DESIGN OF Year of

CATEGORY L T P CREDIT
CET303 CONCRETE Introduction
STRUCTURES PCC 3 1 0 CIVIL
4 ENGINEERING
2019

Preamble:Reinforced concrete members are designed according to the existing codes of

practice [IS 456 (2000)]. The course provides all the fundamental topics in reinforced
concrete design and enable students to design and detail reinforced concrete structural
members such as beam, slab, column and footing. The course also provides an introduction to
earthquake resistant design and detailing.
Prerequisite: CET201 Mechanics of Solids

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to

Course Prescribed
Description of Course Outcome
Outcome learning level
Recall the fundamental concepts of limit state design and
Remembering/
CO1 code provisions for design of concrete members under
Understanding
bending, shear, compression and torsion.
Analyse reinforced concrete sections to determine the
CO2 Applying
ultimate capacity in bending, shear and compression.
Design and detailbeams, slab, stairs and footings using IS Applying
CO3
code provisions.
Design and detail columns using IS code and SP 16
CO4 Applying
design charts.
Explain the criteria for earthquake resistant design of
CO5 structures andductile detailing of concrete structures Understanding
subjected to seismic forces.

Mapping of course outcomes with program outcomes (Minimum requirement)

PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 1 - 1 - - - - - - - - -
CO2 3 3 - - - - - - - - -
CO3 3 - 3 - - - - 2 - - - -
CO4 3 - 3 - - - - 2 - - - -
CO5 1 - 1 - - - - - - - - -
Assessment Pattern
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Continuous Assessment
Bloom’s Category Tests End Semester Examination
1 2
Remember
Understand 10 10 30
Apply 30 30 60
Analyse 10 10 10
Evaluate
Create

Mark distribution

Total ESE
CIE ESE
Marks Duration
150 50 100 3 hours

Continuous Internal Evaluation Pattern:

Attendance : 10 marks
Continuous Assessment Test (2 numbers) : 25 marks
Assignment/Quiz/Course project : 15 marks

End Semester Examination Pattern: There will be two parts; Part A and Part B. Part A
contain 10 questions with 2 questions from each module, having 3 marks for each question.
Students should answer all questions. Part B contains 2 questions from each module of which
student should answer any one. Each question carries 14 marks and can have maximum 2
sub-divisions.

Course Level Assessment (Sample) Questions

CO1: Recall the fundamental concepts of limit state design and code provisions for
design of concrete members under bending, shear, compression and torsion.

1. Explain the term limit state design.

2. Enumerate the five limit states commonly used in limit state design and state
briefly how they are provided for in design.
3. Define the term partial safety factor as used in limit state design. Identify the
various factors and state the values recommended in IS 456
4. Explain the term 'factored load' and 'characteristic loads. Why IS 456
specifies the same partial safety factor for dead and live loads? Is it
technically correct?
5. How are the following factors incorporated in design formulae for limit
design
(a) partial safety factor for load,
(b) partial safety factor for material strength,
 (c) difference between cube strength and strength of concreteCIVIL ENGINEERING
in structure.
6. Explain the basis for the selection of partial load and safety factors by the
Code for serviceability limit states
7. Why is the partial safety factor for concrete (ɣc) greater than that for
reinforcing steel (ɣs) in the consideration of ultimate limit states?
8. Explain the necessity for specifying maximum and minimum tension steel in
reinforced beams. What are their values?
9. What is equivalent shear as applied to torsion and shear in IS 456?
10. Explain the terms balanced', 'over reinforced' and 'under reinforced' section
Explain which of these should be recommended in design. How is this
ensured in design of beams according to IS 456?
11. Why is it necessary to put a limit on the x/d allowed in singly reinforced
beams as stipulated in IS 456? Can this condition be relaxed for beams with
compression steel? Give reasons for your answer
12. What are the types of reinforcements used to resist shear? Explain the action
of difference types of shear steel in resisting shear.
13. What is meant by equivalent length of a column? Explain how column
behaviour is affected by the effective length.
14. Why is it necessary to have lateral ties in a column?
15. How does helically reinforced columns differ from tied columns in their
behaviour? In what situations would one recommend the use of helically
reinforced column?

CO2: Analyse reinforced concrete sections to determine the ultimate capacity in

bending, shear and compression.

1. A rectangular beam 250mm wide and effective depth 450 mm has 4 bars of
20mm diameter. Find the moment of resistance of the section if M20
concrete and Fe 415 grade steel are used. As per IS 456:2000 find the
limiting moment of resistance also.
2. A rectangular RC beam 230 mm wide and 420 mm effective depth is
reinforced with 2-16mm diameter bars at top and 4 – 16 mm bars at bottom.
Estimate the ultimate moment carrying capacity of the section assuming M20
concrete and Fe415 steel.
3. A rectangular beam 250mm wide and effective depth 450 mm has 4 bars of
20mm diameter. 8mm diameter two legged vertical stirrups are provided at
200 mm c/c. Determine the ultimate SF the section can resist. Assume M20
concrete and Fe415 steel.
4. A square column 300 mm x 300 mm is reinforced with 8 bars of 16 mm
diameter. Assuming M25 concrete and Fe415 steel, determine the safe axial
load carrying capacity of the column

CO3: Design and detail beams, slab, stairs and footings using IS code provisions.
 1. Design a simply supported beam of span 6m subjected to aCIVIL ENGINEERING
live load of 4 kN/m. Use
M20 concrete and Fe415 steel.
2. Design a simply supported rectangular beam to carry a superimposed load of 30kN/m
over a span of 5.5m. Assume support width as 300mm. Maximum overall depth is
restricted to 550mm. Use M20 concrete and Fe 415 grade steel.
3. Design a slab for a room of size 3mx5.5m carrying a live load of 7 kN/m2. Use M20
concrete and Fe 415 grade steel. Assume that the corners are held down. The slab is
having all the four edges discontinuous
4. Design a square isolated footing for a column of size 400mm x 400mm carrying a load
of 1500 kN under service conditions. Safe bearing capacity of soil is 200 kN/m2.Use
M20 concrete and Fe 415 grade steel.
5. Design and detail an isolated rectangular footing for a column 400 mm x 600 mm to
carry a load of 2000 kN. The SBC of the soil is 180 kN/m2.Use M20 concrete and Fe
415 grade steel
6. A dog-legged staircase for a residential flat consists of 18 steps, each of 300 mm tread
180 mm rise, with an intermediate landing 1.2 m in width at the middle. The width of
staircase is also 1.2 m. If the flights are of equal number of steps, design the staircase
detail the steel. fck = 20 N/mm² and fy = 415 N/mm2.
7. Explain the design detail of a combined rectangular footing with reinforcement
details.

CO4: Design and detail columns using IS code and SP 16 design charts.

1. Design a RCC rectangular column to carry an axial load of 1200 kN and a

moment of 70 kNm, The length of the column is 3.5m. The one end is fixed and
the other end is hinged. The width of the column is restricted to the wall thickness
of 24 cm.
2. Design a reinforced concrete column to carry an axial load of 1600 kN. Use M20
concrete and Fe415 steel. The column has unsupported length of 3m and is
effectively held in position at both the ends, but not restrained against rotation.
3. Design and detail a column under biaxial bending with the following data:
Size of column = 40 x 60cm
The column is effectively held in position at both ends but not restrained against
rotation. The unsupported length of column is 3.5m
Concrete grade = M20
Grade of Steel = Fe 415
Factored load Pu = 1900 kN
Factored Moment Mux = 150 kNm and Muy = 110kNm
4. A short column 300 mm x 600 mm is carrying an axial working load of 750 kN
and a moment of 160 kNm at an axis bisecting the depth. Design the
reinforcement required if fy = 250 N/mm2 and fck 20 N/mm2, Also sketch the
reinforcement.
CO5: Explain the criteria for earthquake resistant design CIVIL
of ENGINEERING
structures and
ductile detailing of concrete structures subjected to seismic forces.

1. What are the objectives of earthquake-resistant design of reinforced concrete

structures?
2. What are the objectives behind the special detailing provisions in IS 13920?
3. Distinguish between ordinary moment resisting frame (OMRF) and special
moment resisting frame (SMRF)
4. How do you fix the minimum width of columns of moment resisting frames in
Zone III?
5. What are the design requirements of beam-column joints?
6. What is meant by special confining reinforcement in columns of ductile frames?
7. What are the design requirements of beam-column joints in earthquake resistant
design?
 SYLLABUS

Module I
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Introduction – Limit states – Limit state of collapse in flexure – Analysis and design of singly
reinforced beams.
Module II
Analysis & design of doubly reinforced beams. Analysis of T-beams . Limit state of collapse
in shear. Bond and development length.
Module III
Design of slabs – one way and two way slabs. Design of stair case.
Module IV
Limit state of collapse – compression, Design of axially loaded short column.
Design of short columns subjected to compression and uniaxial/biaxial bending- design using
SP16 charts.
Module V
Design of isolated and combined footings.
Limit state of serviceability.
Introduction to earthquake resistant design. Codal provisions – IS 1893, IS 13920

Text Book:
1. Punmia, B. C, Jain A.K and, Jain A.K , R C C Designs, Laxmi Publications Ltd., 10e, 2015

References:
1. Pillai S.U & Menon D – Reinforced Concrete Design, Tata McGraw Hill Book Co., 2009
2.Varghese P.C, Limit State Design of Reinforced Concrete, Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd,
2008
4. Relevant IS codes (IS 456, IS 875, IS 1893,IS 13920, SP 16, SP 34)

Lecture Plan –Design of Concrete Structures

Course
No. of
Module Topic Outcomes
Lectures
addressed
1 Module I : Total lecture hours : 9
1.1 Introduction – Principles of Limit state method of design,
Introduction to BIS code- Types of limit states-
CO1 2
characteristic and design values-partial safety factors-
types of loads and their factors.
1.2 Limit State of Collapse by flexure -assumptions-stress-
CO1 2
strain relationship of steel and concrete-
 1.3 Analysis of singly reinforced rectangular beams-
balanced-under reinforced-over reinforced sections- CO2 2
moment of resistance codal provisions CIVIL ENGINEERING
1.4 Design of singly reinforced rectangular beams- basic
CO3 1
rules for design-.
1.5 Design example of simply supported beam- design of
CO3 2
cantilever beam-detailing
2 Module II : Total lecture hours : 9
2.1 Analysis of doubly reinforced beams CO2 1
2.2 Design of doubly reinforced beams –detailing, CO3 1
2.3 T-beams- terminology- Formulae for analysis of T
CO1,CO2 2
beams- examples –
2.4 Limit state of collapse in shear and bond- shear stresses in
beams-types of reinforcement-shear strength of RC beam- CO1 2
IS code recommendations for shear design-
2.5 Design of shear reinforcement-examples CO3 1
2.6 Bond and development length - anchorage for
reinforcement bars - code recommendations regarding CO1,
1
curtailment of reinforcement CO3

2.7 Design for torsion-IS code approach- examples CO3 1

3 Module III : Total lecture hours : 10
3.1 Design of slabs- introduction- one-way and two-way
CO1,CO3 1
action of slabs - load distribution in a slab-
3.2 IS recommendations for design of slabs- design of one-
way slab- numerical problems – concepts of detailing of CO1,CO3 2
continuous slab –code coefficients.
3.3 Two- way slabs- simply supported design using IS Code
CO1,CO3 2
coefficients Reinforcement detailing
3.4 Two- way slabs- restrained slabs – design using IS Code
CO1,CO3 2
coefficients Reinforcement detailing
3.5 Stair cases- Types-proportioning-loads- distribution of
loads – codal provisions –Concepts of tread-riser type CO1,CO3 1
stairs (detailing only)
3.6 Design and detailing of dog legged stair- CO1,CO3 2
4 Module IV : Total lecture hours : 9
4.4 Columns- introduction –classification- effective length-
short column - long column - reinforcement-IS
CO1,CO4 1
specifications regarding columns- limit state of collapse:
compression -
4.5 Design of axially loaded short columns-design examples CO4 2
 with rectangular ties
4.6 Design of axially loaded short columns-design examples
with helical reinforcement CIVILCO4 2
ENGINEERING
5.1 Analysis and design of short columns subjected to
compression and uniaxial bending- design using SP16 CO4 2
charts for limit state
5.2 Analysis and design of short columns subjected to
combined axial load and biaxial bending moments-code
CO2,CO4 2
procedure for design- design using SP16 charts for limit
state
5 Module V : Total lecture hours : 11
5.3 Foundations- classification-IS code provisions for design
CO1, CO3 2
of isolated footings-
5.4 Design principles of rectangular footings- detailing. CO1, CO3 2
5.5 Combined footings (design principles only)- analysis of
CO1, CO3 2
combined footings-rectangular and trapezoidal.
4.1 Limit state of serviceability - limit state of deflection-
CO1 1
short term and long term deflection-
4.2 Limit state of serviceability - IS code recommendations-
limit state of cracking- estimation of crack width- simple CO1 2
numerical examples
4.3 Introduction to earthquake resistant design, Importance of
Ductility in Seismic Design, Major Design
CO5 2
Considerations, Codal provisions – IS 1893, IS 13920
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Reg. No.:_______________ Name:__________________________
APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
FIFTH SEMESTER B.TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION
Course Code: CET303
Course Name: Design of Concrete Structures
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours

PART A
Answer all questions; each question carries 3 marks.
1. a) Derive the limiting values of depth of neutral axis for different grades of steel
b) Define characteristic strength & partial safety factor for materials. Why is partial safety
factor for material high for concrete than steel?
c) Explain the term development length and explain its significance in RC design.
obtain the expression for it
d) Explain why and how shear reinforcement is provided in beams
e) Explain the difference in the behaviour of one-way and two-way slabs. Why it is
essential to provide corner reinforcement in two way rectangular slabs whose corners
are prevented from lifting up?
f) What is meant by stair supported on landings? Explain the codal provision for the
effective span of the stair slab in such cases?
g) What are the objectives behind the special detailing provisions in IS 13920?
h) Compare the behaviour of tied columns with spiral column subject to axial loading.
i) Explain how interaction curves are used in the design of column
j) Explain at what situations a combined footing is recommended.
(10×3 marks = 30 marks)

PART B
Answer one full question from each module; each full question carries 14 marks.

Module I
2. (a) Explain balanced, under reinforced and over reinforced sections in the context of Limit
State Design of Reinforced Concrete structures.(4 marks)
(b) A rectangular beam 250mm wide and effective depth 450 mm has 4 bars of 20mm
diameter. Find the moment of resistance of the section if M20 concrete and Fe 415 grade
steel are used. As per IS 456:2000 find the limiting moment of resistance also. (10 marks)
3. (a) Explain the term Limit State. Enumerate the different limit states to be considered in
reinforced concrete design. (4 marks)
(b).Design and detail an RC rectangular section subjected to a udl of 15 kN/m over the
entire span. Clear span is 5m. The beam is supported on masonry walls, 230 mm thick on
 both sides. Assume moderate exposure conditions. Use M 25 grade concrete and Fe 415
grade steel.(10 marks)
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Module II
4. (a) Enumerate the situations in which a doubly reinforced section become necessary. Derive
expression for the ultimate moment of resistance of doubly reinforced section Explain.
(4 marks)

(b) Determine the ultimate moment of resistance of a doubly reinforced rectangular section
of width 300 mm and overall depth 700 mm reinforced with 4 – 25mm diameter bars on
tension side and 2 – 25mm diameter bars on compression side. Assume effective cover of
45 mm on both sides. Use M 20 concrete and Fe 415 steel.(10 marks)

5. (a) The provision of minimum stirrup reinforcement is mandatory in all reinforced concrete
beams. Why?(2 marks)
(b) Determine the ultimate moment of resistance of an isolated beam of T-shaped cross-
section having a span of 6m and cross sectional dimensions are flange width of 1000mm,
flange thickness of 100mm, web width of 250mm and an effective depth of 520mm, having
tension reinforcement of 6 x 28mm diameter bars. The materials used are concrete mix of
grade M20 and mild steel of grade Fe 415. (12 marks)

Module III
6. (a) Distinguish between one way slab and two way slab. (2 marks)
(b) Design and detail a simply supported slab for a room of interior dimension 5m x 4m
subjected to an imposed load of 8 kN/m2. Thickness of supporting wall is 230 mm. Use M
20 concrete and Fe 415 grade steel.(12 marks)
7. (a) Explain the behavior of two way slabs and also the need of corner reinforcement in two
way rectangular slabs whose corners are prevented from lifting.(3 marks)
(b) Design a staircase to be provided in a residential building in two straight opposite flights
of 1.0m width connected by a landing for a floor height of 3.3m. The landing which is 1m
wide spans in the same direction as the stair slab. The rise and tread shall be 150mm and
270mm respectively. The weight of finishes 1kN/m2, live load =3kN/m2. M20 concrete &
Fe415 steel are to be used.(11 marks)

Module IV
8. (a)Classify the columns separately based on loadings and slenderness ratios.(4 marks)
b)Design a reinforced concrete column to carry an axial load of 1600 kN. Use M20 concrete
and Fe415 steel. The column has unsupported length of 3m and is effectively held in
position at both the ends, but not restrained against rotation.(10 marks)
9. a)Draw four typical strain profiles of a short, rectangular and symmetrically
reinforced concrete column causing collapse subjected to different pairs of Pu and Mu when
the depths of the neutral axis are (i) less than the depth of column D, (ii) equal to the depth
of column D, (iii) D <xu< ∞ and (iv) xu = ∞. Explain the behaviour of column for each of
the four strain profiles. (4 marks)
 (b) Design a RCC rectangular column to carry an axial load of 1200 kN and a moment of 70
kNm, The length of the column is 3.5m. The one end is fixed and the other end is hinged.
CIVIL
The width of the column is restricted to the wall thickness of 24 ENGINEERING
cm.(10 marks)

Module V
10. (a) Design a footing for a 400 mm x 400 mm column to carry a load of 100 kN with
foundation resting on a soil of SBC 120 kN/m2.Assume M20 concrete and Fe415 steel. (8
marks)
(b) What are the objectives of earthquake-resistant design of reinforced concrete structures?
What are the design requirements of beam-column joints in earthquake resistant design?
(6 marks)
11. (a) Explain the different types of shallow footings.(2 marks)
(b) Design an isolated rectangular footing for a column 450 mm x 600 mm to carry a load
of 2400 kN. The SBC of the soil is 180 kN/m2.Use M20 concrete and Fe 415 grade steel.
(10 marks)
*********************