In The Name Of GoD

About OS : Linux!
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U can Find more commands and info of them about linux In this PDF

User Commands

1. addftinfo Add information to troff font files for use with groff
2. afmtodit Create font files for use with groff –Tps
3. ansi2knr Convert ANSI C to Kernighan & Ritchie C
4. anytopnm Attempt to convert an unknown type of image file to a portablanymap
5. appres List X application resource database
6. ar Create, modify, and extract from archives
7. arch Print architecture
8. GNU as The portable GNU assembler
9. asciitopgm Convert ASCII graphics into a portable graymap
10. atktopbm Convert Andrew Toolkit raster object to portable bitmap
11. bash GNU Bourne–again shell
12. bdftopcf Convert X font from Bitmap Distribution Format to Portable Compile Format
13. beforelight Screen saver
14. biff Be notified if mail arrives and who it is from
15. bioradtopgm Convert a Biorad confocal file into a portable graymap
16. bitmap Bitmap editor and converter utilities for the X Window System
17. bmtoa Bitmap editor and converter utilities for the X Window System
18. atobm Bitmap editor and converter utilities for the X Window System
19. bmptoppm Convert a BMP file into a portable pixmap
20. brushtopbm Convert a doodle brush file into a portable bitmap
21. cal Displays a calendar
22. cat Concatenate files and print on the standard output
23. chattr Change file attributes on a Linux second extended file system
24. chfn Change your finger information
25. chgrp Change the group ownership of files
26. chkdupexe : Find duplicate executables
27. chmod Change the access permissions of files
28. chown Change the user and group ownership of files
29. chsh Change your login shell
30. ci Check in RCS revisions
31. cidentd identd server
32. cksum Checksum and count the bytes in a file
33. clear Clear terminal screen
34. cmuwmtopbm Convert a CMU window manager bitmap into a portable bitmap
35. co Check out RCS revisions
36. col Filter reverse line feeds from input
37. colcrt Filter nroff output for CRT previewing
38. colrm Remove columns from a file
39. column Columnate lists
40. comm Compare two sorted files line by line
41. convdate Convert time/date strings and numbers
42. cp Copy files
43. cccp The GNU C-compatible compiler preprocessor
44. cpp The GNU C-compatible compiler preprocessor
45. crontab Manipulate per-user crontabs
46. csplit Split a file into sections determined by context lines
47. ctags Generates tags and (optionally) refs files
48. cu Call up another system
49. cut Remove sections from each line of files
50. cvs Concurrent Versions System
51. date Show and set date and time
52. dd Convert a file while copying it (data dumper)
53. depmod Handle loadable modules automatically
54. modprobe Handle loadable modules automatically
55. df Summarize free disk space
56. dig Send domain name query packets to name servers
57. dnsquery Query domain name servers using resolver
58. domainname Set or print domain of current host
59. dsplit Split a large file into pieces
60. du Summarize disk usage
61. editres A dynamic resource editor for X Toolkit applications
62. elvis The editor
63. ex The editor
64. vi The editor
65. view The editor
66. input The editor
67. elvprsv Preserve the modified version of a file after a crash
68. elvrec Recover the modified version of a file after a crash
69. emacs GNU project emacs
70. emacstool Run emacs under Sun windows with function key and mouse support.
71. etags Generate tag file for emacs
72. ctags Generate tag file for vi
73. expand Convert tabs to spaces
74. find Search for files in a directory hierarchy
75. fitstopnm Convert a FITS file into a portable anymap
76. fmt Adjust line-length for paragraphs of text
77. fold Wrap each input line to fit in specified width
78. free Display amount of free and used memory in the system
79. fsinfo X font server information utility
80. fslsfonts List fonts served by X font server
81. fstobdf Generate BDF font from X font server
82. fstopgm Convert a Usenix FaceSaver file into a portable graymap
83. ftp ARPAnet file transfer program
84. fuser Identify processes using files
85. g++ GNU project C++ Compiler
86. g3topbm Convert a Group 3 fax file into a portable bitmap
87. gawk Pattern scanning and processing language
88. gcal Displays month/year calendar sheets, eternal holiday lists for Julian and
Gregorian years, and fixed date warning
89. lists all in a variety of ways
90. gcc GNU project C Compiler
91. gemtopbm Convert a GEM IMG file into a portable bitmap
92. geqn Format equations for troff
93. getlist Get a list from an NNTP server
94. getopt Parse command options
95. giftopnm Convert a GIF file into a portable anymap
96. gindxbib Make inverted index for bibliographic databases
97. glookbib Search bibliographic databases
98. gnroff Emulate nroff command with groff
99. gouldtoppm Convert Gould scanner file into a portable pixmap
100. gpic Compile pictures for troff or TeX
101. gprof Display call graph profile data
102. grefer Preprocess bibliographic references for groff
103. grep Print lines matching a pattern
104. egrep Print lines matching a pattern
105. fgrep Print lines matching a pattern
106. grephistory Display filenames from Usenet history file
107. grodvi Convert groff output to TeX dvi format
108. groff Front end for the groff document formatting system
109. grog Guess options for groff command
110. grops PostScript driver for groff
111. grotty groff driver for typewriter-like devices
112. gsoelim Interpret .so requests in groff input
113. gtbl Format tables for troff
114. gtroff Format documents
115. gzip Compress or expand files
116. gunzip Compress or expand files
117. zcatgzip Compress or expand files
118. gunzip Compress or expand files
119. zcat Compress or expand files
120. gzexe Compress executable files in place
121. head Output the first part of files
122. hexdump ASCII, decimal, hexadecimal, octal dump
123. hipstopgm Convert a HIPS file into a portable graymap
124. host Look up hostnames using domain server
125. hostid Set or print system’s host ID.
126. hostname Show or set the system’s hostname
127. hpcdtoppm v0.3 Convert a Photo-CD file into a portable pixmap
128. httpd Apache Hypertext Transfer Protocol server
129. icontopbm Convert a Sun icon into a portable bitmap
130. ident Identify RCS keyword strings in files
131. ilbmtoppm Convert an ILBM file into a portable pixmap
132. imake C preprocessor interface to the make utility
133. imgtoppm Convert an Img-whatnot file into a portable pixmap
134. inews Send a Usenet article to the local news server for distribution
135. info GNU’s hypertext system
136. innconfval Get an InterNetNews configuration parameter
137. insmod Install loadable modules (aout and ELF format)
138. install Copy files and set their attributes; GNU file installer
139. installit File/directory installation tool
140. ispell Interactive spelling checking
141. buildhash Interactive spelling checking
142. munchlist Interactive spelling checking
143. findaffix Interactive spelling checking
144. tryaffix Interactive spelling checking
145. icombine Interactive spelling checking
146. ijoin Interactive spelling checking
147. join Join lines of two files on a common field
148. kill Terminate a process
149. killall Kill processes by name
150. ksyms Shows the exported kernel symbols
151. last Indicate last logins by user or terminal
152. lbxproxy LBX proxy server for the X Window system
153. lispmtopgm Convert a Lisp Machine bitmap file into PGM format
154. lkbib Search bibliographic databases
155. ln Make links between files
156. lndir Create a shadow directory of symbolic links to another directory tree
157. locate List files in databases that match a pattern
158. logger Make entries in the system log
159. login Sign on
160. look Display lines beginning with a given string
161. lpq Spool queue examination program
162. lpr Offline print
163. lprm Remove jobs from the line printer spooling queue
164. lptest Generate line printer ripple pattern
165. ls List contents of directories
166. dir List contents of directories
167. vdir List contents of directories
168. lsattr List file attributes on a Linux second extended filesystem
169. lsmod show the loaded modules
170. lynx A general-purpose distributed information browser for the World Wide Web
171. macptopbm Convert a MacPaint file into a portable bitmap
172. make GNU make utility to maintain groups of programs
173. makedepend Create dependencies in makefiles
174. makestrs Make string table C source and header(s)
175. mattrib Change MS-DOS file attribute flags
176. mbadblocks Scan an MS-DOS floppy and mark its unused bad blocks as bad
177. mcd Change MS-DOS directory
178. mcookie Generate magic cookies for xauth
179. mcopy Copy MS-DOS files to/from UNIX
180. md5sum Generate/check MD5 message digests
181. mdel Delete an MS-DOS file
182. mdeltree Remove an MS-DOS directory tree
183. mdir Display an MS-DOS directory
184. merge Three-way file merge
185. mesg Display (do not display) messages from other users
186. mformat Add an MS-DOS filesystem to a low-level formatted disk
187. mgrtopbm Convert an MGR bitmap into a portable bitmap
188. mkdir Make directories
189. mkdirhier Make a directory hierarchy
190. mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes)
191. mkmanifest Create a shell script to restore UNIX filenames
192. mknod Make special files
193. mlabel Make an MS-DOS volume label
194. mmd Make an MS-DOS subdirectory
195. mmount Mount an MS-DOS disk
196. mmove Move or rename an existing MS-DOS file or subdirectory
197. more File perusal filter for crt viewing
198. mrd Remove an MS-DOS subdirectory
199. mread Read (copy) an MS-DOS file to UNIX
200. mren Rename or move an existing MS-DOS file or subdirectory
201. mtest Test the mtools configuration files
202. mtools A collection of tools for manipulating MS-DOS files
203. mtvtoppm Convert output from the MTV or PRT ray tracers into a portable pixmap
204. mtype Display contents of an MS-DOS file
205. mv Rename files
206. mwrite Low-level write (copy) a UNIX file to MS-DOS
207. namei Follow a pathname until a terminal point is found
208. newaliases Rebuild the database for the mail aliases file
209. newgrp Log in to a new group
210. nl Number lines of files
211. nlmconv Convert object code into an NLM
212. nm List symbols from object files
213. nntpget Get Usenet articles from a remote NNTP server
214. objcopy Copy and translate object files
215. objdump Display information from object files
216. oclock Round X clock
217. od Dump files in octal and other formats
218. passwd Change password
219. paste Merge lines of files
220. pbmclean Flip isolated pixels in portable bitmap
221. pbmfilters List of all programs in the PBMPlus package
222. pbmlife Apply Conway’s Rules of Life to a portable bitmap
223. pbmmake Create a blank bitmap of a specified size
224. pbmmask Create a mask bitmap from a regular bitmap
225. pbmpscale Enlarge a portable bitmap with edge smoothing
226. pbmreduce Read a portable bitmap and reduce it N times
227. pbmtext Render text into a bitmap
228. pbmto10x Convert a portable bitmap into Gemini 10X printer graphics
229. pbmto4425 Display PBM images on an AT&T 4425 terminal
230. pbmtoascii Convert a portable bitmap into ASCII graphics
231. pbmtoatk Convert portable bitmap to Andrew Toolkit raster object
232. pbmtobg Convert a portable bitmap into BitGraph graphics
233. pbmtocmuwm Convert a portable bitmap into a CMU window manager bitmap
234. pbmtoepsi Convert a portable bitmap into an encapsulated PostScript-style preview bitmap
235. pbmtoepson Convert a portable bitmap into Epson printer graphics
236. pbmtog3 Convert a portable bitmap into a Group 3 fax file
237. pbmtogem Convert a portable bitmap into a GEM IMG file
238. pbmtogo Convert a portable bitmap into compressed GraphOn graphics
239. pbmtoicon Convert a portable bitmap into a Sun icon
240. pbmtolj Convert a portable bitmap into HP LaserJet format
241. pbmtoln03 Convert portable bitmap to DEC LN03+ Sixel output
242. pbmtolps Convert a portable bitmap to PostScript
243. pbmtomacp Convert a portable bitmap into a MacPaint file
244. pbmtomgr Convert a portable bitmap into an MGR bitmap
245. pbmtopgm Convert portable bitmap to portable graymap by averaging areas
246. pbmtopi3 Convert a portable bitmap into an Atari Degas PI3 file
247. pbmtopk Convert a portable bitmap into a packed (PK) format font
248. pbmtoplot Convert a portable bitmap into a UNIX plot(5) file
249. pbmtoptx Convert a portable bitmap into Printronix printer graphics
250. pbmtox10bm Convert a portable bitmap into an X10 bitmap
251. pbmtoxbm Convert a portable bitmap into an X11 bitmap
252. pgmtoybm Convert a portable bitmap into a Bennet Yee “face” file
253. pbmtozinc Convert a portable bitmap into a Zinc bitmap
254. pbmupc Create a Universal Product Code bitmap
255. pcxtoppm Convert a PCX file into a portable pixmap
256. pfbtops Translate a PostScript font in PFB format to ASCII
257. pgmbentley Bentleyize a portable graymap
258. pgmcrater Create cratered terrain by fractal forgery
259. pgmedge Edge detect a portable graymap
260. pgmenhance Edge enhance a portable graymap
261. pgmhist Print a histogram of the values in a portable graymap
262. pgmkernel Generate a convolution kernel
263. pgmnoise Create a graymap made up of white noise
264. pgmnorm Normalize the contrast in a portable graymap
265. pgmoil Turn a portable graymap into an oil painting
266. pgmramp Generate a grayscale ramp
267. pgmtexture Calculate textural features on a portable graymap
268. pgmtofs Convert portable graymap to Usenix FaceSaver format
269. pgmtolispm Convert a portable graymap into Lisp machine format
270. pgmtopbm Convert a portable graymap into a portable bitmap
271. pgmtoppm Colorize a portable graymap into a portable pixmap
272. pi1toppm Convert an Atari Degas PI1 into a portable pixmap
273. pi3topbm Convert an Atari Degas PI3 file into a portable bitmap
274. picttoppm Convert a Macintosh PICT file into a portable pixmap
275. pjtoppm Convert an HP PaintJet file to a portable pixmap
276. pktopbm Convert packed (PK) format font into portable bitmap(s)
277. pnmalias Antialias a portable anymap.
278. pnmarith Perform arithmetic on two portable anymaps
279. pnmcat Concatenate portable anymaps
280. pnmcomp Composite two portable anymap files together
281. pnmconvol General MxN convolution on a portable anymap
282. pnmcrop Crop a portable anymap
283. pnmcut Cut a rectangle out of a portable anymap
284. pnmdepth Change the maxval in a portable anymap
285. pnmenlarge Read a portable anymap and enlarge it N times
286. pnmfile Describe a portable anymap
287. pnmflip Perform one or more flip operations on a portable anymap
288. pnmgamma Perform gamma correction on a portable anymap
289. pnmhistmap Draw a histogram for a PGM or PPM file
290. pnmindex Build a visual index of a bunch of anymaps
291. pnminvert Invert a portable anymap
292. pnmmargin Add a border to a portable anymap
293. pnmnlfilt Nonlinear filters: smooth, alpha trim mean, optimal estimation
smoothing, edge enhancement
294. pnmnoraw Force a portable anymap into plain format
295. pnmpad Add borders to portable anymap
296. pnmpaste Paste a rectangle into a portable anymap
297. pnmrotate Rotate a portable anymap by some angle
298. pnmscale Scale a portable anymap
299. pnmshear Shear a portable anymap by some angle
300. pnmsmooth Smooth out an image
301. pnmtile Replicate a portable anymap into a specified size
302. pnmtoddif Convert a portable anymap to DDIF format
303. pnmtofits Convert a portable anymap into FITS format
304. pnmtops Convert portable anymap to PostScript
305. pnmtorast Convert a portable pixmap into a Sun raster file
306. pnmtosgi Convert a portable anymap to an SGI image file
307. pnmtosir Convert a portable anymap into a Solitaire format
308. pnmtotiff Convert a portable anymap into a TIFF file
309. pnmtoxwd Convert a portable anymap into an X11 window dump
310. ppm3d Convert two portable pixmap into a red/blue 3D glasses pixmap
311. ppmbrighten Change an image’s saturation and value from an HSV map
312. ppmchange Change all pixels of one color to another in a portable pixmap
313. ppmdim Dim a portable pixmap down to total blackness
314. ppmdist Simplistic grayscale assignment for machine-generated color images
315. ppmdither Ordered dither for color images
316. ppmflash Brighten a picture up to complete white-out
317. ppmforge Fractal forgeries of clouds, planets, and starry skies
318. ppmhist Print a histogram of a portable pixmap
319. ppmmake Create a pixmap of a specified size and color
320. ppmmix Blend together two portable pixmaps
321. ppmnorm Normalize the contrast in a portable pixmap
322. ppmntsc Make a portable pixmap look like it is taken from an American TV show
323. ppmpat Make a pretty pixmap
324. ppmquant Quantize the colors in a portable pixmap down to a specified number
325. ppmquantall Run ppmquant on a bunch of files all at once, so they share a common colormap
326. ppmqvga 8-plane quantization
327. ppmrelief Run a Laplacian relief filter on a portable pixmap
328. ppmshift Shift lines of a portable pixmap left or right by a random amount
329. ppmspread Displace a portable pixmap’s pixels by a random amount
330. ppmtoacad Convert portable pixmap to AutoCAD database or slide
331. ppmtobmp Convert a portable pixmap into a BMP file
332. ppmtogif Convert a portable pixmap into a GIF file
333. ppmtoicr Convert a portable pixmap into NCSA ICR format
334. ppmtoilbm Convert a portable pixmap into an ILBM file
335. ppmtomap Extract all colors from a portable pixmap
336. ppmtomitsu Convert a portable pixmap to a Mitsubishi S340-10 file
337. ppmtopcx Convert a portable pixmap into a PCX file
338. ppmtopgm Convert a portable pixmap into a portable graymap
339. ppmtopi1 Convert a portable pixmap into an Atari Degas PI1 file
340. ppmtopict Convert a portable pixmap into a Macintosh PICT file
341. ppmtopj Convert a portable pixmap to an HP PaintJet file
342. ppmtopjxl Convert a portable pixmap into an HP PaintJet XL PCL file
343. ppmtopuzz Convert a portable pixmap into an X11 puzzle file
344. ppmtorgb3 Separate a portable pixmap into three portable graymaps
345. ppmtosixel Convert a portable pixmap into DEC sixel format
346. ppmtotga Convert portable pixmap into a TrueVision Targa file
347. ppmtouil Convert a portable pixmap into a Motif UIL icon file
348. ppmtoxpm Convert a portable pixmap into an X11 pixmap
349. ppmtoyuv Convert a portable pixmap into an Abekas YUV file
350. ppmtoyuvsplit Convert a portable pixmap into three subsampled raw YUV files
351. pr Convert text files for printing
352. ps Report process status
353. psbb Extract bounding box from PostScript document
354. psidtopgm Convert PostScript image data into a portable graymap
355. pstopnm Convert a PostScript file into a portable anymap
356. pstree Display a tree of processes
357. psupdate Update the ps database of kernel offsets
358. qrttoppm Convert output from the QRT ray tracer into a portable pixmap
359. quota Display disk usage and limits
360. ranlib Generate index to archive
361. rasttopnm Convert a Sun raster file into a portable anymap
362. rawtopgm Convert raw grayscale bytes into a portable graymap
363. rawtoppm Convert raw RGB bytes into a portable pixmap
364. rcp Remote file copy
365. rcs Change RCS file attributes
366. rcsclean Clean up working files
367. rcsdiff Compare rcs revisions
368. rcsfreeze Freeze a configuration of sources checked in under RCS
369. rcsintro Introduction to rcs commands
370. rcsmerge Merge RCS revisions
371. rdist Remote file distribution program
372. reconfig Convert old Xconfig to new XF86Config
373. ref Display a C function header
374. reset Reset the terminal
375. resize Set TERMCAP and terminal settings to current xterm window size
376. rev Reverse lines of a file
377. rgb3toppm Combine three portable graymaps into one portable pixmap
378. rlog Print log messages and other information about RCS files
379. rlogin Remote login
380. rm Remove files
381. rmdir Remove empty directories
382. rmmod Unload loadable modules
383. rnews Receive news from a UUCP connection
384. rpcgen An RPC protocol compiler
385. rsh Remote shell
386. rstart A sample implementation of a Remote Start client
387. rstartd A sample implementation of a Remote Start rsh helper
388. rup Remote status display
389. rusers Output who is logged in to machines on local network
390. rwall Send a message to users logged on a host
391. rwho Output who is logged in on local machines
392. script Make typescript of terminal session
393. sed Stream-oriented editor
394. sessreg Manage utmp/wtmp entries for non-init clients
395. setterm Set terminal attributes
396. sgitopnm Convert an SGI image file to a portable anymap
397. shar Create shell archives
398. shlock Create lock files for use in shell scripts
399. showrgb Uncompile an RGB colorname database
400. shrinkfile Shrink a file on a line boundary
401. sirtopnm Convert a Solitaire file into a portable anymap
402. size List section sizes and total size
403. sldtoppm Convert an AutoCAD slide file into a portable pixmap
404. smproxy Session Manager Proxy
405. sort Sort lines of text files
406. spctoppm Convert an Atari compressed Spectrum file into a portable pixmap
407. split Split a file into pieces
408. spottopgm Convert SPOT satellite images to portable graymap format
409. sputoppm Convert an Atari uncompressed Spectrum file into a portable pixmap
410. sq Squeeze a sorted word list
411. unsq Unsqueeze a sorted word list
412. startx Initialize an X session
413. strings Print the strings of printable characters in files
414. strip Discard symbols from object files
415. subst Substitute definitions into file(s)
416. sum Checksum and count the blocks in a file
417. SuperProbe Probe for and identify installed video hardware
418. tac Concatenate and print files in reverse
419. tail Output the last part of files
420. talk Talk to another user
421. tcal Runs the gcal program with the date of tomorrow’s day
422. telnet User interface to the Telnet protocol
423. tfmtodit Create font files for use with groff -Tdvi
424. tftp Trivial file transfer program
425. tgatoppm Convert TrueVision Targa file into a portable pixmap
426. tifftopnm Convert a TIFF file into a portable anymap
427. tin A Netnews reader
428. rtin A Netnews reader
429. cdtin A Netnews reader
430. tind A Netnews reader
431. tload Graphic representation of system load average
432. top Display top CPU processes
433. touch Change file timestamps
434. tr Translate or delete characters
435. tset Terminal initialization
436. reset Terminal initialization
437. tsort Topological sort of a directed graph
438. twm Tab Window Manager for the X Window System
439. txt2gcal Creates a verbatim gcal resource file from a text file
440. ul Do underlining
441. unexpand Convert spaces to tabs
442. uniq Remove duplicate lines from a sorted file
443. unshar Unpack a shar file
444. updatedb Update a filename database
445. uptime Tell how long the system has been running
446. userlist User listing of who’s on your system
447. uucp UNIX-to-UNIX copy
448. uuencode Encode a binary file
449. uustat uucp status inquiry and control
450. uux Remote command execution over uucp
451. uuxqt uucp execution daemon
452. w Present who users are and what they are doing
453. wall Write a message to users
454. wc Print the number of bytes, words, and lines in files
455. whereis Locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command
456. write Send a message to another user
457. x11perf X11 server performance test program
458. x11perfcomp X11 server performance comparison program
459. xargs Build and execute command lines from standard input
460. xauth X authority file utility
461. xbmtopbm Convert an X11 or X10 bitmap into a portable bitmap
462. xcmsdb Device Color Characterization utility for X Color Management System
463. xclock Analog/digital clock for X
464. xclipboard X clipboard client
465. xconsole Monitor system console messages with X
466. xcutsel Interchange between cut buffer and selection
467. xdm X Display Manager with support for XDMCP, host chooser
468. xdpyinfo Display information utility for X
469. Xf86_Accel Accelerated X Window System servers for UNIX on x86 platforms with
an S3, Mach8, Mach32, Mach64, P9000, AGX, ET4000/W32, or 8514/A accelerator board
470. XF86_Mono 1-bit nonaccelerated X Window System servers for UNIX on x86 platforms
471. XF86_SVGA Nonaccelerated SVGA X Window System servers for UNIX on x86 platforms
472. XF86_VGA 4-bit nonaccelerated X Window System server for UNIX on x86 platforms
473. xf86config Generate an XF86Config file
474. xfd Display all the characters in an X font
475. XFree86 X11R6 for UNIX on x86 platforms
476. xfs X font server
477. xhost Server access control program for X
478. xieperf XIE server extension test and demo program
479. ximtoppm Convert an XIM file into a portable pixmap
480. xinetd The extended Internet services daemon
481. xinit X Window System initializer
482. xkill Kill a client by its X resource
483. xlogo X Window System logo
484. xlsatoms List interned atoms defined on server
485. xlsclients List client applications running on a display
486. xlsfonts Server font list displayer for X
487. xmag Magnify parts of the screen
488. xmkmf Create a Makefile from an Imakefile
489. xmodmap Utility for modifying keymaps in X
490. xon Start an X program on a remote machine
491. xpmtoppm Convert an X11 pixmap into a portable pixmap
492. xprop Property displayer for X
493. xrdb X server resource database utility
494. xrefresh Refresh all or part of an X screen
495. Xserver X Window System display server
496. xset User preference utility for X
497. xsetroot Root window parameter setting utility for X
498. xsm X Session Manager
499. xsmclient X session manager tester
500. xstdcmap X standard colormap utility
501. xterm Terminal emulator for X
502. Xvfb Virtual framebuffer X server for X Version 11
503. xvidtune Video mode tuner for XFree86
504. xvminitoppm Convert an XV thumbnail picture to PPM
505. xwd Dump an image of an X window
506. xwdtopnm Convert an X11 or X10 window dump file into a portable anymap
507. xwininfo Window information utility for X
508. xwud Image displayer for X
509. ybmtopbm Convert a Bennet Yee “face” file into a portable bitmap
510. ytalk A multiuser chat program.
511. yuvplittoppm Convert a Y-, a U-, and a V- file into a portable pixmap.
512. yuvtoppm Convert Abekas YUV bytes into a portable pixmap
513. zcmp Compare compressed files
514. zdiff Compare compressed files
515. zeisstopnm Convert a Zeiss confocal file into a portable anymap
516. zforce Force a .gz extension on all gzip files
517. zgrep Search possibly compressed files for a regular expression
518. zmore File perusal filter for crt viewing of compressed text
519. znew Recompress Z files to GZ files

System Calls

1. exit Terminate the current process

2. accept Accept a connection on a socket
3. access Checks user’s permissions for a file
4. acct Switches process accounting on or off
5. adjtimex Tunes kernel clock
6. alarm Sets an alarm clock for delivery of a signal
7. bdflush Starts, flushes, or tunes the buffer-dirty-flush daemon
8. bind Binds a name to a socket
9. brk Change data segment size
10. sbrk Change data segment size
11. cacheflush Flushes contents of the instruction and/or data cache
12. chdir Changes the working directory
13. fchdir Changes the working directory
14. chmod Changes permissions of a file
15. fchmod Changes permissions of a file
16. chown Changes ownership of a file
17. fchown Changes ownership of a file
18. chroot Changes root directory
19. clone Creates a child process
20. close Closes a file descriptor
21. connect Initiates a connection on a socket
22. dup Duplicate a file descriptor
23. dup2 Duplicate a file descriptor
24. execve Execute program
25. fcntl Manipulate file descriptor
26. fdatasync Synchronizes a file’s in-core data with that on disk
27. flock Applies or removes an advisory lock on an open file
28. fork Creates a child process
29. vfork Creates a child process
30. fsync Synchronizes a file’s complete in-core state with that on disk
31. getdents Gets directory entries
32. getdomainname Gets/sets domain name
33. setdomainname Gets/sets domain name
34. getdtablesize Gets descriptor table size
35. getgid Gets group identity
36. getegid Gets group identity
37. getgroups Gets/sets group access list
38. setgroups Gets/sets group access list
39. gethostid Gets/sets the unique identifier of the current host
40. sethostid Gets/sets the unique identifier of the current host
41. gethostname Gets/sets hostname
42. sethostname Gets/sets hostname
43. getitimer Gets/sets value of an interval timer
44. setitimer Gets/sets value of an interval timer
45. getpagesize Gets system page size
46. getpeername Gets the name of the connected peer
47. getpid Gets process identification
48. getppid Gets process identification
49. getpriority Gets/sets program scheduling priority
50. setpriority Gets/sets program scheduling priority
51. getrlimit Get/set resource limits and usage
52. getrusage Get/set resource limits and usage
53. setrlimit Get/set resource limits and usage
54. getsid Gets session ID
55. getsockname Gets socket name
56. getsockopt Get and set options on sockets
57. setsockopt Get and set options on sockets
58. gettimeofday Get/set time
59. settimeofday Get/set time
60. getuid Get user identity
61. geteuid Get user identity
62. idle Makes process 0 idle
63. ioctl Controls devices
64. ioperm Sets port input/output permissions
65. iopl Changes I/O privilege level
66. ipc System V IPC system calls
67. kill Sends signal to a process
68. killpg Sends signal to a process group
69. link Makes a new name for a file
70. listen Listens for connections on a socket
71. llseek Repositions the read/write file offset
72. lseek Repositions read/write file offset
73. mkdir Creates a directory
74. mknod Creates a directory
75. mlock Disables paging for some parts of memory
76. mlockall Disables paging for calling process
77. mmap Map or unmap files or devices into memory
78. munmap Map or unmap files or devices into memory
79. modify_ldt Gets or sets ldt
80. get_kernel_syms Loadable module support
81. create_module Loadable module support
82. init_module Loadable module support
83. delete_module Loadable module support
84. mount Mount filesystems
85. umount unmount filesystems
86. mprotect Controls allowable accesses to a region of memory
87. mremap Remaps a virtual memory address
88. msgctl Handles message control operations
89. msgget Gets a message queue identifier
90. msgop Completes message operations
91. msync Synchronizes a file with a memory map
92. munlock Reenables paging for some parts of memory
93. munlockall Reenables paging for calling process
94. nanosleep Pauses execution for a specified time
95. nice Changes process priority
96. oldfstat Obsolete system calls
97. oldlstat Obsolete system calls
98. oldstat Obsolete system calls
99. oldolduname Obsolete system calls
100. olduname Obsolete system calls
101. open Open a file or device
102. creat create a file or device
103. outb Port output
104. outw Port output
105. outl Port output
106. outsb Port output
107. outsw Port output
108. outsl Port output
109. inb Port input
110. inw Port input
111. inl Port input
112. insb Port input
113. insw Port input
114. insl Port input
115. outb_p Pause I/O
116. outw_p Pause I/O
117. outl_p Pause I/O
118. inb_p Pause I/O
119. inw_p Pause I/O
120. inl_p Pause I/O
121. pause Waits for signal
122. personality Sets the process execution domain
123. phys Allows a process to access physical addresses (this command is not implemented
124. pipe Creates a pipe
125. profil Execution time profile
126. ptrace Process trace
127. quotactl Manipulates disk quotas
128. read Reads from a file descriptor
129. readdir Reads directory entry
130. readlink Reads value of a symbolic link
131. readv Reads a vector
132. writev writes a vector
133. reboot Reboots or disables Ctrl+Alt+Del
134. recv Receives a message from a socket
135. recvfrom Receives a message from a socket
136. recvmsg Receives a message from a socket
137. rename Changes the name or location of a file
138. rmdir Deletes a directory
139. sched_get_priority_max Gets static priority range
140. sched_get_priority_min Gets static priority range
141. sched_rr_get_interval Gets the SCHED_RR interval for the named process
142. sched_setparam Sets scheduling parameters
143. sched_getparam get scheduling parameters
144. sched_setscheduler Sets scheduling algorithm/parameters
145. sched_getscheduler gets scheduling algorithm/parameters
146. sched_yield Yields the processor
147. select Synchronous I/O multiplexing
148. FD_CLR Synchronous I/O multiplexing
149. FD_ISSET Synchronous I/O multiplexing
150. FD_SET Synchronous I/O multiplexing
151. FD_ZERO Synchronous I/O multiplexing
152. semctl Semaphore-control operations
153. semget Gets a semaphore set identifier
154. semop Semaphore operations
155. send Sends a message from a socket
156. sendto Sends a message from a socket
157. sendmsg Sends a message from a socket
158. setfsgid Sets group identity used for filesystem checks
159. setfsuid Sets user identity used for filesystem checks
160. setgid Sets group identity
161. setpgid Sets process group
162. getpgid gets process group
163. setpgrp Sets process group
164. getpgrp gets process group
165. setregid Sets real and/or effective group ID
166. setegid Sets real and/or effective group ID
167. setreuid Sets real and / or effective user ID
168. seteuid Sets real and / or effective user ID
169. setsid Creates a session and sets the process group ID
170. setuid Sets user identity
171. setup Sets up devices and filesystems, mount root filesystem
172. shmctl Shared memory control
173. shmget Allocates a shared memory segment
174. shmop Shared memory operations
175. shutdown Shuts down part of a full-duplex connection
176. sigaction POSIX signal-handling functions
177. sigprocmask POSIX signal-handling functions
178. sigpending POSIX signal-handling functions
179. sigsuspend POSIX signal-handling functions
180. signal ANSI C signal handling
181. sigblock Manipulate the signal mask
182. siggetmask Manipulate the signal mask
183. sigsetmask Manipulate the signal mask
184. sigmask Manipulate the signal mask
185. sigpause Atomically releases blocked signals and waits for interrupt
186. sigreturn Returns from the signal handler and cleans up the stack frame
187. sigvec BSD software signal facilities
188. socket Creates an endpoint for communication
189. socketcall Socket system calls
190. socketpair Creates a pair of connected sockets
191. stat Get file status
192. fstat Get file status
193. lstat Get file status
194. statfs Get filesystem statistics
195. fstatfs Get filesystem statistics
196. stime Set time
197. swapon Start swapping to file/device
198. swapoff stop swapping to file/device
199. symlink Makes a new name for a file
200. sync Commits buffer cache to disk
201. sysctl Reads/writes system parameters
202. sysfs Gets filesystem type information
203. sysinfo Returns information on overall system statistics
204. syslog Reads and/or clears kernel message ring buffer; sets console_loglevel
205. termios Get and set terminal attributes, do line control, get and set baud rate, get
and set terminal foreground process group ID
206. tcgetattr Get and terminal attributes
207. tcsetattr set terminal attributes
208. tcsendbreak do line control
209. tcdrain do line control
210. tcflush do line control
211. tcflow do line control
212. cfgetospeed get baud rate
213. cfgetispeed get baud rate
214. cfsetispeed set baud rate
215. cfsetospeed set baud rate
216. tcgetpgrp get terminal foreground process group ID
217. tcsetpgrp set terminal foreground process group ID
218. time Gets time in seconds
219. times Gets process times
220. truncate Truncate a file to a specified length
221. ftruncate Truncate a file to a specified length
222. umask Sets a file-creation mask
223. uname Gets name and information about the current kernel
224. none Undocumented system calls
225. afs_syscall Unimplemented system calls
226. break Unimplemented system calls
227. gtty Unimplemented system calls
228. lock Unimplemented system calls
229. mpx Unimplemented system calls
230. prof Unimplemented system calls
231. quotactl Unimplemented system calls
232. stty Unimplemented system calls
233. ustat Unimplemented system calls
234. unlink Deletes a name and possibly the file it refers to
235. uselib Selects shared library
236. ustat Gets filesystem statistics
237. utime Change access and/or modification times of an inode
238. utimes Change access and/or modification times of an inode
239. vhangup Virtually hangs up the current tty
240. vm86 Enters virtual 8086 mode
241. wait Wait for process termination
242. waitpid Wait for process termination
243. wait3 Wait for process termination, BSD style
244. wait4 Wait for process termination, BSD style
245. write Writes to a file descriptor
 Library Functions

1. Abort Causes abnormal program termination

2. abs Computes the absolute value of an integer
3. acosh Inverse hyperbolic cosine function
4. alloca Memory allocator
5. asin Arc sine function
6. asinh Inverse hyperbolic sine function
7. assert Abort the program if assertion is false
8. atan Arc tangent function
9. atan2 Arc tangent function of two variables
10. atanh Inverse hyperbolic tangent function
11. atexit Register a function to be called at normal program termination
12. atof Convert a string to a double
13. atoi Convert a string to an integer
14. atol Convert a string to a long integer
15. bcmp Compare byte strings
16. bcopy Copy byte strings
17. bsearch Binary search of a sorted array
18. bcmp Byte string operations
19. bcopy Byte string operations
20. bzero Byte string operations
21. memccpy Byte string operations
22. memchr Byte string operations
23. memcmp Byte string operations
24. memcpy Byte string operations
25. memfrob Byte string operations
26. memmem Byte string operations
27. memmove Byte string operations
28. memset Byte string operations
29. htonl Convert values between host and network byte order
30. htons Convert values between host and network byte order
31. ntohl Convert values between host and network byte order
32. ntohs Convert values between host and network byte order
33. bzero Writes 0s to a byte string
34. catgets Gets message from a message catalog
35. catopen Open a message catalog
36. catclose close a message catalog
37. ceil Smallest integral value not less than x
38. clientlib NNTP clientlib part of InterNetNews library
39. clock Determine processor time
40. closedir Close a directory
41. confstr Get configuration-dependent string variables
42. copysign Copies the sign of a number
43. cos Cosine function
44. cosh Hyperbolic cosine function
45. crypt Password and data encryption
46. ctermid Gets controlling terminal name
47. asctime Transform binary date and time to ASCII
48. ctime Transform binary date and time to ASCII
49. gmtime Transform binary date and time to ASCII
50. localtime Transform binary date and time to ASCII
51. mktime Transform binary date and time to ASCII
52. difftime Calculates time difference
53. div Computes the quotient and remainder of integer division
54. drand48 Generate uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers
55. erand48 Generate uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers
56. lrand48 Generate uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers
57. nrand48 Generate uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers
58. mrand48 Generate uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers
59. jrand48 Generate uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers
60. srand48 Generate uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers
61. seed48 Generate uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers
62. lcong48 Generate uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers
63. drem Floating-point remainder function
64. ecvt Convert a floating-point number to a string
65. fcvt Convert a floating-point number to a string
66. erf Error function and complementary error function
67. erfc Error function and complementary error function
68. execl Execute a file
69. execlp Execute a file
70. execle Execute a file
71. exect Execute a file
72. execv Execute a file
73. execvp Execute a file
74. errno Execute a file
75. exit Causes normal program termination
76. exp Exponential, logarithmic, and power functions
77. log Exponential, logarithmic, and power functions
78. log10 Exponential, logarithmic, and power functions
79. pow Exponential, logarithmic, and power functions
80. expm1 Exponential minus 1
81. log1p logarithm of 1 plus argument
82. fabs Absolute value of floating-point number
83. fclose Closes a stream
84. clearerr Check and reset stream status
85. feof Check and reset stream status
86. ferror Check and reset stream status
87. fileno Check and reset stream status
88. fflush Flush a stream
89. fpurge Flush a stream
90. ffs Finds first bit set in a word
91. fgetgrent Gets group file entry
92. fgetpwent Gets password file entry
93. floor Largest integral value not greater than x
94. fmod Floating-point remainder function
95. fnmatch Matches filename or pathname
96. fopen Stream open functions
97. fdopen Stream open functions
98. freopen Stream open functions
99. fpathconf Get configuration values for files
100. pathconf Get configuration values for files
101. fread Binary stream input/output
102. fwrite Binary stream input/output
103. frexp Converts floating-point number to fractional and integral components
104. fgetpos Reposition a stream
105. fseek Reposition a stream
106. fsetpos Reposition a stream
107. ftell Reposition a stream
108. rewind Reposition a stream
109. ftime Returns date and time
110. ftok Converts a pathname and a project identifier to a System V IPC key
111. ftw File tree walk
112. gcvt Converts a floating-point number to a string
113. getcwd Get current working directory
114. get_current_dir_name Get current working directory
115. getwd Get current working directory
116. getdirentries Gets directory entries in a filesystem-independent format
117. getenv Gets an environment variable
118. getgrent Get group file entry
119. setgrent Get group file entry
120. endgrent Get group file entry
121. getgrnam Get group file entry
122. getgrgid Get group file entry
123. getlogin Get username
124. cuserid Get username
125. getmntent Get filesystem descriptor file entry
126. setmntent Get filesystem descriptor file entry
127. addmntent Get filesystem descriptor file entry
128. endmntent Get filesystem descriptor file entry
129. hasmntopt Get filesystem descriptor file entry
130. getnetent Get network entry
131. getnetbyaddr Get network entry
132. getnetbyname Get network entry
133. setnetent Get network entry
134. endnetent Get network entry
135. getopt Parses command-line options
136. getpass Gets a password
137. getprotoent Get protocol entry
138. getprotobyname Get protocol entry
139. getprotobynumber Get protocol entry
140. setprotoent Get protocol entry
141. endprotoent Get protocol entry
142. getpw Reconstructs password line entry
143. getpwent get password file entry
144. setpwent get password file entry
145. endpwent get password file entry
146. getpwnam Get password file entry
147. getpwuid Get password file entry
148. fgetc Input of characters and strings
149. fgets Input of characters and strings
150. getc Input of characters and strings
151. getchar Input of characters and strings
152. gets Input of characters and strings
153. ungetc Input of characters and strings
154. getservent Get service entry
155. getservbyname Get service entry
156. getservbyport Get service entry
157. setservent Get service entry
158. endservent Get service entry
159. getusershell Get legal user shells
160. setusershell Get legal user shells
161. endusershell Get legal user shells
162. getutent Access utmp file entries
163. getutid Access utmp file entries
164. getutline Access utmp file entries
165. pututline Access utmp file entries
166. setutent Access utmp file entries
167. endutent Access utmp file entries
168. utmpname Access utmp file entries
169. getw Input and output of words (ints
170. putw Input and output of words (ints
171. glob Find pathnames matching a pattern; free memory from glob()
172. globfree Find pathnames matching a pattern; free memory from glob()
173. hosts_access Access-control library functions
174. hosts_ctl Access-control library functions
175. hcreate Hash table management
176. hdestroy Hash table management
177. hsearch Hash table management
178. hypot Euclidean distance function
179. index Locate character in string
180. rindex Locate character in string
181. inet_aton Internet address–manipulation
182. inet_addr Internet address–manipulation
183. inet_network Internet address–manipulation
184. inet_ntoa Internet address–manipulation
185. inet_makeaddr Internet address–manipulation
186. inet_lnaof Internet address–manipulation
187. inet_netof Internet address–manipulation
188. infnan Deals with infinite or not-a-number (NaN) result
189. initgroups Initializes the supplementary group access list
190. inndcomm INND communication part of InterNetNews library
191. insque Insert an item from a queue
192. remque Remove an item from a queue
193. isalnum Character classification routines
194. isalpha Character classification routines
195. isascii Character classification routines
196. isblank Character classification routines
197. iscntrl Character classification routines
198. isdigit Character classification routines
199. isgraph Character classification routines
200. islower Character classification routines
201. isprint Character classification routines
202. ispunct Character classification routines
203. isspace Character classification routines
204. isupper Character classification routines
205. isxdigit Character classification routines
206. isatty Tests whether this descriptor refers to a terminal
207. isinf Test for infinity or not-a-number (NaN
208. isnan Test for infinity or not-a-number (NaN
209. finite Test for infinity or not-a-number (NaN
210. j0 Bessel functions
211. j1 Bessel functions
212. jn Bessel functions
213. y0 Bessel functions
214. y1 Bessel functions
215. yn Bessel functions
216. killpg Sends a signal to all members of a process group
217. labs Computes the absolute value of a long integer
218. ldexp Multiplies floating-point number by integral power of 2
219. ldiv Computes the quotient and remainder of long integer division
220. lgamma Logs gamma function
221. libinn InterNetNews library routines
222. libpbm Functions to support portable bitmap programs
223. libpgm Functions to support portable graymap programs
224. libpnm Functions to support portable anymap programs
225. libppm Functions to support portable pixmap programs
226. localeconv Gets numeric formatting information
227. longjmp Nonlocal jump to a saved stack context
228. lfind Linear search of an array
229. lsearch Linear search of an array
230. calloc Allocate and free dynamic memory
231. malloc Allocate and free dynamic memory
232. free Allocate and free dynamic memory
233. realloc Allocate and free dynamic memory
234. mblen Determines the number of bytes in a character
235. mbstowcs Converts a multibyte string to a wide character string
236. mbtowc Converts a multibyte character to a wide character
237. memccpy Copies memory area
238. memchr Scans memory for a character
239. memcmp Compares memory areas
240. memcpy Copies memory area
241. memfrob Frobnicates (encrypts) a memory area
242. memmem Locates a substring
243. memmove Copies memory area
244. memset Fills memory with a constant byte
245. mkfifo Makes a FIFO special file (a named pipe
246. mkstemp Creates a unique temporary file
247. mktemp Makes a unique temporary filename
248. modf Extracts signed integral and fractional values from floating-point number
249. asctime Convert date and time to ASCII
250. ctime Convert date and time to ASCII
251. difftime Convert date and time to ASCII
252. gmtime Convert date and time to ASCII
253. localtime Convert date and time to ASCII
254. mktime Convert date and time to ASCII
255. tzset Initializes time conversion information
256. on_exit Registers a function to be called at normal program termination
257. opendir Opens a directory
258. parsedate Converts time and date string to number
259. perror Prints a system error message
260. popen Process I/O
261. pclose Process I/O
262. printf Formatted output conversion
263. fprintf Formatted output conversion
264. sprintf Formatted output conversion
265. snprintf Formatted output conversion
266. vprintf Formatted output conversion
267. vfprintf Formatted output conversion
268. vsprintf Formatted output conversion
269. vsnprintf Formatted output conversion
270. psignal Prints signal message
271. putenv Changes or adds an environment variable
272. putpwent Writes a password file entry
273. fputc Output of characters and strings
274. fputs Output of characters and strings
275. putc Output of characters and strings
276. putchar Output of characters and strings
277. puts Output of characters and strings
278. qio Quick I/O part of InterNetNews library
279. qsort Sorts an array
280. raise Sends a signal to the current process
281. rand Random number generator
282. srand Random number generator
283. random Random number generator
284. srandom Random number generator
285. initstate Random number generator
286. setstate Random number generator
287. readdir Reads a directory
288. readv Reads or writes data into multiple buffers
289. writev Reads or writes data into multiple buffers
290. realpath v Returns the canonicalized absolute pathname
291. Re_comp BSD regex functions
292. re_exec BSD regex functions
293. regcomp POSIX regex functions
294. regexec POSIX regex functions
295. regerror POSIX regex functions
296. regfree POSIX regex functions
297. remove Deletes a name and possibly the file to which it refers
298. res_query Resolver routines
299. res_search Resolver routines
300. res_mkquery Resolver routines
301. res_send Resolver routines
302. res_init Resolver routines
303. dn_comp Resolver routines
304. dn_expand Resolver routines
305. rewinddir Resets directory stream
306. rint Rounds to closest integer
307. rquota Implements quotas on remote machines
308. scandir Scan a directory for matching entries
309. alphasort Scan a directory for matching entries
310. scanf Input format conversion
311. fscanf Input format conversion
312. sscanf Input format conversion
313. vscanf Input format conversion
314. vsscanf Input format conversion
315. vfscanf Input format conversion
316. seekdir Sets the position of the next readdir() call in the directory stream.
317. setbuf Stream buffering operations
318. setbuffer Stream buffering operations
319. setlinebuf Stream buffering operations
320. setvbuf Stream buffering operations
321. setenv Changes or adds an environment variable
322. setjmp Saves stack context for nonlocal goto
323. setlocale Sets the current locale
324. siginterrupt Allows signals to interrupt system calls
325. sigemptyset POSIX signal set operations
326. sigfillset POSIX signal set operations
327. sigaddset POSIX signal set operations
328. sigdelset POSIX signal set operations
329. sigismember POSIX signal set operations
330. sin Sine function
331. sinh Hyperbolic sine function
332. sleep Sleeps for the specified number of seconds
333. snprintf Formatted output conversion
334. vsnprintf Formatted output conversion
335. sqrt Square root function
336. stdarg Variable argument lists
337. stdio Standard input/output library functions
338. stpcpy Copies a string returning a pointer to its end
339. strcasecmp Compare two strings, ignoring case
340. strncasecmp Compare two strings, ignoring case
341. strcat Concatenate two strings
342. strncat Concatenate two strings
343. strchr Locate character in string
344. strrchr Locate character in string
345. strcmp Compare two strings
346. strncmp Compare two strings
347. strcoll Compares two strings using the current locale
348. strcpy Copy a string
349. strncpy Copy a string
350. strdup Duplicates a string
351. strerror Returns string describing error code
352. strfry Randomizes a string
353. strftime Formats date and time
354. strcasecmp String operations
355. strcat String operations
356. strchr String operations
357. strcmp String operations
358. strcoll String operations
359. strcpy String operations
360. strcspn String operations
361. strdup String operations
362. strfry String operations
363. strlen String operations
364. strncat String operations
365. strncmp String operations
366. strncpy String operations
367. strncasecmp String operations
368. strpbrk String operations
369. strrchr String operations
370. strsep String operations
371. strspn String operations
372. strstr String operations
373. strtok String operations
374. strxfrm String operations
375. index String operations
376. rindex String operations
377. strlen Calculates the length of a string
378. strpbrk Searches a string for any of a set of characters
379. strptime Converts a string representation of time to a time tm structure
380. strsep Extracts token from string
381. strsignal Returns string describing signal
382. strspn Search a string for a set of characters
383. strcspn Search a string for a set of characters
384. strstr Locates a substring
385. strtod Converts ASCII string to double
386. strtok Extracts token from string
387. strtol Converts a string to a long integer
388. strtoul Converts a string to an unsigned long integer
389. strxfrm String transformation
390. swab Swaps adjacent bytes
391. sysconf Gets configuration information at runtime
392. closelog Send messages to the system logger
393. openlog Send messages to the system logger
394. syslog Send messages to the system logger
395. system Executes a shell command
396. tan Tangent function
397. tanh Hyperbolic tangent function
398. telldir Returns current location in directory stream
399. tempnam Creates a name for a temporary file
400. termios Get and set terminal attributes, line control, get and set baud rate, get and
set terminal foreground process group ID
401. tcgetattr Get terminal attributes
402. tcsetattr set terminal attributes
403. tcsendbreak line control
404. tcdrain line control
405. tcflush line control
406. tcflow line control
407. cfmakeraw line control
408. cfgetospeed get baud rate
409. cfgetispeed get baud rate
410. cfsetispeed set baud rate
411. cfsetospeed set baud rate
412. tcgetpgrp get terminal foreground process group ID
413. tcsetpgrp set terminal foreground process group ID
414. tmpfile Creates a temporary file
415. tmpnam Creates a name for a temporary file
416. toascii Converts character to ASCII
417. toupper Convert letter to uppercase or lowercase
418. tolower Convert letter to uppercase or lowercase
419. tsearch Manage a binary tree
420. tfind Manage a binary tree
421. tdelete Manage a binary tree
422. twalk Manage a binary tree
423. ttyname Returns name of a terminal
424. tzset Initializes time conversion information
425. none Undocumented library functions
426. usleep Suspends execution for interval of microseconds
427. wcstombs Converts a wide character string to a multibyte character string
428. wctomb Converts a wide character to a multibyte character

Special Files

1. charsets Programmer’s view of character sets and internationalization

2. console Console terminal and virtual consoles
3. console_codes Linux console escape and control sequences
4. console ioctls Ioctls for console terminal and virtual consoles
5. fd Floppy disk device
6. hd MFM/IDE hard disk device
7. ispell Format of ispell dictionaries and affix files
8. lp Line printer devices
9. mem System memory
10. kmem kernel memory
11. port system ports
12. mouse Serial mouse interface
13. null Data sink
14. zero Data sink
15. ram Ram disk device
16. sd Driver for SCSI disk drives
17. st SCSI tape device
18. tty Controlling terminal.
19. ttys Serial terminal lines.
20. vcs Virtual console memory
21. vcsa Virtual console memory

File Formats

1. active List of active Usenet newsgroups

2. active.times List of active Usenet newsgroups
3. adduser.conf Configuration file for adduser(8) and addgroup(8).
4. aliases Aliases file for sendmail
5. cfingerd Configurable finger daemon
6. cfingerd.conf Configurable finger daemon configuration file.
7. control.ctl Specify handling of Usenet control messages
8. cvs Concurrent Versions System support files
9. DEVINFO Device entry database
10. Environ User environment.
11. expire.ctl Control file for Usenet article expiration
12. exports NFS filesystems being exported
13. filesystems Linux filesystem types: minix, ext, ext2, xia, msdos, umsdos, vfat,
proc, nfs, iso9660, hpfs, sysv, smb, ncpfs.
14. fstab Static information about the filesystems
15. groff_font Format of groff device and font description files
16. groff_out groff intermediate output format
17. group User group file.
18. history Record of current and recently expired Usenet articles
19. hosts.nntp List of hosts that feed NNTP news
20. hosts.nntp.nolimit List of hosts that feed NNTP news
21. hosts_access Format of host access control files.
22. hosts_options Host access control language extensions
23. inittab Format of the inittab file used by the SysV-compatible init process.
24. inn.conf Configuration data for InterNetNews programs
25. innwatch.ctl Control Usenet supervision by innwatch
26. ipc System V interprocess communication mechanisms
27. issue Issue identification file.
28. lilo.conf Configuration file for LILO.
29. MAKEDEV.cfg Configuration for MAKEDEV(8).
30. Moderators Mail addresses for moderated Usenet newsgroups
31. /etc/modules Kernel modules to load at boot time.
32. Motd Message of the day.
33. Mtools Table of DOS devices
34. Newsfeeds Determine where Usenet articles get sent.
35. Newslog Description of Usenet log files
36. nfs NFS fstab format and options
37. nnrp.access Access file for on-campus NNTP sites
38. nntpsend.ctl List of sites to feed via nntpsend.
39. nologin Prevent usual users from logging into the system
40. overview.fmt Format of news overview database
41. passwd Password file
42. passwd.nntp Passwords for connecting to remote NNTP servers
43. pbm Portable bitmap file format
44. pgm Portable graymap file format
45. pnm Portable anymap file format
46. ppm Portable pixmap file format
47. /proc Process information pseudo-filesystem.
48. protocols The protocols definition file
49. rcsfile Format of RCS file
50. resolver Resolver configuration file.s
51. securetty File that lists ttys from which root can log in.
52. services Internet network services list.
53. Shells Pathnames of valid login shells
54. syslog.conf syslogd(8) configuration file
55. termcap Terminal capability database
56. ttytype Terminal name and device list
57. tzfile Time zone information.
58. utmp Login records
59. wtmp Login records
60. uuencode Format of an encoded uuencode file
61. XF86Config Configuration file for XFree86

Miscellaneous

1. ascii The ASCII character set encoded in octal, decimal, and hexadecimal
2. bootparam Introduction to boot-time parameters of the Linux kernel
3. groff_me troff macros for formatting papers
4. groff_mm groff mm macros.
5. groff_ms groff ms macros
6. hier Description of the filesystem hierarchy.
7. hostname Hostname resolution description
8. Iso_8859_1 The ISO 8859-1 character set encoded in octal, decimal, and hexadecimal
9. Locale Description of multi-language support
10. Mailaddr Mail addressing description.
11. Man Macros to format man pages
12. Signal List of available signals
13. Suffixes List of file suffixes
14. tr2tex Convert a document from troff to LaTeX
15. Unicode The unified 16-bit super character set.
16. UTF-8 An ASCII-compatible multibyte Unicode encoding

Administration and Privileged Commands

1. adduser Add a user or group to the system

2. addgroup Add a user or group to the system
3. agetty Alternative Linux getty
4. archive Usenet article archiver
5. arp Manipulate the system ARP cache
6. badblocks Search a device for bad blocks
7. buffchan Buffered file-writing back end for InterNetNews
8. cfdisk Curses-based disk partition table manipulator for Linux
9. chat Automated conversational script with a modem
10. chroot Change root directory and execute a program there
11. clock Manipulate the CMOS clock
12. comsat Biff server
13. crond cron daemon (Dillon’s Cron
14. ctlinnd Control the InterNetNews daemon
15. ctrlaltdel Set the function of the Ctrl+Alt+Del combination.
16. cvsbug Send problem report (PR) about CVS to a central support site.
17. cvtbatch Convert Usenet batch file to INN format
18. cytune Tune Cyclades driver parameters
19. debugfs ext2 filesystem debugger
20. dip Dialup IP connection handler
21. dmesg Print or control the kernel ring buffer
22. dumpe2fs Dump filesystem information
23. e2fsck Check a Linux second extended filesystem
24. edquota Edit user quotas.
25. expire Usenet article and history expiration program
26. expireover Expire entries from the news overview database
27. fastrm Quickly remove a set of files
28. fdformat Low-level formats a floppy disk
29. fdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux
30. filechan File-writing back end for InterNetNews
31. fsck Check and repair a Linux filesystem
32. fsck.minix A filesystem consistency checker for Linux.
33. ftpd DARPA Internet File Transfer Protocol server
34. ifconfig Configure a network interface
35. inetd Internet superserver
36. init Process control initialization
37. telinit Process control initialization
38. innd InterNetNews daemon
39. inndstart InterNetNews daemon
40. innxmit Send Usenet articles to a remote NNTP server
41. ipcrm Remove ipc facilities
42. ipcs Provide information on ipc facilities
43. kbdrate Reset the keyboard repeat rate and delay time.
44. klogd Kernel log daemon
45. lpc Line printer control program
46. lpd Line printer spooler daemon
47. MAKEDEV Creates and maintains filesystem device entries
48. MAKEDEV Creates devices
49. mke2fs Create a Linux second extended filesystem
50. mkfs Build a Linux filesystem
51. mkfs Make a Linux MINIX filesystem
52. mklost+found Create a lost+found directory on a mounted Linux second extended filesystem.
53. mkswap Set up a Linux swap area
54. mount Mount filesystems
55. umount dismount filesystems
56. mountd NFS mount daemon
57. named-xfer Ancillary agent for inbound zone transfers
58. named Internet domain nameserver
59. named.reload Cause the nameserver to synchronize its database
60. named.restart Stop and restart the nameserver
61. ndc Name daemon control interface.
62. Netstat Display active network connections
63. makeactive Tools to recover Usenet databases
64. makehistory Tools to recover Usenet databases
65. newsrequeue Tools to recover Usenet databases
66. news.daily Do regular Usenet system administration
67. newslog Maintenance of Usenet log files
68. nfsd NFS service daemon
69. nnrpd NNTP server for on-campus hosts.
70. nntpsend Send Usenet articles to remote site.
71. nslookup Query Internet nameservers interactively
72. overchan Update the news overview database.
73. pac Printer/plotter accounting information
74. pcnfsd (PC)NFS authentication and print request server
75. plipconfig Fine-tune PLIP device parameters
76. ping Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
77. portmap DARPA port to RPC program number mapper
78. powerd Monitor a serial line connected to a UPS
79. pppd Point-to-Point Protocol daemon
80. pppstats Print PPP statistics
81. prunehistory Remove filenames from Usenet history file
82. quotacheck Scan a filesystem for disk usages
83. quotaon Turn filesystem quotas on
84. quotaoff Turn filesystem quotas off.
85. rarp Manipulate the system RARP table
86. rdev Query/set image root device, swap device, RAM disk size, or video mode
87. renice Alter priority of running processes
88. repquota Summarize quotas for a filesystem
89. rexecd Remote execution server
90. rlogind Remote login server
91. route Show/manipulate the IP routing table
92. routed Network routing daemon
93. rpc.rusersd Logged-in users server.
94. rpc.rwalld Write messages to users currently logged in to the server
95. rpcinfo Report RPC information
96. rquotad Remote quota server
97. rpc.rquotad Remote quota server
98. rshd Remote shell server
99. rwhod System status server.
100. Sendmail Send mail over the Internet
101. Setfdprm Sets user-provided floppy disk parameters
102. Setserial Get/set Linux serial port information
103. Setsid Run a program in a new session.
104. Showmount Show mount information for an NFS server
105. Shutdown Close down the system
106. Simpleinit Process control initialization
107. Slattach Attach a network interface to a serial line
108. Sliplogin Attach a serial line network interface
109. swapon Enable devices and files for paging and swapping.
110. Swapoff disable devices and files for paging and swapping.
111. Sync Flush Linux filesystem buffers
112. Sysklogd Linux system logging utilities.
113. syslogd Log systems messages.
114. talkd Remote user communication server
115. telnetd DARPA Telnet protocol server
116. tftpd DARPA Trivial File Transfer Protocol server
117. timed Time server daemon
118. timedc Timed control program
119. traceroute Print the route that packets take to the network host
120. tune2fs Adjust tunable filesystem parameters on second extended filesystems
121. tunelp Set various parameters for the lp device
122. update_state Update system state
123. uucico UUCP file transfer daemon.
124. Vmstat Report virtual memory statistics
125. Vipw Edit the password file.
126. Zdump Time zone dumper
127. Zic Time zone compiler

Kernel Reference Guide

1. add_timer Manage event timers.

2. del_timer Manage event timers.
3. init_timer Manage event timers.
4. adjust_clock Adjusts startup time counter to tick in GMT
5. ctrl_alt_del Routes the keyboard interrupt Ctrl+Alt+Del key sequence
6. file_table Detailed description of the table and table entry
7. file_table_init Initializes the file table in the kernel
8. filesystems Details the table of configured filesystems.
9. get_empty_filp Fetches an unreferenced entry from the file table
10. grow_files Adds entries to the file table
11. in_group_p Searches group IDs for a match.
12. insert_file_free Adds a file entry into the file table
13. kernel_mktime Convert startup struct mktime into the number of seconds since
00:00:00 January 1, 1970.
14. proc_sel Select a process by a criterion
15. put_file_last Moves a file to the “end” of the file table
16. remove_file_free Remove a file table entry from the linked list.
Ref:LINUX COMPLETE COMMAND Refrence by J.Purcell
Author : Specter Kratos
Y!:Specter_Kratos
28 March 2008
SP TNX 2 My Best Friend : Matin Ghorbani , Crazy
Copy Right For Specter_Kratos 2007-2008