FINAL YEAR: ELECTRONICS AND

TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION
(RC 2016-17)

SEMESTER – VIII

Scheme of
Instruction Scheme of Examination
Subject Name of the Hrs/Week
Code Subject Th Marks
L T P# Dur
Th S TW P O Total
(Hrs)
Information
ETC 8.1 Theory and 3 1 2 3 100 25 -- 25 -- 150
Coding
ETC/ECE Advanced
3 1 2 3 100 25 -- -- -- 125
8.2 Communication
ETC/ECE
Elective – III 3 1 2 3 100 25 -- -- 25 150
8.3
ETC/ECE
Elective – IV 3 1 2 3 100 25 -- -- 25 150
8.4
ETC/ECE
Project * -- -- 8 -- -- -- 75 -- 75 150
8.5
TOTAL 12 4 16 400 100 75 25 125 725

* Term Work in Project is a separate Head of Passing

#A candidate is considered to have successfully fulfilled the requirement of a semester,

provided he/ she submits to the department a certified journal reporting the experiments
conducted during the semester.

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 ETC 8.1 INFORMATION THEORY AND CODING

Scheme of
Instruction Scheme of Examination
Subject Name of the Hrs/Week
Code Subject Th Marks
L T P Duration
(Hrs) Th S TW O P Total

Information
ETC 8.1 Theory And 3 1 2 3 100 25 -- -- 25 150
Coding

Course Objectives:
The subject aims to provide the student with:
1. An understanding of information theoretic behavior of a communication system.
2. A perspective of problems associated with channel capacity of the different types
of the communication channels.
3. An ability to calculate the efficiency of the source using the various source coding
techniques.
4. An understanding of various channel coding techniques.

Course Outcomes:
The student after undergoing this course will be able to:
1. Determine the marginal, joint and conditional entropy of a communication
system.
2. Calculate the mutual information of the communication channel.
3. Calculate the entropy of second order Markov source.
4. Evaluate the channel capacity of the different types of the communication
channels.
5. Encode the data using various source coding techniques and determine their
efficiencies.
6. Code and decode the data using the various channel coding techniques.
7. Compare error rates in coded and un-coded transmission.

UNIT - 1 (12 hours)

Information Theory: Information content, unit of information, Entropy, Entropy of

binary source, rate of information, Joint entropy and conditional entropy. Mutual
Information and channel capacity: Noise free channel, Channel with independent input and
output, Symmetric channel, Binary symmetric channel (BSC), Binary erasure channel
(BEC), cascaded channels, repetition of signals, extension of the Zero Memory Sources.
Sources with finite memory: Markov sources. Extension of Binary Channels.

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 UNIT - 2 (12 hours)
Shannon’s Theorem, Capacity of Gaussian channel: Shannon-Hartley Theorem, Bandwidth
–S/N Tradeoff, Shannon Limit.
Source Coding: Coding efficiency, Shannon’s first fundamental theorem, Lossless coding
algorithm, Kraft’s inequality, Variable length source coding: Shannon –Fano coding,
Huffman coding, (D-ary compact codes), Lempel-Ziv (LZ) coding, Lossy data compression:
Rate distortion theory.
UNIT - 3 (12 hours)
Error Control Coding: Types of codes, Error Probability with Repetition in the Binary
Symmetric Channel, Parity Check bit for error detection, Hamming distance.
Linear Block Codes, Syndrome and error detection, standard array and syndrome decoding
for error correction, Probability of undetected error for linear block codes.
Single Parity Check Bit Code, Repeated Codes, Hadamard Code, Hamming Codes, Reed
Muller codes, dual codes.
Cyclic Codes: Algebraic Structure of cyclic codes ,Binary cyclic code properties, Encoding
in systematic form, Circuit for dividing polynomials, Systematic encoding with an (n-k)
stage shift register, error detection with an (n-k) stage shift register, Golay Code, BCH
Codes.

UNIT - 4 (12 hours)

Burst Error Correction: Block Interleaving, Convolutional Interleaving, Reed Solomon
(RS) Code, Concatenated Codes.
Convolutional Coding: Code Generation, Generator Matrix, code tree, State and Trellis
Diagrams for Convolutional codes, types of Convolutional codes, their realizations,
catastrophic encoders. Decoding Convolutional Code: using code tree, decoding in the
presence of noise, Sequential decoding, The Viterbi algorithm.
Comparison of Error rates in coded and uncoded transmission, Introduction to Turbo
Codes, Turbo Decoding, Automatic Repeat request, Performance of ARQ systems.

Recommended Readings:
1. Herbert Taub, Donald Schilling, Goutam Saha; Principles of Communication Systems;
Tata McGraw Hill
2. R. P. Singh, S. Sapre; Communication systems: Analog and Digital, 3rd Ed.; Tata McGraw
Hill
3. J.Das, S. K. Mullick, P. K. Chatterjee; Principles of Digital Communication; John Wiley
4. Bernard Sklar; Digital Communications : Fundamental & Applications, 2nd Edition;
Pearson Education
5. Ranjan Bose; Information Theory, Coding & Cryptography, 2nd Edition; Tata McGraw
Hill Publishing Company Limited.

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List of Experiments:
(At least 8 experiments should be conducted from the list of experiments.)
1. MATLAB program that takes in channel transition probability matrix and computes
the Mutual Information
2. MATLAB program to compute the channel capacity of the BSC channel
3. MATLAB program to compute the channel capacity of the BEC channel
4. MATLAB program to compute the channel capacity of the cascaded BSC channel
5. MATLAB program to compute the channel capacity of the BSC channel with the two
repetition of inputs
6. Simulate binary Huffman code in MATLAB. Find average length, entropy and coding
efficiency of the code.
7. Simulate binary Shannon-Fano code in MATLAB. Find average length, entropy and
coding efficiency of the code.
8. Simulate binary Lempel-Ziv code in MATLAB. Find average length, entropy and
coding efficiency of the code.
9. MATLAB program to encode messages for a forward error correction system with a
given Linear block code.
10. MATLAB program to perform Linear Block encoding and decoding.
11. MATLAB program to encode and decode messages for a system with Cyclic
Redundancy code.
12. MATLAB program to Reed-Solomon encoding and decoding.
13. MATLAB program to perform Convolutional encoding.
14. MATLAB program to perform Convolutional decoding using Viterbi algorithm.
15. MATLAB Study of Turbo codes.

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 ETC/ECE 8.2 ADVANCED COMMUNICATION

Scheme of
Instruction Scheme of Examination
Subject Name of the Hrs/Week
Code Subject Th Marks
L T P Duration
(Hrs) Th S TW O P Total

ETC/ECE Advanced
3 1 2 3 100 25 -- -- -- 125
8.2 Communication

Course Objectives:
The subject aims to provide the student with:
1. In depth understanding about the science behind the orbiting satellites, satellite
orbital mechanics and their parameters, satellite subsystems and earth station
equipment.
2. Conceptual knowledge of factors affecting the satellite link design, multiple
access schemes, Global Positioning systems and VSAT systems.
3. Coverage of the basic concepts of ray and mode theory of light propagation
through optical fibers, fiber impairments, fiber joints and connectors.
4. Knowledge of construction and working of Optical Sources and Photo-detectors,
WDM concepts and Optical Networks.

Course Outcomes:
The student after undergoing this course will be able to:
1. Explain the orbits of satellites, satellite launch mechanism, satellite hardware
and Earth station design.
2. Describe the concepts of signal propagation effects, frequency and noise
considerations which affect satellite link design.
3. Investigate various multiple access techniques used for satellite communication.
4. Describe the fundamentals underlying the operation of VSAT systems and GPS.
5. Recognize and classify the structures of Optical fiber and types and discuss the
channel impairments like absorption losses, attenuation, scattering and
dispersion.
6. Examine various optical sources and photo-detectors and discuss their principle
and performance parameters.
7. Explain principle of working and components of WDM optical systems.

UNIT - 1 (12 hours)

Satellite Orbits: Advantages and disadvantages of Satellite communications, Satellite

Communication System, Kepler’s Laws of planetary motion, Types of orbits-based on
altitude, eccentricity, orbital plane, description of satellite orbit, location of satellite with
respect to earth, orbital elements, Look angles, earth coverage and slant range, eclipse
effects, orbital perturbations, placing of satellite in geostationary orbit, Station keeping
and Satellite Stabilization.

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Satellite Subsystems: Electric power supply, Altitude and Orbit Control, Propulsion
Subsystem, Communication Subsystem (Repeaters/Transponders), Antenna Subsystems,
Telemetry-Tracking-Command and Monitoring, Thermal Control Subsystem, Structure
Subsystem.
Earth Station: Types of Earth Station, Design Considerations and Earth system sub-
systems.
Applications of satellite communications: Satellite Television, Satellite Telephony, Earth
observation (Remote Sensing), weather forecast, scientific studies.

UNIT - 2 (12 hours)

Satellite Link Design: Link design equations, system noise temperature, C/N and G/T
Ratio, Uplink design, complete Link design, Frequency considerations, Propagation
considerations, interference related problems, earth station parameters.
Multiple Access: Frequency Division Multiple access, Time Division Multiple access,
TDMA Frame, Burst and Superframe structure, FDMA v/s TDMA, Satellite switched TDMA,
Beam Hopping TDMA, Space division Multiple Access.
VSAT satellite systems: VSAT concept, VSAT/ Wireless local loop networks. VSAT
network architectures, multiple access methods, Applications of VSAT networks.
Global positioning Satellite systems: GPS segments, Working principle, GPS signal
structure, GPS Positioning services and positioning modes, Trilateration method.

UNIT - 3 (12 hours)

Overview of optical fiber communication: Optical spectral bands, key elements of
optical fiber systems, advantages, disadvantages and applications of optical fiber
communication.
Optical fiber waveguides: Ray theory transmission: Total internal reflection, acceptance
angle, numerical aperture, skew rays. Optical fiber modes and configurations, single mode
fibers, graded index fiber structures, cut-off wavelength, mode-field diameter.
Transmission characteristics of optical fibers: Attenuation, material absorption, linear
scattering, bending loss, chromatic dispersion, intermodal dispersion.
Optical fiber joints and connectors: Fiber to fiber joints, fiber misalignments, Fiber
splices: fusion and mechanical, fiber connectors: cylindrical ferrule and expanded beam.

UNIT - 4 (12 hours)

Optical Sources: Energy bands, direct and indirect bandgap.
LED structures: edge emitter LEDs and surface emitter LEDs, Quantum efficiency and LED
power, modulation of LED.
Laser diodes: absorption, emission of radiation, population inversion, laser diode modes
and threshold conditions, Fabry-Perot Laser diode, distributed feedback Laser diode. (4
Hours)
Photo-detectors: PN photodiode, PIN photodiode, Avalanche Photodiode, Quantum
efficiency, responsivity, cut-off wavelength.

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WDM concepts and components: Operational principles and standards of WDM. Passive
optical couplers: 2x2 fiber coupler, Star Coupler, Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
Multiplexers. Optical Isolator and circulator. Basics of Grating, Fiber Bragg grating &
applications.
Optical Networks: SONET/SDH transmission formats and speeds, SONET/SDH Rings,
SONET/SDH Networks.

Recommended Readings:
1. D. C. Agarwal; Satellite Communications, 6th Edition, Khanna Publishers
2. Timothy Pratt, Charles Bostian, Jeremy Allnutt; Satellite Communications, 2nd Edition,
Wiley Publications
3. Anil K Maini, Varsha Agarwal; Satellite Communications; Wiley Publications.
4. Gerd Keiser; Optical Fiber Communication, 4th Edition, McGraw Hill Publications.
5. John M Senior; Optical Fiber Communications, 5th Edition, Pearson Education.

List of Experiments:
(At least 8 experiments should be conducted from the list of experiments.)
(SATELLITE COMMUNICATION)
1. Setting up communication link and study of change in uplink and downlink
frequency.
2. Establishing audio-video satellite link between Transmitter and Receiver
3. Study of Frequency Hopping (FHSS) Modulation and Demodulation
4. Study of Direct Sequence (DSSS) Modulation and Demodulation
5. Study of PN sequence generation
6. Tele-commands transmission and reception via Satellite
7. Calculation of C/N ratio and S/N ratio of satellite link
8. Study of GPS data like longitude, latitude using GPS receiver
9. Simulation of different aspects of satellite communication systems on MATLAB
10. Study of Satellite Tool kit (STK) from Analytics Graphics(evaluation version) and its
application in Satellite Communication systems

(OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION)

1. Establishing 650nm fiber optic analog and digital link
2. Study of intensity modulation technique using analog input signal and digital input
signal.
3. Measurement of Numerical Aperture of different fiber cables
4. Measurement of power emitted by LED
5. Attenuation and coupling losses in optical fiber
6. Transmission characteristics of LED and LASER diode.
7. Operational characteristics of Photodiode as a photo-detector.
8. Simulation of different aspects of optical fiber communication systems on MATLAB
or any open source simulator.

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 ETC/ECE 8.3.2 ELECTRONIC COMMERCE

Scheme of
Instruction Scheme of Examination
Subject Name of the Hrs/Week
Code Subject Th Marks
L T P Duration
(Hrs) Th S TW O P Total

ETC/ECE Electronic 3 1 2 3 100 25 -- 25 -- 150

8.3.2 Commerce

Course Objectives:
The subject aims to provide the student with:
1. An introduction to E-Commerce fundamentals, technologies and models.
2. An ability to plan and implement E-commerce platforms.
3. An understanding of security aspects of E-Commerce.
4. An introduction to Electronic payment systems.

Course Outcomes:
The student after undergoing this course will be able to:
1. Evaluate different e-commerce technologies and models.
2. Plan and implement basic E-Commerce platforms.
3. Evaluate security aspects of E-Commerce platforms.
4. Implement security technologies in E commerce platforms.
5. Evaluate right electronic payment system for a given e commerce model.

UNIT - 1 (12 hours)

Overview of E-Commerce technology: What is E-commerce? Types of E-commerce
technologies, Types of E-Business models and markets, Types of E-Commerce providers
and vendors.
UNIT - 2 (12 hours)
Designing and building E-commerce websites: hands on. E-Commerce website creation.
Managing e-commerce website development.
Implementing and managing e-Commerce websites: Strategies, techniques and tools.
Implementing e-commerce databases.

UNIT - 3 (12 hours)

E-Commerce security: Types of security technologies, protocols for public transport of
private information. Building an E-commerce trust infrastructure. The Digital ID system.
Securing and managing storefront for e-business.

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 UNIT - 4 (12 hours)
Electronic payment technologies: Payment technology issues, Electronic payment
methods through smart cards, Electronic payment systems, Digital currencies
International E-commerce solutions.

Recommended Readings:
1. Pete Loshin, John Vacca; Electronic Commerce, 4th Edition; Charles River Media (Laxmi
Publications)
2. Ravi Kalakota, Andrew Whinston; Electronic Commerce- A Manager‘s guide; Pearson
education.
3. Daniel Minoli, Emma Minoli; Web Commerce Technology Handbook; TataMcGraw Hill.
4. Charlie Kaufman, Radia Perlman, Mike Speliner; Network Security-Private
communication in public world; Pearson education.

List of Experiments:
(At least 8 experiments should be conducted from the list of experiments.)
1. Case study of different E Commerce platform
2. Building a user friendly web site for E-Commerce
3. Setting up a web server
4. Implementation of security aspects for web site
5. Implementing a database for E-Commerce web site
a. SQL
b. JDBC
c. ODBC
d. XML
e. CORBA
6. Implantation of SSL for E-Commerce website
7. Case study of different electronic payments systems
8. Study of digital currencies (like BitCoin, ZCoin)
9. Case study of UPI and BHIM payment system

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 ETC/ECE 8.4.9 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS

Scheme of
Instruction Scheme of Examination
Subject Name of the Hrs/Week
Code Subject Th Marks
L T P Duration
(Hrs) Th S TW O P Total

ETC/ECE Consumer 3 1 2 3 100 25 -- 25 -- 150

8.4.9 Electronics

Course Objectives:
The subject aims to provide the student with:
1. An understanding of basic characteristics of sound, microphones, loudspeakers,
sound recording with its reproduction and public address systems.
2. An understanding of signal generation to test various sections of TV receiver.
3. An introduction to various electronic household and office appliances.
4. An understanding of the concepts and techniques in marketing.

Course Outcomes:
The student after undergoing this course will be able to:
1. Evaluate the choice of appropriate microphones and loudspeakers for recording
and reproduction of sound for various environmental surroundings.
2. Design block level and circuit level systems for sound recording and
reproduction.
3. Explain the construction and working of the different types of electronic
household and office appliances.
4. Identify major risks associated with the circuits in electrical appliances and
strategies to mitigate those risks.
5. Develop, evaluate, and implement marketing management in a variety of
business environments.

UNIT - 1 (12 hours)

Electro acoustical Transducers: Microphones, Loudspeakers, Pick-up characteristics,
specifications and applications.
Sound Recording and Reproduction: Principle and Block schematic of disc recording
system, magnetic recording system, optical recording system, compact disc and video
recording.
Audio Amplifier and subsystems: Audio mixers, tone controls, Graphic equalizers,
Features of Hi-Fi and stereo systems, Dolby system, Public Address systems.

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 UNIT - 2 (12 hours)
Testing, Alignment & Servicing of Television Receivers: Testing and Alignment of TV
receivers, TV Wobbuloscope, Video Pattern Generators, Marker Generator, Colour bar
generator, Vectroscope.
Cable Television: Modern cable TV system, signal processing, Cable TV converter,
Satellite Television, Direct broadcast satellite TV.
Digital Television System, Three-dimensional (3D) TV, stereoscopic effect with the aid of
special glasses, autostereoscopic methods.
Projection Television: Laser Projection system, LCD projection system.
High Definition television systems: HDTV Systems, HDTV standards and compatibility.

UNIT - 3 (12 hours)

Modern home appliances with electronic control: Microwave oven, washing machine,
Air-conditioner, Digital video disc (DVD ) player , Blu –Ray Disc, MP3 player, Digital
Camera, Remote control, Inverters, UPS, Refrigerator, Iron, Kittle.
Working principle of photocopying, scanner, fax machine, Risograph, solar cell panels and
solar water heater. Maintenance and safety measures.
Electricity in home: electric lighting, electric heating, Dangers of Electricity & Safety
Precautions.

UNIT - 4 (12 hours)

Marketing planning: Importance of marketing planning, steps involved in marketing

planning process scanning the marketing environment and spotting the business
opportunities, setting the market objectives.
Marketing strategy: the meaning & significance of marketing strategy, formulating the
marketing strategy. Techniques and practices for mass production for reliable production.
Costing: overview of costing and marketing communication.
Entrepreneurship Awareness. Introduction to Energy auditing.
Patents: Introduction to patents.

Recommended Readings:
1. Gupta B. R.; Consumer Electronics; S.K. Kataria & Sons
2. R. G. Gupta; Audio and Video Systems: Principles, Maintenance and Troubleshooting;
Tata McGraw-Hill
3. S. P. Bali; Consumer Electronics; Pearson
4. V. S. Ramaswamy, J. Namakumari; Marketing management planning, implementation
and control, 2nd Edition; McMillan
5. Tom Duncan; Electronics for Today and Tomorrow; Hodder Education
6. R. G. Gupta; Television engineering and video systems; Tata McGraw-Hill
7. H. S. Kalsi; Electronic Instrumentation; Tata McGraw Hill

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List of Experiments:
(At least 8 experiments should be conducted from the list of experiments.)
1. Determination of frequency response of microphone.
2. Determination of frequency response of loudspeaker.
3. Determination of frequency response of crossover networks.
4. To study the working of a microwave oven.
5. Study of Semi-Automatic Washing machine trainer &Fault finding.
6. To study the various components of a Fully Automatic Washing Machine.
7. To study Risograph machine.
8. To study the basic operation of facsimile.
9. To study the various components of sound mixer.
10. To Study Fault simulation and step-by-step Fault finding of B/W TV.
11. To study the basic operation of TV pattern generator
12. To identify and understand different sections and components of mobile phone unit
such as ringer section, dialer section, receiver section, transmitter section, etc.
13. To study the basic operation of photocopying machine.
14. To study the various components of Iron and kittle.

215
 ETC/ECE 8.5 PROJECT

Scheme of
Instruction Scheme of Instruction
Subject Name of the Hrs/Week
Code Subject Th. Marks
L T P Duration
(Hrs) TH S TW P O Total
ETC/ECE
Project -- -- 8 -- -- -- 75 -- 75 150
8.5

Guidelines for Project Work:

1. Students shall carry out the required experimental/field/ numerical / analysis/

design / any other work related to the project during the semester.
2. Students shall perform the project work using institute/industry facilities.
3. Students shall maintain a project book including observations, readings, calculations
and all other relevant data related to the project.
4. The student shall continuously update the project book and submit the same to the
guide.

TERM WORK:

Project Report: It is expected to show clarity of thought and expression, critical

appreciation of the existing literature, and analytical, computational, experimental
aptitudes of the student through project report.

The Project report shall be submitted in a standard format (prepared using LaTeX) and
shall consist of the following:
a. Statement of problem
b. Objective and Scope of the study
c. Literature review
d. Methodology
e. Results and Discussions
f. Conclusions
g. References

Review:
Monthly review to assess the progress of the project work will be conducted by the Guide.
Students shall submit afinal project report to the department in the form of hard and soft
copy after answering the final examination.

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