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Design of an IoT based Smart Trolley Prototype for Retail Mart

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 12 | Dec 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Design of an IoT based Smart Trolley Prototype for Retail Mart

Savita C Teli1, Rajeswara Rao K V S2
1P G Student, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, RV college of Engineering, R V Vidyaniketan
Mysore Road Bengaluru 560059, Karnataka, India
2Associate Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, R V college of Engineering, R V

Vidyaniketan Mysore Road Bengaluru 560059, Karnataka, India

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Abstract - Shopping at big malls has become a regular choice. Once finish the shopping, client can directly pay the
activity in metro cities, huge rush in shopping mall on holidays payment and come out of shopping mart
and weekends, so customers need to wait in long queue at
billing counter. To overcome this problem, design secure and Figure 2 Block diagram of smart trolley shopping system
intelligent trolley prototype for retail mart has become a containing the subsystems of smart trolley. Whole unit
necessary need. This system contains three main component formed by subsystem of cart. This smart system consists of a
hardware, software and data transmission layer. The raspberry PI interfaced with RFID Reader, LCD 16x2 display,
hardware system has five component rfid reader, Arduino
Arduino Nano, Weight sensor and Relay running text should
Nano, LCD display, raspberry pi and weight sensor. Arduino
IDE (Integrated development environment) and raspbian used match with the list of references at the end of the paper.
as software part of this project. Raspbian is main and basic
software for raspberry pi device and Arduino IDE is
readymade software used to write and upload the program.
JavaScript language is used for writing the program. This
system involved five steps for designing and implementing
intelligent trolley. first step is system architecture design,
second step is flow chart for smart trolley, third step is design
and develop software system, fourth step is develop database
and fifth step is integration testing of hardware and software
system. The developed rfid based smart shopping system helps
to reduce the customer waiting time at billing counter and
increases the business efficiency.

Key Words: RFID Reader, RFID tag, Raspberry pi, Arduino Fig-1: Smart shopping trolley features
Nano, LCD Display, etc.

1. INTRODUCTION

IoT system is interconnected device that are provided with

unique identifiers attached to every objects for transferring
the data over the network without human intervention or
human to computer interaction .When customer comes to
the shopping mall and takes smart shopping trolley, the
trolley features are described in figure1[1]. Smart shopping
trolley shall have an rfid reader, raspberry PI, weight sensor,
Arduino Nano and LCD display. When customer put the
items into smart cart, the rfid reader will read the product
information and send to raspberry pi through Arduino Nano, Fig-2: Block Diagram of Smart Trolley prototype for retail
raspberry pi compares the tag information with database mart
already stored in sdcard, at last display the product
information on the LCD display. This process repeated till 1.1 Literature Review
the client's shopping finishes. Two buttons are provided on
trolley, it helps to add or remove the products from the Leena Thomas, Renu Mary George1, Amalasree Menon,
trolley and each product is added to the trolley then move GreeshmaRajan, ReshmaKurian, Discusses an innovative
for further shopping. This whole system depends on client concept of RFID Based intelligent system. The developed

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 545
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 12 | Dec 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

system comprises of a Server unit (SU), a User Interface unit brilliant stock administration turns out to be simple and
(UIU), an in-built Billing Unit (BU) and Central unit productive [8]
(CU).Billing unit enable the customer pay the bill leave the
shopping center, no need to wait in long queue[1]. D. Mohanapriya, R. Mohamed Anas, P. Nandhini, N.M.
Deepika, This system provides on spot scanning of the
Purva S. Puranik, Parikshit N. Mahalle, develop the secure products and shows its product details on LED. This system
and smart shopping system is developed by using IoT. The allows clients to compare the total price with the budget in
secure and intelligent trolley is able to read the products the pocket before billing [9]
information through UHF RFID reader.The developed
Prototype is easy to use and economical. They highlighted Manan Rao, The aim here is to create a system that
the importance of a secure, confidential and integrity smart combines the convenience of RFID tags and wireless sensing
shopping system [2]. Shallu Dhauta and Shashank Kapoor, with a simple and easy tracking system that allows
The developed system uses the LiFi technology and TFT customers to purchase products without the hassle of
screen display to display offers and provide billing. This waiting in queues [10].
system is user friendly not required any special training. The
1.2 Methodology
proposed system using in super mart by using radio
frequency identification technologies it helps to detect items
The methodology of the project is explained in detail to
details and automatic billing, etc. This trolley easy to use and
understand the smart shopping trolley prototype for retail
provide best customer experience [3] Zeeshan Ali, Reena
marts. In the present scenario, all retail mart uses a barcode
Sonkusare, The main goal of this project is to provide a
reader which takes more time to check the all items and also
technology oriented system minimum initial cost. The
increase the manpower as well as customer waiting time at
developed system comprises of trolley location detection
billing counter. To overcome this problem a smart shopping
unit (CLDU), Server Communication unit (SCU), User
trolley prototype has been developed. This system helps to
Interface and display unit (UIDU) and Billing and Inventory
reduce the customer waiting time at checkout, increase the
management unit (BIMU). Automatic billing system
business efficiency by providing good service to customer. So
provided and user friendly[4] Ankush Yewatkar, Faiz
fallow the five steps for designing secure and smart trolley
Inamdar, Raj Singh, Ayushya, Amol Bandale, The
proposed system is used to provide a smart and intelligent 1] System architecture design - Design the block diagram of
shopping trolley, This trolley keep tracking the products and IoT based smart trolley prototype for retail mart described
online transaction for payment using RFID and ZigBee[5] in figure 3. The block diagram consists of two sections, the
P.T.Sivagurunathan. P.Seema, R. Sindhu, The modern transmit section and the receive section. Transmit section is
electronic Technology is based on embedded a system, this provided with rfid reader, weight sensor and Arduino Nano.
system consists thousands of transistors which is placed on Receive section is provided with raspberry pi and LCD
single silicon chip. This process is very time consuming. This display. In transmit section, rfid reader read the tag
system helps to customers to avoid waiting time at checkout information and send to the Arduino Nano. The function of
counter. This helps trolley also reduces the man-power and Arduino Nano is send the received information to raspberry
employment cost. This intelligent trolley system is reliable pi. In receive section, raspberry receives the information
and user friendly [6] from Arduino Nano, once information is received, it starts
to compare that information with database already stored in
Vishwas, Apoorva, Swati R Rsidurga Anand Rao Pawar, in
sdcard. If any mismatch occurs in related to weight or
this system, Billing can be generated from the shopping cart.
amount, then trolley detect it as wrong and customer cannot
The idea is to save customers time by providing digital
go for further process. If all items are correct, then it shows
billing system which you get through the registered mail of
valid for billing process. Customer can pay the payment and
our website [7]
leave the shopping mall.
Purva S. Purani, Parikshit N. Mahalle, A secure and
2] Flow chart of smart trolley prototype in figure 4, shows
intlligent shopping trolley system developed using IoT,
the process of smart shopping system and depicts the step
Gossamer protocol can be actualized which will guarantee a
by step process. Initially the cart components are
much more protected framework. Having such a framework
deactivated, once supply the power, all cart components are
gives two advantages. Initially, it keeps clients from holding
activate and place the product into cart, rfid card have a
up in a long line at checkout. Also, by making the item retires
unique ID number, rfid tags are used to identify products

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 546
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 12 | Dec 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

information. If the client decides to drop a chose item, it 2. Design and develop software system
should be finished by choosing the suitable catch
("Add/Remove") on the LCD board. RFID reader read the tag An Arduino IDE and raspbian software are used to develop
information and send that information to raspberry pi. Once the software system for the smart shopping trolley. Arduino
raspberry pi receives the information then it starts to IDE is a readymade software. (Integrated development
compare with database. If there is any mismatch, then LCD environment) set of prewritten codes are available (LED
display will shows invalid for payment. If all items details are Blink, Sensor interfacing). By using these codes write the
correct, then LCD display will shows valid for billing process. program. This software is used for writing and uploading
Customers can straight away pay the bill. new code to physical board and which supports C language
and C++ language. In this IoT system, database is used to
organize the collected data and server is a computer
program or software used to manage the resources via
Internet. SD card present in the raspberry pi, this sdcard
stored program for raspberry pi communication.

Fig-3: Block diagram of transmit and receive section

Power
supply

Activate all
components

Place the items

into cart

RFID reader
reads
information
Send details rpi
through arduino
nano
Fig-4: Program written to read and write data into
Information
Database.
comparison

Install the bitwise SSH app and create the IP number for
if comparison is No Invalid for payment sdcard. Through IP address login to sdcard, this card present
correct
in the raspberry pi and Connect this bitwise app to internet
Direct payment
through wifi. Once open the bitvise app mention the IP
number, username and password it connects to sdcard.
Sdcard stores the database written in programming
Fig-4: flow chart for smart shopping trolley language (JavaScript). Once raspberry pi receive the
information it starts to compare with database already
stored in sdcard. After comparison all product details are

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 547
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 12 | Dec 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

correct then directly go for payment. If any wrong product 2.2 Integration of hardware and software
information occurs, it shows as invalid for payment at that
time this database helps to retailers for cross verification This system contains three main component hardware,
software and data transmission layer. The hardware system
has five component rfid reader, Arduino Nano, LCD display,
raspberry pi and weight sensor. RFID reader read the item
details and send that details to raspberry pi through Arduino
Nano. Raspberry pi is microprocessor it compares the
collected data with data base already stored in sdcard and
display the result on LCD board. The software part is an
application that helps the user to access the information of
the hardware system. In this project, Raspbian and Arduino
IDE (Integrated development environment) software used.
Raspbian is main and basic software for Raspberry pi device
and Arduino IDE consider as cross platform application for
windows, Linux, macOS. Java language is used.
Fig-6: Login to SSH for connecting SD card installed in RPi
2.3 IMPLEMENTATION
2.1 Design Database
Raspberry pi3 is used as the main microprocessor for
Design the database for retailer point of view, database various functions. The complete system is made up of
contains the information of all items present in the mart. raspberry pi, rfid reader, Arduino Nano and weight sensor.
This database consist detailed information of the products. The Arduino Nano is an open-source. Microcontroller,
Once raspberry pi receive the product information from MicrochipATmega328Pmicrocontroller present in this
Arduino Nano, it starts to compare with database stored in board. The board consists sets of digital and analog
sdcard. Here database is used to organize the collected data input/output (I/O) pins that may be connected to various
and Server is a computer program or software used to expansion boards (shields) and other circuits. The board has
manage the resources via Internet. Database include detail 8 analog pins (A0 to A7) here A4 is SDA and A5 is SCA these
information of the product (product name productID, both pins are used for TWI communication(Two way
product price and weight). This database is compared with communication), 14 digital pins (D0 to D13) here D0 is
collected data. Database helps to finding the mismatching of RX(data receiver) and D1 is TX( data transmission) D10 is
product and it helps the retailers to easily find out the SS(slave select line for the master to select which slave to
mismatching of product, so all retail mart design the send data to) D11 is MOSI(master out slave in– line for the
database for easily maintain the inventory and find out the master to send data to the slave - ) D12 is MISO(master in
mismatching of product slave out line for the slave to send data to the master) D13 is
SCK(Clock- – line for the clock signal), 4 serial peripheral
Table 1 - Product Database
interface(SS-slave select, MOSI-master out slave in, MISO-
master in slave out, SCK- Clock) 2 I2C pin( A4-SDA and
Sl. Product Price Weight
ID A5SCL) and Arduino IDE (Integrated Development
No. Name (Rs.) (g)
Environment). Arduino Nano charged by a USB cable or by
1 0009793427 Product1 10 140-290 an external 9 volt battery, though it accepts voltages
2 0009788262 Product2 20 450-580 between 7 and 20 volts.
3 0010442530 Product3 30 750-900
1020- The below circuit diagram explain the connection between
4 Product4 40
0010441825 1200 devices, Weight sensor four lines(Red, Black, White, Green )
1300- connected to enable and analog pins of relay (E+,E-,A+,A-)
5 Product5 50 these pins connected to Arduino (analog pin, digital pin,
0010442029 1500
ground pin) these pins connected to RFID(MOIS SDA
RST,RX)

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 548
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 12 | Dec 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Fig-8: Shopping basket

The developed intelligent trolley prototype is user friendly,

no special training is required
Fig-7: Interfacing weight sensor to relay and Arduino
Nano to rfid 2.4 RESULTS
Table 2 - Connection from rfid to Arduino Nano The smart trolley prototype for retail Mart is an easy to use
and not required special training. This intelligent trolley
Sr.no RFID Arduino Nano helps customer to reduce the waiting time at the billing
1 MOSI D11 counter, automatically check the all products and generate
2 SDA D10 the total bill for payment. So, customer does not waste their
3 RST D9 time at billing counter, billing done in to trolley itself. By
4 GND GND using smart shopping system, to achieve the security in the
5 3V3 3V3 malls and monitor the theft among the customers and
6 RX D13 employees.

Table 3 - Connection from relay to Arduino Nano  To automatically check the shopping carts, which
decreases the manpower and the employment cost
Sr.no Relay Arduino Nano invested at the billing counter.
1 E+ GND
 To increase the business efficiency by providing
2 E- D3
good service to the customer.
3 A+ A7
4 A- D2  To establish a communication between client and
server, so as to supervise each section continuously.
Table Error! No text of specified style in document. – Pin
Description of Sensor to Relay and Arduino to RFID As the power supply is turned on, the components start
functioning and a welcome message is displayed on the LCD
Pin Description display before the shopping as shown in figure 9.

MOIS Master Out Slave In

SDA Serial pin
RST Reset
GND Ground
RX Receive data
A0 to A7 Analogpins

Fig-9: LCD Display - Before Shopping

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 549
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 12 | Dec 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

After showing passive RFID tag, The RFID reader read the If all items are correct after comparing the data present in
tag information and send to raspberry pi through Arduino the database, then customer can straight away pay the bill
Nano. If all items are correct, then product details displayed and leave the shopping center as shown in figure 13
on LCD as shown in figure 10

Fig-13: All product details are correct-Directly go for

payment

3. CONCLUSIONS
Fig-10: LCD Display- After shopping (Product details)
This project is used in shopping malls to reduce customer
When same product added three times into the cart, RFID waiting time at billing counter. In the current work an rfid
reader read the item three time and displayed on LCD as tag is used as a security card for items. This system develops
shown in figure 11 the safety in shops and also speed the process. The proposed
intelligent shopping trolley is easy to use, inexpensive and
not required any special training. As the whole system is
becoming smart, the requirement of manpower will reduce,
employment cost reduce, reduce the customer waiting time.
By using this smart shopping system users can control the
theft in the mall. The proposed smart system will eliminate
the waiting queues so time efficiency will increase. Number
of customer can be served at a time thus benefiting the
retailers and customers as well.

REFERENCES

[1] Leena Thomas1, Renu Mary George, Amalasree Menon,

Fig-11: Same product added three times Greeshma Rajan, Reshma Kurian." Smart Trolley with
Advanced Billing System "International Journal of
Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and
If there is any mismatch in the cart, such as weight of the Instrumentation Engineering. Volume 6, Issue 3, March
product does not match to weight of the product in database, 2017
then cart detect it as wrong weight, and it shows invalid for [2] Purva S. Puranik1, Parikshit N. Mahalle." IoT
further process as shown in figure 12 Application on Smart and Secure Shopping System
using RFID, Zig-Bee and Gossamer Protocol"
International journal of Engineering and Techniques
Volume 4,Isssue 3,May- June 2018
[3] Shallu Dhauta and Shashank Kapoor." Interactive
Intelligent Shopping Cart using RFID and ZigBee
Modules" International conference on I-SMAC 2017
[4] Zeeshan Ali, Reena Sonkusare." RFID Based Smart
Shopping an Billing" IJARCCE5E Vol. 2, Issue 12,
December 2001
[5] Ankush Yewatkar, Faiz Inamdar, Raj Singh, Ayushya,
Amol Bandale, "Smart Cart with Automatic Billing,
Product Information, Product Recommendation Using
Fig-12: Wrong weight added RFID & Zigbee with Anti-Theft"7th International

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 12 | Dec 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Conference on Communication, Computing and

Virtualization 2016
[6] P.T.Sivagurunathan. P.Seema, R. Sindhu." Smart
Shopping using Smart Trolley" International journal of
pure and applied mathematics volume118.No20. year
2018
[7] Vishwas, Apoorva, Swati R Rsidurga Anand Rao Pawar."
IoT application on Smart Shopping System
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Science
[8] Purva S. Purani , Parikshit N. Mahalle. “IoT Application
on Smart and Secure Shopping System using RFID, Zig-
Bee and Gossamer Protocol” International journal of
Engineering and Techniques volume 4 issue 3-may June
2018
[9] D. Mohanapriya, R. Mohamed Anas, P. Nandhini3, N.M.
Deepika. “Design and Implementation of Smart Basket
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[10] Manan Rao. "RFID Based Smart Trolley Using IOT"
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ISSN: 2319-7064

BIOGRAPHIES
Savita C Teli, P G Student,
Department of Industrial
Engineering and Management,
RV college of Engineering, R V
Vidyaniketan Mysore Road
Bengaluru 560059, Karnataka,
India

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 551