ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number and title 10: Website Design & Development

Submission date Date Received 1st submission

Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission

Student Name Pham Nguyen Hung Cuong Student ID GCS210364

Class GCS0905B Assessor name

Lâm Nguyễn Trung Nam

Student declaration

I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that
making a false declaration is a form of malpractice.

Student’s signature

Grading grid

P1 P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 M3 D1
❒ Summative Feedback: ❒ Resubmission Feedback:

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Signature & Date:
Table of content

1. Identify the purpose and types of DNS, including explanations on how

domain names are organized and managed. (P1)
2. Explain the purpose of: (P2)
 Communication protocols
 Server hardware
 Operating systems
 Web server software
 Explain the relationship between technologies above with regards to
designing, publishing and accessing a website.
3. Discuss the capabilities and relationships between front-end and back-end
website technologies (P3)
 Explain how these relate to presentation and application layers. (P3)
4. A review of different website technologies supported with the tools and
software used to develop websites (P4)
 Front End technologies
 Back End technologies
 Databases
 IDEs
 CMS
 Website Builders

1. Identify the purpose and types of DNS, including explanations on how

domain names are organized and managed. (P1)

 Identify the purpose and types of DNS

DNS is like a translator; DNS translates the domain name into an IP address of 4 different numbers.
for example, the domain name www.fpt.com to 123.457.12 or vice versa translates an IP address into
a domain name. DNS makes the Internet more user-friendly today with the advent of all devices
connected to the Internet, Users can only remember the name of the website but it is difficult to
remember the IP address range of that website. Therefore, DNS appears as a service that allows
users to enter the domain name on the web browser and website name.

DNS works step by step according to the structure of DNS, the first step is to resolve information
queries. For example, www.home.com will be converted to 192.168.1.1 which is an Ip address
provided to each device on the internet, just as each home will have a separate home number to
facilitate search. When people want to find someone's website, they can enter the domain name and
it will take them there. If you do not receive the information, you will see an error code appear.

A website on the internet needs at least two components, a web server and a domain name, to work
properly. The web server is a computer that holds the files and databases that make up your website.
Then send it to the internet every time someone accesses your site from their server. The domain
name is the name people type in the browser, and then because the domain name points to the web
server address, the browser can request to access that web server. Without a domain name, everyone
must remember the exact IP address of the server when accessing - this is unlikely.
Types of DNS

Top-Level Domains (TLDs)

A top-level domain (TLD) is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain
Name System of the Internet after the root domain.[10] The top-level domain names are installed in
the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain
name, that is, the last non empty label of a fully qualified domain name.

Country Code Top-Level Domain (ccTLD)

A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved
for a country, sovereign state, or dependent territory identified with a country code.

Generic Top-Level Domain (gTLD)

Generic top-level domains (gTLDs) are one of the categories of top-level domains (TLDs)
maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for use in the Domain Name
System of the Internet.

Second-Level Domain (SLD)

Second-level domains commonly refer to the organization that registered the domain name with a
domain name registrar. Some domain name registries introduce a second-level hierarchy to a TLD
that indicates the type of entity intended to register an SLD under it.

Third-Level Domain

A third-level domain is the next highest level following the second-level domain in domain name
hierarchy. It is the segment that is found directly to the left of the second-level domain.

Premium Domain
A high-quality domain that investors often buy and sell with the aim of making a profit. These
names have a variety of qualities that allow them to outperform others in the key function of a
domain.

 How domain names are organized and managed

Domains are managed by using a worldwide system of domain registrars and databases. The Domain
Name System (DNS) provides a mapping between human-readable computer hostnames and the IP
addresses used by networking equipment.

2. Explain the purpose of: (P2)

 Communication protocols

Communication protocol, also known as inter-network protocol, information exchange protocol and
also called interaction protocol. In information technology, this is called a protocol. The purpose of
the communication protocol is to link subnets for data transmission, signal transmission,
authentication, data representation and data error detection. Data transmission between the transport
layer and the network layer Defines the structure of data packets as a single and basis for data
transmission on the Internet, so that computers and devices can connect and exchange information.
believe together.

 Server hardware

Server Hardware operates in a local area network that runs administrative software which controls
access to all or part of the network and its resources and makes such resources available to
computers acting as workstations on the network.

 Operating systems

The operating system provides an interface between an application program and the computer
hardware, so that an application program can interact with the hardware only by obeying rules and
procedures programmed into the operating system.

 Web server software

A web server is a computer that runs websites. It's a computer program that distributes web pages as
they are requisitioned. The basic objective of the web server is to store, process and deliver web
pages to the users.

 Relationship between technologies above with regards to designing, publishing and

accessing a website.

- Communication protocol the protocol defines rules, syntax, semantics, and synchronization of
communication and can methods of error recovery. Protocols can be implemented by hardware,
software or a combination of both.

- Server Hardware represents all the physical things that you can touch and see which merged and
built together as a single entity called a Personal Computer (PC). It can be a laptop or even your
smart devices in this case.

- Operating System Operating System (OS) is working on top of the hardware. OS is the software
that brings you the interface to be able to communicate with the hardware. Well, of course, there is
more than 10 that. OS communicates with the kernel using the device drivers to send “commands” to
the hardware to do the things that you want to do.
- Web server software Web Server Software is also just a software application. It is installed, and
runs on a computer - the server serves as a Web Server, thanks to this program that users can access
the Web site information from another computer on the network (Internet, intranet).). Web Server
has the ability to send Web clients via the Internet environment (or Intranet) via HTTP protocol.

3. Discuss the capabilities and relationships between front-end and back-end

website technologies (P3)

Ront Front-end and back-end are very important in programming a website. Each one will have its
own function and a close relationship with each other. When accessing a website, user experience is
very important. It includes many factors from page load speed, layout, design to image quality,
website stability. The front-end of a website is the interface to interact with users. Everything that
you can see on the website belongs to the front-end from the font, the color to the menu bar, the
slider up and down. Back-end job. The main function of a Back-end developer is to ensure that the
information and services required by Front-end are implemented. They are the ones responsible for
maintaining the entire system, based on the integration process.
What are the front-end and back-end technologies currently being used
Front-end: 3 main languages: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript programming languages and frameworks
like Bootstrap, Foundation, Backbone, AngularJS, and EmberJS to help ensure content is always
displayed well on all different devices
Back-end: To make server, application, and database interoperable, server-side languages such as
PHP, Ruby, Python, Java, and .NET are often used. build an application, and tools like MySQL,
Oracle, and SQL Server to Search, store, or change data and serve it back to the user in the front-
end.
How these relate to presentation and application layers. These two examples will help to show the
strong cohesion of an unbeaten duo, front-end and back-end.

Ex1 : front-end
When you log in to Facebook, everything you are seeing on this site right now can be done by a
front-end developer. A designer creates logos and graphics, a photographer provides images, a
copywriter writes the content. But a front-end developer combines all the pieces together and
converts it into a web language, and creates the experience you have while browsing through each
page.

Ex2 : back-end
Just like when you log into Facebook, when you navigate to this site, Udacity's servers send
information to your computer or mobile device, and then they are converted to the site you are
seeing.

4. A review of different website technologies supported with the tools and

software used to develop websites (P4)
Wix and WordPress: There are many platforms to create a website. But in summary, we divided into
2 specific ways: one is to use website builder and the other is to use content management system
(CMS).

Wix and WordPress: Flexibility of design and performance Wix: Wix is a great free web building
platform One of the biggest advantages of WIX is that it allows you to build websites with simple
drag and drop. Tools, features integrated smartly. This makes designing and editing the website
interface convenient and fast. Just go to Manage Pages and click the button. Your new pages will be
automatically added to the navigation menu. Wix has many ready-made designs so to design a
website, you just need to choose the interface you want, update the content and images and you're
done. but the templates that Wix provides have an important disadvantage that you cannot change
the model when you start your editing process. and you can even change the look and feel of your
website on mobile with Wix mobile editing.
WordPress: although WordPress started out as a simple blogging platform, it rose quickly and
outstripped other competitors and became a versatile builder that allowed you to create many
different websites. It has over 40,000 plugins available and especially all are free. WordPress themes
can be found at two places at WordPress.org and various independent theme websites and theme
stores. but in contrast to Wix, you will not be able to use WYSIWYG editing to change and edit your
WordPress theme, if you want to change then you must know how to read the code.

Wix and WordPress: functionality. Wix has many useful functions for users. It integrates many
functions into websites such as, comment, forums, live chat, this Site builder supports you to adjust a
lot of styles, such as themes and tools. Other designs are easily found here. WordPress also has lots
of cool and unique functions. This platform has thousands of plugins and themes. These tools can
help you change the design and functionality of your website thoroughly. You can create almost any
kind of website you can think of, with every function available. Moreover, most of the best
WordPress plugins are free.

What is UI / UX? UI is the representative of website design, user interface. For UX is the user
experience. These are two concepts that always go hand in hand, and are used as the main criteria to
evaluate any website. UI / UX design is always mentioned in parallel, together with the fact that it is
two technologies with certain differences. Understanding individually, specifically about each
technology will help understand the functions, tasks and requirements correctly. It is a way to help
us make the most accurate decision according to our actual needs. The official launch so that users
can easily access, then use the functions in the most convenient and effective way. UX technology
when implemented ensures effective access to a website for each person to be effective, convenient
as desired.

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