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Lesson 1 Systems of Equations

a) To solve a system of equations, any operations performed to variables on one side of the equal sign must also be performed to the corresponding variables on the other side. b) A system of linear equations can have one solution, infinite solutions, or no solution depending on whether the lines intersect at one point, are the same line, or are parallel, respectively. c) Nonlinear systems of equations must be solved using techniques like adding/subtracting the equations to eliminate variables or using substitution to express one variable in terms of others before solving.

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Vincent Emilio L. Chan
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102 views

Lesson 1 Systems of Equations

a) To solve a system of equations, any operations performed to variables on one side of the equal sign must also be performed to the corresponding variables on the other side. b) A system of linear equations can have one solution, infinite solutions, or no solution depending on whether the lines intersect at one point, are the same line, or are parallel, respectively. c) Nonlinear systems of equations must be solved using techniques like adding/subtracting the equations to eliminate variables or using substitution to express one variable in terms of others before solving.

Uploaded by

Vincent Emilio L. Chan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SYSTEMS OF EQUATIONS

Things to remember:

a) Anything you do on the left of the equal sign, you do the same right
 x+y=5
 To eliminate x, I put (-x) on left and (-x) on the right
 (-x) + x + y = 5 + (-x)
 y=5–x
 another way of saying is that if I moved anything to the right, I
should change its sign (from + to -) or (from – to +)
b) A system of two linear equations can have one solution, an infinite
number of solutions, or no solution. Systems of equations can be
classified by the number of solutions.

c) If a system has at least one solution, it is said to be consistent .


If a consistent system has exactly one solution, it is independent .

d) If a consistent system has an infinite number of solutions, it is


dependent . When you graph the equations, both equations represent
the same line.
Example DEPENDENT EQUATIONS you are given one equation - x + y = 2
o other equation is - 3x + 3y = 6  is not independent because it is
the same as (-3x +3y = 6) / 3  - x + y = 2
 This means you have an infinite number of solutions (for any x, you
get a y)

e) If a system has no solution, it is said to be inconsistent . The graphs of


the lines do not intersect, so the graphs are parallel and there is no
solution.

 you are given as one equation - x + y = 2


 and also - 3x + 3y = 15
o (-3x +3y = 6) / 3  - x + y = 3 inconsistent
o but the first equation (-x+y=2)
1) dependent equations, therefore infinite solutions  y = (9 – x)/3
o x + 3y = 9
2x + 6y = 18
 the second equation is not independent because it is exactly the
same equation as the first
 (2x + 6y)/2 = 18/2
 x + 3y = 9

2) Given
4x + 3y = 9
3x − 5y = 14
Can either transpose x in first equation: y = (9 – 4x) / 3
Or I can multiply first equation by 5 and second equation by 3
5 (4x + 3y) = 5*9
3 (3x − 5y) = 3*14
If I add these 2 equations == I will eliminate y
20 x + 9 x = 45 + 42
29 x = 87
X=3
And therefore y = (9 – 4*3)/3 = - 1

3) Given
x+y=2
3x + 3y = 4
Multiplying by 3 the first equation
3x + 3y = 6
And subtracting the second equation
0=2
Inconsistent == no solutions

LINEAR AND NONLINEAR


1) Given
2 2
x + y = 13
x – y = −1  y = x + 1
2 2
x + (x+1) = 13
2 2
x + (x +2x+2) = 13
2
2x + 2x + 2 – 13 = 0
Solve using quadratic equation

2) Given
2 2
x + y − 16x + 39 = 0
2 2
x −y −9=0
add the 2 equations to eliminate y
2
2 x − 16x + 30 = 0  divide by 2
2
x – 8 x + 30 = 0  solve by quadratic
SOLVE
1) Given
2
 x − 2x + 2y + 2 = 0
2
 −x + 2x − y + 3 = 0
Easier to add the 2 equations eliminating x’s
Giving you y + 2 + 3 = 0
Y=5
Then substitute to get X

2) Given

2 2
 6x + 3y = 12
 y=2-x
2 2
 6x + 3(2 – x) = 12
 Expand and solve for x, then substitute to get y

3)
 3x + 4y = 14
 5x − 6y = −2
 Either express x in terms of y, or y in terms of x
 Eliminate x, I will multiply first equation by 5 and second by 3,
5(3x + 4y = 14)  15x + 20y = 70
3(5x − 6y = −2)  15x – 18y = -6
Subtract equation 2 from equation 1
20y – (-18y) = 70 – (-6)
20y + 18y = 76
38y = 76  y = 2
4)
Equation 1 2x − y + z = −3
Equation 2 3x + 5y + 2z = 14
Equation 3 4x + 3y − 5z = 23
Eliminate first y from equation 2 and equation 3
Equation 1 and equation 2:
Equation 1 5(2x − y + z = −3)  10x – 5y + 5z = -15
Equation 2 3x + 5y + 2z = 14
Add the 2 equations: 10x+3x + 5z+2z = -15+14
 new equation  13x + 7z = -1

Equation 1 and equation 3:


Equation 1 3(2x − y + z = −3)  6x – 3y +3z = -9
Equation 3 4x + 3y − 5z = 23
Add the 2 equations: 10x + 3z – 5z = -9 + 23
New equation: 10x – 2z = 14

Solve the new equations …


https://courses.lumenlearning.com/waymakercollegealgebra/chapter/methods-for-solving-a-
system-of-nonlinear-equations/

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