Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION VIII – EASTERN VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF LEYTE
ALANGALANG AGRO-INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL
BINONGTOAN, ALANGALANG, LEYTE
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Learning Activity Sheet (LAS) in General Mathematics 11

No. Q1-3

OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS

I. Background Information for Learners

Operations on functions are similar to operations on numbers. Adding, subtracting and

multiplying two or more functions together will result in another function. Dividing two
functions together will also result in another function if the denominator or divisor is not
the zero function. Lastly, composing two or more functions will also produce another
function.

The following are prerequisite skills before moving through this module:
➢ Rules for adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing fractions and algebraic
expressions, real numbers (especially fractions and integers).
➢ Evaluating a function.

In the previous Learning Activity Sheets (LAS), you learned to represent real-life
situations to functions and evaluate a function at a certain value. Below is an example of
a representation of two functions represented by a piggy bank:

Suppose that we combine the piggy banks of the two students, the resulting is another
piggy bank. It’s just like adding two functions will result to another function.

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Example 1. Given the functions:
f ( x )=x +5 g ( x ) =2 x−1h( x)=2 x 2+ 9 x −5

Determine the following functions:

a. (f + g)( x)
b. ( f −g)( x)
c. (f • g)( x )
d. (h g)( x)
e. ( f + g )( 3 )
f. ( f −g ) ( 3 )
g. ( f • g )( 3 )
h. (h g)(3)

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Can you follow with what has been discussed from the above examples? Notice that
addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division can be both performed on real
numbers and functions.

The illustrations below might help you to better understand the concepts on function
operations.

In the illustrations, the numbers above are the inputs which are all 3 while below the
function machine are the outputs. The first two functions are the functions to be added,
subtracted, multiplied, and divided while the rightmost function is the resulting
function.

Addition

Subtraction

Multiplication

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 Division

Composition of functions:

In composition of functions, we will have a lot of substitutions. You learned in previous

lesson that to evaluate a function, you will just substitute a certain number in all the
variables in the given function. Similarly, if a function is substituted to all variables in
another function, you are performing a composition of functions to create another
function. Some authors call this operation as “function of functions”.

Composition of function is putting a function inside another function. See below figure
for illustration.

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b. (𝑓∘ℎ)(4)=𝑓(ℎ(4))

To evaluate composition of function, always start with the inside function (from right to
left). In this case, we first evaluated ℎ(4) and then substituted the resulted value to 𝑓(𝑥).

Alternative solution:

A mapping diagram can also help you to visualize the concept of evaluating a function
composition.

From the definition of function composition, (f ∘ h)(4 )=f ¿ ). Looking at the mapping
diagram for values and working from right to left, h( 4)=6. Substituting 6 to h(4) we have
f (6). From the diagram, 𝑓(6) is equal to 72. Therefore, (f ∘ h)(4 )=f ¿ In the diagram, the
first function ℎ(𝑥) served as the inside function while the second function 𝑓(𝑥) is the
outside function.

A table of values is another way to represent a function. The mapping diagram above has
a corresponding table of values below:

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II. Learning Competency with Code

1. Define operations on functions

2. Identify the different operations on functions.
3. Perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition of functions.
(M11GM-Ia-3)

III. Instructions
This is a self-learning material. Hence, answers key for all exercises herein are
included. However, you must answer the activities first before you check up on the
answers key whether you got your answers right or wrong. If you got it right, you may
proceed answering the assessment. However, if you got a mistake, you must revisit the
areas where you got the mistake and try to check and realize where and why you got it
wrong. Do not write anything on the Learning Activity Sheets. Use another sheet of
paper for your solution to the exercises. Meanwhile, use the attached ANSWER SHEET
for your answers to the reflection and the assessment.

IV. Exercises
A. Independent Exercises
Given the following:
• m( x)=5 x −3
• n( x )=x +4
• c ( x )=5 x2 +17 x−12
x−5
• t ( x)=
x +2

Determine the following functions.

1. (m+n)(x)
2. (m+n)(3) 7. ( mc ) ( x )
3. ( m∙ n )( x )
4. (m ∙n)(3) 8. ( mc ) (3 )
5. ( n−c )( x ) 9. (m ∘n)(x)
6. (n−c )(3) 10. (m ∘n)(−3)
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 B. Problem Solving
Suppose Candidate A, Candidate B and Candidate C are three candidates of three
different positions for the upcoming presidential elections in 2022. The actual
number of votes Candidate C will get is given by the sum of the votes gathered by
the other two Candidates. If Candidate A’s and Candidate B’s actual number of
votes are defined by the functions A ( m )=205 m 2+ 300,521 and B ( m ) =108 m6 +275 ,
respectively, where m is the number of months before the actual elections, how
many votes will Candidate C get if the elections is 8 months from now?

C. Reflections

1. Where can you see the actual application of the concept of function operations in
our surroundings or in our day-to-day living? Cite an example and explain how
the idea or concept of function operations is applied.

D. References for Learners

Queaño, Rey Mark R. 2020. General Mathematics Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 –
Module 3: Functions First Edition, 2020. Rizal: Department of Education.

Key to Corrections

Prepared by:

BENJIE P. POGOY
Name of Writer

Evaluated by:

NANCY C. ARPON PATRICIO L. NERI DENNIS P. DAGAMI

SHS Coordinator Head, Academic Department School Head/Principal II

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 ASSESSMENT

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on the
ANSWER SHEET.

1. The following are notations for composite functions EXCEPT,

a. h( p (x)) b. f ( x) g( x) c. (s ∘t )( x) d. f ( g( x))

2. Find h(3)+ d( 2)𝑖𝑓 h( x )=x−1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 d ( x )=7 x+ 3

b. 2 b. 5 c. 14 d. 19

3. t ( x)=−x2 +7 x +1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 r ( x )=5 x 2−2 x +8 find (t−r )(2).

a. 18 b. -18 c. -13 d. 13

4. f ( x)=4 x +2 and g( x )=3 x−1,find (f −g)(4 ).

a. 0 b. -9 c. 7 d. -8

5. 𝐼𝑓 g(x )=x−4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 f (x)= x+5 , find f ( x)• g(x )

a. x 2+ x+20 c. x 2 – x−20
b. x 2 – x+20 d. x 2+ x−20

6. Given h ( n ) =
n+6
n−4
and p(k )= 2
n+6
n + 4 n−32
. Find h ( k ) .
p ()
1 1
a. n+8 b. n−8 c. n−8 d. n+ 8

7. If f ( x)=18 x 2 and t (x)=8 x , find ( ft )( x ) .

9x 4x 4 9
a. b. c. d.
4 9 9x 4x

8. When f (x)=3 x−5 and 𝑔( x)=2 x 2−5 , find f (g( x)) .

a. x 2+2 x +3 b. 6 x 2−20 c. 6 x 2+ 20 d. 2 x2 +6

9. r (x )=x +5 and q ( x)=2 x 2−5 , find q (r (−2)).

a. 8 b. -8 c. 13 d. -13

10. Let 𝑓(𝑥)=3𝑥+8 and 𝑔(𝑥)=𝑥−2. Find 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)).

a. 2𝑥+3 b. 2𝑥−3 c. 4𝑥+1 d. 3𝑥+2

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11. Evaluate 𝑟(2)
a. -11 b. -3 c. 5 d. 11

12. Find s(r (7))

a. 7 b. 1 c. -1 d. -7

13. Find ( s ∘r ) ( 1 )
a. -3 b. 3 c. 5 d. -5

For numbers 14-15, refer to the table of values below

14. Find ( k −t )( 4 ) .
a. 8 b. -8 c. 10 d. -10

15. Find ( k ∘ t ) ( 2 ) .
a. 10 b. -10 c. -5 d. -1

ANSWER SHEET
Q1-3

Name of Learner: _____________________________________________________

Grade Level & Section: _____________________ Contact: ____________________
Date Released: October 18, 2020 Date to be Returned: November 1, 2021

Instructions

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Use this sheet to write your answers on for the reflection and assessment only. For all
self-learning activities with answers key, use a scratch paper and you will be the one to
check your work. Meanwhile, for the reflection and assessment, it is the teacher who will
check your work since there is no answers key for that set of questions. It is the
teacher’s basis to see how well you understood the lesson.

A. Reflection
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B. Assessment
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