roles that are adjusted and re-adjusted, and are derived from outcomes of social
interactions from infant to adult development.

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Why is knowing yourself so important?
Knowing and understanding yourself would help you make much better decisions, it will
improve your decision-making habits, in setting and reaching appropriate goals and
altogether living more productively and more.
How to get to know yourself?

1. Get to Know Your Personality

Understanding your own personality is the first key. You have the collective
opinion of others which is one aspect.
You also have your own database of information about what your personality is
really like, and who you are in your private moments as well as in your public ones.
The idea is to get to know your personality inside out, to know what you are
and what you are not like. Understand what makes you react a certain way in life’s
myriad of situations. Ask yourself ”Why did I do that?” and answer it.

2. Get to Know Your Core Values

Your core values are the morale codes and the principles you hold near and
dear to your heart.
You have more than eight values, but the top eight play the big roles in
decision-making, influencing, persuading, conflict-resolution, communication, and
living your day-to-day life.

3. Get to Know Your Body

How well do you know your body, your breathing, your abilities, your limits
of balance and flexibility?
The more you learn about your body, the more mysterious it becomes and the
more you push your body, the more it surprises and delights and amazes you.

4. Get to Know Your Dreams

Your dreams and hopes create the pathway into your future. They
help you build
the life you can be proud of living.
Your dreams matter. They are important. They are worth going after.
Start getting to know your dreams well. Get to know the details and the
specifics.

5. Get to Know your Likes and Dislikes

What do you like and just as important, what do you dislike?
Knowing this about yourself gives you a lot of
confidence into who you are.
Take time to define your likes and dislikes, and don’t put it up for a
vote among family and friends. You decide. Defining your own likes and
dislikes takes guts.
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PERSONAL EFFECTIVENESS

Personal Effectiveness means making use of all the personal resources- talents, skills,
energy and time, to enable you to achieve life goals.
Your knowledge of yourself and how you manage yourself impacts directly on your
personal effectiveness. Being self-aware, making the most of your strengths, learning new
skills and techniques and behavioral flexibility are all keys to improving your personal
performance.
Our personal effectiveness depends on our innate characteristics- talent and
experience accumulated in the process of personal development. Talents first are needed to be
identified and then developed to be used in a particular subject area (science, literature,
sports, politics, etc.)
Experience includes knowledge and skills that we acquire in the process of cognitive
and practical activities.
Knowledge is required for setting goals, defining an action plan to achieve them and
risk assessment.
Skills also determine whether real actions are performed in accordance with the plan.
If the same ability is used many times in the same situation, then it becomes a habit that runs
automatically, subconsciously.

Skills that will greatly increase the efficiency of any person

1. Determination – it allows you to focus only on achieving a specific goal without being
distracted by less important things or spontaneous desires.
- it may develop with the help of self-discipline exercise.
2. Self-confidence – it appears in the process of personal development, as a result of
getting aware of yourself, your actions and their consequences.
- it is manifested in speech, appearance, dressing, and physical condition.
- to develop it, you need to learn yourself and your capabilities, gain positive
attitude and believe that by performing right actions and achieving right goals you
will certainly reach success.
3. Persistence – it makes you keep moving forward regardless of emerging obstacles-
problems, laziness, bad emotional state, etc.
- it reduces the costs of overcoming obstacles
- it can also be developed with the help of self-discipline exercise
4. Managing stress – it helps combat stress that arises in daily life from the environment
and other people.
- Stress arises from the uncertainty in an unknown situation when a lack of
information creates the risk of negative consequences of your actions.
- it increases efficiency in the actively changing environment.
5. Problem- solving skills – they help cope with the problems encountered with a lack of
experience
- it increases efficiency by adopting new ways of achieving goals when obtaining a
new experience.

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 6. Creativity – it allows you to find extraordinary ways to carry out a specific action that
no one has tried to use.
- it can lead to a decrease or an increase of costs, but usually the speed of action is
greatly increased when using creative tools.
7. Generating ideas – it helps you achieve goals using new, original, unconventional
ideas.
- Idea is a mental image of an object formed by the human mind. Which can be
changed before being implemented in the real human mind.
- can use method of mental maps, which allows you to materialize, visualize and
scrutinize all your ideas, which in turn contributes to the emergence of new ideas.

IDENTIFYING YOUR STRENGHTS AND LIMITATIONS

Strengths
- knowing strengths will be more empowered to do developmental tasks.
- equipped with skills essential in making wise decisions in life
- more competent in achieving your goals
- capacity to establish mature relationship with others, emotional independence and
ability to demonstrate responsible behaviors
- analyze complex situations logically and sensibly
- more confident in doing your tasks

Personal Strength is what you do best and where your genuine talents are, concentrate on
using that strength to the fullest if you want to live comfortable life.

Action-oriented adventurous analytical artistic

athletic caring Charming creative clever compassionate communicative Determined
confident disciplined educated
emotional intelligent Energetic entertaining fast flexible warm thoughtful Motivated
optimistic open-minded organize responsible self-controlled good-looking

Limitations
- becoming more aware of your weaknesses is not the end goal of self-development;
rather, a starting
- find ways to enhance your capabilities
- develop positive attitudes dealing with life’s challenges

Limitations are those attributes that you will have difficulty in doing. Letting other people
identify your personal limitations is better than identifying them on your own. Everybody has
limitation, humans are not perfect so it is normal thing.

Aggressive arrogant bossy chaotic

close-minded complaining Fearful ignorant
impatient greedy impulsive indifferent

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 insensitive rude selfish stubborn
Moody lazy passive naïve
selfish Insensitive negative irresponsible

INTROSPECTION
Self-awareness starts with assessing yourself. Introspection is your ability to reflect
and think about your own thoughts, feelings and actions, is essential in understanding and
improving yourself.
Also, you have to listen and accept positively feedback you get from others, as well as
their opinions about you.
Feedbacks: positive and criticism
Writing a journal is one way of helping you introspect.

SELF-ACTUALIZATION refers to the achievement of your potential through creativity,

independence, and an understanding of the real world. A person’s motivation to reach his or
hell.

Extraversion or introversion is how an individual prefers to channel his or her energy

dealing with people, whether it is inward or outward.

Sensing or intuition is how one prefers information, whether through the use of senses such
as being able to describe what one sees, feel, touch, smell… or intuitively (natural ability or
understood without proof of evidence) like dealing with ideas.
Thinking or feeling is how an individual prefers to make decisions, either thinking or suing
logic (proper or reasonable way) and analysis of feeling which uses the cognitive (conscious
mental activities thinking, remembering) senses based on values or beliefs. is how an
individual prefer to manage one life, whether true judging. which means a planned and
organized life versus perception living, which has a more flexible approach to living
(observation).

BUILD ON YOUR STRENGTHS AND WORK ON YOUR WEAKNESSES

Most failures emanate from weaknesses that are not recognized or probably recognized but
not given appropriate attention or remedy. This could be the weakness in communications,
personality or ability. Instead of giving up or indulging in self-pity, take action, go for speech
lessons, get skills upgrading, attend personality development sessions or whatever
appropriate remedies to your perceived weaknesses.
Instead of simply focusing on your weaknesses, recognize your own talents and abilities,
build on them, utilize them to your greatest advantage. This is where you can build your
name and popularity.

Processing Question:
1. What are your strengths and how these qualities will help you as an individual?
2. What are your limitations and how these will improve your personality?
3. In one to five sentence/s, formulate your own self-affirmation.

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 • Affirmation is to identify your positive traits and allow you to appreciate those positive
traits.

Three kinds of people in this world

1. Moviegoer – this person watches the movie of their lives, admires some parts and
criticizes others
- they do nothing else
- feels she has absolutely no control of their lives except to comment about it
- they are the most pathetic, miserable people in the world
2. Actor – this person does not only watch the movie of her life
- she actually realizes she’s the actor and can control a big part of her life.
- she can actually make or break the movie by how well she delivers her lines and
how the show and enjoy some level of control
- they wish the movie would end in another way but realize that they have no say
in such things.
3. Scrip writer – this person does not only watch, and she doesn’t only act, but she
actually creates the entire movie from her mind.
- she determines what she will say, what she will do, and how the movie will end
- she realizes she has enormous control over her life, and sees to it that movie of
her life will turn out beautiful

• The producer of the movie is God. He tells you, make the movie beautiful, and will
give you all that you need for success.

Processing Questions:

1. Who are you among these three people?

2. Do you act out a script that you feel has been handed to you?
3. Do you write the script and make your life beautiful?

THE POWER OF JOURNAL WRITING: UNFOLDING YOUR PERSONAL

JOURNEY

The purpose of journal writing is to help you become the

Scriptwriter of your life. There are four practical reasons to maintain a journal.
1. It is cost-efficient and available. Emotional stress can be dealt in many ways like
talking to a friend over a cup of coffee, eating, travelling, shopping, painting and
many more but writing is the most inexpensive. Notebook and pens are easy to find,
available and do not cost so much.
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 2. It is preventive and pro-active. Writing yields self-awareness. When you write, you
can discover your strengths and limitations. You will know what your reactions are in
different situations and what better ways to prevent, avoid, or face your fears.
3. It is creative and productive. Journal writing expounds your imagination. You can see
various dimensions of your problem, different points of view and better solution.
4. It is personal and private. Unless you want to share your stories, you have the choice
to keep them to yourself. You will not be judge by your writing.

• Maintain a personal journal on your notebook.

• The following questions are your guides in writing your journal
1. How do you find this day? What are the positive things that happened?
What are those things that made you irritated or upset?
2. As you reflect the ups and downs of your day, what may be the greatest
lesson you can learn from them? What actions have you done well and
actions you can do better?
3. What do you really want in life? What do you want to achieve for
yourself, your family, your community and your country?
4. As you close the day, what are the small and big things you are
thankful of? Who are the people that made your day extra special?
Processing Questions:

Write your answers in your personal journal.

1. What have you discovered in yourself?
2. What are your core strengths?
3. What are the qualities you want to hone and improve?

What’s More

Video Review (A video titled WHO AM I, focuses on a laden individual and his role as a
responsible citizen)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mBcqria2wmg

Guide Question:

1. What is the video all about?

2. As a Filipino youth, what are your responsibilities to your family and community?

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__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ Fill in the
spaces provided by answering what is asked in each number.

1 and 2 two things I do very well

3 and 4 my two greatest achievements in life
5 what in myself am I proudest of
6 my happiest moment
7 positive words that my friends use to describe me
8 a personal goal that I have already achieved
9 three blessings for which I am most thankful to God
10 three of my positive qualities
11 difficulties, challenges and problems that I was able to solve and
overcome

MY BANNER - THE TREASURE WITHIN ME

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 What I have Learned

Hunting Words: Identify the skills that will greatly increase the efficiency of a person.

F R N P P E R S O N A L I T Y B V G
D E T E R M I N A T I O N F D S H E
E M O R I C Y M I M E D B M J F G N
A A P S M K P L W A S Q W E U T K E
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 S I Q I E P V I S I O N S D M K A R
C N X S R A H E I G H T A I P E W A
O G Z T S P D G E N E S C A D A A T
N C R E A T I V I T Y W T I O S R I
C O N N E C T I O N P T G O W Z E N
E X G C N E R D P W O N Y P N X N G
P V S E L F C O N F I D E N C E E I
T S T D V J T G F T V F O E E J S D
H K R R B K O X A A M I N O S H S E
B E W Y J A S R D N M D H X L F E A
G E H I Y P E R S O N E I G L G L S
F P P N R N R U H I P L O P I T Y E
C I Y G E T E I T U M S Q P K P O S
U N T G K Y Q U A L I T I E S K I D

Answers:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

What I Can Do

Journal Reflection from My Banner

Guide Questions:

1. What do you consider as your weaknesses, abilities, and talents?

2. What are the remedies you will take to improve or compensate for your weakness?
3. How can you further enrich your assets and strengths?
4. Where and how do you use it to your best advantage?

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 Assessment

A. Multiple Choice
Read the statement carefully. Choose the correct letter that describes in each item number.
Write your answer in the provided spaces.

Refer from the choices below.

a. ideal self b. actual self c. self-concept d. self-knowledge
e. personal effectiveness f. experience g. determination
h. self-confidence i. negotiation

______1. It refers to the self that you aspire to be.

______2. It is the one that you hope will possess characteristics similar to that of a mentor or
some other worldly figure.
______3. The one that you actually see.
______4. It is the self that has characteristics that you were nurtured or, in some cases, born
to have.
______5. Refers to your awareness of yourself.
______6. It is the construct that negotiates these two selves.
______7. It connotes first the identification of the ideal self as separate from others, and
second, it encompasses all the behaviors evaluated in the actual self that you engage in to
reach the ideal self.
______8. Built on self-knowledge.
______9. Derived from social interactions that provide insight into how others react to you.
______10. It is how we think, how we feel, look and act.
______11. Making use of all the personal resources, talents, skills, energy and time, to
ensure, to achieve life goals.
______12. Knowledge and skills that we acquire in the process of cognitive and practical
activities.
______13. Exists between the two selves which is complex because there are numerous
exchanges between the ideal and actual self.
______14. It allows to focus only on achieving a specific goal without being distracted by
less important things or spontaneous desires. It may develop with the help of self-discipline
exercise.
______15. It appears in the process of personal development, as a result of getting aware of
yourself, your actions and their consequences.
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B. True or False
Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is not.
_____1. The actual self and the ideal self are two broad categories of self-concept.
_____2. Focusing on your weaknesses recognize your own talents and abilities.
_____3. All person in this world are always be the scriptwriter of his/her entire life.
_____4. Journal writing will help you become the script writer of your life.
_____5. Writing yields self-awareness- you can discover your strengths and limitations.

Additional Activities

Complete the sentences below based from what you have learned from this topic/lesson.
I just learned many things from this lesson like
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

I will use these learnings to become

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

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