Jawalakhel, Lalitpur

Submitted by: Submitted To:

Pritam Samanta Tajendra Pacchai
12 'B' 12070 HOD of Computer
 I would like to thank my Computer teacher, Mr.
Tajendra Pacchai for his guidance and support. I
would like to express my deep gratitude towards
the school management and the computer
department of providing the necessary materials
for this project. I would also like to thank my
Principal, Mrs. Bhubaneshwari Rao. I would like to
thank my parents and family for encouraging me
during this project completion period. I would also
like to thank my classmates for giving me the
necessary support during the project. Finally, I
would like to thank the CBSE for giving me the
opportunity to undertake this project.
 Contents
S. N. Name of Topic Page No.

1. Overview of C++ 1

2. ANSI and use of C++ 2

3. Header files used 3

4. File Handling 3

5. Source Code 4-26

6. Output Screen 27-30

7. Conclusion 31

8. Bibliography 31
 CERTIFICATE OF MERIT

This is to certify that this project work on “Snake – The Game” submitted by Pritam Samanta of
class 12 'B' of DAV Sushil Kedia Vishwa Bharati Higher Secondary School, was carried out by him
under the guidance and supervision during the academic session 2016-2017.

_______________________ _________________ ________________

Subject Teacher's Signature Examiner's Signature Principal's Signature

C++ Overview
C++ is a statically typed, compiled, general-purpose, case-sensitive, free-form
programming language that supports procedural, object-oriented, and
generic programming.

C++ is regarded as a middle-level language, as it comprises a combination of

both high-level and low-level language features.

C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup starting in 1979 at Bell Labs in

Murray Hill, New Jersey, as an enhancement to the C language and
originally named C with Classes but later it was renamed C++ in 1983.

C++ is a superset of C, and that virtually any legal C program is a legal C++
program and “Its main purpose was to make writing good programs easier
and more pleasant for the individual programmer.”

Note: A programming language is said to use static typing when type

checking is performed during compile-time as opposed to run-time.

Object-Oriented Programming
C++ fully supports object-oriented programming, including the four pillars of
object-oriented development:

 Encapsulation
 Data hiding
 Inheritance
 Polymorphism

Standard Libraries
Standard C++ consists of three important parts:

 The core language giving all the building blocks including variables,
data types and literals, etc.
 The C++ Standard Library giving a rich set of functions manipulating
files, strings, etc.
 The Standard Template Library (STL) giving a rich set of methods
manipulating data structures, etc.

Page | 1
The ANSI Standard
The ANSI standard is an attempt to ensure that C++ is portable -- that code
you write for Microsoft's compiler will compile without errors, using a compiler
on a Mac, UNIX, a Windows box, or an Alpha.

The ANSI standard has been stable for a while, and all the major C++
compiler manufacturers support the ANSI standard.

Learning C++
The most important thing to do when learning C++ is to focus on concepts
and not get lost in language technical details.

The purpose of learning a programming language is to become a better

programmer; that is, to become more effective at designing and
implementing new systems and at maintaining old ones.

C++ supports a variety of programming styles. You can write in the style of
Fortran, C, Smalltalk, etc., in any language. Each style can achieve its aims
effectively while maintaining runtime and space efficiency.

Use of C++
C++ is used by hundreds of thousands of programmers in essentially every
application domain.

C++ is being highly used to write device drivers and other softwares that rely
on direct manipulation of hardware under real-time constraints.

C++ is widely used for teaching and research because it is clean enough for
successful teaching of basic concepts.

Anyone who has used either an Apple Macintosh or a PC running Windows

has indirectly used C++ because the primary user interfaces of these systems
are written in C++.

Page | 2
Header files used in the program

1. #include<iostream>
Basic header file used in C++ for input output stream.

2. #include<stdlib.h>
This header file is required to declare standard library functions.

3. #include<conio.h>
This header file is used for console input output stream.

4. #include<ctime>
This header file is used for time related function.

5. #include<fstream>
This header file is used for file handling.

6. #include<stdio.h>
This is header file is used of standard input output stream.

7. #include<windows.h>
This is header file is used for windows related function.

8. #define _WIN32_WINNT 0x05232

This macro is required to maximize the console screen.

Page | 3
 Source Code
#include<iostream>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<ctime>

#include<fstream>

#include<stdio.h>

#include<windows.h>

#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x05232

using namespace std;

class getScore

public:

int score,highScore;

getScore()

score=highScore=0;

};

// Declaring all the required function

void run();

void printMap();

void initMap();

void move(int dx, int dy);

Page | 4
void update();

void generateFood();

char getMapValue(int value);

void changeDirection();

void flashColor();

void gotoxy(short x,short y);

void maxConsoleScreen(void);

void hideCur();

void displayS(int x, int y);

void displayN(int x, int y);

void displayA(int x, int y);

void displayK(int x, int y);

void displayE(int x, int y);

int getScreenSize();

void displaySnake1();

void displaySnake();

void displayCredits();

void saveScores();

void displayScores();

int checkChoice(char ans[100],int ,int );

void menuScreen();

void forScore();

void printInstruction();

// Map dimensions

const int mapwidth = 35;

const int mapheight = 68;

const int size = mapwidth * mapheight;

Page | 5
// The tile values for the map

int map[size];

// Snake head details

int headxpos;

int headypos;

int direction;

// Amount of food the snake has (How long the body is)

int food = 3;

//For score

int score1 = 0;

// For level up

int levelUp = 0;

// Determine if game is running

bool running;

long sizes;

int rows,cols;

void gotoxy(short x,short y) //This is to declare gotoxy() function is a Turbo-C++ Function

not a ANSI function

COORD pos = {x,y};

SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),pos);

Page | 6
void maxConsoleScreen(void) //To maximize the console screen

HWND consoleWindow = GetConsoleWindow(); //This gets the value Windows uses to

identify the output window

ShowWindow(consoleWindow,SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED); //This mimics the clicking on it's

maximized button

void hideCur() //To hide the cursor on the screen

HANDLE cmd;

CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cur;

char *str=(char*)malloc(32);

cur.dwSize=1;

cur.bVisible=FALSE;

cmd=GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);

SetConsoleCursorInfo(cmd,&cur);

int getScreenSize() //To get the size of the console screen

int col,row,total;

maxConsoleScreen();

CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;

GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),&csbi);

col=csbi.srWindow.Right-csbi.srWindow.Left+1;

row=csbi.srWindow.Bottom-csbi.srWindow.Top+1;

total=col*1000+row;

return total;

Page | 7
// Main game function

void run()

forScore();

gotoxy(rows+75,cols+16);

cout<<"Score : "<<score1;

// Initialize the map

initMap();

running = true;

while (running)

// If a key is pressed

if (kbhit())

// Change to direction determined by key pressed

changeDirection();

// Update the map

update();

// Clear the screen

system("cls");

// Print the map

printMap();

// wait 0.25 seconds for maintaining speed of snake

_sleep(250);

Page | 8
 // Saves the scores

saveScores();

flashColor();

// Print out game over text

gotoxy(rows+9,cols+36);cols++;

cout<<"___________________________________________________";

gotoxy(rows+30,cols+36); cols+=2;

cout << "|Game over|"; gotoxy(rows+25,cols+36); cols+=2;

cout<<"Press ANY key to end.";

// Stop console from closing instantly

getch();

void flashColor()

system("COLOR 10"); _sleep(55);

system("COLOR 20"); _sleep(55);

system("COLOR 30"); _sleep(55);

system("COLOR 40"); _sleep(55);

system("COLOR 50"); _sleep(55);

system("COLOR 60"); _sleep(55);

system("COLOR 70"); _sleep(55);

void forScore() //For display position of score during gameplay.

sizes=getScreenSize();

rows=sizes%1000;

cols=sizes/1000;
Page | 9
 cols=cols/15;

rows=(44*rows)/45+5;

void printInstruction() //How to play game

system("cls");

displaySnake1();

long size;

int row,col;

size=getScreenSize();

row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

col=(col/3)-5;

row=row/2;

gotoxy(col-1,row); cout<<"Classic snake game! Player can move the snake all around
the enclosed box."; row++;

gotoxy(col,row); cout<<"Player can use WASD keys or the arrow keys to control the
snake. Press W ";row++;

gotoxy(col-1,row); cout<<"or up arrow key to go up, press A or left arrow key to go left,
press S or"; row++;

gotoxy(col,row); cout<<"down arrow key to go down, press D or right arrow key to go

right. It is"; row++;

gotoxy(col,row); cout<<"highly recommended to use WASD keys instead of arrows keys

as there is a "; row++;

gotoxy(col-1,row); cout<<"slight problem with the arrows keys. Bonus food appears only
after player"; row++;

gotoxy(col+6,row); cout<<" eats 10 noraml food. Bonus food adds up 3 points.";row++;

gotoxy(col+9,row+3); cout<<"_______________________________________________";

gotoxy(col+14,row+5); cout<<"Press ANY key to return to main menu";

getch();

menuScreen();

Page | 10
}

void changeDirection() // Changes snake direction from input

forScore();

gotoxy(rows+75,cols+16);

cout<<"Score : "<<score1;

/*

A+D

and arrow keys

*/

switch (getch())

case 'w':

if (direction != 2) direction = 0;

break;

case 'd':

if (direction != 3) direction = 1;

break;

case 's':

if (direction != 4) direction = 2;

break;

case 'a':

if (direction != 5) direction = 3;

break;

case 'W':

if (direction != 2) direction = 0;
Page | 11
 break;

case 'D':

if (direction != 3) direction = 1;

break;

case 'S':

if (direction != 4) direction = 2;

break;

case 'A':

if (direction != 5) direction = 3;

break;

case 75: //ASCII code for left

if (direction != 5) direction = 3;

break;

case 77: //ASCII code for right

if (direction != 3) direction = 1;

break;

case 72: //ASCII code for up

if (direction != 2) direction = 0;

break;

case 80: //ASCII code for down

if (direction != 4) direction = 2;

break;

case 27:

gotoxy(rows+20,cols+16);

cout<<"Paused. Press ANY key to continue.";

getch();

break;

Page | 12
// Moves snake head to new location

void move(int dx, int dy)

forScore();

gotoxy(rows+75,cols+16);

cout<<"Score : "<<score1;

// determine new head position

int newx = headxpos + dx;

int newy = headypos + dy;

// Check if there is food at location

if (map[newx + newy * mapwidth] == -2)

// Increase food value (body length)

food++; levelUp++;

if(levelUp==11 && (map[newx + newy * mapwidth] == -2))

levelUp=0;

score1=score1+3;

else

score1++;

// Generate new food on map

generateFood();

Page | 13
 // Check location is free

else if (map[newx + newy * mapwidth] != 0)

running = false;

// Move head to new location

headxpos = newx;

headypos = newy;

map[headxpos + headypos * mapwidth] = food + 1;

// Generates new food on map

void generateFood()

forScore();

gotoxy(rows+75,cols+16);

cout<<"Score : "<<score1;

srand(time(0));

int x = 0;

int y = 0;

do {

// Generate random x and y values within the map

x = rand() % (mapwidth - 2) + 1;

y = rand() % (mapheight - 2) + 1;

// If location is not free try again

} while (map[x + y * mapwidth] != 0);

Page | 14
 // Place new food

map[x + y * mapwidth] = -2;

// Updates the map

void update()

forScore();

gotoxy(rows+75,cols+16);

cout<<"Score : "<<score1;

// Move in direction indicated

switch (direction)

case 0: move(-1, 0);

break;

case 1: move(0, 1);

break;

case 2: move(1, 0);

break;

case 3: move(0, -1);

break;

// Reduce snake values on map by 1

for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)

if (map[i] > 0) map[i]--;

Page | 15
// Initializes map

void initMap()

forScore();

gotoxy(rows+75,cols+16);

cout<<"Score : "<<score1;

// Places the initual head location in middle of map

headxpos = mapwidth / 2;

headypos = mapheight / 2;

map[headxpos + headypos * mapwidth] = 1;

// Places top and bottom walls

for (int x = 0; x < mapwidth; ++x)

map[x] = -1;

map[x + (mapheight - 1) * mapwidth] = -1;

// Places left and right walls

for (int y = 0; y < mapheight; y++)

map[0 + y * mapwidth] = -1;

map[(mapwidth - 1) + y * mapwidth] = -1;

// Generates first food

generateFood();

// Prints the map to console

Page | 16
void printMap()

forScore();

gotoxy(rows+75,cols+16);

cout<<"Score : "<<score1;

long size;

int row,col;

size=getScreenSize();

row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

col=col/15;

row=(44*row)/45;

for (int x = 0; x < mapwidth; ++x)

gotoxy(row+5,col);

for (int y = 0; y < mapheight; ++y)

// Prints the value at current x,y location

cout << getMapValue(map[x + y * mapwidth]);

// Ends the line for next x value

cout << endl; col++;

// Returns graphical character for display from map value

char getMapValue(int value)

srand(time(0));
Page | 17
 int randFood;

// Returns a part of snake body

if (value > 0) return 'o';

switch(value)

case -1: // Return wall

return 'X';

case -2:

if( levelUp != 10) // Return normal food

return char(162);

else if(levelUp == 10) // Return special food

randFood = rand()%10+1;

if(randFood==1)

return char(145);

if(randFood==2)

return char(148);

if(randFood==3)

return char(235);

if(randFood==4)

return char(237);

if(randFood==5)

return char(232);

if(randFood==6)

return char(233);

if(randFood==7)

return char(149);
Page | 18
 if(randFood==8)

return char(236);

if(randFood==9)

return char(167);

if(randFood==10)

return char(234);

void displayS(int x, int y)

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" ___________"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| ______|"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |______"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|_______ |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" _______| |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|___________|"<<endl;

void displayN(int x, int y)

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" _________ ____"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| \\ | |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |\\ \\ | |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| | \\ \\ | |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| | \\ \\| |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|____| \\_________|"<<endl;

Page | 19
void displayA(int x, int y)

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" ____________ "<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" / ____ \\"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |____| |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| ____ |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| | | |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|____| |____|"<<endl;

void displayK(int x, int y)

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" ___ _____"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |/ /"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |/ /"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| <"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |\\ \\"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|___| \\____\\"<<endl;

void displayE(int x, int y)

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" _________"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| ______|"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |__ "<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| __|"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |______"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|_________|"<<endl;

Page | 20
void displaySnake1() //To display SNAKE in screen without delay

long size;

int row,col;

size=getScreenSize();

row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

row=row/3;

col=col/4;

displayS(col,row);

displayN(col+19,row);

displayA(col+45,row);

displayK(col+67,row);

displayE(col+85,row);

void displaySnake() //To display SNAKE in screen

long size;

int row,col;

size=getScreenSize();

row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

row=row/3;

col=col/4; _sleep(300);

displayS(col,row); _sleep(300);

displayN(col+19,row); _sleep(300);

displayA(col+45,row); _sleep(300);

displayK(col+67,row); _sleep(300);

displayE(col+85,row);
Page | 21
 gotoxy(col+30,row+17);

_sleep(300);

cout<<"Press ANY key to begin........";

getch();

void displayCredits() //To display the credits

displaySnake1();

long size;

int row,col;

size=getScreenSize();

row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

col=(col/3)-5;

row=row/2;

gotoxy(col,row); cout<<" These are the people because of which this project has been
possible."; row++;

gotoxy(col,row);
cout<<"===================================================================
======"; row+=3;

gotoxy(col+2,row); cout<<"1. Abhinay Shah"; row++;

gotoxy(col+2,row); cout<<"2. Hrithik Chaudhary"; row++;

gotoxy(col+2,row); cout<<"3. Anish Ansari"; row++;

gotoxy(col+2,row); cout<<"4. Pritam Samanta"; row++;

gotoxy(col+9,row+3); cout<<"_______________________________________________";

gotoxy(col+14,row+5); cout<<"Press ANY key to return to main menu";

getch();

menuScreen();

Page | 22
void saveScores() // This will save scores

fstream fSave,fRead;

getScore scores;

fRead.open("score.dat",ios::in|ios::binary);

fRead.read((char*)&scores,sizeof(scores));

fRead.close();

if(scores.highScore < score1)

scores.highScore=score1;

scores.score=score1;

fSave.open("score.dat",ios::out|ios::binary);

fSave.write((char*)&scores,sizeof(scores));

fSave.close();

void displayScores() //To get scores

displaySnake1();

long size;

int row,col;

size=getScreenSize();

row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

col=(col/3)-5;

row=row/2;

fstream fIn;

getScore score;

fIn.open("score.dat",ios::in|ios::binary);

fIn.read((char*)&score,sizeof(score));

fIn.close();
Page | 23
 gotoxy(col+18,row+3); cout<<"Score : "<<score.score;

gotoxy(col+18,row+5); cout<<"High-Score : "<<score.highScore;

gotoxy(col+9,row+10); cout<<"_______________________________________________";

gotoxy(col+14,row+11); cout<<"Press ANY key to return to main menu";

getch();

menuScreen();

int checkChoice(char ans[100],int row,int col)

if(!strcmp(ans,"1"))

return 1;

else if(!strcmp(ans,"2"))

return 2;

else if(!strcmp(ans,"3"))

return 3;

else if(!strcmp(ans,"4"))

return 4;

else if(!strcmp(ans,"5"))

return 5;

else

ans[100]=NULL;

gotoxy(col+3,row+7);

cout<<"Error. Please enter again";

_sleep(1500);

menuScreen();

Page | 24
void menuScreen() // To display menu screen

system("cls");

displaySnake1();

long size;

int select,row,col;

char ans[100];

size=getScreenSize();

row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

col=col/3+8;

row=row/2;

gotoxy(col+3,row); cout<<"1. Start the game"; row++;

gotoxy(col+3,row); cout<<"2. Scores"; row++;

gotoxy(col+3,row); cout<<"3. Credits"; row++;

gotoxy(col+3,row); cout<<"4. Instructions"; row++;

gotoxy(col+3,row); cout<<"5. EXIT"; row++;

gotoxy(col,row+4); cout<<"Enter your choice : ";

gets(ans);

select=checkChoice(ans,row,col);

switch(select)

case 1:

system("cls");

run(); //To begin the main game

getch();

break;

case 2:

system("cls");
Page | 25
 displayScores(); //To display scores

break;

case 3:

system("cls");

displayCredits(); //To display credits

break;

case 4:

printInstruction(); //To print information

break;

case 5:

system("exit"); //To exit

break;

int main()

system("COLOR 70");

hideCur();

displaySnake(); //Displays SNAKE with animation

menuScreen();

Page | 26
Output Screen

Page | 27
Page | 28
Page | 29
Page | 30
Conclusion

In this way a snake game was successfully created in

C++.

Bibliography
 Dhanpat Rai & Co. Computer Science Textbook XII
 http://www.cplusplus.com/forum/general/7258/
 https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-
US/5e20d71d-a538-45b7-9cd1-b5b0d95be948/maximizing-
the-c-console-window?forum=vcgeneral
 https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-
us/library/windows/desktop/ms648396(v=vs.85).aspx
 http://www.gamedev.net/topic/201413-hiding-text-cursor-in-
c-console-applications/
 http://www.cplusplus.com/forum/beginner/5830/
 http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/topic/99121-time-delay-
output/

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