Lead Small Teams
Lead Small Teams
MATERIALS
Sector : TOURISM
You need to complete this module before you can perform the module on
Develop and Practice Negotiation Skills.
BASIC COMPETENCY
LIST OF COMPETENCIES
This Learner’s Guide was prepared to help you achieve the required competency
in Practice Occupational Health and Safety. This will be the source of information for you
to acquire knowledge and skills in this particular module with minimum supervision or
help from your instructor with the aid of this material you will acquire the competency
independently and at your own pace.
• Talk to your trainer and agree on how both will organize the training of this
result. Read through the learning guide carefully. It is derived into sections, which covers
all the skills and knowledge you need to successfully complete in this module.
• Work through are the information and complete the activities in each section.
Read information sheets and complete the self-check suggested references are included
to supplement the materials provided in this module.
• Most probably your trainers will also be your supervisor or manager. He/she is
there to support you and show you the correct way to do things. Ask for help.
• Your trainer will tell you about the important things you need to consider when
you are completing activities and it is important that you listen and take notes.
• You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask questions and practices on the
job. Make sure you practice your how skills during regular work shift. This way you will
improve both your speed and memory and also your confidence.
• Rise the self-check questions at the end of each section to test your own
progress.
• When you are ready, ask your trainer to watch you perform the activities
outline in the learning guide.
• As you work through the activities, ask for written feedback on your progress.
Your trainer keeps feedback pre-assessment reports for this lesson. When you have
successfully completed each element as your trainer to mark on the reports that you are
ready for assessment
• When you have completed this module (or several modules), and feel
confident that you have had sufficient practice. Your trainer will arrange an appointment
with registered assessor to assess you. The results of your assessment will be recorded
in your Competency Achievement Record.
Unit of Competency: Leading Small Teams
Module Description: This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required
to lead small teams including setting and maintaining team
and individual performance standards.
Learning Outcomes:
Assessment Criteria:
1. Work requirements are identified and presented to team members.
3. Team members’ queries and concerns are recognized, discussed and dealt with.
4. Duties, and responsibilities are allocated having regard to the skills, knowledge
and aptitude required to properly undertake the assigned task and according to company
policy.
7. Performance expectations are based on individual team members duties and area
of responsibility.
10. Team members are provided with feedback, positive support and advice
on strategies to overcome any deficiencies.
11. Team members are kept informed of any changes in the priority allocated
to assignments or tasks which might impact on client/customer needs and
satisfaction.
12. Team operations are monitored to ensure that employer/client needs and
requirements are met.
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Learning Experiences:
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LEARNING GUIDE
This guide will also assist you to attain the learning outcome stated in the cover
page. Specifically, upon completion of this Learning Guide, you will be able to:
Learning Instructions:
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INFORMATION SHEET 1.2-1
Provide Team Leadership
Team is a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed
to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold
themselves mutually accountable.
Without it, groups perform as individuals; with it, they become a powerful unit of
collective performance.
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Date Developed: Document No.
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Inc.
Computer
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Inc.
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Advice teams
• created to broaden the information base for managerial decisions
Production Teams
• responsible for performing day-to-day operations
Project Teams
• require creative problem solving, often involving the application of
specialized knowledge
• time is critical
Action Teams
High specialization is combined with high coordination
best exemplified by a baseball team
Cohesiveness
a process whereby “a sense of ‘we-ness’ emerges to transcend individual
differences and motives
Cohesive group members stick together for one or both of the following reasons:
1. they enjoy each other’s company
2. They need each other to accomplish a common goal.
Socio-emotional cohesiveness
A sense of togetherness that develops when individuals derive emotional
satisfaction from group participation.
Instrumental cohesiveness
A sense of togetherness that develops when group members are mutually
dependent on one another because they believe they could not achieve
the group’s goal by acting separately
Virtual team are physically dispersed task group that conducts its business
primarily through modern information technology.
Virtual groups formed over the Internet follow a group development process
similar to that for face-to-face groups.
Internet chat rooms create more work and yield poorer decisions than face-to-
face meetings and telephone conferences.
Self-managed teams
Reaction
How did the participants feel about the activity?
Learning
Did the experience increase knowledge or improve skills?
Behavior
Did participants’ on-the-job behavior improve as a result of the activity?
Results
Did participants subsequently achieve better measurable results?
In order to drive growth, the focus must be on people and in cultivating the right
mindset and the right culture.
Growth isn’t about numbers; it’s about people. Sure, numbers tell you how
successful your team is, but it isn’t just numbers you should be looking at when
you are after growth, because it is people, not numbers, who do extraordinary
things. To create a successful growth mindset, you need to push for both
individual and team development and growth.
Teaching employees’ new skills helps them cope with quick changes, which often
take place during rapid growth. Learning new skills also improves employee
engagement and makes work more enjoyable: after all, up to 87 percent of
millennials think professional development is important in a job.
Learning shouldn’t happen in silos and only in short individual spurts. Instead,
management should make learning a company-wide goal and encourage team-
learning sessions. When people develop their skills together, they are able to
learn faster and in a supportive environment. Group learning also fosters trust,
builds relationships and makes it easier for employees to lean on each other
when they need help in the future.
While learning should happen in teams and in groups, goals should still remain
personal. In order for goals to be a part of a functional growth strategy, they need
to be transparent and openly communicated. This doesn’t mean everyone should
know everyone’s personal goals. It simply means each person should know what
is expected of them and that the goals remain achievable while being ambitious.
After making sure everyone understands what is expected of them, make sure
you provide individual support and coaching to every single employee. Don’t
assume some people need less support than others: instead, make sure those
who seem to be excelling stay motivated and are met with new and exciting goals
to reach.
The same rule works both ways: with clear lines of communication, product
development teams can understand the needs and trends of customers and
prospects and improve their products much better. The same dialogue-driven
Growth mentality only thrives in an organization where people are willing to share
their own ambitions and realities. When people grow together but meet their
personal goals individually, the culture enables true success stories to take place.
(a) Result Frameworks or logframes (“RF”), which are tools to organize intended
results, i.e. measurable development changes. RFs inform the
development of the M&E plan and both must be consistent with each other (see
RBM);
(b) the M&E plan, which contains a description of the functions required to
gather the relevant data on the set indicators and the required methods and tools
to do so. The M&E plan is used to systematically organize the collection of
specific data to be assessed, indicating roles and responsibilities of project/plan
stakeholders. It ensures that relevant progress and performance information is
collected processed and analyzed on a regular basis to allow for real-time,
evidence-based decision-making;
(c) the various processes and methods for monitoring (such as regular input and
output data gathering and review, participatory monitoring, process monitoring)
and for evaluation (including impact evaluation and thematic, surveys, economic
analysis of efficiency (see FEA);
The design of an M&E system should begin at the same time as overall project
preparation. As a general rule, the M&E system should be designed in close
partnership with all relevant stakeholders as it contributes to ensuring that the
project/plan objectives and targets, and how they will be measured are well
understood and shared. This understanding can then potentially facilitate the
establishment of new institutions to take on the M&E role. Adequate resources
need to be allocated for implementation of M&E.
Budgets for M&E-related activities lie between 2-5% of the overall project budget,
as a rough rule of thumb. When designing the initial budget, M&E expenditure
should be distinct from other management costs and should provide detailed
budget items for staffing, training, technical assistance, surveys and studies,
workshops and equipment, allowances for participatory stakeholder’s
consultations, communication and publication. It should be remembered that
often projects are essentially large-scale experiments. M&E expenditures are
essential to learn necessary lessons also for future policies and programs. This
sufficient time (for a start-up phase that is long enough to establish the M&E
system, conduct a baseline survey, train staff and partners, include primary
stakeholders in M&E, monitor and reflect);
sufficient capacity and expertise (to support M&E development, skilled and
welltrained people required for good quality data collection and analysis) for
M&E. If appropriate, external expertise in design for a baseline study and an
impact evaluation should be engaged;
sufficient flexibility in project design enabling the M&E system to influence the
project strategy during implementation.
Good practice of M&E during implementation requires that result indicators and
target values have been well-defined and agreed upon in the result framework
(see RBM). It is essential to establish a clear distinction at project design stage
between outputs, outcomes and other higher level development objectives. This
will ensure that selected indicators are appropriate to their respective level along
the results chain and also help determine institutional responsibilities and
timelines for M&E.
For each selected indicator, M&E tools (means of verification) have to be defined.
Examples are semi-structured interviews; focus group discussions; surveys and
questionnaires; regular workshops and roundtables with stakeholders; field
monitoring visits; testimonials; and scorecards. Frequency and responsibilities for
applying the tools, for analyzing relevant information and for reviewing this
information must be specified in an M&E plan.
Reach Decisions by the team in accordance with its agreed roles and
responsibilities
In many cases, the jobs that individuals perform at work are overly defined.
People are locked into ways of working that may not be optimal. When work
teams are formed, they are viewed as a way in which to free people from past
constraints. However, teams will not be effective if they simply are told to figure
out what their jobs are. This gives teams less structure than they need to operate
successfully.
Teams require structures that define their tasks and memberships. The limits of
their authority should be explicitly stated. When they are given appropriate
structures, teams are able to focus on developing their internal processes and
procedures for performing their tasks. When they are not given appropriate
structures, teams can become mired in unfocused attempts to create them.
Once teams have started, organizations sometimes just leave them alone. There
are good reasons not to interfere too much with the internal operations of teams.
However, a hands-off approach can limit teams' effectiveness if its members do
not have the skills and knowledge they need.
Shared concern and camaraderie mean team members support each other to
complete the team's work. Your words and actions will do much to assist the
development of this shared concern and camaraderie. Team members need to
trust each other and you can act as a role model for this through your work with
the team.
There are three ways team leaders can assist team members to participate in
and facilitate work teams. They are by ensuring:
As a team leader you are in a position to influence the ability of team members to
participate in
Consider different ways of funding your activities that you may not have been
ready for or had access to when you first began (for example, has your success
opened up the possibility of an earned income model, or of adding new partners
with additional resources to bring to bear, etc.?).