Procedure 2.32.2.1.13.

01
QATAR STEEL COMPANY Established 26-May-2013
(QPSC) Effective Date 22-Mar-2020
Revision 05

PROCEDURE

Confined Space Entry

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 Procedure 2.32.2.1.13.01
QATAR STEEL COMPANY Established 26-May-2013
(QPSC) Effective Date 22-Mar-2020
Revision 05

REVISION HISTORY

Revision Date to be
Issue Date Amendment Description Date Effective
No. Revalidated

00 26-May-2013 Newly Established 26-May-2013 25-May-2016

01 06-Mar-2016 CS Rescue Plan attached 06-Mar-2016 17-Jul-2017

02 17-Jul-2017 CS Definition revised 17-Jul-2017 16-Jul-2020

03 28-Oct-2017 Point 5.5.1 (b) modified 28-Oct-2017 27-Oct-2020

Significant changes to structure,

04 12-Aug-2018 12-Aug-2018 10-Mar-2020
layout and content
Significant changes to structure,
05 22-Mar-2020 22-Mar-2020 21-MAR-2023
layout and content

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 Procedure 2.32.2.1.13.01
QATAR STEEL COMPANY Established 26-May-2013
(QPSC) Effective Date 22-Mar-2020
Revision 05

TABLE OF CONTENTS

REVISION HISTORY
TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTERNAL CONTROLS .................................................................................................. 5

1.1 REVIEW of PROCEDURES ...................................................................................... 5
1.2 EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBLITIES ............................................................................. 5
1.3 APPROVAL ................................................................................................................ 5
2. PURPOSE........................................................................................................................... 6
3. SCOPE ................................................................................................................................ 6
4. PROCEDURE .................................................................................................................... 6
4.1 Definitions ................................................................................................................... 6
4.2 Procedure implementation........................................................................................... 8
4.3 Confined Space Review and Risk Assessment ........................................................... 9
4.4 Confined Space Identification ................................................................................... 10
4.5 Confined Space Register ........................................................................................... 10
4.6 Confined Space Hazards ........................................................................................... 11
4.7 Confined Space Entry Permit .................................................................................... 12
4.8 Working in the Confined Space ................................................................................ 13
4.8.1 Isolation of Confined Spaces ............................................................................. 13
4.8.2 Purging ............................................................................................................... 14
4.8.3 Atmospheric Testing .......................................................................................... 14
4.8.4 Communication .................................................................................................. 16
4.8.5 Revalidation ....................................................................................................... 16
4.8.6 Emergency Response Readiness ........................................................................ 17
4.8.7 Emergency Plan ................................................................................................. 19
4.8.8 Respiratory Protective Equipment ..................................................................... 19
4.9 Completion of the Work............................................................................................ 20
4.10 Training Requirements .............................................................................................. 20
4.10.1 Employees and Contractors ............................................................................... 20
4.10.2 Refresher Training ............................................................................................. 21
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Revision 05

4.10.3 Permit Issuers ..................................................................................................... 21

4.11 Responsibilities ......................................................................................................... 21
4.11.1 Department Manager ......................................................................................... 21
4.11.2 Contractors ......................................................................................................... 21
4.11.3 Executor ............................................................................................................. 22
4.11.4 Team Members .................................................................................................. 22
4.11.5 Authorized Gas Tester (AGT) ........................................................................... 22
4.11.6 Attendant or Confined Space Watcher .............................................................. 23
4.11.7 Issuer .................................................................................................................. 24
4.11.8 Emergency and Rescue Personnel ..................................................................... 24
4.12 Records ...................................................................................................................... 25
4.13 Field Audit / Verification .......................................................................................... 25
4.14 Appendix ................................................................................................................... 26
4.14.1 Confined Space Applicability Flowchart ........................................................... 26
4.14.2 Permit Application flowchart ............................................................................. 27
4.14.3 Confined Space Register template - COR/HSE/SE/F-015-00 ........................... 28
4.14.4 Confined Space Permit Form - COR/HSE/SE/F-003-00 ................................... 28
4.14.5 Threshold and Permissible Exposure Limits - COR/HSE/SE /F -058 -00 ........ 28
4.14.6 CS Checklist - COR/HSE/SE/F-013-00 ............................................................ 28
4.14.7 CS Access Control - COR/HSE/SE/F-012-00 ................................................... 28
4.14.8 CS Energy Isolation - COR/HSE/SE/F-014-00 ................................................. 28
4.14.9 Rescue Plan Template - COR/HSE/SE/F-063-00 .............................................. 28
4.14.10 Onsite Rescue plan - COR/HSE/SE/F-059-00 ............................................... 28

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 Procedure 2.32.2.1.13.01
QATAR STEEL COMPANY Established 26-May-2013
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Revision 05

1. INTERNAL CONTROLS

1.1 REVIEW of PROCEDURES

To assure Managements, Shareholders and External agencies confidence in the

company's policies & practices, QATAR STEEL Internal Audit may verify compliance
with this procedure. [Department Owner] shall review this procedure every three years
to ensure that it continues to serve the purpose intended.

1.2 EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBLITIES

All employees of the company are required to observe and abide with this procedure.

1.3 APPROVAL

This procedure and any amendments made thereto; require the following approvals.

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Revision 05

2. PURPOSE

The purpose of this Qatar Steel Confined Space procedure is to establish the
requirements for the identification, management and control associated with the entry
into and performance of work in Confined Spaces. It is also intended to protect all
individuals from the hazards of entry into Confined Spaces by limiting entry to
authorized individuals (entrants) and by defining controls necessary to eliminate or
mitigate all hazards when entering Confined Spaces. This procedure establishes the
minimum requirements for Confined Space entry.

3. SCOPE

This procedure applies to all employees, contractors, vendors, visitors at the Qatar Steel
site who perform or are involved with Confined Space entry. Each contractor shall
ensure that its employees follow this procedure, as a minimum.

4. PROCEDURE

4.1 Definitions

Acceptable entry conditions: The conditions that must exist in a Confined Space to
allow entry and to ensure that employees involved with a Confined Space entry can
safely enter into, and work, within the space.
Attendant or Confined Space watcher: An individual stationed outside a Permit
Required Confined Space that monitors authorized entrants and who performs all of the
attendants’ duties assigned in this procedure.
Authorized entrant: And individual who has completed the Qatar Steel Confined Space
Entry Training, is certified and authorized by the Department Manager to enter a permit
space.
Authorized Gas Tester: a trained, certified and authorized Qatar Steel employee who
has completed third party Gas Detection and Monitoring Training and is authorized by
the department manager.
Blind: A blind is a device used to positively stop or prevent the flow of energy, fluid or
gas through piping attached at a flanged connection via nuts and bolts and completely
covers the bore of the opening. Blinds must comply with the Mechanical Integrity
Group’s minimum thickness guidelines
Blinding: The absolute closure of a pipe, line, or duct by the fastening of a solid plate
(such as a spectacle blind or a skillet blind) that completely covers the bore.
Confined Space: Any space that has the following criteria:
 Is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform
assigned work; and
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 Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (for example, tanks, vessels, silos,
storage bins, hoppers, vaults, excavations (more than 1.2m deep) and pits are spaces
that may have limited means of entry.); and
 Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy.
 And that has one or more of the following characteristics:
 Contains or has a known potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere
 Contains a material/gas/fluid that has the potential to engulf an entrant
 Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be trapped or
asphyxiated
 Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard.
Emergency: Any occurrence including any failure of hazard control or monitoring
equipment or event internal or external to the Confined Space that could endanger
entrants and equipment.
Entry: The action by which a person passes through an opening or man way into a
Confined Space. Entry includes ensuing work activities in that space and is considered
to have occurred as soon as any part of the entrant’s body breaks the plane of an opening
into the space.
Entry Supervisor: The Executor responsible for determining if acceptable entry
conditions are present at a Confined Space where entry is planned, for authorizing entry
and overseeing entry operations, and for terminating the entry. An Entry Supervisor
may also serve as an Attendant or as Rescue Service as long as that person is trained
and certified by a Third Party. He must also be equipped by his employer as required
to fulfill his role.
Emergency Response Coordination Team (ERCT): A team of specially trained standby
personnel, each with a specified role to undertake the coordination of emergency
services support, who will respond to an emergency call out.
Executor must be a person who is trained, competent and authorized who is responsible
for the work being completed as described in the Permit to Work. The Executor must
ensure that the work being done has been adequately described so that all associated
hazards and risks can be identified.
GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter): A device that shuts off an electric power circuit
when it detects that current is flowing along an unintended path, such as through water
or a person.
Hazardous Atmosphere: An atmosphere where Oxygen concentration is below 19.5%
or above 23.5% and / or flammable gases are present in excess of 0% LEL and / or toxic
gases are present in excess of their Permissible Exposure Limits or Threshold Limit
Value (PEL or TLV) when no mechanical or forced ventilation is used. See Appendix
5 for Values

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Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH): Any condition that poses an immediate
or delayed threat to life, that would cause irreversible adverse health effects, or that
would interfere with an individual’s ability to escape unaided from a permit space.
Isolation: A process by which a Confined Space is removed from service and protected
by the complete and total containment of potentially harmful release of energy, fluid,
gas or process hazardous materials and substances as determined in the HIRA, JSA or
PSA or Method Statement (per the Work Permit Procedure 2.32.2.1.06.01) to ensure
that it would be impossible to operate equipment and expose entrants due to the
measures that are taken to isolate the energy and contain process substances.
 Blinding
 Misaligning or removing sections of lines, pipes, or ducts.
 A double block and bleed system.
 Lockout or tag out of all sources of energy.
 Blocking or disconnecting all mechanical linkages.
Issuer: must be a person who is trained, competent and authorized to issue a Permit to
Work after ensuring that all the hazards, associated with the work being done in that
area, have been identified and all necessary safety precautions are being implemented
to ensure that the work can be completed safely.
Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL): The maximum concentration of an air
contaminant to which an employee can be safely exposed for an eight-hour period in
one day (over a normal work life). This refers to the exposure limits cited either from
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) or the 'ACGIH (American Conference of
Governmental Industrial Hygienists) Threshold Limit Value (TLV); where there is a
conflict of values, the more stringent of the two must be used.
Oxygen-deficient atmosphere: An atmosphere containing less than 19.5 percent oxygen
by volume.
Oxygen-enriched atmosphere: An atmosphere containing more than 23.5 percent
oxygen by volume.
Prohibited condition: Any condition in a permit space that is not allowed by the permit
during the period when entry is authorized.
Rescue service: The personnel designated to rescue entrants from permit spaces.
Testing: The process by which the hazards that may confront entrants of a permit space
are identified and evaluated.

4.2 Procedure implementation

No one shall enter a Confined Space unless;

 A risk assessment has been completed & adequate safety countermeasures like
blinding, electrical isolation, etc. are in place;
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Revision 05

 Written authority is provided to and completed by, the person responsible for the
direct control of the tasks (executor) in the Confined Space (PTW);
 The written authority includes any risk control measures or precautions necessary,
including the number of sentries required, for the safe entry and execution of the
task;
 The executor is advised of, understand and comply with the requirements of the
written authority;
 A record of their presence in the Confined Space is maintained;
 Signs and protective barriers are erected to prevent entry of persons not involved in
the tasks;
 Confined Space entrants, supervisors, attendants and rescue persons are
appropriately trained and qualified;
 Appropriate and sufficient arrangements have been made for the initiation of
emergency response and, where necessary, rescue of persons from the Confined
Space;
 Permanent supervision is provided at the entry point (attendant).

4.3 Confined Space Review and Risk Assessment

It is mandatory that competent individuals assess the hazards and risks associated with
Confined Space work prior to permit issue using the Qatar Steel HIRA and JSA
procedure number: 2.32.2.1.03.01
Each Department will be responsible to conduct a review of all Confined Space work
to determine whether the need to enter the space can be eliminated altogether or
alternatively, the need to enter is reduced as far as possible.
Consider alternatives such as:
 Modify the Confined Space or work methodology such that entry is not required
 Have the work done from outside as much as possible or remove the parts outside
the system for repair wherever feasible
 Modify the work scope such that the work can be done from outside
 Use of machinery to perform cleaning, clearing blockage etc.
 Use of remote cameras for inspection and monitoring
 Use of appropriate tools and equipment
There may be a need to develop other work-related procedures to perform jobs inside a
Confined Space. Examples include specific isolation procedures, hot work procedures,
etc.
These procedures must be established by the department responsible for the work prior
to entry to Confined Space.

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Revision 05

4.4 Confined Space Identification

The ownership of the Confined Space lies with the User Department and they will be
responsible to identify all Confined Spaces that workers may need to enter. The
identification must be based on the definition of Confined Spaces, as per the Confined
Space risk assessment.
Refer to Appendix I – Confined Space Identification and Control Flowchart
All Departments must demarcate the “Permit Required Confined Spaces” using a
permanent label such as the attached image.

Figure 1: Confined Space signage permanently affixed to the vessel/tank

Although dimensions may vary depending on the size of the Confined Space as well as
the point of entry, as a minimum, the size of the signage should be 30 cm x 20 cm and
should be readable from a distance of 10 meters. If not visible, use a larger signage.
As a general guidance, the signage must be affixed or painted above every opening of
the Confined Space where an entry may occur. For open tanks, this signage must be
posted on outside wall where entry may occur. Where signage is on the door of the
Confined Space opening, the signage may not be visible once the door/entry point is
open. Provisions must be taken to ensure that the signage is clearly visible at all times.

4.5 Confined Space Register

All Confined Spaces shall be recorded in the Confined Spaces (CS) Register and shall
be available to all workers on the site. The Confined Spaces Register shall contain the
following information as a minimum:
 Register Number
 Confined Space Number (also the Procedure Number)
 Location of Confined Space
 Equipment Number (where available)

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 Frequency of Entry
 Date Assessed
 Risk Level
 Picture of Confined Space showing entry point
 Relevant P&ID number
Each Department will be responsible for the maintenance of the Confined Space
Register.
See Appendix 3 for an example of a CS Register.
Barriers
The User Department will be responsible to ensure all Confined Space entry points are
locked or have barriers or guards installed preventing unauthorized entry.

Pedestrian, vehicle, or other activities will be barricaded as necessary to protect entrants

from external hazards.
Warning Signs
The User Department will be responsible to post warning signs at all entry points into
all Confined Spaces. Entry points shall be sign-posted with a danger sign forbidding
entry to unauthorized personnel

Figure 2: Warning sign to prevent unauthorized entry while CS entry work is being
performed

4.6 Confined Space Hazards

The hazards associated with each Confined Space shall be identified and documented.
Hazards to be considered prior to entry into a Confined Space shall include, but are not
limited to, the following:
 Suffocation (lack of oxygen, presence of toxic gases)
 Poisoning (presence of toxic gases or fumes)
 Chemical Hazard
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 Moving parts
 Fire (flammables and ignition sources)
 Explosion
 Drowning
 Burial under solids or liquids - engulfment
 Electrocution
 Radiation
 Burning and scalding
 Falls, trips and slips
 Noise
 Temperature, either high or low
 Hot-work environment
 Traffic Hazards (People & Vehicles)
 Falling objects
 Any other hazard, specific to a particular Confined Space.
Where a hazard is identified the relevant Permit Executor is responsible to ensure that
a Confined Space Risk Assessment is undertaken to determine whether there is a risk
associated with that hazard before carrying out work involving entry into a Confined
Space. This assessment shall be in writing and take into account at least the following:
 The nature of the Confined Space
 The work required to be done including whether it is necessary to enter the Confined
Space
 The range of methods by which the work can be done
 The hazards involved and the associated risks
 The actual method selected and the proposed plan
 The means of entry to and exit from the Confined Space and
 The emergency and rescue procedures.
If the risk assessment identifies a risk to health or safety arising from work involving
entry into the Confined Space, the relevant Executor must ensure that the risk is
eliminated or mitigated
A record of the Confined Space risk assessment and the Confined Space procedure must
be attached to the relevant Permit to Work.

4.7 Confined Space Entry Permit

Before issuing a Confined Space Entry permit, the Issuer and Executor shall jointly
consider whether the work can be carried out without entering the Confined Space.
Refer to section 6.2 for examples.
Where the need to enter a Confined Space is identified the Issuer is responsible to
ensure that prior to any work being carried out in a Confined Space:
 the permit is completed correctly;
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 the persons involved in the work are advised of, understand and comply with the
content of the entry permit; and
 the workers have current Confined Space training.
The Confined Space Entry Permit must:
 Only apply to one Confined Space;
 Be valid for one shift only and can be revalidated as per work permit procedure.
 List the Confined Space that the permit applies to;
 List the measures to control risk for the Confined Space;
 List the name of any workers approved to enter the Confined Space;
 List the names of workers as they enter and leave the Confined Space;
 List the name of the worker assigned play the role of Attendant;
 List the period of time that the permit is in operation; and
 List the results of the atmospheric and gas testing within the Confined Space;
The Entry Permit shall specify preparations for entry such as:
 Physical isolation including the isolation of mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic and
process systems;
 Permissible exposure limits;
 Steam isolation and process gas or fluids – double block and bleed;
 Electrical isolation;
 Cleaning and purging;
 Decontamination;
 Testing of the atmosphere;
 The use of personal protective equipment; and
 Briefing of the worker(s) carrying out the work and the Attendant(s).
See Appendix 2 for Permit Application flowchart and Appendix 4 for a Permit template.

4.8 Working in the Confined Space

The Issuer must ensure that no person enters a Confined Space without an authorized
Confined Space Entry Permit. Once the permit has been issued the accountability
passed to the executor for the duration of the permit validity.

4.8.1 Isolation of Confined Spaces

The Executor must ensure that all the risks associated with work in a Confined Space
in relation to the introduction of any substance or condition from or by any plant,
equipment or services connected to the space; or the activation or energizing in any way
of any plant, equipment or services connected to the space is eliminated.
Follow the provisions of the Qatar Steel Energy Isolation and Lockout Procedure
Isolation describes the measures used to prevent:

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 The introduction of contaminants or conditions through equipment such as piping,

ducts, vents, drains, conveyors, service pipes and fire protection equipment;
 The introduction of hot or cold conditions;
 The activation or energizing of plant, equipment or services which may be external
to, but still capable of adversely affecting, the Confined Space (such as heating or
refrigerating methods);
 The activation or energizing of machinery in the Confined Space; and
 The use of electrical equipment;
Hazards that may arise from operation of some protective services in an occupied
Confined Space, such as fixed fire extinguishing systems, should also be considered.
Before entry is permitted to any Confined Space which itself can move, or where shafts,
agitators, blades and other moving equipment is within the Confined Space, the dangers
of their free movement should be considered, and control measures implemented.

For entry into Confined Spaces, gas and fluid pipes must be either physically
disconnected, a blank or a full pressure slip plate inserted, or isolation by a double block
and bleed valve arrangement, or the source of fluid removed. However, if the entire
system of which the Confined Space forms part of, is effectively isolated (e.g. during a
shutdown) locking and padlocking of valves may be sufficient.
Issuers shall ensure that the entire system is effectively isolated and gas tested & sign
the permit accordingly.

4.8.2 Purging

The Executor must ensure, in relation to work in a Confined Space, that purging or
ventilation of any contaminant in the atmosphere of the space is carried out prior to
entry.
As a guidance, purging shall be done to replace at least four volumes of the vessel using
fresh air.
Where there is a likelihood of flammable gas, any electrical equipment including
portable blowers shall be of explosion proof (EX) type and must be grounded.

4.8.3 Atmospheric Testing

The Issuer shall determine and record the gases to be measured and the frequency of
repeating the test or the need for continuous monitoring. The minimum requirement
shall be CO, O2%, LEL% and H2S ppm once at the beginning of shift/work.
Gas testing must be done by a competent AGT before any work starts and should be
rechecked as specified on the Confined Space permit.

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The atmosphere inside the Confined Space vessel must be tested as near as possible to
the time of entry and repeated as required by the work permit or when conditions
change, or after a significant break in work activity. The recommended time interval is
within 30 minutes of entry initially and every hour thereafter. Best practice is to test
continuously while there are persons within the Confined Space or based on the risk
assessment carried out prior to the start of the activity.
The Executor shall witness or satisfy himself, that actual gas test has been done before
accepting the permit. The Executor has the right to refuse the permit if proper gas test
was not done. For critical entries (ex. first entry to process vessels, inert entry, etc) the
executor shall accompany the AGT up to the manway. The Executor shall ensure that:
 the atmosphere of the Confined Space has a safe oxygen level;
 the concentration of any atmospheric contaminant in the space is reduced to or
below the OEL for that contaminant;
 the Confined Space is not subject to any extremes of temperature.
The air movers, blowers and A/C units in the Confined Spaces shall be turned off for a
minimum of 5 minutes before conducting any atmosphere, heat stress, or containment
testing. This will help ensure an accurate reading.
Where it is not possible to provide a safe oxygen level, or atmospheric contaminates
cannot be reduced to safe levels, no person may enter the Confined Space without a
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus.
When testing atmospheres that may be stratified, the atmosphere should be tested at
different levels to ensure a representative result is obtained.
Testing and monitoring of the Confined Space atmosphere or the potential for later
release of contaminants, may require the need for continuous monitoring and testing.
In such cases, the Issuer must specify this on the Confined Space permit and the
Executor should plan to monitor (continuously or at specific intervals) the atmosphere
within the Confined Space.
The atmospheric concentration of any substance for which a recognized exposure limit
exists requires monitoring. These readings will be taken when the permit is issued. If
the initial (or subsequent) reading is 10% the OEL of toxic substances, additional
readings will be taken at least every 4 hours until the permit is complete. If the initial
reading is zero, additional readings are not necessary unless there are conditions or
activities within the Confined Space that could create a change in condition.
When personnel are in a Confined Space, the atmosphere shall be continuously
monitored for O2, CO, H2S and Flammable Gas by the Executor. All personnel must
exit the Confined Space immediately if conditions exceed requirements listed in this
procedure.

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It is mandatory that at least one entrant wear a continuous gas monitoring device at all
times while inside the Confined Space. Based on the risk assessment, there may be a
need to have more than one device inside the Confined Space.
If there is a risk of fire or explosion in a Confined Space the Executor must ensure that
no source of ignition from within or outside the space is introduced to the space and a
Hot Work Permit completed. In such cases, where hot work may be performed inside
a Confined Space, the gas test shall indicate 0% LEL.
If the concentration of any flammable contaminant in the atmosphere of the space is
equal to or greater than 10% of its LEL, The Executor must ensure any employee is
removed immediately from the space.
The Executor must ensure that where the risk assessment indicates a risk to health and
safety, no person enters a Confined Space unless the attendant is present outside the
Confined Space.

4.8.4 Communication

Continuous communication between the attendant and those inside the Confined Space
must be achieved. Depending on the conditions existing in the Confined Space,
communication can be achieved by a number of means, including voice, radio, hand
signals, ropes and other appropriate means. It is mandatory to use intrinsically safe
devices where the presence of flammable gas is possible.
The entry permit, including the Entrants access control sheet and all other
documentation, shall be displayed at the entry point to the Confined Space. Where there
are multiple entries and exit points, signs should be posted at each which identifies the
entry point where the permit is displayed.
Consideration should be given to the environment that the permit will be used in to
ensure that the entry permit remains legible.

4.8.5 Revalidation

The entry permit may need to be re-validated according to the Qatar Steel Work Permit
procedure if the following happens:
 A change in the person responsible for the direct control of the work in the Confined
Space;
 A change in the atmosphere inside the Confined Space
 A change in the work to be performed that introduces a new hazard not addressed
by the existing permit; or
 New precautions are required.
If there is a break in work continuity or if all entrants exit the Confined Space, a gas
test needs to be conducted by the AGT.

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The work in the Confined Space must be carried out as specified in the permit and all
the required precautions must be strictly followed.
The Issuer and Executor shall ensure that appropriate rescue and first aid procedures
and provisions are planned, established and rehearsed especially for high risk areas
based on the risk assessment.

4.8.6 Emergency Response Readiness

Due to the risks associated with Confined Space entry the need to rescue and retrieve
personnel may arise. Planning and preparation using risk assessment tools must be
completed to ensure emergency response readiness is established prior to entry.
Considerations will be given to:
 what could go wrong,
 what equipment must be on hand,
 who will perform the rescue, and
 if one or more trained and competent individuals should be standing-by to assist in
case of emergency.

4.8.6.1 Rescue Plan

 A Rescue Plan shall be prepared for all Permit Required Confined Space entries.
 Fire and Rescue Section shall lead the Rescue Plan development, based on
information supplied on the Permit Required Confined Space Assessment, a site
visit, and seek input from following individuals as necessary:
 Permit Issuer
 Executor
 Emergency Response Coordination Team
 The Rescue Plan shall be attached to the Confined Space Entry Permit and discussed
with all entrants in the Tool Box Talk prior to entry.
 Rescue from vertical entry into a Confined Space that is more than 1.5-meter deep
shall be done using mechanical retrieving device. Mechanical retrieving device
shall be readily available for immediate use and its location shall be stated in the
Rescue Plan.
 Initiating emergency response by means of summoning help, emergency phone
number, and radio number shall be documented in the Rescue Plan.
 Rescue Plan shall be provided with a unique number by Fire and Rescue Section
and shall be indicated in the CSE by the Executor.

4.8.6.2 Non Entry Rescue

 To facilitate non-entry rescue, retrieval systems or methods shall be used by

authorized entrant; enters a Permit Required Confined Space (as stated in the
Rescue Plan), unless the retrieval equipment would increase the overall risk of entry

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or would not contribute to the rescue of the entrant. Retrieval systems shall meet
the following requirements:
 Each authorized entrant shall use a full body harness, with a retrieval line
attached at the center of the entrant's back near shoulder level or above the
entrant's head, or at another point which the employer can establish presents a
profile small enough for the successful removal of the entrant.
 The other end of the retrieval line shall be attached to a mechanical retrieval
device or fixed anchor point outside the permitted space in such a manner that
rescue can begin as soon as the rescuer becomes aware that rescue is necessary.
A mechanical device shall be available to retrieve personnel from vertical type
permit spaces more than 5 feet (1.52 m) deep.
 Rescue preparations to be inspected and cleared by Fire and Rescue Section to
first entry
 Determination of whether retrieval equipment would increase the overall risk of
entry shall be based on the following guidelines:
 A permit space with obstructions or turns that prevent pull on the retrieval line
from being transmitted to the entrant does not require the use of a retrieval
system.
 A permit space from which an employee being rescued with the retrieval system
would be injured because of forceful contact with projections in the space does
not require the use of a retrieval system.
 A permit space that was entered by an entrant using an air supplied respirator
does not require the use of a retrieval system if the retrieval line could not be
controlled so as to prevent entanglement hazards with the air line.

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4.8.7 Emergency Plan

4.8.8 Respiratory Protective Equipment

Respiratory Protective Equipment must only be used as a last resort when all other
control measures in the hierarchy of controls are either inadequate or impractical, or
when there is an emergency situation that requires rescue personnel to enter the
Confined Space.
Respirators are devices that allow persons to breathe safely without inhaling harmful
levels of toxic gases or particles or where an oxygen deficient atmosphere exists.
It is important that appropriate respirator be selected based on:
 Type and properties of contaminants present;
 Hazard and level of exposure;
 Exposure time;
 Work activity;
 Level of protection needed; and
 Characteristics and limitations of the respirator equipment.

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There are mainly three types of respiratory protective equipment that are commonly
used;
 Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
SCBA supplies its own air from a tank independent of surrounding air. This
provides reliable protection against harmful environment. There are limitations due
to capacity of the air tank as well as physical limitation to perform work.
 Airline Respirator
When SCBA is not physically practical, an airline respirator can be used. The air is
supplied from a large tank which is located outside the Confined Space. The
limitation is the entanglement or potential damage to the airline.
 Air Purifying Respirator
This is basically a filter system to remove contaminants form breathing air. There
are several types of cartridges that can be used and these do not provide any
protection against oxygen deficiency.

4.9 Completion of the Work

At the completion of the work, the Confined Space must be closed and the permit
returned to the Issuer and closed. The Executor and Issuer must ensure and
acknowledge that work in the Confined Space has been completed and that all workers
involved in the work have left the space before authorizing the return to service of the
Confined Space.

4.10 Training Requirements

4.10.1 Employees and Contractors

 All new employees and contractors must receive an overview of Confined Space
hazards and risks during the induction process.
 All new employees and contractors, who are required to complete Confined Space
entry shall receive certified Confined Space training before completing Confined
Space entry.
 All employees and contractors shall receive Confined Space awareness training at
commencement of employment.
Training in Confined Space entry, having regard to all relevant activities related to
entering and working in Confined Spaces, shall include:
 The nature of any hazard and risk associated with the space;
 Perform Confined Space assessments;
 Requirements for the issue of entry permits;
 Design and lay-out the workplace;
 Manage and /or supervise persons working in or near Confined Spaces, including
any contractors;
 Maintain equipment used for and during Confined Space entries;
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 The selection, use, fit, testing and storage of any personal protective equipment;
 Emergency response and rescue plans and equipment; and
 Permit to work and isolation procedures.

4.10.2 Refresher Training

All employees and contractors shall receive Confined Space refresher training as
prescribed below.
All Confined Space entrants, executors and issuers shall receive full Confined Space
Training, including practical assessment and be assessed as competent before any
Confined Space entry.
All Confined Space entrants, executors and issuers shall receive annual refresher
training as follows:
 Following completion of full practical Confined Space assessment, complete a
theory based Confined Space refresher training course;
 Every two years complete a full Confined Space Practical Training assessment;
 Any personnel deemed Not Yet Competent shall be referred to their direct line
manager to determine an appropriate training plan.

4.10.3 Permit Issuers

Permit Issuers shall be formally trained in Confined Space hazards, Permit to Work and
Isolation Procedures and authorized in writing by the Department Manager to process
and issue Confined Space Permits.

4.11 Responsibilities

4.11.1 Department Manager

Is responsible for:
 The implementation of this procedure and to ensure that all Issuers and Executors
have received training in the Permit to Work system.
 Ensuring trained, competent and authorized Persons are appointed.
 Defining the scope of each authorization clearly
 Providing a list of authorized persons.
 Ensuring that the requirements of this procedure are communicated to contract and
project personnel working onsite.

4.11.2 Contractors

It is the responsibility of Contractors to ensure all their personnel and sub-contractors

understand and comply with this procedure whilst working on site.

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4.11.3 Executor

The Executor shall coordinate the Confined Space entry task. This shall include:
 Ensure all team members are trained and competent to perform their role
 Review the Confined Space Procedure and Permit in conjunction with the workers
performing the work in Confined Space
 Verify isolations of all energy sources as identified in the Confined Space procedure
 Ensure the Emergency Response Plan details have been completed.
 Ensure all team members comply with requirements on all Confined Space permits
 Sign onto Confined Space permit and any other Permits
 Accept the Confined Space Permit on behalf of a work team or themselves
 Place/remove isolation locks and flags
 Complete job or if the job is not finished, inform the issuer so the permit closed
with isolations in place.
 Sign off permit and any other permits.
 Conduct TBT to discuss the SOP/ MOS and HIRA/ JSA as applicable. The TBT
must also include the duration a worker can stay inside the Confined Space based
on the risk assessment carried out.

4.11.4 Team Members

 Complete a Confined Space risk assessment on the Confined Space Permit in

conjunction with Executor.
 Understand and comply with the requirements of the written authority to enter that
is the Confined Space Permit.
 Sign onto permit as “Request to Enter” and any other permits that are required
 Sign on and off the Entry / Exit log on the permit.

4.11.5 Authorized Gas Tester (AGT)

An Authorized Gas Tester, who has been trained, tested and certified by Approved
Third Party, shall carry out the gas test using an approved gas meter. Only senior field
operators or above of Operation Department can be certified for this purpose.
Authorized Gas Tester Certifiation shall be renewed every 2 years. The Department
Engineer/ Senior Supervisor shall maintain a record of Certified Gas Testers and apply
for timely renewal or new authorizations.
Gas tests are MANDATORY for Confined Space entry. An Authorized Gas Tester of
the issuing department shall fill Section H: Gas Test of Confined Space Permit to record
results of Oxygen concentration, Combustible, Toxic Gases and other gases as
applicable to the location of work.

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Procurement of gas meter is the responsibility of the permit issuer’s department. QS

Safety approval shall be obtained during finalization of specifications and procurement
of the gas meter (portable monitor).
The Department Manager shall ensure that, meters to measure the gases present in his
area are available in ‘ready to use’ condition, with the required accessories, and they
are sent for timely calibration. Service records shall be maintained. Defective meters
shall be withdrawn and sent for repairs. Replacements shall be arranged immediately.
Gas meters shall be calibrated and certified by TP & QS Safety. Next calibration due
date shall be marked. (F ollow manufacturer’s instructions for self-calibrating smart
instruments.)
Operations Shift Supervisor shall test his gas meters at the beginning of the shift and
condition logged (ex. meter no.1 – satisfactory, meter no.2 – O2 sensor defective).

4.11.6 Attendant or Confined Space Watcher

All Confined Space entries require an Attendant at each point where entrants enter and
or exit the Confined Space.
Attendant duties shall include:
 To document their Name, Staff No, Radio No (if applicable), Date and duration of
job (by writing Start and End time with initial).
 To remain outside the entry point of the Confined Space and shall not enter the
Confined Space for any reason.
 Not to leave until all entrants have exited or relieved by another Attendant. The
change in Attendant shall be communicated to the Permit Issuer; CSE Permit shall
be revalidated with the required sign-off of the field copy.
 An entry board shall be arranged and managed to coordinate the entry and exits of
all the authorized entrants.
 Be in continuous, visual, audible (e.g. whistle), mechanical (rope) or radio contact
with entrants as discussed and agreed in JSA.
 Ensure the gas detector is ON, and listen for alarm. Record the readings of the gas
detector in Section F of the CSE Permit Form as required by the established testing
frequency.
 Any alarm in the gas meter shall be treated as real and Attendant shall ensure that
the job is stopped and entrants are evacuated.
 Track personnel entering and leaving a Confined Space, verify that entrants record
their entry/exit on CSE Log Sheet.
 Control the number of entrants as per the maximum number of entrants limited in
the JSA.
 Initiate emergency response when necessary.
 Order entrants to exit the Confined Space in the event of an emergency, and account
for all entrants.

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 Notify entrants to exit the Confined Space in the event of a change in entry
conditions.
 Barricade the entry point and post "Do Not Enter" tag at all entry points when the
job is complete or work is stopped for scheduled breaks.
 At least one of the entrants (typically the first entrant to the Confined Space) shall
be provided with a direct reading instrument that measures Oxygen, flammable
(LEL), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) concentration.
 Communicate all hazards and mitigations associated with the Confined Space and
the concurrent works planned inside the Confined Space with all entrants.
 In the event of an injury or collapse of a worker in the Confined Space, the
attendant’s primary duty is to raise the emergency alarm and if possible, provide
assistance, first-aid, resuscitation, and to inform control room and operator as well
as the area in charge.
 Must not enter the Confined Space.
 Must never leave the entry point (unless it is to raise the emergency alarm).
 Must monitor the time and every 30-60 minutes of continuous entry (frequency to
be decided at the time of permit application based on risk assessment) call for the
atmospheric readings and record these on the permit.

4.11.7 Issuer

 Physically check and test all isolation points as identified on the permit and
procedure.
 Review the Confined Space Permit and Risk Assessment in conjunction with the
Executor.
 Determine with the Executor when, what and how often atmospheric tests need to
be completed.
 Ensure that the atmosphere has a safe oxygen range where it is possible to do so.
 Communicate Confined Space entry, area and equipment hazards to Executor.
 Issue Permits to Work (PTWs) and to the executor.
 Have the emergency response plan demonstrated by the Confined Space team.

4.11.8 Emergency and Rescue Personnel

Whenever possible, non-entry rescue methods should be considered. Where rescue

must involve entry into the Confined Space, the safety of the rescuers must be assured.
No shortcuts of established safe rescue procedures will be tolerated in an effort to
“speed up” the rescue.
Rescuers must:
 Be provided with and be trained to use properly the personal protective equipment
and rescue equipment necessary for making rescues from Confined Spaces.
 Be trained to perform the assigned rescue duties. Each member of the rescue service
shall also receive the training required of entrants.
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 Practice making permit space rescues at least once every 6 months by means of
simulated rescue operations in which the rescuers remove dummies, mannequins,
or persons from the actual permit spaces or from representative permit spaces
 Be trained in basic first-aid and in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). At least
one member of the rescue service holding current certification in first aid and in
CPR shall be available.

4.12 Records

The Permit Issuer shall keep and maintain;

 Entry permits for at least 6 months
The Department Engineer shall keep and maintain;
 The current recorded Confined Space risk assessment form for work in a Confined
Space for 5 years from the time of their validity..
Learning & Development Department shall keep and maintain;
 Training records for the term of the employee’s employment, unless longer periods
are necessary, as in the case of heath surveillance being required.

4.13 Field Audit / Verification

The site designated HSE representative must conduct field verification audits at regular
intervals while work is being performed inside the Confined Space.

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4.14 Appendix

4.14.1 Confined Space Applicability Flowchart

No

Is there any other

physical /process
hazard that may
cause human
injury?

Yes

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4.14.2 Permit Application flowchart

•Identify the Confined Space for entry

•Barricade area and post warning signs.
PERMIT •Apply for Hot or Cold Permit and Confined Space Entry Permit.
•Using SOP, shut down the equipment, isolate processes and complete lock out and tag out per
Equipment Specific LOTO Procedure

•Open manholes, entry points and other process flanges where applicable
•Insert blanks where applicable
VENTILATION •Calculate blower capacity and time to replace 4x volume of air in tank / vessel
•Provide forced ventillation

•Conduct gas tests (oxygen/flammable/toxics)

•Record test results on permit
GAS TEST •At least one entrant must have a continuous gas monitoring device on person while inside Confined
Space
•If test results within safe ranges, proceed.

•Assign attendant near the entry point.

ATTENDANT •At least one attendant for one Confined Space
•Complete Permit requirements and post a copy of the permit near the entry point

RESCUE TEAM •Ensure rescue plan is ready and rescue team has been informed of Confined Space entry

•Identify personnel to enter the vessel

PREPARATION •Confirm they have had adequate training
FOR ENTRY •Confirm they are adequately protected via PPE
•Register their names in the log kept by the Attendant
•Confirm appropriate tools and lighting

•Allow entry to Confined Space

ENTRY •Perform work per work scope
•Ensure work scope falls within the guideline of approved permits

•Ensure good housekeeping

•Remove all tools, equipment and barricades
HAND-BACK
•Cancel Permits
•Hand-back

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4.14.3 Confined Space Register template - COR/HSE/SE/F-015-00

4.14.4 Confined Space Permit Form - COR/HSE/SE/F-003-00

4.14.5 Threshold and Permissible Exposure Limits - COR/HSE/SE /F -058 -00

4.14.6 CS Checklist - COR/HSE/SE/F-013-00

4.14.7 CS Access Control - COR/HSE/SE/F-012-00

4.14.8 CS Energy Isolation - COR/HSE/SE/F-014-00

4.14.9 Rescue Plan Template - COR/HSE/SE/F-063-00

4.14.10 Onsite Rescue plan - COR/HSE/SE/F-059-00

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