Eton College King’s Scholarship Examination 2018
MATHEMATICS B
(One and a half hours)
Candidate Number:..............................................................................
Please write your candidate number on EVERY sheet.
Please answer on the paper in the spaces provided.
Each question is worth 10 marks.
Show all your working.
Answers without sufficient working may receive little or no credit.
The use of calculators is permittted.
Do not turn over until told to do so.
MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
1. a) Solve for x:
1 3
=
1 16
3+𝑥
b) Solve for x:
1 5
=
1 7
1+ 1
1+𝑥
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
Notice that
5 1 1
= =
11 11⁄5 2 + 1
5
c) Find positive integers a, b, and c such that
1 7
=
1 17
𝑎+ 1
𝑏+𝑐
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
2. T
R x cm
Q
x cm
S
U
x cm
O
3 cm P
OPQR is a square of side length 3 cm. PU = QT = RS = x cm, where 0 < 𝑥 < 3. The
shaded region OSTU has area A.
9
a) Show that 𝐴 = 𝑥 2 − 2 𝑥 + 9
9 2
b) Expand (𝑥 − 4) , simplifying fully.
9 2
c) Hence find a number d such that 𝐴 = (𝑥 − 4) + 𝑑
d) For what value of x is 𝐴 smallest, and what is this area?
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
3. Parallel lines A and B are 120m apart on flat ground. Jeff and Will both run back
and forth between line A and line B, following parallel straight lines, without
bumping into each other.
A B
120m
Jeff starts at line A. When a whistle is blown at time 𝑡 = 0, he runs towards line B at
4m/s. When he reaches line B he instantaneously turns and runs at the exact same
speed back towards line A. He then instantaneously turns and returns to line B, and
so on, indefinitely.
Will starts at line B. When the whistle is blown at time 𝑡 = 0, he runs towards line A
at 6m/s, and continues to run back and forth in the same way as Jeff.
a) What is the first time that Jeff and Will pass by each other?
b) How far from line B are Jeff and Will when they first pass each other?
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
c) What is the second time that Jeff and Will pass each other?
d) How far from line A are Jeff and Will when they pass each other for the third
time?
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
4. a) Show that (1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )(1 − 𝑥) = 1 − 𝑥 3
b) Without using a calculator and showing full working, use part a) to show that:
8
2 4 1 − 343
1+ + =
7 49 2
1−7
c) Multiply out (1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 4 + 𝑥 5 + 𝑥 6 + 𝑥 7 + 𝑥 8 )(1 − 𝑥) and simplify
fully:
d) Without using a calculator and showing full working, evalulate the following sum,
leaving your answer as a fraction:
2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
+ + + + + + +
3 9 27 81 243 729 2187 6561
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
5. Suppose 𝑥 = 0.12̇3̇ = 0.1232323 …
a) State the value of 10x
b) State the value of 1000x
c) Hence show that 990x = 122 and write x as a fraction in its lowest terms.
Suppose now that 𝑦 = 17. 𝑎̇ 𝑏̇ = 17. 𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑏 ….where a and b are integers between 0
and 9.
1683+10𝑎+𝑏
d) By considering 100y, show that 𝑦 = 99
𝑚+10𝑐+𝑑
e) If 𝑧 = 71.7𝑐̇ 𝑑̇, find integers m and n such that 𝑧 = 𝑛
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
1 1
6.a) Express 𝑥 + 𝑦 as a single fraction.
b) Show 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = (𝑥 + 𝑦)2 − 2𝑥𝑦
If 𝑥𝑦 = 5 and 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8:
1 1
c) Calculate the value of 𝑥 2 + 𝑦2 , leaving your answer as a fraction.
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
1 1
d) By considering (𝑥 + 𝑦)3 , calculate the value of 𝑥 3 + 𝑦3 , leaving your answer as a
fraction.
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
7. Throughout this question, leave all answers as exact expressions in terms of 𝜋 and
2𝜋
square roots, for example 2(𝜋 + √3) or etc.
√5
In the diagram below, the circle centred at O has radius 3cm. The curved line AOC is
part of a circle, also of radius 3cm, centred at D. OD is perpendicular to AC.
DIAGRAM 1
B
O D
a) Calculate the length AB.
b) Calculate the area of triangle AOC.
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
c) Calculate the area of sector OADC in diagram 1 (indicated for reference in diagram
2 below).
DIAGRAM 2
C
B
B
D
O
d) Calculate the shaded area indicated in diagram 1.
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
8. Sarah has an accurate analogue wristwatch with a standard 12-hour face including
hour and minute hands.
What is the smaller angle between the minute and hour hands when the time is:
a) 19:45?
b) 15:27?
c) What is the first time after 3pm that the angle between the two hands is 119°?
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MATHEMATICS B CANDIDATE NUMBER _______
d) Sarah starts her homework shortly after 5pm, when the angle between the hands is
128°. Her homework takes her more than 1 hour. When she finishes the homework,
the angle between the hands is 12°. What is the smallest possible time it took Sarah to
complete her homework?
END OF PAPER
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