Integral Calculus Formula Sheet

Central Colleges of the Philippines 1.

1
cos 2 u= (1+cos 2 u) ∫
Case 1. tan udu or
n
∫ cot n udu ;
2 n is any positive
2 1 tan n u=tan n−2 u . tan 2 u
Basic Integration Formulas 2. sin u= (1=cos 2 u)
2
1. ∫dx=x+C Where: tan 2 u=sec 2 u−1
n n−2 2
2. Power of Sine and Cosine cot u=cot u . cot u
∫ kf ( x ) dx=k ∫ f ( x ) dx=kx+C ∫ n n
Case 1. sin udu or cos udu ; ∫ Where: cot 2 u=csc 2 u−1
3. n is odd
∫ [ f ( x ) + g ( x )+ h ( x ) ] dx=∫ f ( x ) dx +∫ g ( x ) dxsin
+∫n u=sin
h ( x ) dxn−1
¿ ¿u . sin u ∫
Case 2. sec udu or
n
∫ cscn udu ;
n n−1 n is any positive
4. cos u=cos u . cos u
n n−2 2
x
n+1 Then use identity: sin 2 u+cos 2 u=1 sec u=sec u . sec u
∫ x dx= n+1
n
+ C ; n ≠−1
Then use : sec n−2 u=(1+ tan 2 u)
n−2
2

5. ∫ e du=e +C
u u ∫
Case 2. sin udu or
n
∫ cos n
udu ;
u n is even csc n u=csc n−2 u . csc 2 u
6. ∫ au du= lna a +C sinn u=(sin2 u) 2 or form
n Then use : n
n−2
1 n
csc n−2 u=(1+csc 2 u) 2
7. ∫ du=ln ( u )+C n
cos u=( cos u)
2 2
u
1 Case 3. ∫ secn u. tanm u du or
8. ∫ sinu du=−cos u+C
2
Then use:cos u= (1+cos 2 u)
2 ∫ cscn u . cotm u du
9. ∫ cosu du=sin u+C 2 1
sin u= (1=cos 2 u) Where n is positive, similar to case 2.
10. ∫ tanu du=ln ( secu ) +C 2 Case 4. ∫ secn u. tanm u du or
∫ cotu du=¿ ¿ ln(sinu) + C Case3.∫ sin u cos du
n m
11.
∫ csc n u . cotm u du
12. ∫ secu du=¿ ¿ ln (secu + If n is odd with m even: m is positive
tanu) + C n m
a. sinn u cos m = sec u . tan u=¿
13. ∫ cscu du=¿ ¿ ln (cscu - n −1 m m−1
cotu) + C sin u . cos u(sinu) Then use: tan m−1=( sec 2 u−1) 2

14. ∫ sec2 du=tanu +C If n is odd with m even:

n m
n m
csc u . cot u=¿
b. sin u cos =
15. ∫ csc2 du=cotu +C m−1
sinn u . cosm−1 u ( cosu ) Then use: cot m−1=( csc 2 u−1) 2
16. ∫ secutan du=secu+C
Case 4. ∫ sin u cos du (both n and
n m
INTEGRALS INVOLVING
17.
INVERSE HYPERBOLIC
∫ cscutanudu=−cscu +C m are even)
FUNCTIONS
Trigonometric Identities
2 1 e x −e− x
1. sinu = 1 / cscu cos u= (1+cos 2 u) 1. sinhx =
2. cosu = 1 / secu 2 2
3. tanu = sinu/cosu = 1/cotu 2 1 x
e +e
−x
4. cotu = cosu /sinu = 1/tanu
sin u= (1=cos 2 u) 2. coshx =
2 2
5. cscu = 1/sinu
Case 5. ∫ sinau. cosbu du =
6. secu = 1/cosu
Differentiation Formulas
7. sin 2 u+cos 2 u=1 1
[sin ( au+ bu ) +sin ( au−bu ) ] 1. D(sinhu) = coshudu
8. 1+ tan 2 u=sec 2 u 2 2. D(coshu) = sinhudu
9. cot 2 u+1=csc 2 u
Double Angle Identites
∫ sinau. sinbudu = 3. D(tanhu) = sech2udu
4. D(cothu) = -csch2udu
1. sin2u = 2sinucos 1 5. D(sechu) = -sechutanhu du
[−cos ( au+bu ) +cos ( au−bu ) ]
2. cos2u = cos 2 u−sin 2 u 2 6. D(cschu) = - cschucothu du
Integration Formulas
3. cos2u = 2 cos2 u−1 ∫ cosau . cosbu du = 1. ∫ sin h udu=cos h u+C
4. cos2u = 1 - 2 sin2 u 1
2tanu [cos ( au+bu ) +cos ( au−bu ) ] 2. ∫ cos h udu=sin h u+C
5. tanu = 2
3. ∫ sec h du=tan h u+C
2 2
1−tan u Power of Tangent and Secant
(Cotangent and Cosecant)
Half Angle Identities 4. ∫ csc h 2 du=−cot h u+C
 5. INTEGRATION BY TRIGO SUB 3.
Case 1.
∫ sec hutan h du=−sec h u+C u
b c

∫ f ( x ) dx=−∫ f ( x ) dx +∫ f ( x ) dx
b

1. sinӨ =
6. a a a c

∫ csch ucot h du=−csc hu+C 2.

3.
u = asinӨ
du = acosӨdӨ 4.
b

∫ kf ( x ) dx=k ∫ f ( x ) dx
b

7.
4. cosӨ = √
a2−u2 a a

∫ tan h udu=ln ⁡(cos h u)+C a 5.

b b b
8. 5. √ a −u =acos Ө
2 2
∫ ¿ f ( x ) ∨dx=∫ f ( x ) dx+∫ g ( x ) dx
∫ cot hudu=ln ⁡(sin h u)+C Case2.
u
a
b
a a

9. ∫ cos h udu=sin h u+C 1. tanӨ =

a 6. ∫ f ( t ) dt=F ( b )−F (a)
10. 2. u = atanӨ a
3. du = asec2ӨdӨ a a
∫ sec hudu=2 tan−1 ( eu ) +C=¿ tan−1 ( sin hu )+C ¿ √ a2 +u2 7. ∫ f ( x ) dx=2∫ f ( x ) dx
11. 4. secӨ = −a 0
a 8. WALLIS FORMULA
u
1 cos hu−1 e −1
∫ csch udu= 2 ln cos h u+1 + C=ln Case3.5. √
+C a 2
+u 2
=asec Ө π /2
a. ∫ sin x cos xdx =
u
e +1 m n

INVERSE TRIGO AND INVERSE u 0

1. tanӨ =
HYPERBOLIC a ( m−1 )( m−3 ) … (2∨1 ) … ( n−1
du 2. u = atanӨ
1. ∫ −1 ( m+n ) ( m+ n−2 ) …
2 = sin ¿ ) + C 3. du = asec2ӨdӨ
√ a −u
2
√ a2 +u2
.α
du 1 −1 4. secӨ = π
2. ∫ 2 2 =
tan ¿) + C a α =¿ , if both m and n
a +u a 2
5. √ a2 +u2 =asecӨ
du are even
1 −1
3. ∫ sec ¿ PARTIAL FRACTION
= ) ¿ 1if one∨bothare odd
u √ u −a a
2 2
Case 1. Distinct Linear
AREA
+C f (x ) A B N b
= + + …+
4. ∫
du −1 g ( x) a 1 x+ b 1 a 2 x+ b 2 a n x +b n
1. A= ∫ ydy
2 = sin h ¿ ) + C
√ u +a
2 a
b
Case 2. Repeated Linear
du 2. A=∫ ydy , below the axis
5. ∫ −1
2 = cos h ¿ ) +
√ u −a
2
A
+
B C
a
b
+ +…
C ax+ b (ax +b)2 (ax +b)3 3. A=∫ ( Y u−Y l ) dx
du 1
6. ∫ 2 N
−1 a
2 =
tan h ¿) + + d
a −u a (ax +b)n 4. A=∫ ( x r−x l ) dy
C Case 3. Distinct Quadratic c
f (x) Ax + B Cx+ D VOLUME OFMx+
SOLIDS
N OF
INTEGRATION BY PARTS = dx + dx +…+
REVOLUTION dx
g (x) a1 x2 +b 1 x +c 1 a2 x 2 +b 2 x+ c 2 2
a1 x +b 1 x +c 1
∫ udv=uv−∫ vdu Case 4. Repeated Quadratic A. Disc Method
INTEGRATION BY Vertical Strip
MISCELLANEOUS A 1 x +B 1 A2 x+ B1 An x +B n Xr
+ + …+
SUBSTITUTION 2 2
a x +bx +c (a x + bx+ c)
2 2
(a x +bx+ c)
n
V=π ∫ (Y u−Y l) dx 2

1 Xl
Z= tan x
2 DEFINITE INTEGRAL Horizontal Strip
2 Yu
1−z
cosx =
1+ z 2
b a V=π ∫ ( Xr− Xl) dy 2

2z
1. ∫ f ( x ) dx=−∫ f ( x ) dx b
Yl
a b
sinx =
1+ z2 b V= ∫ l2 dh
2 dz 2. ∫ f ( x ) dx=0 a
dx = 2
a B. Ring or Washer Method
1+ z
 b d
V= ∫ ¿ ¿)dh I x =2 π ∫ y ( X r−X l ) dy
3

a c
Vertical Strip d
π
Xr I y= ∫
2 c
( X r −X l ) dy
4 4

V=𝝿 ∫ ( Y u2−Y l2 ) dx CENTROID OF

Xl
Horizontal Strip REVOLUTION
Yu Vertical Stripping
V=𝝿 ∫ ( X r2 −X l2 ) dy 1
b
M x = ∫ (Y u2−¿ Y l2) dx ¿
Yl
2a
C. Shell Method
b
Vertical Strip
Xr M y =∫ x ( Y u−Y l ) dx
V = 2𝝿 ∫ x ( Y u−Y l ) dx a
Horizontal Stripping
Xl
d
Horizontal Strip
Yu
M x =∫ y ( X r− X l ) dy
c
V= ∫ ( X r −X l ) dy 1
b
M y = ∫( X r −¿ X l )dy ¿
Yl 2 2
2a
APPLICATIONS
1 2
LENGTH OF AN ARC W= kx =
b
2
∫ √1+¿ ¿ ¿ 1 2 2
k (x 2 −x 1 )
a 2
W = Fd == dW = dFd
MOMENT OF W = Fs
INTERTIA : PLANE
AREA
A. Vertical Stripping
b
I x = 1 ∫ ¿ ¿)dx
3a
b
I y = ∫ x 2 ¿ ¿)dx
a
B. Horizontal Stripping
d
I x = ∫ y 2 ¿ ¿)dy
c
d
I y = 1 ∫ ¿ ¿)dy
3c
MOMENT OF INERTIA :
VOLUME
Vertical Stripping
b
π
I x = ∫ ( Y u −Y l ) dx
4 4
2 a
b
I y =2 π ∫ x 3 ( Y u−Y l ) dx
a
Horizontal Stripping