IMPACT COLLEGE, PATNA

(Affiliated to Aryabhatta Knowledge University)

Project Report
On
MANAGEMENT THESIS / (316605)

In partial fulfilment for the award of the Degree of

BBA 6th Semester, Aditya sharma

June,2022

Guide Name: Anup Kumar Student Name: Aditya Sharma

Designation: Faculty Reg No: 19302316002

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am highly indebted to IMPACT College and My Guide Anup Kumar for their guidance
and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project
& also for their support in completing the project.

The completion of this project could not have been possible without the participation and
assistance of a lot of individuals contributing to this project. However, we would like to
express our deep appreciation and indebtedness to our teachers and supervisors for their
endless support, kindness, and understanding during the project duration.

Also, we would like to thank all our relatives, family, and friends who supported us in one
way or another.

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 GUIDE DETAILS

Anup Kumar
Faculty

MBA Marketing and Finance and Physics (Hons)

Experiences:

Have 22 years of experience in the domain of leadership, organizing skill,

business strategy, motivator and teaching. Handled many projects at NACO,
Defence Service and Railways and organized many conference and seminars at
state level and working regularly on the technical upgradation of education
system in Bihar as well as career placement and soft skill development.

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 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY

This is to certify that the project report entitled Internship Program Submitted to Aryabhatta
Knowledge University in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Business Administration, is an original work carried out by Mr Aditya sharma,
Registration No.: 19302316002 under the guidance of Anup Kumar.

The matter embodied in this project is a genuine work done by the student and has not been
submitted whether to this University or to any other University / Institute for the fulfilment of
the requirement of any course of study.

Aditya sharma Anup Kumar

Faculty

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 DECLARATION

In the undersigned, a BBA student of IMPACT College bearing registration number

19302316002 solemnly declared that project work title Internship Program based on my own
work, carried out under the supervision of guide Anup Kumar. I assert that the statements
made are the outcome of my work. I ensure that project work is original, not a copy paste job
and consequences of plagiarism. I affirm that this project work has not been submitted
whether to this University or to any other University/Institute for the fulfilment of the
requirement of any course of study.

Signature of Student

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

Sl N0. CONTENT PAGE

A Introduction and Background

1 Introduction
2 Scope
3 Limitations
4 Method and Approach of the Report
B Introduction to Powergrid
1 Introduction to the Powergrid
2 Brief Detail of Organisation
C Training and developement
1 Electricity Act 2003 ( Introduction )
2 Function ( Electricity Act 2003 )
D

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 INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT

Internships are a proven way to gain relevant knowledge, skills, and experience while
establishing important connections in the field. Internships are also a way to get my feet
wet and find out if a specific field is something I could see myself doing as a full-time job.

To be a graduate from Aryabhatta Knowledge University, a student needs to complete

his/her Internship. Generally the syllabus requires all students to do an internship at a
firm, organisation, institution and multinational company to get introduced and become
familiar with the professional world. It is a realistic experience of theoretically gained
information and can be measured as an introduction trial to be familiar with the
professional environment of any organisation other than making an individual confident
enough to enter professional life and construct the groundwork of her/his career.

This internship report documents the work done during the Summer 2022 internship at
POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED under the supervision of Sh.
Devendra Kr. Pandey, Deput Mgr Power grid Er-1 , shastri Nagar Patna, Bihar. The
report has given an overview of the tasks completed during the period of internship with
details.

The report has also elaborated on the future work which can be persuaded as an
advancement of the current work. The report is the outcome of the internship work and
experience gathered during the time of my working at Powergrid in the HRD department.

The internship focused on Financial Reporting and analysis with an experience of Finance
Sector learner in POWERGRID as an intern of the Department of HRD.

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 SCOPE

The student usually works under close supervision of a Project Guide.

By this period she/he gets the professional Knowledge from his/her Guide to get
the idea and work experience of the professional field.

Assignment is basically arranged for the recent graduate students who are seeking
entry level jobs.

During this Project student learns practical knowledge of how things really work
apart from bookish Knowledge. Under The Guidance supervision , advises and
gives direction to work in a professional field.

I have had a great passion for my Own startup since I was in School. I knew this
project would help me to understand Indian Business very closely as well as
working professionally in Business administration.

The Project experience did not only impart me to be professional and proactive, it
also gave me a chance to show my creativity, boost up my confidence and help me
to be focused.

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 LIMITATIONS

Limitation is a universal phenomenon every project and study has a limitation and
shortcoming bound to occur. The reason may be quite obvious and or something
unpredictable. But generally weak methodology, lack of study, inadequate designing of
project etc. may impact the finding of study and conclusion

I would like to highlight the limitation of my project report in accordance with the
instruction of college

In limitation of my project work following Flaws and restriction occurred:

● Time limit: Project had to be completed within 30 days along with the completion
of the other formalities of college.
● Interaction with Guide was not possible. communication took place only through
Mobile, Google meet and whatsapp.
● Collection Of information through phone calls becomes a communication barrier.
● Due to the first attempt lack of information and Knowledge are missing out about
preparation of such a project.

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 Methodology

This report is a product of my internship exercise at POWERGRID HRD

Department. The Account specialist, Sales and Marketing Team in the
POWERGRID were friendly people who accommodated me within the first few
weeks as members of the family. I would prefer to describe my Methodology in
two ways:

a. Primary Data and

b. Secondary Data

Primary Data: As an intern in the POWERGRID, I observed different steps of

Financial Management and sales as a participant observation. The term
participant observation refers to a method of data collection in which the
researcher becomes a participant in the group under study.

I had all the opportunities to use all resources and I also shared the views with
the Production Team, Creative team and Finance team, sales team whenever
they were passing moderately free time.

Secondary Data: As an Intern Trainee I have played a critical role in providing

financial guidance and support with the Senior Account Manager at
POWERGRID in the HRD Department.

I have also learned to use the software for Transactions and Account
Management, Finance Support and Customer support named

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 INTRODUCTION TO THE POWER GRID
CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED

Power Grid Corporation of India Limited is an Indian statutory corporation

under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Power, Government of India and is
headquartered in Gurugram, India and engaged mainly in transmission of bulk
power across different states of India. Power Grid transmits about 50% of the total
power generated in India on its transmission network. It is also certified for PAS
99:

Power Grid operates throughout India and covers 90% of country's interstate and
inter-regional electric power transmission system and its business segments include

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Transmission, Consultancy, Telecom and ULDC/ RLDC. Its transmission network
consists of roughly 168,140 circuit kilometers and 252 EHVAC and HVDC
substations, with total transformation capacity of 422,430 MVA as on 31 January
2021, and an availability of over 99%. Power Grid's interregional capacity is
75,050 MW. Examples of Power Grid-owned stations include the Vizag
back-to-back HVDC converter station, the Chandrapur back-to-back HVDC
converter station, the India Sri Lanka HVDC Interconnection, and the
Talcher–Kolar HVDC system.
Power Grid is listed on both the BSE and the NSE. As of 30 September 2010, there
were 792,096 equity shareholders holders in Power Grid. Initially, Power Grid
managed transmission assets owned by NTPC, NHPC Limited and NEEPCO
Limited. In January 1993, the Power Transmission Systems Act transferred
ownership of the three power companies to Power Grid. All employees of the three
companies subsequently became Power Grid employees.

History
The Power Grid Corporation of India Limited was incorporated on 23 October 1989
under the Companies Act, 1956 with an authorized share capital of Rs. 5,000 Crore
(subsequently enhanced to Rs. 10,000 Crore in Financial Year (FY) 2007–08) as a public
limited company, wholly owned by the Government of India with 51.34% stake in the
company as on 31 December 2020 and as principal electric power transmission company
for the country.
Its original name was the "National Power Transmission Corporation Limited", was
charged with planning, executing, owning, operating and maintaining high-voltage
transmission systems in the country. On 8 November 1990, the firm received its
Certificate for Commencement of Business. Their name was subsequently changed to
Power Grid Corporation of India Limited, on 23 October 1992.

Power Grid management started functioning in August 1991 and subsequently took over
transmission assets from National Thermal Power (NTPC), National Hydroelectric Power
Corporation (NHPC)], North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Limited (NEEPCO),
Neyveli Lignite Corporation (NLC), and other cmpanires such as NPC, THDC, SJVNL .

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in a phased manner ; it commenced commercial operation in January 1993. It also took
over the operation of existing Regional Load Despatch Centers (RLDCs) from the Central
Electricity Authority (CEA), in a phased manner from 1994 to 1996, which have been
upgraded and modernized with Unified Load Despatch and Communication (ULDC)
schemes. The National Load Despatch Centre (NLDC) was established in 2009 for overall
coordination at the national level. Later the company had diversified into the telecom
sector for efficient use of its spare telecommunication capacity of unified load dispatch
center (ULDC) schemes and also leverage on its country-wide transmission infrastructure.
According to its mandate, the corporation, apart from providing a transmission system for
evacuation of central sector power, is also responsible for the establishment and operation
of regional and national power grids to facilitate the transfer of power within and across
the Regions with reliability, security, and economy on sound commercial principles.
Based on its performance, the firm was recognized as a Mini-Ratna Category-I Public
Sector Undertaking in October 1998. It was conferred with the status of "Navratna" by the
Government of India in May 2008 and "Maharatna" status in October 2019.

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 ORGANISATIONAL PROFILE IN BRIEF

Organisation:

POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED

Address:

POWERGRID CORPORATION ER -1 Shastri Nagar Patna,

Bihar

Telephone:

(0612) 2285720

Web Address:

https://www.powergrid.in/

Nature of business: Power System Management

Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd., a transmission licensee takes continuous

action regarding operation and maintenance to seek to ensure compliance with

prescribed standards as well as to achieve high availability of the system for

uninterrupted power supply to customers. POWERGRID O&M activities are

ISO certified and systems and procedures are revised periodically to abreast

with the technology.

The Indian Power system for planning and operational purposes is divided into five

regional grids. The integration of regional grids, and thereby establishment of National

Grid, was conceptualised in early nineties. The integration of regional grids which

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began with asynchronous HVDC back-to-back inter-regional links facilitating limited

exchange of regulated power was subsequently graduated to high capacity

synchronous links between the regions.

The initial inter-regional links were planned for exchange of operational surpluses

amongst the regions. However, later on when the planning philosophy had graduated

from Regional self-sufficiency to National basis, the Inter-regional links were planned

associated with the generation projects that had beneficiaries across the regional

boundaries.

Presently, the country has total inter-regional transmission capacity of about 1,12,250

MW which is expected to be enhanced to about 1,18,740 MW by 2022.

Synchronisation of all regional grids will help in optimal utilization of scarce natural

resources by transfer of Power from Resource centric regions to Load centric regions.

Further, this shall pave way for establishment of vibrant Electricity market facilitating

trading of power across regions. One Nation One Grid shall synchronously connect all

the regional grids and there will be one national frequency.

Evolution of National Grid

● Grid management on regional basis started in sixties.

● Initially, State grids were inter-connected to form regional grid and India was

demarcated into 5 regions namely Northern, Eastern, Western, North Eastern

and Southern region.

● In October 1991 North Eastern and Eastern grids were connected.

● In March 2003 WR and ER-NER were interconnected .

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● August 2006 North and East grids were interconnected thereby 4 regional grids

Northern, Eastern, Western and North Eastern grids are synchronously

connected forming central grid operating at one frequency.

● On 31st December 2013, Southern Region was connected to Central Grid in

Synchronous mode with the commissioning of 765kV Raichur-Solapur

Transmission line thereby achieving 'ONE NATION'-'ONE GRID'-'ONE

FREQUENCY'.

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 Training and development

Training and development refer to educational activities within a company

created to enhance the knowledge and skills of employees while providing

information and instruction on how to better perform specific tasks.

Difference between training and development

Training is a short-term reactive process meant for operatives and process while

development is designed continuous pro-active process meant for executives. In

training employees' aim is to develop additional skills and in development, it is to

develop a total personality.

In training, the initiative is taken by the management with the objective of meeting

the present need o fan employee. In development, initiative is taken by the

individual with the objective to meet the future need o fan employee.

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Importance of training and development

• Offers optimum utilization of Human resources

• Enhances skill development

• Increases productivity

• Improves organizational culture

• Improve quality and safety

• Increase profitability

• Improves the company's morale and corporate image

Training and development is always identified as one of the vital Human Resource
functions. In most of the organizations training and development is an integral part of
the HRD (human resource development) activity. Among the cut-throat competition in
the corporate world where skilled manpower is important aspect to gain competitive
advantage, training & development acts as a tool for success of organization. As rapid
changes in technology are deskilling the employees very quickly, many organizations
have fixed certain amount of training hours per year for their employees.

The HRD department is focused towards the improvement of the manpower of the
organization. The training and development activities are often used to motivate
employees and improve their organizational commitment. The HR department has
found out that employee really appreciate that they have given an opportunity to build
new skills and improve their job performance. Employee feels that organization is
totally commitment towards the growth of their manpower and thus they like to be a
part of training and development activities. The training development activities are

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also used to attract new talent towards the organization by publicizing the HRD
efforts.

From the HR perspective, training and development activities are best way to create
talent pool in the organization. Instead of hiring staff which is skilled and trained for a
particular job profile, training and development activities running in the organization
is much cheaper source of internal skilled employees. It reduces the recruitment or
hiring cost of the organization and due to internal hiring for particular position the
employee joining on new post is already aware of the organizational work culture.
HRD department also promotes HR training and development activities as the
homegrown executives are found to perform better than skilled people hired from
outside.

HRD department is usually in-charge of planning and execution of training &

development activities in the organization. This activity includes first search of skill
gaps in the organization and then finding a right source from which the employees can
learn new skills and improve their performance. It is well said that through training
and development activity the HRD department actually contribute to the productivity
of the organization.

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 Introduction to Electricity Act 2003

The Electricity Act, 2003 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to transform
the power sector in India.

The act covers major issues involving generation, distribution, transmission and
trading in power. While some of the sections have already been enacted and are
yielding benefits, there are a few other sections that are yet to be fully enforced
till date.

Before Electricity Act, 2003, the Indian Electricity sector was guided by The
Indian Electricity Act, 1910 and The Electricity (Supply) Act, 1948 and the
Electricity Regulatory Commission Act, 1998. The generation, distribution and
transmission were carried out mainly by the State Electricity Boards in various
States. Due to politico-economic situation, the cross-subsidies reached at an
unsustainable level. For the purpose of distancing state governments from tariff
determination, The Electricity Regulatory Commissions Act was enacted in 1998.
So as to reform electricity sector further by participation of private sector and to
bring in competition, Electricity Act was enacted in 2003.

With effect from 2 June 2003 India has adopted a new legislation called the
Electricity Act 2003, to replace some age-old existing legislation operating in the
country. The new act consolidates the position for existing laws and aims to
provide for measures conducive to the development of electricity industry in the
country. The act has attempted to address certain issues that have slowed reform
in the country and consequently has generated new hopes for the electricity
industry. This paper reviews the Electricity Act 2003, to highlight how the new
features are different from the existing legal provisions and whether these
measures have economic rationale.

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An act to consolidate the laws relating to generation, transmission, distribution,
trading and use of electricity for taking measures conducive to development of
electricity industry, promoting competition therein, protecting interest of
consumers and supply of electricity to all areas, rationalisation of electricity tariff,
ensuring transparent policies regarding subsidies, promotion of efficient and
environmentally benign policies, constitution of Central Electricity Authority
Regulatory Commissions and establients of Appellate Tribunal for matters
therewith or incident thereto.

Key Features

The main features of the act are as follows:

1. Generation is being de-licensed and captive generation freely

permitted, i.e. any generating company may establish, operate and
maintain a generating station without obtaining a licence under this
Act with the only exception that it should comply with the technical
standards relating to connectivity with the grid referred to in clause
(b) of section 73.
Note: Hydro-projects, however, need concurrence from the Central
Electricity Authority.
2. No person shall
(a)transmit electricity; or
(b)distribute electricity; or
(c)undertake trading in electricity,
unless he is authorised to do so by a licence issued, exceptions are
informed by authorised commissions through notifications.
3. Central Government may, make region-wise demarcation of the
country, and, from time to time, make such modifications therein as it
may consider necessary for the efficient, economical and integrated

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 transmission and supply of electricity, and in particular to facilitate
voluntary inter-connections and co-ordination of facilities for the
inter-State, regional and inter-regional generation and transmission
of electricity.
Transmission utility at the central and state level to be a government
company with responsibility of planned and coordinated
development of transmission network.
4. Open access in transmission with provision for surcharge for taking
care of current level of cross-subsidy, with the surcharge being
gradually phased out.
5. The state governments are required to unbundle State Electricity
Boards. However they may continue with them as distribution
licensees and state transmission utilities.
6. Setting up State Electricity Regulatory Commission (SERC) has
been made mandatory.
7. An appellate tribunal to hear appeals against the decision of
(CERC's) and SERC's.
8. Metering of electricity supplied made mandatory.
9. Provisions related to thefts of electricity made more stringent.
10.Trading as a distinct activity recognised with the safeguard of
Regulatory commissions being authorised to fix ceiling on trading
margins.
11. For rural and remote areas, stand-alone system for generation and
distribution is permitted.
12.Thrust to complete rural electrification and provide for management
of rural distribution by panchayat, cooperative societies, NGOs,
franchisees etc.

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