Basic Criteria of Police Writing

Chapter 1 : Basic Criteria of Police Reports:

    A police report is a chronological account of an incident that happened at any given
time and place. It could also be defined as an account of an investigation, or an official
statement of facts. The following are the basic criteria of police reports.

1.    Clarity – the writer is duty- bound to serve his readers by letting them understand
easily what he is trying to get across. If the writer is misunderstood, he expects to
receive a different response or answer, hence, he has to use clear and appropriate
words. 
Rules: 
a.    Avoid impressive expressions
Big words                    Simple Words
Magnitude                 size
Maximize                    develop fully 
Accumulate               gather 
Acquaint                     tell
Approximately           about 
Ameliorate                 improve 
b.    Avoid an unwitting language transfer 
Ex. Kumain tayo sa labas.     Wrong: Lets eat outside 
                                                  Correct: Let’s eat out.
c.    Avoid illiteracy- misuse of English word
Advise            their 
Advice           there
Appraise         agree with
Apprise           agree to
House              its
Home              it’s 
Continual        pick out
Continuous     pick up 
Jewelry or jewels 
But not jewelries 
Assure ( promise) 
Ensure (make an outcome inevitable) 
Insure ( provide insurance)
2.    Accuracy – Police communications should conform exactly to the truth or to a
standard. They should be without error , precise, exact, and correct. Accuracy has
something to do on how the sentences in the paragraphs are written. 
Rules: 
1.    Avoid putting a period to end your sentence if the thought is incomplete .
2.    Avoid starting your sentence with a coordinating conjunction (but, and, nor, or, for,
so yet).
Example: 
•    As a lady police office, arresting violent people is dangerous. And very challenging.
(Wrong) 
•    As a lady police officer, arresting violent people is dangerous and very challenging.
(Correct)
•  
3.    The subject predicate of the sentence should agree with each other. 
Example: 
•    Every day, the chief of police go to the police station with two of his trusted police
officers. ( wrong) 
•    Every day, the chief of police goes to the police station with two of his trusted police
officers. (correct)
4.    Use the correct tense of verb. Take note of the verbs of the following example. 
•    Last year, SPO2 Don Juan seeked the help of PSSUPT PEPE PEPITO and stayed
at the training center to finished his leadership training, so that he can applied for
promotion. (wrong) 
•    Last year, SPO2 Don Juan sought the help of PSSUPT PEPE PEPITO and stayed
at the training center to finish his leadership training, so that he can apply for promotion.
( Correct)
The correct tense of the verb and the correct past tense or past participle of a verb
should be used. Take note that the verb after a modal (like can) or the infinitive to
should be in the present tense without-s. 
5.    Avoid Shift in voice within the sentence. Take note of the following examples. 
a.    The arresting officers arrested the suspect at the crime scene(active)., and he is
informed of his constitutional rights. (passive) (wrong) 
To improve the sentence, compress the sentence.
b.    The arresting officers arrested the suspect at the crime scene, and informed him of
his constitutional rights. (correct)
6.    Avoid dangling modifiers. A dangling modifier is one that has nothing to modify
because is not clearly stated in the context. 
Examples: 
•    While taking the statement of suspect, the light switched off. (wrong) 
•    While taking the statement of the suspect, SPO3 Pepito Edong switched off the light.
•    To hit bull’s eye in a firing competition, caliber .38 pistol should be used. ( wrong) 
•    To hit bull’s eye in a firing competition, PO3 Pepito must use a caliber .38 pistol.
(correct)
7.    Avoid shift in the tense of the verb. In police technical report writing, consistency in
the tense of the verb used is also very important. 
Example: 
•    The chief of police was instructing his subordinates of what to do, and he is asked by
some PO1s to be more considerate. (wrong)
•    The chief of police was instructing his subordinates of what to do, and he was asked
by some PO1s to be more considerate. (correct) 
8.    Avoid shift in person. 
Example: 
•    PO3 Juan Tamad will attend the seminar if his wife will allow him. (wrong) 
•    POS Juan Tamad will attend seminar if he will be allowed by his wife. 
(correct) 
9.    Maintain the antecedent-pronoun agreement. 
Example: 
•    The provincial director likes to play with his dog when they are newly bathed.
(wrong) 
•    The provincial director likes to play with his dog when it is newly bathed. (correct) 
10.    Use the exact or appropriate word that serves your purpose. 
Example: 
•    Sin-  violation of religious law 
•    Vice- habitual degrading or corrupting behavior
•    Crime- violation of man’s law 
•    Felony- punishable by RPC
•    Offense- Punishable by the SPL
•    Misdemeanor- punishable by ordinances
11.    Use numbers properly. In general technical report writing, single numbers are
written in words and for double numbers from 10 and above, the numbers are written
instead of the words. In police technical report writing the number in words first then
putting the number in close open parenthesis makes it more accurate. 
Example:
•    10 police officers escaped from the ambush this morning. (wrong) 
•    Ten (10) police officers escaped from the ambush this morning. (correct) 
12.    The ranks and names of police commissioned officers (from police inspector to
police director general) are all capitalized. For police non-commissioned officers. (PO1-
SPO4) , the ranks are al capitalized but for their names, only the beginning letters are
capitalized. 
Example:
PCI JUAN TAMAD JR.
PO1 Simplicio Pepito 
13.    Use the proper punctuations. Try to remove all the punctuations in a paragraph
and read it again. There is one thing sure: you cannot understand it. 
Example: 
•    SPO3 Pedro Penduko did not have a warrant of arrest. He arrested the suspect.
(wrong) 
•    SPO3 Pedro Penduko did not have a warrant of arrest; he arrested the suspect.
(correct) 
•    The police officer reported for duty not in proper uniform. And he did not bring with
hi, his service firearm. (wrong) 
•    The police officer reported for duty not in proper uniform, and he did not bring with
him his service firearm. (correct)
 

3.    Brevity- saying much in fewer words. 

Rules: 
a.    Avoid redundancies 
Example:
•    completely eliminated 
•    controversial issue
•    definite decision 
•    future plan
•    general consensus 
b.    Avoided padded phrases 
Example: 
Wordy                               Brief 
•    At a period of time when      -       when
•    At this present writing            -        now 
•    Due to the fact that              -         for 
•    In a number of cases            -     some cases
•    During the course of             -         on 
c.    Avoid unnecessary sentence openers.
Example: 
•    For your information…
•    Permit me to say..
•    We take the liberty of.. 
•    We are taking this opportunity… 
4.    Specificity- giving life to a sentence by using particulars that call up shape, texture,
color and movement. Concretize abstract words so it is not good to state in your report,
“a person..” or “an automobile’, or “a stone…”
Example: 
•    Resource
•    Material 
•    Equipment 
•    Weapon 
•    Firearm 
•    Rifle 
•    M16
a.    A person stabbed another person to death. 
The statement above is not specific; the suspect and the victim are not identified, the
kind of weapon used was not specified, how the suspect attacked the victim is not
shown, the part of the body of the victim that was not specified, how the suspect
attacked the victim is not shown, the part of the body of the victim that was hit, and the
number of times he was hit were not also shown, the part of the victim that was hit, and
the number of times he was hit were not also shown. Compare the above statement (a)
to the following statement (b). 
b.    Juan Tamad Jr. alias Juju, the bartender at the Jose’s Bar and Restaurant, Session
Rd., Baguio City, and holding a double-bladed 24-inch-long Kapangan-made knife with
his left hand approached Emilio Aguinaldo, a CCJE student at the University of Baguio,
Abanao St., Baguio City, from the back and stabbed him seven (7) times on the front
upper part of his body that led to his instant death. 
5.    Timeliness – just like a spot report that should be submitted within twenty-four (24)
hours, any other police report should be submitted on time in order to serve its purpose.
A report that could no longer be used because it was not submitted on time is like the
reports that some police superior officers require their men to do, but these reports have
never been used. 
6.    Security – most police reports are either classified as Restricted, Confidential,
Secret or Top secret. The purpose is to secure the given information from the
unauthorized access; hence the security classification of the document should be
placed on and below of the document, and police personnel are prohibited from
divulging classified information to unauthorized people- meaning they have a lower
security clearance or none at all. A PNP member with the security clearance of Top
Secret can access all classified information, but somebody with a security clearance of
Secret cannot access Top Secret information. 
7.    Impartiality – the report should be based on facts and not the opinions of the
writer. The writer should then be always objective and avoid bias in presenting his
reports. 
8.    Completeness – simple reports do not need all 5 Ws and 1H, but as much as
possible, the writer should use at least the 5 Ws  and 1H. The writer should be aware
that the reader, after reading report should have no question hanging in his mind
because all the necessary information he needs to know are all in the report. 

1. Last night, our neighbors' dog was barking loudly.

1. The dog of our neighbors was barking loudly last night. 1

2. Celine goes to the Manila Police Station to report a hold-up incident that happens to her.

3. The CCTV footage showed that Jake was the one who entered and robbed the house of
Christine. 1

4. The Montalban Fire Department respond to a fire incident in the barangay kasiglahan.

5.PO1 Juan Dela Cruz together with PO1 Kevin Durant are both assigned in Station 10 in Rizal
Province.

6. The election is to be held tomorrow.

7. There is no food left on the table nor the money to buy some. 1

8. I enrolled myself last week and paid my tuition. 1

9. Everyone goes to the market on Sunday

10. Choosing the best leader is the hard thing to do. 1

Police Technical Report Writing 1 and 2

Part of speech Function or “job” Example Words Example Sentences

Verb Action or State (to) be, have, do, like, English Club is a web
work, sing, can must site. I like English Club
Noun Thing or person Pen, dog, work, music, This is my dog. He lives
town, London, teacher, in my house. We live in
John London
Adjective Described a noun or a/an, the, 2, some, I have two dogs. My
pronoun good,big,red,well. dogs are big. I like big
Interesting dogs
Adverb Describes a verb, Quickly, silently, well My dog eat quickly.
adjective or adverb badly, very, realy When he is very
hungry, he eats really
quickly
Pronoun Replaces a noun I, You, he, she ,some Tara is Indian. She is
beautiful.
Preposition Links a noun to another To, at, after, on but We went to school on
word Monday
Conjunction Join clauses or And, but, when I Like dogs and I like
sentences or words cats.
4.1.1.1. Topic 1: Civilian Letter
CIVILIAN LETTER
Civilian Letter

 A purely civilian letter is used when communicating with the President of the
Philippines, Department Secretaries, Provincial Governors, City or Municipal
Mayors, Managers of the bottling companies and the like.
 Civilian letter, unlike the subject-to letter, has different forms because the
former is particular on symmetry or a well-balanced appearance.
 Also, a civilian letter has a different phraseology, and its paragraphing is not
numbered, not unless in tabulation, enumeration.

 
Parts of Civilian Letter

1. Heading- A typed or a printed letterhead may be used. The former includes a

writer’s address usually blocked with the dateline (no abbreviation for the
months, street, district, city or country).  For example:

 
                        490 Lakandula Street
                        Magsaysay, Baguio City
                        October 12, 2017
The latter, usually used in business firms, includes these pieces of information:  name of
the company, its address, telephone number and the ZIP (Zone International Program)
Code, if any.  Sometimes a company slogan or trademark is written.
The use of identifying file reference is optional depending on instructions issued by the
Chief or Head of Office.  If ever used, it is placed at the left margin two spaces below
the letterhead and on the line of the current date.
 

1. Dateline- Month, day and year in that order is the dateline. In business

correspondence, the month is never abbreviated; it is spelled out.  Also, st (as
in 1st), nd, (as in 2nd), rd (as in 3rd), or th (as in 4th), is not used after the
month.

 
Wrong:             October 22th, 2017
Correct:            October 22, 2017
There should always be a comma between the day and the year.

1. Inside Address- The addressee’s name should be written fully. It should

always be preceded by a courtesy title, except in case of M.D., Ph.D., and a
few others. 

 
            The first line shows the addressee’s name and designation; if any; the second
line, the name of the company or the unit the addressee belongs to; the third and
following lines, the address of the company.  If not belonging to any office, the
addressee’s local or home address will do.
 
Examples:        Miss Jenevive A. Palmito                    
                        Police Community Relations, PNP                  
                        PRO-Cordillera
                        La Trinidad, Benguet
 

1. Attention Line- To speed up handling of letter, the attention line is used

when the letter is addressed to a company or to an individual or a particular
department of a company or to an individual aside from the addressee.

Examples:        ATTENTION:  Mr. Jomael M. Kilakil

                        Attention of the Production Manager
                        Attention Atty.  Norman T. Palsaen
 
A business correspondence should remember that the Attention Line, even if it includes
the name and/or title of a specific person, has no bearing on the salutation which agrees
with the first line of the inside address.
 
            The Attention Line is strategically written at the center page just below the inside
address and above the salutation.
 
Example:          Mr. Jubar E. Antonio
                        Manager, Philippine Life Security
                        Philippine Arcade
                        Bacolod City
 
                        ATTENTION:  Claims Department
 

1. Salutation- Greets the reader and the greeting may be formal or informal or
cordial or personal. The following examples show the different kinds of
salutation and the tones they reflect:

  SINGULAR PLURAL

Sir: Sirs:
Extremely formal (for official
Madam: Mesdames:
communication) Still very
Dear Sir: Dear Sirs:
formal.
Dear Madam: Dear Mesdames:

Dear Mr. Lee: Dear Messrs. Lee and Chua:

Formal but cordial
Dear Mrs. Lee: Dear Mmes. Lee and Chua:

Gentlemen:  (When addressed

Informal   a group consisting entirely or m
and women.

Dear Senen: or
Personal Dear Dearest Senen, (usually used  
in courtesy letters)

 
Except for peers and loyalty, the virtually universal form is “Dear Sir:” or Dear Sirs:”, or
“Dear Madam:” or Dear Mesdames:”.  The singular form is used for a person or a
particular member, e.g.  the manager of a firm, etc.
            “Sir:” without “Dear . . .” is usually reserved for honorific distinction in addressing
a person on rank, like a judge.
 
            For titles, “Miss” for an unmarried woman, “Mrs.” for a married woman, or “Mr.”
can be used.  “Mr.” and “Esquire” cannot be used together as they mean the same
thing.
 
            In writing to a firm, “Messrs.” for men and “Mmes:” for women are used.
            “Doctor” is occasionally written out in full, although the abbreviation “Dr.” is
perfectly accepted.  The following titles are frequently abbreviated, but it is more
dignified to write them in full as in “Hon.” for “Honorable”, “Prof.” for “Professor”, “Atty.”
for “Attorney”, and “Rev.” for “Reverend”.
The title “Reverend” may properly refer to a minister, a priest, or a rector.  The full name
of the person, or the title “Mr.” Or “Dr.” and the name follows in his title as herein
example:
 
                        Rev. Dr. John Hicks                             
But not:
                        Reverend Dr. John Hicks                                
                        Reverend Mr. Juan Perez                                           
                       
                        The Rev. Antonio Sudario
                        The Reverend Mr. Juan Perez
                        The article “The” is used when the word “Reverend” is spelled out.
 
            In the inside address, there should always be the first name of the person even
if prefixed by titles “Reverend”, “Principal”, “Superintendent”, or “Professor”.
            These titles of positions when following names of persons should never be
abbreviated.
Wrong:             Miss Dianne Ivy Bony D. Agumas, Treas.
Correct:           Miss Dianne Ivy Bony D. Agumas, Treasurer
 

1. BODY- The body is the message itself. In it, one of the problems that may
confront a correspondent is paragraphing.  This, however, does not pertain to
the appearance of the message; but, rather, to its content.  A correspondent
gets confused on how to end and how to begin another paragraph.

The general rule for paragraphing is to have each separate idea or subject occupy a
separate paragraph.  For instance, if one were to invite the Secretary of National
Defense as a Guest Speaker on a certain big occasion, the former mentions the subject
to be talked about, the time allotment, and the anticipated acceptance of the letter.  How
many paragraphs would there be?  At least three.
 

1. SUBJECT LINE- The subject line, or the gist of the message, helps a very
busy businessman find out in a split second what the letter is all about. As it is
a part of the message, this line appears logical above it, below the salutation. 
For example:

Sir:
            SUBJECT:  Personal Coordination

1. COMPLIMENTARY CLOSE- A complimentary close is usually followed by a

comma and comes immediately after the last line of the message. The first
word starts with a capital letter.  For example:

Formal to a Superior:
            Yours respectfully,
            Respectfully yours,
            Yours very respectfully,
            Very respectfully yours,
Formal, business-like:  
            Yours truly,
            Truly yours,
            Yours very truly,
            Very truly yours,
The tone in the complimentary close must match  with that in the salutation.  “Dear Sir:”
and “Lovingly yours,” or  “Dear Ella:” and “Respectfully yours,” do not complement each
other.          
Here are generally accepted forms of address with their salutations and corresponding
complimentary closes:
 
To a President of a University
           Dr. Ariel Nimo P. Pumecha
           Vice President for Academic Affairs
           University of the Cordilleras
           Governor Pack Road, Baguio City
Salutation:  
           Dear Sir:
           My dear Sir:
           My dear President Donato:
Complimentary Close:
          Very truly yours,
           Very sincerely yours,
 
 
 
 
To a Dean of a College
           Mrs. Cherry Ann A. Cabarrubias
           Dean, College of Criminal Justice Education
           University of the Cordilleras-Legarda Campus
           Burnham-Legarda, Baguio City
Salutation:
           Dear Ma’am:
           Dear Mrs. Cabarrubias:
           My dear Mrs. Cabarrubias:
 

1. COMPANY SIGNATURE- In business correspondence, a company signature

may be shown immediately above the writer’s signature on the theory that the
company, not the writer, is the legal entity. In other words, the company
assumes a greater responsibility that the individual does; especially if
including it is not a standard policy of the firm. For example:

 
Very truly yours,
 
BENGUET CORPORATION
Maritess A. Gao-ay
Security Manager
 
      Among men in uniform, the authority line takes the place of a company signature. 
The line is typed in all capital letters followed by a period, and is positioned two roller
spaces below the complimentary close, as in:
                 
         Very truly yours,
 
         FOR THE COMMANDANT.          
         KENNY C. MARTIN
         LCOL      (INF)          PA
          Chief for Operations
 

1. REFERENCE INITIALS

Initials of the writer and his typist or secretary appear at the left side of the stationery,
about two spaces below the writer’s identification.  These initials are aligned with the left
margin of the letter, as in:
 
            EGTJR:LNR
            EGTJR:LET
            EGTJR/let/lnr  (EGTJR signed the letter, let it be typed.)
 

1. ENCLOSURE NOTATION

This notation refers to anything sent together with the basic communication.  In
business, here are enclosure styles used:
Enclosure:        Contract
Enclosures:       Contract
Invoice
Enclosures:

1. Contract
2. Invoice
3. Memorandum Receipt

1. POSTSCRIPTS (P.S.)-If a writer has forgotten something in the message, he

adds P. S. Sometimes, he makes it intentional to attract attention.  The
postscript is usually flushed with the left margin.

1. COPIES- When one or two copies are furnished, a carbon copy (cc) notation
is indicated on the original and all triplicate copies of the letter. This may be
done in one or two ways indicated below:

                        cc:  Mr.  Freddie Balo

                        cc:  Mrs. James Louie Reyes
                        cc:  Sales Department

4.1.1.2. Subject to Letter

FORMATS IN WRITING A POLICE REPORT
SUBJECT-TO-LETTER
            Presently, a subject-to-letter is most applicable in police report writing. 
Commendations, certificates of appreciations or any other meritorious recognition, basic
transmittal, recommendations for promotion and similarly related requests also adopt
the subject-to letter format.
This is prepared intra-organizational, within the organization – meaning, within the PNP,
within the BJMP, within the BFP, or within the Philippine Public Safety College (PPSC). 
A purely civilian letter is used when sent outside a bureau.
 
POSITION AND PLACEMENT- This letter is typed on bond paper measuring 8 by 11 ½
inches.  Only one side of the sheet is used.  Ordinarily, two carbon copies (thin paper) are
prepared.  One copy accompanies the original, the other copy is kept for file. 
An exception to the rule occurs when a letter is sent from an office not authorized to
keep records, in which cased, both copies accompany the original, one for the recipient
and the other for the first office of record. 
Another exception occurs when copies are furnished to individual organizations.  When
they arise, instructions are obtained from the chief or supervisor.
 
PARTS OF A SUBJECT-TO-LETTER
THE HEADING

All of the materials above the first line of the body comprise the heading.  These are the
office of the origin and address, file reference, identifying initials, date, subject, channels
through which the letter will pass, and addressee to whom the letter is being sent.
 
LETTERHEAD – Printed letterhead stationery is normally used for the first page.  If not
available, a typed letterhead may be substituted.  Each headquarters has its own
letterhead.  In offices where more than one kind of letterhead is used, the nature of the
letter will determine which letterhead is proper.
 
FILE REFERENCE – Otherwise called the Office Symbol, a file reference is placed at the
left margin usually two spaces below the letterhead and is in line with the date.  This is
also used as identifying information on the second and subsequent pages.
 
IDENTIFYING INITIALS – Some offices place the surname or the initials of their
originator and the typist on the letter.  The initials of the individual who dictated the
correspondence and those of the typist are placed in the upper extreme right corner on
the first page of all copies or on the file copies only, depending on the instruction issued
by the chief supervisor.  In large installations, the telephone number of the originator
may be added.  Example:  EGTJR/ilh/4472610.
 
DATE - This may refer either to the date of signature or the suspense date.  The date of
signature is placed at the right of the page on the second line below the letterhead and
ends at the margin.  The letterhead is placed after the printed word, “DATE” when
suspense date letterhead is used. 
           Both are expressed by day, month and year, in that order.  The day and year are
numerals.  The month may be spelled out or abbreviated.  If the month is abbreviated,
the year may be shortened to the last two digits, as in 1 Jul 03. 
           Usually, abbreviations occur in informal correspondence, not in formal
communication, like the subject-to letter, or civilian letter.
 
SUBJECT
           The subject line should contain words not exceeding 10.  It starts two spaces
below the file reference.  The word “SUBJECT” is followed by the punctuation colon. 
Title capitalization rules are used. 
           This means that capital letters for the first letter of the important words should be
reflected and small letters for the unimportant ones.  When the subject extends to two
lines, the second is blocked under the first letter of the first word in the subject.
EXAMPLE:
           SUBJECT:  Reconsideration of Request for Lateral Entry
In general, a letter refers to one subject only.
 
CHANNELS
Correspondence can be routed directly to concerned or “THRU” channels, through a
lower chief or supervisor expected to exercise control, take action or to be concerned. 
When correspondence is routed to an addressee through an intermediate agency, office,
another format is used.
It is written in block style and with open punctuation.  In addition, the “THRU” and “TO”
data begin on the fourth line below the preceding item.
 
SUBJECT:            Leave of Absence
 
THRU:                 Chief of Police
                          Philippine National Police
                          La Trinidad Municipal Police Station
                          La Trinidad, Benguet
 
TO:      Regional Director
           Philippine National Police
           PRO-COR
           Camp Bado Dangwa, La Trinidad Benguet
 
ADDRESS 
           The address preceded by “TO” or “FOR” will be written in block style with open
punctuation and normally placed on the fourth line below the SUBJECT or the “THRU”
addressee (if used), as an example shown in the preceding item. 
 
           Unless the correspondence pertains to an individual personally, the name of the
individual will not be used in the address of the Subject-To Letter.  When it is necessary,
however, the correspondence address to an individual, his grade, first name, middle
initial (if any) and last name are indicated in that order.  His service number may be
shown if it is known and considered necessary for identification.
           TO:                            PCPT Norly S. Laruan, PNP
                                            Deputy Chief
                                            Traffic Management Section
                                            Calasiao Municipal Police Station
                                            Calasiao, Pangasinan
                                           
           “IN TURN” ADDRESSEES
When letters are routed to several addressees, the entire address of each will be placed
on a single line as much as possible.  The copy for each addressee will be identified by a
check mark on the duplicate copy by his address.
         
          “MULTIPLE” ADDRESSEES
When the same letter is intended for several addressees, the entire address of each will
be placed on a single line if possible.  The copy for each addressee will be indicated by a
check mark.
 
           “ATTENTION” ADDRESS
To speed up routing, correspondence may be addressed to the attention of an individual
or the head of a subdivision of an agency or office, either by reference to the name of
the subdivision or by the use of an office symbol. 
 
           The name will be used only when there exists a special reason for calling the letter
to the attention of the individual known to handle the type of correspondence
concerned, and when it is known that he will be at the place addressed.
 
EXAMPLES:
 
        ADDRESSED TO THE ATTENTION OF AN INDIVIDUAL:
 
        FOR:           The Regional Director, PRO-CAR
                          Camp Bado Dangwa
                          La Trinidad, Benguet
                          Attn:  PLTCOL Chester Clyde A. Amok
 
        ADDRESSED TO THE ATTENTION OF THE HEAD OF A UNIT OR COMMAND:
 
        FOR:           The Provincial Commander, PRO-Abra
                          Camp Gorio Delizo
                          Poblacion Abra
                          Attn:  Chief, Research Division
 
ADDRESSED TO THE ATTENTION OF THE HEAD OF A UNIT OR COMMAND BY THE
USE OF AN OFFICE SYMBOL:
       
        FOR:           Chief, PNP
                          HQPNP, Camp Crame
                          Quezon City
                          Attn:  ODO
 
THE BODY
(a)  If signing for a chief superintendent, director, deputy director general, or a director
general, and addressed to a member or members under him -
           BY COMMAND OF DIRECTOR BUENO:
(b)  If signing for a non-star rank -
           BY ORDER OF SSUPT FORTALEZA:
(c)  If not addressed to a member or members under him -
                    FOR THE DIRECTOR:
NOTE:  A Staff Officer may sign under the authority line only when authorized to do so.
 
SIGNATURE 
           The signature contains the name of the officer (usually first name, middle initial,
and last name), signed in ink (black or blue-black, never blue or any other color); the
name being typed, stamped or printed in capital letters identical with the written name,
the officer’s rank or service and title or designation.
           BY COMMAND OF DIRECTOR CRUZ:
                                                              AVE MARIE K. OSILA
                                                              Chief Inspector, PNP
                                                              Chief, Admin Division
           The use of the double signature is avoided.  Instead of this, a designated individual
may sign his own name and add the word “FOR” in front of the typewritten name in the
signature.  If an officer signs “FOR”, the rank of the signing individual may be shown:
                          RACHEL P. PASITENG
                          Superintendent, BJMP
                          Asst Regional Director
 
                          FOR:
                                      ANDREW B. DULAY
                                      Chief Inspector, BJMP
                                      Chief, Admin
           Block style and open punctuations are used.  Abbreviations of rank or service, and
titles may be used.  By block style, the first letter of the rank and title is placed directly
under the first letter of the typewritten signature, but not necessarily blocking under the
last letter of the typewritten signature.
 
 
 
 
ENCLOSURES
           Enclosures are supplementary documents which are sent with communications to
provide additional information.  When a letter has one or more enclosures, this fact is
entered at the left side of the page in the following manner:
                    2 Encls:
                          1 – DF with 3 comments

 – Draft of amendment

 
COPIES FURNISHED (OTHER OFFICES)
           A notation concerning copies furnished will be typed immediately under, and
separated by at least one line from the listing of inclosures, if any.  When there are no
inclosures, notation of copies furnished will be typed beginning at the left margin on the
same line as that of the typed signature, the copy of each addressee will be indicated by
a check mark.
 
              Copies Furnished:
              The Chief Surgeon
              The Chief Nurse
 
           Or:    Copies Furnished:
              RD-PRO-1
              COP-CMPS
              Intel Section
 
ADDITIONAL COPIES 
           Ordinarily, a letter or endorsement will be made with two carbon copies.  Each
stamped endorsement which is similarly addressed will be made with one copy.  Copies
will not be signed, but signature placed on an original is typed, stamped, or reproduced
on each copy.
           If sent by an office of record, one copy will be forwarded with communication to
the recipient who is to take principal action on the communication and the other will be
rendered for record.
           If the communication is sent by an office not of record or by an individual, one
copy will be forwarded with the communication to the first office of record receiving the
communication.  A third copy may be retained by the writer and may be destroyed later
when such copy is deemed no longer necessary.
           The first office of record which receives a communication from an office not of
record or from an individual will withdraw one copy thereof for its record.  No other
intermediate recipient of a communication will withdraw a copy.
 
RECORDS FOR INTERMEDIATE RECIPIENTS
           An intermediate recipient of a communication will make a record of such
communication only when office of record is inaccessible and when the retention of a
brief current record of the communication is necessary.  Such record shall show only the
minimum requisite information.  Except in unusual circumstances, no copy of the letter
itself will be made.  Notation for record purposes of secret materials can be such that
content matter or the letter is safeguarded.
 
 
SPECIAL MAIL HANDLING 
           Correspondence sometimes requires special mail handling, when this is necessary,
words such as Air Mail, Special Delivery, etc., are stamped, or typed in the center at the
top and bottom of the first page.
 
ASSEMBLING 
           The outgoing letter and relevant papers will be arranged from top to bottom and
fastened with paper clips, as follows:

 Outgoing letter on top;

 Copy of outgoing letter, if any;
 Enclosures and copies, if any, in numerical sequence; and
 Information copies of outgoing letter, if any, with enclosures when applicable.

           The file copy and relevant papers will be arranged from top to bottom, as follows:

 File copy of outgoing letter on top. If consisting of more than one-page, last page on
top.
 Correspondence, or synopsis to which reply was made, if any; and

Copies enclosures, if any, in numerical sequence.

4.1.1.3. Issuances
ISSUANCES
        All issuance is generally termed as an authoritative source of written
communications sent from a higher echelon to subordinates.  Administratively, issuances
can be categorized as Orders, Instructions or Directives which set forth objectives,
programs, and policies.  These issuances prescribe the procedures, methods, and systems
affecting the organization.  Sometimes, however, the issuance is merely informational,
relevant to routinary programs and operations.
 

1. MEMORANDUMS
Interpreted the simplest way, a memorandum is “a note to help the memory.”  Clearly
stated, the message is boiled down to the fewest possible words, just the bare
essentials.  Memorandums may be of general application, requiring compliance by, or
information of, a majority or all of the officers and personnel.         
 
There is no strict rule governing the tone of a memorandum.  However, it is usually
noted that the tone differs in accordance with the person or persons reading it.  From a
chief of office to, his subordinates, the tone is impersonal (“Strict compliance expected . .
.”).  From a writer sending a memorandum to somebody of equal rank, the tone is
casually personal (“I have noticed changes in . . .”).  A junior officer writing a memo to the
chief of office uses a more formal one.  In other line agencies of the Philippine
Government, using FOR: and TO:, has been done.
 
The “MEMORANDUM FOR:” is written above the addressee if sent to a superior office;
the “MEMORANDUM TO:” is equally noted on the upper left corner of the page if sent
to subordinates.
 
MEMORANDUM FORMAT
            The PNP uses memorandum type as the common medium of communication and
correspondence within the organization.
            In writing and submitting police reports in the PNP, memorandum type is
required. It has the following basic parts such as letterhead, addressee (sometimes with
the use of attention line), sender, subject, date, the content, and the signature.  The
letterhead is usually printed using the official stationery of the PNP office or station
concerned. In the absence of the printed stationery, an encoded letterhead is enough
including the official logo of the PNP (usually positioned on the left side) and the logo of
the office or station concerned (usually placed at the right side) such as the one below:
Republic of the Philippines
Department of the Interior and Local Government
NATIONAL POLICE COMMISION
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE STATION
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION POLICE OFFICE
QUEZON CITY POLICE DISTRICT
Quirino Police Station (PS9)
Anonas Road, Project 2, Quezon City, Metro Manila
Tel. Nos. 434-36-87 / 434-39-42
            The addressee is addressed to the chief or head of unit for office or an installation
by his title. If the memorandum is addressed to a higher authority, the word “FOR” is
used whereas when the memorandum is directed to the subordinates, the word “TO” is
written such as the one bellow:
            For higher authorities:
            MEMORANDUM
                        FOR      :           The Chief of Police
           
To subordinates:
            MEMORANDUM
                        TO        :           All Concerned
            Aside from the chief or head of office whom your letter is addressed, sometimes
the attention line is used to inform other section heads or individuals in the unit or office
for information or action such as the one below:
            MEMORANDUM
                        FOR      :           The Chief of Police
                                                (Attn: Chief, Investigation Section)
            The sender is the one who sends the memorandum and usually uses the word
“FROM”. The designation or position of the sender is usually used to identify where the
originated such as the one below:
                        FROM   :           Investigator-on-case
            The subject is usually the title or topic of the event or report such as the
examples below:
                        SUBJECT           :           Spot Report re: Alleged Shooting Incident
SUBJECT           :           Progress Report re: Shooting to Death of Juan de le Cruz
Casimiro of Brgy. Anos, Los Banos, Laguna   
                        SUBJECT           :           Final Report re: Filing of a Case of “MURDER”
against Pedro
Panganiban y Pilaspilas of  Brgy. Lalakay, Los Banos, Laguna  
The date may refer to the date of submission of the report or the date when the report is
signed such as the one below:
            DATE    :           June 21, 2015
The content of the memorandum on police reports such as spot report, progress report,
and final report is the most important part because it contains the details of the event or
incident. The parts of these reports may vary. The succeeding pages present the
different parts of the said reports. The parts of the memorandum or report are
consecutively numbered using Arabic numbers such as 1, 2, 3, and 4, among others.
The signature of the memorandum or report is signed by the sender. The memorandum
or report is not valid without the signature of the sender. According to the Memorandum
08-41 “Revised Guidelines for the Standard Preparation of Communications” issued by
the Office of the Directorial Staff dated August 16, 2012, names of uniformed personnel
of the PNP is now written with appropriate punctuation marks such as the examples
below:
PCPT JUAN C. DE LA CRUZ
PSSG Mark Jayson T. Agdeppa
For police commissioned officers, the names should be encoded all uppercase while the
names of police non-commissioned officers are typed in uppercase and lowercase such
as the one above.
In the said TCDS Memorandum 08-41 dated August 16, 2012 and reiterated in
Memorandum dated April 1, 2014, the official font style to be used within the PNP
communications and correspondences is Arial and 12 as the font size.
When preparing a memorandum, report, or any form of communication and
correspondence in the PNP organization, it should be presentable and printed clearly. If
the report requires several enclosures or attachments, they should be properly arranged
and labelled. Finally, before the report is submitted it should be thoroughly edited and
proofread for grammatical and typographical errors.
B. ISSUANCE IDENTIFICATION

Other Administrative Issuances, excluding handbooks and manuals, as well as

memorandums of limited application, shall be numbered consecutively by calendar
years.  The first two digits shall represent the last two digits of the calendar year when
the issuance was prepared, and the number after the hypen shall represent the serial
number of the specific issuance.  For aesthetic purposes, the last digit shall be
immediately below the last letter of the issuance category or type, as in:
           CIRCULAR                                              MEMORANDUM
No. 92-01                                              No. 92-9
OFFICE CIRCULAR                                 GENERAL CIRCULAR
No. 98-13                                               No. 03-9
 

1. CIRCULARS

These are administrative instructions which are directory, advisory or informative in

nature, more or less permanent in duration.  They deal with subjects such as delegation
of authority to be known by field personnel, implementing instructions or regulations. 
Because they come from the DILG, the signatory is the Department Secretary.  Circulars
are issued to the Philippine National Police and its directorates.
 

1. GENERAL CIRCULARS

This type of administrative issuance shall contain administrative instructions which are
directory, advisory or informative in nature, more or less general in application,
permanent in duration and requiring compliance by or observance from or information
of the employees and the general public. 
They may prescribe certain rules, requirements or procedures, or they may merely relay
information for the guidance of those concerned.  They disseminate information
regarding rulings, precedents, laws or regulations of common interest and opinions,
resolutions, and decisions of higher offices.
EXAMPLE:  The FIREARMS BAN as the information is a common interest to the public.
 

1. MEMORANDUM CIRCULARS

           Temporary in character, the Memorandum Circular (Popularly acronym as MC in

government offices) deals with subjects, such as explanations or classifications of certain
rules, regulations which are complied with or executed by subordinates.
 

1. OFFICE CIRCULARS

           This cover administrative instructions which are directory, advisory or informative
in nature, permanent in duration.  They are applicable to/requiring compliance by
informing of most of all personnel in a particular directorate or office only, not to those
in the field.  Delegation of authority, punching timecards, appointing/assigning of
personnel on duties, or amendments of previous circulars will fall on this category.
 

1. OFFICE ORDERS

These are issuances for the regulation of administrative matters in the General
Headquarters, Regional, Provincial/Metrodiscom, and Stations.  Purely internal, office
orders contain administrative instructions that are regulatory in nature, mandatory in
character, and requiring compliance by personnel.  They usually cover subjects, such as
personnel conduct, wearing Filipiniana, and other related matters.
 
 

1. BUREAU REGULATIONS

These are primary regulations for the administration.  Any Regulation should be signed
by the Chief of Bureau, himself.  The chain of communication emanates from a
directorate to The Chief Directorial Staff, then to the Chief of Bureau, and the Secretary,
DILG.
 

1. TRAINING DIRECTIVES

The DILG Training Orders prescribe courses for individuals and/or training units. 
Specifics include time, scope, and frequency of opening courses.
 

1. SPECIAL ORDERS

These are used to issue directives affecting the status of individuals such as
appointments, transfers, promotions, reductions, reliefs from duty, separation and leave
of absence.  The Chief Directorial Staff signs the Special Orders.
 

1. LETTER DIRECTIVES

They contain routine directives by which subordinate headquarters are given

instructions, advice or information.   This issuance is used when a General Order,
Circular or Regulation is inappropriate.  The period of effectivity of the Letter Directive is
two years, unless sooner rescinded or superseded.
 

1. COMPTROLLER/FISCAL DIRECTIVE
This type is a routine directive to all subordinate headquarters, units, and offices for the
purpose of giving advice, instructions, or information over any financial transactions
within the bureau.  The Director for Comptrollership signs.
 

1. LETTER ORDERS

These refer to official orders or instructions sent in the form of a letter to the persons
concerned.  Assignments, details, designations, and other related matters belong to this
category.
 

1. STANDING OPERATING PROCEDURES

An SOP is a set of instructions regarding the procedures to be followed on a routinary

basis as desired by the chief or the director.  It sets down regular procedures to be
followed in the absence of instructions to the contrary.  Preparation and submission of
reports, maintenance of motor vehicles, and similar movements/activities are reflected
in SOPs.
 

1. OPERATION ORDER

Shortened as OPORD, the Operation Order carries with it the obligation of immediate
execution at a specified time or date.
 

1. OPERATION PLAN

           Popularly known as OPLAN, this written vehicle may be effective immediately for
planning purposes or for specified preparatory action for a particular condition
determined to exist.  It contains assumptions.  However, an OPLAN is not executed until
directed by the Chief or Head of a command.  He is the signatory.  When execution is
directed, the plan becomes an order, which then specifies the time or condition(s) under
which is to be in effect.

5.2.1.2. Police Blotter

POLICE BLOTTER

1. MAINTENANCE OF A POLICE BLOTTER

            Each PNP operating unit shall maintain an official police blotter where all types of
operational and undercover dispatches shall be recorded containing the five “W’s” (who,
what, where, when and why) and one “H” (how) of an information.
A Police Blotter is a logbook that contains the daily registry of all crime incident reports,
official summaries of arrest, and other significant events reported in a police station (PNP
Police Operational Procedures 2013).
 
Police Blotter for Cases Involving Women and Children
            A separate Police Blotter, however, shall be maintained for crime incident reports
involving violence against women and children and those cases involving a child in
conflict with law to protect their privacy pursuant to Republic Act (RA) 9262 (Anti-
Violence Against Women and Children Act of 2004) and RA9344 (Juvenile Justice and
Welfare Act of 2006), respectively (PNP Police Operational Procedures 2013).
 

1. Contents of the Police Blotter Entry

The entries in the Police Blotter should answer the following:

 

1. Who
2. What
3. Where
4. When
5. Why
6. How
7. Disposition of the Case

 
 
Sample of a Police Blotter Entry

ENTRY
DATE TIME INCIDENTS/EVENTS DISPOSITION
NO.

1-21-
2019-001 8:10 AM At the stated date and time, an For referral to
2019
      alleged shooting incident transpired  the

      along Halsema Highway, Betag, investigation

      La Trinidad, Benguet. Upon receipt section.

      of the information, the operatives of this  

      office responded immediately to the  

      crime scene. The victim was  

      identified as Romeo S. Tigasin, 38  

      years old, married, carpenter, and a  

      resident of Puguis, La Trinidad, Benguet.  

      The suspect left immediately after  

      the commission of the crime heading  

      toward unknown direction. The  

      victim was brought at  

Benguet General Hospital for

       
medication.

1. THE 5Ws AND 1H OF POLICE REPORTS

2. Who?

     These questions include the complete and correct name of all who were involved in
the incident such as the victim/s, suspect/s, witness/es and whosoever may be listed as
present during the incident, or may not be present, but have knowledge about the said
incident. The wrong name results in failure to locate a witness or apprehend a suspect.
The spelling should be correct including the middle name, exact home address/es
whether residence or hotel, telephone number, cellular phone number, and other contact
details (Soriano2005).

1. Who was the victim?

2. Who was the complainant?
3. Who discovered the crime?
4. Who saw or heard anything of importance?
5. Who had a motive for committing the crime?
6. Who committed the crime?
7. Who helped in the commission of the crime?
8. Who had access to the means for committing the crime?
9. Who worked on the case?
10. Who had access to the crime scene?
11. Who searched for, identified, and gathered the evidence?
12. To whom did they turn over the evidence?
13. With whom did the victim associate?
14. With whom did the suspect associate?
15. With whom was the victim last seen?
16. With whom the witness/es associate?
17. With whom did the suspect commit the crime?

1. What?

     These questions are directed to the crime being committed. Police reports sometime
indicate the crime committed based on Revised Penal Code (RPC) like Murder, Homicide,
or Rape, among others. In initial reports such as Spot Report, which does not require a
thorough investigation yet, this is not essential. A report of a “Shooting Incident” may be
sufficient. It is the duty of the Investigator-on-Case to determine what crime was
committed. What is more important is to present the detailed facts and circumstances of
what happened (PNP SOP No. 2012-001; Soriano, 2005).

1. What type of property was attacked, e.g. building, residence, car, etc?
2. What type of property was stolen, lost, or found? What items related to the
crime were found at the crime scene? An accurate description of all such
property should be entered in the report.
3. What felony/offense/infraction was committed, e.g. murder, homicide, rape,
physical injuries, robbery, theft, or violation of special laws such as RA 7610,
RA9262, etc.?
4. What type of evidence was found or recovered?
5. What was the crime committed?
6. What are the elements of the crime?
7. What actions were performed by the suspect/s before and after the crime?
 8. What actually happened?
9. What do the witness/es say and know?
10. What evidence was obtained?
11. What was done with the evidence?
12. What tools/weapons were used in the commission of the crime?
13. What did the officers take?
14. What further action should be taken?
15. What knowledge, skill, or strength was needed to commit the crime?
16. What other agencies were or needed to be notified?
17. What type of transportation was used?
18. What was the motive or suspected motive of the crime?
19. What other crime/s could be associated with this one?

1. Where?

     These questions are concerned with the geographical location of the crime scene,
property, or evidence. Describe in detail where the incident exactly happened, e.g. “In
the master’s bedroom of a two-storey brick brick house located at 69 Rizal Street, Villa
de Calamba Brgy. Halang Calamba City, Laguna” (PNP SOP No. 2012-001; Soriano,
2005).

1. Where was the crime commtted?

2. Where was the crime daiscovered?
3. Where was the entry made?
4. Where was the exit made?
5. Where was the tools that were used in the crime obtained?
6. Where was the victim made?
7. Where was the suspect seen during the crime?
8. Where was the victim last seen?
9. Where was the suspect last seen?
10. Where were the witnesses during the crime?
11. Where did the suspect live and does he live now?
12. Where is the suspect now?
13. Where is the suspect likely to go?
14. Where was the evidence marked?
15. Where was the evidence found?
16. Where was the evidence stored?

1. When?
     These questions include the date and time when the felony/offense/infraction was
committed, property found, suspect apprehended, etc. (Soriano, 2005).

1. When was the crime committed?

2. When was it discovered?
3. When did they report the crime?
4. When did the officers and investigators arrive at the crime scene?
5. When was the victim last seen?
6. When was the arrest made?
7. When will a complaint be signed?
8. When did the witness hear anything unusual?
9. When did they contact the witness/es?

1. Why?

     These questions provide the object or desire which motivated the commission of the
crime. In crimes against persons, the usual object includes revenge, ransom, and sexual
pleasure, among others. In crimes against property, he reason may be to acquire money
and property (Soriano, 2005).

1. Why was the crime committed?

2. Why were certain tools/weapons used?
3. Why was the crime reported?
4. Why was the crime reported late?
5. Why were the witnesses reluctant to give information?
6. Why is the suspect lying?
7. Why did the perpetrators prefer that time and day to commit the crime?

1. How?

     These questions pertain to the manner in which the crime was committed. The
narrative on how the incident happened shall be indicated to show the description of the
chronology of events that led to the incident and all the circumstances thereafter. The
actions taken during the initial investigation at the scene shall also be included. This shall
include the weather, lighting, sounds, activity in the vicinity of the incident and all other
peculiar details that come to the senses of the trained police responder. There is no limit
to what to include in the “How” portion of the narrative (PNP SOP No. 2012-001;
Soriano, 2005).

1. How was the crime committed?

2. How did the suspect/s get to the scene?
 3. How suspect/s leave the scene?
4. How did the perpetrators obtain the information necessary to commit the
crime?
5. How was the crime discovered?
6. How were the tools/weapons for the crime obtained?
7. How were the tools/weapons used?
8. How was the crime reported?
9. How much damage was done?
10. How much property or money was taken?
11. How much known information is being withheld?

 
CRIME INCIDENT REPORTING SYSTEM (CIRS)
Each PNP operating unit and utilize the PNP Crime Incident Reporting System (CIRS), an
electronic reporting system that facilitates crime documentation, modernizes data
storage and provides quick and reliable transmission of crime information from lower
units and NOSUs of the PNP to the National Headquarters at Camp Crame, Quezon
City. This is also known as electronic blotter or shall also maintained more popularly
known as “e-blotter” (PNP Police Operational Procedures 2013).
 
BLOTTER PROCEDURE
Before entry into the blotter book, the Duty Officer (DO) should first evaluate if the
report is a crime incident, arrest or event/activity, which is for records purposes only. If
the report is a crime incident, the DO shall first accomplish the Incident Record Form
(IRF) from which the entry in the blotter book and IRS shall be extracted. All other
reports shall be reported directly to the blotter book (PNP SOP No. 2012-001 “Incident
Recording System”).
 
The following incidents or transactions, among others, are entered in the police blotter
(Soriano, 2005):

1. Violations of laws and ordinances reported and recorded;

2. All calls in which any member of the PNP is dispatched or takes official action;
3. All fire arms, reports and information received by the statins;
4. Movements of prisoners with corresponding notations on the authority for
such movements;
5. Cases of missing and found persons, animals, and property;
6. Vehicular and other types of accidents which require police action;
7. All personal injuries, bodies found, and suicides;
8. Damage of property;
 9. All cases in which police member is involved;
10. All arrests and returns made; and
11. Miscellaneous cases, general and special orders, violations of rules and
regulations, and other reportable accident that the substation, station
commander, or higher authority desires to be recoded.

UNIT CRIME PERIODIC REPORT (UCPER)

Purpose
            To promote consistency in the recording of crime incidence, the PNP adopts a
uniform procedure in reporting and collecting crime data including cases reported to
other law enforcement agencies that are part of the Criminal Justice System (PNP Police
Operational Procedures 2013).
 
Execution and Procedures
            The Chief of Police is primarily responsible for the maintenance of accurate crime
data. Accuracy and integrity of crime recording processes must be ensured by the Chief
of Investigation Section and Crime Registrar.
 
            The Chief of Police shall likewise ensure that crime data are gathered from all
sources, such as Barangay, NBI, PDEA, BFAR, DENR, DSWD, BOC, BI, and other
agencies with law enforcement functions in the locality.
            Unit commanders shall appoint a Crime Registrar who shall be responsible in
consolidating and maintaining crime data files of each unit to ensure consistency and
continuity (PNP Police Operational Procedures 2013).
 
Recording

1. Incident Reports

All crime incidents whether reported by the victims, witnesses or third parties must be
recorded in the police blotter, even under the following circumstances.

1. When the offender is ill and is unlikely to recover or is too senile or too
mentally disturbed for proceedings to take place;
2. When the complainant or an essential witness is dead and the proceedings
cannot be pursued;
 3. When the victim or an essential witness refuses, or is permanently unable to
stand as a witness; and
4. The victim or complainant or witness is a minor.

1. Reporting Jurisdiction

            The police unit with the territorial jurisdiction where the crime was committed
shall have the primary responsibility to record and report the same. If a continuing crime
is committed in various areas of responsibilities, it should be recorded and reported as a
single crime by the unit taking cognizance of the crime (PNP Police Operational
Procedures 2013).
 
1. As a learner which of the which following skill is very improtant in expressing. Writing
2. The crime investigator lied to Protect his friend. Opinion
3. Once the investigator is finish in writing the report it will be submitted to the division. Chief of
police
4. The crimes Investigate after it is committed the report should be written. Past Tense
5. The essential narrative we question the which answer the why who and how. Action
6. Which of the following provides a record of incident requiring police respond and it also include
criminal offenses, arrest, lost and found properties and general information. Police report
7. In her way to work misis was hit by a truck patrol man cruz arrive at the crime scene and
conduct initial investigation. What type of report should patrol man cruz. Traffic accident report
8. In the investigative report writing it is the first paragraph or opening paragraph the objective is
to readily point out to the reader the statement or the objective of the report or the subject of
the report or what the case all about. This refferes to. Introductory paragraph
9. The 5w and 1h questions have the investigator to . handle flashback ia a report
10. The suspect brandish a calliber immediately word. Abverb
11. To mix sentences concise in a police report what was should be use. A. Passive b. active voice c.
both d. none of the above
12. In writing the body of the civilian letter there must be atleast how many paragraph. Three
13. If a writer of a civilian letter ask forgotten something in the message he ad a ps. What is the ps
stand for. Post S
14. What is the format utilized by the pnp in writing a report . Memorandum
15. The crime incident reporting system is also known as . Blotter

Identification

1. A record or log where all type operational and undercover the spot of shall be recorded
containing the 5w or 1h. Police blotter
2. It means editing and post reading what you have written before considerer finished product.
Evaluation
3. Few words. Gravity
4. This is a group of properly related sentences expressing single idea. Paragraph
5. This is a record of daily event occurring the territory and jurisdiction of police. Police blotter