GEED 20113 People and the Earth`s Ecosystem
FINAL EXAM
Name: Stephen U. Villante Course, Yr. & Sec: BPA 3-1 Date: 07/18/2022
I. Multiple Choices. Underline the letter of the correct answer.
1. The high productivity of estuaries has been attributed to the presence of several primary production units.
Which of the following would NOT be considered a primary production unit in an estuary ecosystem?
a. Phytoplankton suspended within the sunlight zone of the water column.
b. Benthic algae, microscopic plants living on the sediment surface wherever sunlight reaches the bottom.
c. Macroflora, such as marsh grasses which are the foundation of many food webs and provide nursery
grounds for most coastal shellfish.
d. Juvenile zooplankton brought to the estuary by tides after hatching offshore.
2. Which of these zones of a lake is well-lighted and is dominated by planktons?
a. Profundal b. littoral c. limnetic d. benthic
3. Which of the following statements about corals is true?
a. Corals provide shore protection and nutrients with aphotic regions
b. Coral reefs are composed of mutually-symbiotic organisms
c. Coral reefs are primarily affected by human-caused algal blooms, resulting in bleaching
d. All are true
4. During warm season, below the thermocline are the cold, dark waters of the
a. epilimnion b. metalimnion c. hypolimnion d. compensation point
5. Which of the following serves as primary, secondary, and tertiary consumers in the aquatic ecosystem?
a. nektons b. benthos c. planktons d. neustons
6. ______ is done when the net is dragged over the seabed by two long warps extending from the towing
vessel.
a. purse seining b. bottom trawling c. pelagic trawling d. none of these
7. Estuaries have also been called
a. bays b. lagoons c. sounds d. all of these
8. The area between the high and low tide marks is known as the _______.
a. littoral zone b. coral reef c. shore d. rocky intertidal zone
9. Red tide is caused by the predominance of floating, microscopic organisms known as ________.
a. zooplanktons b. phytoplankton c. diatoms d. dinoflagellates
10. Estuaries formed by rising sea level invading rivers since the last ice age are called
a. Classical coastal plain estuaries c. bar-built estuaries
b. Tectonically-caused estuaries d. fjords
For numbers 11-20, identify on what type of aquatic organisms they belong. Choices are:
a. Benthos b. nektons c. neustons d. periphytons e. planktons
A 11. starfish
_____
B 12. Water snake
_____
_____
A 13. sponges
B 14. octopus
_____
_____
E 15. jellyfish
B 16. lobsters
_____
C 17. Whirligig beetles
_____
_____
C 18. hydra
_____
B 19. whales
E 20. Diatoms
_____
II. Identification.
Direction: Fill in the blanks.
1. ________ is a grassland with scattered trees.
Savannah
2. It never gets warm enough for plants to grow in ________ Cold desert.
Tropical Rain
3. ________
Forest are dense forests that grow in areas of heavy rainfall around the equator.
4. ________
Taiga represents the largest terrestrial biome.
5. Trees and large shrubs are absent in ________Temperate grassland.
6. There are no deep root systems in the vegetation of the ________ Arctic tundra.
7. Deserts cover one fifth of the Earth’s surface and occur when rainfall is less than 50cm/year.
________
8. No permafrost layer below the soil surface in ______tundra.
Alphine
9. Tundra is the coldest of all biomes.
________
10. ________
Tundra is considered to be the simplest biome in terms of species composition and food chains.
11. On December 20, 2013, the 68th session of the United Nations General Assembly decided to proclaim
March 3 as ________________
World Wildlife Day to celebrate and raise awareness of the world’s wild fauna and flora.
12.Composting
______ refers to the controlled decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms into a human-like
product.
13. Biodiversity
_______ is defined as the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or of the entire earth.
Waste
14. Management
_______ is the collection, transport, processing or disposal and monitoring of waste materials.
15. Genetic
__________
Diversity refers to the variety in the genetic makeup among individuals within a species.
III. True or False.
Directions: Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct, if otherwise write the word FALSE on the
blank provided.
False
__________ 1. An estuarine salt wedge is formed by a layer of seawater flowing on top of the outflowing
freshwater.
True
__________ 2. The understory is a layer of vegetation beneath the main canopy of tropical rainforest.
__________
True 3. The black mangrove has peg roots.
__________
False 4. Midwater trawling involves towing a large net across the seabed targeting the species that
live on the sea bottom.
True
__________ 5. Ecosystem diversity refers to the variety of species within a region or community.
__________
True 6. A tributary is an ecosystem that is intermediate between an aquatic ecosystem and a
terrestrial one usually has soil that is saturated with water.
False 7. If we totally removed plankton from the estuary, the estuarine food web would not be
__________
affected.
True
_________ 8. With the destruction and burning of forest, more carbon dioxide is being released into the
atmosphere
False
__________ 9. Potamon is the upstream portion of the river that is characterized by high oxygen level and
fast, turbulent flow.
__________
True 10. The intertidal zone is the area where land and sea meet, and often includes tide pools.
__________
True 11. Motor vehicles are the primary source of hydrocarbons.
Falls
___________ 12. Animals and plants that have a few number of living in their kind are
considered rare.
False
__________ 13. Corals are very sensitive to abrupt changes in weather temperature.
__________
False 14. Methane accounts for the largest percentage of the greenhouse effect.
___________15.
False Recycle is when a material that would otherwise be solid waste, is used over
again for its original purpose.
