OVERVIEW OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN

ORGANIZATION (HBO)
CHAPTER 1
OVERVIEW
• In this presentation, you will understand the meaning, importance and
benefits of the following:
1. Human Behavior
2. Organizational Behavior (OB)
3. 4 Types of Behavior
4. Behavior Analysis at Different Levels
5. 4 Goals of Organizational Behavior
6. The Key Elements of OB
7. The Importance of Organizational Behavior
8. Benefits of Understanding Organizational Behavior
HUMAN BEHAVIOR
• Refers to the physical actions of a person that can be seen or heard
with thoughts, feelings and emotions.
• It refers to the behavior of a person.
• It also refers to the activities that human beings possess which is
influenced by factors such as culture, values and authority.
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (OB)
• OB is a systematic study and discipline which involved in describing,
understanding, predicting and controlling human behavior in an
organization where they work.
• OB is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals,
groups and structure have on behavior within organizations for the
purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an
organization’s effectiveness
• It is related to individuals, group of people working together in teams.
The study of organizational behavior relates to the expected behavior
of an individual in the organization.
4 TYPES OF BEHAVIOR
1. Optimistic- a person who is inclined to be hopeful and to expect good
outcomes.
Ex: My work day started off really stressful, but I believed it could only
get better.
2. Pessimistic- taking an unfavorable view of events or conditions and
expecting an unfavorable outcome.
Ex: A person hears the phone ring and assumes the caller will be a bill
collector or telemarketer.
3. Trusting- Trustworthiness are the characteristics or behaviors of one person
that inspire positive expectations in another person.
- A person who is honest will gain trust from other people.
4. Envious- Envy is wanting what someone else has.
Ex: You might see a neighbor with a new car or a coworker get a new
job and you desire the same. You might feel a sense of resentment
toward the individual for attaining something you want but you haven’t
achieve yet.
BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS
• Behavior as an individual or in a group is always analyzed by
everyone in the organization. It is analyzed at three (3) different
levels.
- Individual level of analysis
- Group level analysis
- organizational level of analysis
INDIVIDUAL LEVEL (MICRO)
• At the individual level of analysis, organizational behavior includes the study
of learning, perception, creativity, motivation and personality. In addition, it
also includes the study of turnover, task performance and evaluation,
coordinated behavior, deviant work behavior, ethics and cognition.
• For example: Ram joins a company as an intern and is very open to learning
new things but as time passes and he gets promoted his attitude towards his
interns becomes rude. This is a fine example of individual level of analysis.
- Ram’s behavior is an example of deviant work behavior, because it is
a voluntary behavior, violates significant organizational norms and, in so doing,
is perceived as threatening to the well-being of the organization or its
members.
GROUP LEVEL (MESO)
• OB, at this level of analysis involves the study of group dynamics, intra-and
intergroup conflicts, cohesion, leadership, power, norms and interpersonal
communication. Group Level Analysis draws upon the sociological and socio-
psychological sciences.
- It is the study of how different personality types correspond to different
leadership styles and level of results.
• Sociological- is the study of social life, social changes and the social causes
and consequences of human behavior.
• Socio-Psychological- is the study of how individual or group behavior is
influenced by the presence and behavior of others.
ORGANIZATIONAL LEVEL (MACRO)
• OB, at this level of analysis draws upon sociology and political science. At
this level of analysis, Organizational Behavior includes the study of
organizational culture, structure, cultural diversity, inter-organizational
cooperation and coordination.

• Political Science- the branch of knowledge that deals with systems of

government; the analysis of political activity and behavior.
• Sociology- is the study of social life, social changes and the social causes
and consequences of human behavior.
WHAT ARE THE GOALS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR?
-To describe behavior
-To understand behavior
-To predict behavior
-To control behavior
GOALS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
1. To describe: the first objective is to describe how people behave under
various conditions. For example, as a manager, I have information
about particular junior officer that comes in the office late and leaves
the office early.
2. To understand: the second goal of OB is to understand why people
behave as they do. Managers have to understand the reason behind a
particular action. For example, as a manager, I must find out the reason
why the junior officer is coming late and going earlier.
GOALS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
3. To predict: predicting future behavior of employee is another goal of
organization behavior. Usually managers would have the capacity to
predict why the employees are committed to the organization or not. For
instance, I have to realize why he wants to leave my organization, how can
I hold the officer in my organization, what should be done by me in this
situation.
GOALS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
4. To control: the final goal of OB is to control and develop a friendly
atmosphere for the organization. Since managers are responsible for the
overall performance of an organization, they must develop workers
teamwork, skill and commitment. Managers should take necessary action
for themselves. In the above case, I can increase the financial benefits of
the officer if it is not satisfactory for him I can help him to solve his
personal problems, or I can negotiate with him to solve any organizational
problems.
THE KEY ELEMENTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
• PEOPLE- refer to the employees working in your organization. They work either in
groups or individually and make up the whole working structure. Because the
“people” element of organizational behavior is regarded as the most important
factor in a business, you should take notice of how you treat them. There is no
alternative in the quality of an employee. They help to achieve the
organization’s objectives. Learn to treat them properly and in return your
business will thrive.

• STRUCRURE- relates to the roles and relationships of those in an organization. It’s

important that an employee’s role in the structure is clearly defined to them . It
will lead to more work efficiency and employees can avoid confusions. Due to
engaging employees in work that fits their skills, business goals are likely to
happen.
• TECHNOLOGY- with the necessary technology added to your business
production, tasks can be performed more effectively. Without it, work would
be very difficult to perform.
• ENVIRONMENT- there is a business environment. With it, you must keep in
mind both internal and external factors. Organizational culture refers to the
internal environment within your business structure. The external environment
will pertain to political, social, cultural and economic factors
THE IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
• The study of Organizational Behavior gives insight on how employees behave in the
workplace. It helps us develop an understanding of the aspects that can motivate
employees, increase their performance, and help organizations establish a strong
and trusting relationship with their employees.

*Motivation- OB is able to help the leaders understand the motivational tools required
to facilitate their employees to reach their potential.
*Performance- According to a study from IJEMS, those that come to work with a
positive attitude are more creative and it also lowers stress level. In contrast, gossip
and rudeness disrupt performance, lower productivity and decrease job satisfaction.
*Office Characteristics- According to an article from Cornell University, there are
certain conditions that will affect employees reaction to their work and setting such as
openness and destiny. The office settings such as openness and destiny can generate
different reactions. The openness of an office can make employees feel a sense of
calmness. Density also has an impact on employee’s wellness. It is important not to
over-densify office space because small workstations can cause unproductivity of
employees.
BENEFITS OF UNDERSTANDING ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
• Contribute to personal growth
• Enlighten you regarding the aspects which will motivate employees
• Ethical behavior among staff and management
• Positive, upbeat atmosphere
• Give leaders especially in managerial positions understand the motivational
tools.
• Acquire perception on how one can control and able to manage the
factors that affects behavior of one individual in and out of the work place.