California Wine Guide
California Wine Guide
California
California is the center of the wine world in the United States. Every one of the
world’s noble grape varieties thrives in California’s diverse microclimates and soil
types. Though as a wine-producing region California is relatively young, the soils that
contribute to California’s finest wines have been developing for 10 million years. The
first vinifera vines were planted by Franciscan missionaries in 1770 but it wasn’t until
two centuries later, having survived Prohibition and phylloxera, that California’s wine
industry truly gained momentum. Today, nearly 90% of all wines made in the United
States are produced in California and it is home to the great majority of the country’s
American Viticultural Areas (AVAs).
• Reading a
California Wine
Label
• Understanding
California’s AVAs
and Terroir
• Exploring
California Wine
Regions
• Kobrand’s
Foley Estates
California
Portfolio
The California wine label
Vintage Date
Viticultural Area (AVA) Specifies the year the grapes
were harvested. For wines which
A viticultural area is a
designate an AVA, at least 95%
defined grape-growing region
of the grapes must be of the
distinguished by its soil,
specified vintage. For wines with
climate, history and geographic
a general “California” designation,
features. If a viticultural area
the minimum drops to 85%.
is cited on the label, at least
85% of the wine must be
produced from grapes grown
in that area. California law Varietal Designations
requires that 100% of the grapes Varietal designations, the names
come from within California. of the grapes predominantly used
to make the wine, are not required
to appear on a wine label;
however, if listed, at least 75% of
the grapes used to make the wine
must be of that variety and an
AVA must also be designated.
Estate Bottled
(when applicable)
Indicates that 100% of the wine
comes from grapes grown on land
owned or controlled by the winery Bottling Specifications
(which must be located in the The name or trade name and
AVA specified on the label). The address of the bottler must
complete winemaking process appear on the label.
through bottling must take place
on the winery’s premises.
Alcohol Content
Declaration of Sulfites Alcohol content in percent by
volume or the words “Table Wine”
Required on any wine that
(to indicate the wine contains
contains 10 parts per million
between 7% and 14%) must
(ppm) or greater of sulfur dioxide.
appear on the label.
Net Contents
Federal Health Warning Representing the liquid volume in
Required on all alcoholic metric measurement, net contents
beverages containing 0.5% or must be included on the label
greater alcohol by volume. or blown into the bottle glass.
Understanding California’s
Terroir and AVAs
California’s Terroir What is an AVA?
The various types of terroir found in California vineyards are a An American Viticultural Area (AVA) is a designated grape growing
winemaker’s paradise. Loosely translated, the concept of terroir region distinguishable by geographical features, the boundaries of
can be defined as all the environmental factors (the vineyard’s which have been recognized and defined by the Alcohol and Tobacco
soil composition, topography, exposures, sunlight, orientation, Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB). The TTB developed this system of
rainfall, drainage, climate and weather patterns, etc.) that affect geographical designations in 1983. The only requirement of an AVA
a vineyard. In California, choice combinations of calcareous is that 85% of the grapes must come from within the AVA in order
shale and limestone, volcanic rock or loamy sand sit atop layers for it to appear on a label. While the area of origin has a vital impact
of metamorphic rock only a few meters underneath, all of which on the quality of grapes, an AVA is not a designation of quality
provide mineral-laden nutrients to vines that penetrate deep into and no other regulations are bound to it, i.e. it does not regulate
the strata to find water. Long, sun-filled days with cooling, grape varieties grown in the given region, maximum yields or aging
coastal breezes and chilly, dry nights with low yearly rainfall requirements. AVAs vary drastically in size, ranging from the Ohio
provide grapes extended “hang times” and the fruit is harvested River Valley AVA of 16,640,000 acres across four states to California’s
when growers determine optimum phenolic ripeness. There is Cole Ranch AVA of less than a quarter of a square mile.
little annual rush to harvest before rainfall, hail or frost, as there
is in France, Italy and Spain. Most vineyards are “dry-farmed”
(without irrigation) which reduces vine vegetation and grape
yields, with the effect that vines produce fewer bunches of
smaller grapes with more intense concentration of aromatic
depth and flavor complexity.
California AVAs
AVA Name Acreage* Effective Date AVA Name Acreage* Effective Date
Grape Variety Region Character I Use Aromas & Flavors Kobrand Examples
Cabernet Franc Napa Valley, Medium-bodied, lighter color, Ripe raspberry, anise, Cakebread Cabernet Sauvignon &
Sonoma County medium-tannins, herbaceous / roasted coffee, Dancing Bear Cabernet Sauvignon,
Meritage blends with Cabernet herbaceous Sequoia Grove Cabernet Sauvignon &
Sauvignon and Merlot Cambium, St. Francis Merlot, RED SPLASH,
Benziger Tribute & Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Napa Valley & Cross between Cabernet Franc and Cassis, blackberry, Cakebread Cabernet Sauvignons,
Sauvignon Sonoma County Sauvignon Blanc; late-ripening, dense, black wild herbs, Sequoia Grove Cabernet Sauvignon &
& Statewide high-tannin, deep-colored, ageworthy / dark chocolate, Cambium, St. Francis Cabernet Sauvignon,
Monovarietals and blends coffee Benziger Cabernet Sauvignon & Tribute,
RED SPLASH
Chardonnay Napa Valley, Carneros, Mutable character highly influenced Apples, pear, citrus, Cakebread Chardonnays,
Sonoma County, by winemaking method, ageworthy / peaches, pineapple, Sequoia Grove Chardonnay,
Monterey County, Monovarietals tropical fruits; St. Francis Chardonnay, Benziger
Santa Barbara County butter, nutty or Chardonnay, Domaine Carneros
& Statewide vanilla, if oaked Brut Vintage, Brut Rosé & Le Rêve,
Foley Chardonnay
Gewürztraminer Anderson Valley, High-alcohol, moderate acidity, spicy / Lychees, sweet pea
Russian River Valley, Dry, medium sweet or dessert blossom, peach, mango,
Central Coast monovarietals white pepper, spice
Merlot Napa Valley, Plump fruit, full-bodied, Black cherry, blackberry, Cakebread Merlot & Cabernet Sauvignon,
Sonoma County medium-tannin, ageworthy / blackcurrant, tea leaves, Sequoia Grove Cabernet Sauvignon &
Santa Barbara County Monovarietals and blends spice, mocha Cambium, St. Francis Merlot,
& Statewide RED SPLASH, Benziger Merlot
Petit Verdot Napa Valley, Dense fruit, deep-colored, high-tannin / Dark plums, blackberry, Cakebread Cabernet Sauvignon,
Sonoma County Meritage blends graphite, tobacco Sequoia Grove Cabernet Sauvignon,
St. Francis Merlot, Benziger Tribute,
Cabernet Sauvignon & Merlot
Pinot Grigio / Central Coast, Sonoma Medium- to full-bodied, rich yet crisp / Lemon, apple, Asian pear
Pinot Gris County & Statewide Monovarietals
Pinot Noir Sonoma County, Difficult to grow and vinify, receptive to Cherry, blackberry, Cakebread Pinot Noir, Benziger Pinot
Carneros, Santa Rita Hills, terroir influence, medium-to-full-bodied, mushroom, earth, truffle, Noir, Domaine Carneros Pinot Noir,
Monterey County medium-tannins, complex aromatics, spice Brut Vintage & Brut Rosé,
ageworthy / Strictly monovarietals Foley Pinot Noir
Riesling Anderson Valley, Complex, high-acid, aromatic, fruity, Floral, wet slate, ripe
Russian River Valley, ageworthy / Dry, off-dry and sweet varietal pear, apple, citrus,
Santa Barbara County wines, sparkling wines, some blends honey, petroleum
Sauvignon Blanc Sonoma County, Napa Valley, Aromatic, light to medium-bodied, Grass, pineapple, melon, Cakebread Sauvignon Blanc,
Santa Barbara County high-acid, can be vinified dry to dessert / gooseberry, grapefruit, Benziger Sauvignon Blanc
& Statewide Monovarietals and blends fresh herbs
Syrah San Luis Obispo County, Robust, deep-colored, high-tannin, Blackberries, ripe dark RED SPLASH, Benziger Syrah
Santa Barbara County, high-alcohol, full-bodied, ageworthy / plums, black pepper,
North Coast & Statewide Monovarietals, Rhône-style blends anise, earth, bacon
Viognier San Luis Obispo County Full-bodied, high-alcohol, low-acid / Apricot, honeysuckle,
Dry to sweet monovarietals or white peach, pear, nutmeg
and red blends
Zinfandel Sonoma County, Amador Spicy, dense, chewy, high- Black cherry, Cakebread Red Hills Zinfandel,
County, San Luis Obispo alcohol, high-tannin / boysenberries, St. Francis “Old Vines” Zinfandel,
County & Statewide Monovarietals and rosé blends ripe raisins, prunes, Benziger Zinfandel
cassis, allspice,
cloves, licorice
CALIFORNIA Cakebread Cellars
NAPA VALLEY
Sequoia Grove
Cakebread Cellars
NAPA
29
Cakebread Cellars Cakebread Cellars
Napa Valley Chardonnay Napa Valley Merlot
The Napa and cool Carneros 100% Estate vineyards and growers in Carneros,
Chardonnay fruit is hand-picked at night to Rutherford and Oakville provide the Merlot
allow gentler handling and 10-25% native (roughly 90%) and Cabernet Sauvignon grapes
yeast fermentation in the vinification process. (percentages vary from vintage to vintage).
The grapes are whole-cluster pressed without Each plot is vinified separately, with extended
de-stemming for up-front fruit character and temperature-controlled maceration to ensure
heightened aging potential; 40% is barrel rich color and tannins. Using the rack-and-
fermented in new French oak. Lush fruit and return technique, tannins are softened while
bright acidity are expressed through white maintaining the variety’s distinct character.
pear, flint, and pineapple with modest toasty Ripe blackberry, black tea and dried herb
notes. Pair with pan fried and broiled aromas with black plum, cassis and pepper on
fresh water fish, deep sea fish, tuna, the palate. Pair with pork, pheasant, veal.
swordfish and chicken.
Cakebread Cellars
Cakebread Cellars Anderson Valley Pinot Noir
Napa Valley Sauvignon Blanc An estate vineyard planted to six French
Produced since 1975, Cakebread’s benchmark Pinot Noir clones yields small-berried grapes
Sauvignon Blanc includes small amounts with intense, concentrated flavors and ripe
of Semillon and Sauvignon Musqué grapes tannins. Each clone is fermented separately
for added complexity. Night harvested by in open-top tanks with 2 weeks’ maceration
hand and whole-cluster pressed, grapes are for maximum flavor and color extraction. 15
fermented predominantly in stainless steel months’ aging in French oak barrels (30%
with roughly 15% in one-year-old French new) precedes a year in barrel before bottling.
oak barrels. A classic expression, this wine Ripe, dense aromas of earthy black plum and
shows crisp aromas of grapefruit and stone dark chocolate are confirmed on the full, rich
fruits with lively acidity, minerality, and fresh palate. Pair with grilled fish, seared tuna,
fruit flavors on the palate. Pair with salads, pork or red meats.
sandwiches, chicken salads, shellfish.
Cakebread Cellars Red Hills
Cakebread Cellars Napa Lake County Zinfandel
Valley Cabernet Sauvignon Grapes are grown in the Snow’s Lake
Cabernet Sauvignon is blended with Merlot, Vineyard located in the coveted Red Hills
Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdot and Malbec, with appellation known as prime Zinfandel country
the blend varying from vintage to vintage. with high altitudes and red volcanic soils.
Sourced from estate vineyards and select Three distinct Zinfandel clones, including
Rutherford, Oakville and Los Carneros growers heritage selections from Mendocino and
and benefitting from up to 3 weeks’ extended Amador counties and a Primitivo clone,
maceration, each vineyard parcel is vinified comprise this wine. Fermented in stainless
separately in new French oak (45%) or older steel tanks, the wine is aged in French oak
oak barrels. Plush, elegant plum, black barrels (50% new), blended and then aged
cherry and currant aromas introduce flavors 8 months in barrel before bottling. Heady
of chocolate, herbs, black fruit and cedar. aromas of toasted black plum, black cherry
Supple tannins and a lasting, balanced finish. and wild blackberry with cracked black
Pair with grilled or broiled beef, pork, pepper, licorice and briary spice tones
bison steaks. introduce a dense, full-bodied palate with
deep, concentrated black fruit and spice
flavors. Pair with roasts, BBQ or
spicy foods.
Cakebread Cellars
Cakebread Cellars
Benchland Select Napa Valley
Cabernet Sauvignon
This wine is made from the finest 100%
Cabernet fruit from the Oakville and Rutherford
appellations located in the benchlands of the
Mayacamas Mountain Range. The eastern
exposures and gravel loam soils encourage
slow and optimal ripening. Vineyard block
are vinified separately, employing tank sizes,
yeast strains, fermentation temperatures and
maceration techniques best suited to each
according to location, ripeness level and clone
type. Deep aromas of blackberry, black figs,
dark chocolate and tobacco precede flavors of
ripe blackberry, dark plums, black cherry and a
note of mint with powerful yet supple tannins.
Pair with filet mignon, roast pork loin,
lamb chops.
Sequoia Grove
SONOMA COUNTY
ALEXANDER
ROCKPILE AVA VALLEY AVA
SONOMA
HEALDSBURG
COAST AVA
CHALK HILL AVA
NORTHERN SONOMA AVA
101
RUSSIAN RIVER BENNETT VALLEY AVA
VALLEY AVA
SONOMA NAPA
CARNEROS AVA
Domaine
Carneros
s
CALIFORNIA
Cakebread Cellars
Sequoia Grove
St. Francis Winery & Vineyards
RED SPLASH by St. Francis
Benziger Family Winery
Domaine Carneros
Foley Estates Vineyard and Winery
FRANCE
Maison Louis Jadot
Château des Jacques
Domaine Ferret
Champagne Taittinger
Château d’Aquéria
Château Mont-Redon
Bouvet-Ladubay
Michel Redde et Fils
ITALY
Tenuta San Guido
Tenuta Sette Ponti
Tenute Silvio Nardi
Ambrogio e Giovanni Folonari Tenute
Tenuta La Fuga
Tenute del Cabreo
Tenuta Campo al Mare
TorCalvano
Tenuta di Nozzole
Santa Martina
Spalletti
Michele Chiarlo
Tenuta di Salviano
Agricola Punica
Feudo Maccari Saia
Fernando Pighin
Bollini
Caposaldo
SPAIN
Bodegas RODA
Bodega Don Olegario
Poema
ARGENTINA
Alta Vista
Bodega Chacra
NEW ZEALAND
Craggy Range Winery
Wild Rock
Infamous Goose
PORTO
Taylor Fladgate
Fonseca
Croft
SPIRITS
Alizé Passion
Alizé Cognac
Appleton Estate Rum
Appleton Jamaica Rum
J. Wray & Nephew White Overproof Jamaica Rum
Coruba Jamaica Rums
Depaz Blue Cane Amber Rhum
Café Bohême Coffee Crème Liqueur
Delamain Grande Champagne Cognac
Larressingle Armagnac
Guyot, Dijon, Crème de Cassis