Visvesvaraya Technological University

Jnana Sangama, Belgavi – 590018

AICTE ACTIVITY POINTS PROJECT REPORT (05 Points)

ON

Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

Submitted By

Mr. Shahnawaz [3KC19CV420]

Under the Guidance of

Prof. Syed Nawaz

Department of Civil Engineering

K.C.T. Engineering College

[Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University,
University, Belgaum]
K.C.T. Campus, Qamar-ul-Islam
Qamar Islam Colony, Roza, Kalaburagi - 585104
2021-2022
 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

K.C.T. Engineering College

[Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University,
University, Belgaum]
K.C.T. Campus, Qamar-ul-Islam
Qamar Islam Colony, Roza, Kalaburagi - 585104

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the AICTE Activity Points Project entitled “Indian
“Indian Constitution Making and its
Heroes” carried out by Mr. SShahnawaz
h Nawaz bearing USN: 3KC19CV420 a bonafide student of K.C.T.
Engineering College in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering in Civil
Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University,
University, Belagavi during the year 2021
2021-22. It is
certified that all theory/practicals/corrections/suggestions indicated for Activity Points have
been executed under the directions of Prof. Syed Nawaz. TheThe p jectreport
prrooject reporthas
hasbeen
been
approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of AICTE Activity Points prescribed
for the said degree.

Signature of Guide Signature of HOD Signature of Principal

Prof. Syed Nawaz Prof. Syed Mohammad Dr. S.A.M.N. Quadri

Dept of CV Zakir Ali Principal
KCT - Kalaburagi HOD KCT - Kalaburagi
Dept of CV
KCT - Kalaburagi
 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

DECLARATION

I, Mr. Shahnawaz bearing the USN 3KC19CV420, student of 8th Semester B.E. Department of
Civil Engineering, K.C.T. Engineering College, Kalaburagi declare that the AICTE Activity Project
work entitled “Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes”, has been duly executed by me
under the guidance of LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre (An unit of LGS Trust) and Prof.
Syed Nawaz, Department of Civil Engineering, K.C.T. Engineering College, Kalaburagi. The Project
report of the same is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of Bachelor
of Engineering degree in Department of Civil Engineering by Visvesvaraya Technological
University, Belgaum during the year 2021-2022.

Date: Mr. Shahnawaz

Place: Kalaburagi 3KC19CV420
 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of the project report which would be
complete only with the mention of the almighty God and the people who made it possible, whose
report rewarded the effort with success of project presentation

We are grateful to K.C.T. Engineering College for providing us an opportunity to enhance our
knowledge through the project.

We express our sincere thanks to Dr. S.A.M.N Quadri, Principal, KCT – Kalaburagi for providing
us an opportunity and means to present the project.

We express our heart full thanks to Prof. Syed Mohammad Zakir Ali, Head, Department of Civil
Engineering, KCT – Kalaburagi for encouragement in our project work, whose cooperation and
guidance helped in nurturing this project report.

We would like to express profound thanks to the project guide Prof. Syed Nawaz, Project head
and Internal Guide, Department of Civil Engineering for the keen interest and encouragement in
our project presentation.

We extend our thanks to the LGS Social Resource and Research Center for their effort and
endurance to bring out the best in us.

Finally, we would like to thank our family members and friends for standing with us through all
times.

Mr. Shahnawaz

[3KC19CV420]
 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

ABSTRACT

The AICTE Activity Points project has the focus on applying engineering skills to solve the social
problems existing in India. The project “Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes” throws a
light on possible opportunity for the engineering solution in the effective implementation of the
Indian Constitution. The Project is executed in 2 phases, Theoretical and Practical Phase.

In Theoretical Phase, the effort in preparing the Indian Constitution was focused. Any articles or
laws mentioned in the Indian Constitution were not discussed. Instead the vibrant discussions
among 300+ members of constituent assembly in preparing such a vast document were studied.
The foreseeing capacity, imagination power and the equality notion of Dr. B R Ambedkar that
helped framing laws on equality were not implemented easily. There were a lot of oppositions in
constituent assembly to make Hindu laws. However it’s the gigantic commitment of Dr. B R
Ambedkar to frame equal laws that made India a secured and democratic country. The origin of
Constitution in Personal life and Social life were studied. The evolution of laws or constitution
since the ancient period was discussed. The effectiveness of such laws in today’s era was studied.
Though it seems like constitution is implemented everywhere in India, there are many
vulnerabilities. An effective engineering solution to address such issues was discussed in this
project.

In Practical Phase, a data survey is conducted with 05 individuals. For every individual, 60
questions regarding the Indian Constitution Implementations, issues, Present solutions, its
ineffectiveness, necessity of engineering solution were discussed. The survey is helping in
analyzing the type of Engineering Solutions needed to provide platform for the effective
implementation of Indian Constitution in every phase of today’s world. The complete analysis of
300 answers collected is recorded along with photos.

The Final probable solutions along with Financial, Legal and Beneficiary analysis to bridge the gap
were discussed. This solution has a potential to be implemented in the Practical world with the
necessary infrastructures.
 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

PROJECT FEATURES AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

Project Name: Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

Project Category as per AICTE

Contribution to Digital India
Activity Points:
Total Hours of Involvement: 20 Hours

Total Activity Point Earned by this

05 Points
Project:

Implementation Plan:

For the easiness of Implementation, the project was divided to 2 phases. In each phase, the
separate dynamics of the project was understood.
Phase-1 details:

 10 Hours of Theory Class understanding the Source of Problem, Features of Problem, Present
Solutions, Success and Failure of Present Solutions, The Possible Solution to solve such issues
 02 Hours of Case Studies, Interviews and Problem Ana
Analysis

Phase-2 details:

 05 Hours of Practical Survey and Ground Work with the nearby Beneficiaries
 03 Hours of Report Writing

Implementation Plan of Project for 20

0 Hours
Hour
Phase – 1 Phase – 2
(12 Hours) (08 Hours)
Theory – Case Study – Report Practical Survey – Analysis - Report
Under the LGS Trust Mentorship Under the LGS Trust Mentorship
 NGO Darpan Id – KA/2020/0254433 GSTIN – 29AABTL9441K1Z3
Project
Completion LGS Social Innovation and Research
Centre
College: KCT- Kalaburagi An initiative of LGS TRUST ®
Course: BE
Branch: CV Mr. Shah N
Shahnawaz

USN: for participating in a 20

0 Hours of Theory and Practical on Project “Indian
3KC19CV420
Constitution Making and its Heroes
Heroes”” designed to award 05 Activity Points
Certificate ID:
towards the ““AICTE Activity Points Program”
ICH00C4222

Mr. B G Shivanna Mr. Harsha S Mrs. B Kowsalya

President Secretary Treasurer
 NGO Darpan Id – KA/2020/0254433 GSTIN – 29AABTL9441K1Z3
Phase – 1
Completion LGS Social Innovation and Research
Centre
College: KCT- Kalaburagi An initiative of LGS TRUST ®
Course: BE
Branch: CV Mr. Shah N
Shahnawaz

for participating in a 12 Hours of Theory and Case Studies on Project “Indian

USN:
Constitution Making and its Heroes
Heroes”” designed to award 2.5 Activity Points of
3KC19CV420
the total 05 Activity Points of Project towards the “AICTE
“ Activity Points
Certificate ID:
Program”
ICH00A4222
The Student completed all necessary criteria to award Points on 10-May-2022

Mr. B G Shivanna Mr. Harsha S Mrs. B Kowsalya

President Secretary Treasurer
 NGO Darpan Id – KA/2020/0254433 GSTIN – 29AABTL9441K1Z3
Phase – 2
Completion LGS Social Innovation and Research
Centre
College: KCT- Kalaburagi An initiative of LGS TRUST ®
Course: BE
Branch: CV Mr. Shah N
Shahnawaz

for participating in a 08 Hours of Practical and Activities on Project “Indian

USN:
Constitution Making and its Heroes
Heroes” designed to award 2.5 Activity Points of
3KC19CV420
the total 05 Activity Points of Project towards the “AICTE
“ Activity Points
Certificate ID:
Program”
ICH00B4222
The Student completed all necessary criteria to award Points on 15 -May-2022

Mr. B G Shivanna Mr. Harsha S Mrs. B Kowsalya

President Secretary Treasurer
 LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre
An Initiative of LGS Trust ®
No.04, 4th Floor, Nagarabhavi 2nd Stage, 6th Block, Bangalore - 560072

CERTIFICATE

Certified that the project work entitled ““Indian

Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes”
Heroes carried
out by Mr. Shahnawaz beariring
bea ng USN: 3KC19CV420 and NGO Certificate ID ICH00C4222 a
bonafide student of K.C.T. Engineering College in earning 05 AICTE Activity Points (20
Hours) for the AICTE Activity Points Project
P on the partial fulfillment for the total of award of
Bachelor of Engineering in Department of Civil Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological
University,
y, Belagavi during the year 2021
2021-22.

It is certified that the student has participated in all the activities assigned by Centre that can
impart knowledge on the project. It is also certified that student has involved in making the best
model to help the society and solve the social problem related to the project. The Report written
wri
by the student about the completion of the project is found to be satisfactory in terms of AICTE
rules on Activity Points Program. The project report has been approved as it satisfies the
necessary requirements

Signature of NGO Resource Person

Signature of NGO Key Person
Mr. Harsha S
M.Tech, PGDFCS Mr. B G Shivanna
LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre President, LGS Trust
[email protected] [email protected]
Ph: 9448165040 / 9742942597 Ph: 9448165040 / 9742942597
 LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre
An Initiative of LGS Trust ®
No.04, 4th Floor, Nagarabhavi 2nd Stage, 6th Block, Bangalore - 560072

CERTIFICATE

Certified that the project work entitled “Indian

Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
Heroes” was
carried out by “LGS
LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre, an initiative of LGS Trust
Trust” under
the guidance of Mr. B.G. Shivanna,
Shivanna a Red Cross Coordinator, NSS Coordinator, Himalaya Wood
Badge Holder, Scouts and Guides Instructor

My suggestion was considered in creating the syllabus, conducting theory class – Survey – Case
Study and Practical Surveys. The implementation was done as per the standards to make
tudents learn the social problems and come up with the solution for the same.
students

The procedures followed by the LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre towards this project
to earn 05 AICTE Activity Points for the student is satisfactory as per my experience in the Red
Cross - Scouts and Guides,

Signature of NGO Resource Person

Signature of Red Cross Coordinator
Mr. Harsha S
Mr. B. G. Shivanna M.Tech, PGDFCS
B.A., M.P.Ed, LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre
Red Cross Coordinator [email protected]
Ph: 9448165040 / 9880436959 Ph: 9448165040 / 9742942597
 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

CONTENTS

Sl.No Title Page No

01 Necessity of the AICTE Activity Points 1
02 A Case Study on the UNESCO World Heritage Centre 3
03 Problem Statement 3
04 Vision of the Project 5
05 Mission of the Project 5
06 LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre 5
07 Phases of the Project 6
Phase – 1 or Theoretical Phase
08 Existence of Laws among Animals 8
09 Necessity of Laws in Human 9
10 Hindu Religious Laws in Indian till 1947 11
11 Islamic Religious Laws in Indian till 1947 13
12 Judicial Laws in Indian till 1947 13
13 Advent of Europeans to India 15
14 Evolution of Indian Constitution Before 1947 16
15 Constituent Assembly 17
16 Major Discussions in the Constituent Assembly 20
17 Discussions Happened in the Constituent Assembly 23
18 Engineering Solution for the Course 25
19 What’s Next…?? 28
Phase – 2 or Practical Phase
20 Practical Works Needed 30
21 Mode of Practical Work Implemented 30
22 List of Questions for Data Survey 31
23 Analysis of Data Survey 35
24 Collage of the Photos collected during Data Survey 43
25 Conclusion 44
26 References 44
27 Appendix 44
 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

01. Necessity of the AICTE Activity Points

AICTE Council has mandated all the 4 year Technical Degree Enrolled students to Earn 100/75/50/25
Activity Points as per the Instructions.

Today, India has seen the enormous development in Urban Infrastructure. Except the pollution and
increased expenses for lifestyle, the Urban India has all basic infrastructures such as Education, Health,
Transport, Employment, Food and Special Services at the reachable levels.

At the same time, Rural India has not seen any development in the accessibility of the basic
infrastructures. They have to travel long distance to access even a small basic infrastructure. Though
pollution and expenses for life style is very less in Rural Areas, people are migrating to the Urban areas as
they need Basic Infrastructures than the other facilities available in Rural India

As per the experts, if at all Urban India has seen enormous development it is due to the
 Engineering Solutions
 Engineering Implementations
 Engineering Employments

Though engineering contribution is more in the development there are other segments that contributed
to the sustainable Urban Infrastructure such as
 Health
 Education
 Transport
 Dwelling Places
 Government Policies

In comparison, Engineering Solution is seen in less than 10% in the following segments of Rural India:
 Rural Development
 Agriculture
 Animal Husbandry
 Agriculture Marketing
 Rural Employment
 Promoting Local Tourism
 Women Empowerment
 Reducing Malnutrition
 Solid Waste Management

If an Engineer can bring automation to the non living environment in urban areas, he can bring such
solutions to the unexplored segments. Experts say, the Engineering Solution occupies 50% in the
development of any segment.

If we look back from 1970’s, Engineers has not contributed much to the Rural Development. After Rajiv
Gandhi’s scheme of introducing computer in India, people started learning Engineering but concentrated
much on Urban Solutions. The probable reasons are:
 Lack of Revenue in Rural India

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
 Unorganized Rural India
 Failure to foresee the potential of Rural India
 Failure to reach Engineering Solution due to more illiterates in Rural India

As a result, today India has given better scientists and entrepreneurs to the world. Today atleast one CEO
of top 10 companies in world is from India. But India itself is struggling to solve the social problems.

People interested to solve Rural Problems are:

 Lacking the technology knowledge
 Lacking the Implementation Strategy
 Lacking the introduction of Sustainability to the Projects
 Lacking the public involvement
 Lacking the professionalism in the projects

People with expertise in above segments are not interested to solve Rural Problems as:
 They prefer commercialization than Service
 Implementation has to start from elementary stage
 Lack of Public support in Rural Areas
 Lack of Infrastructures in Rural Areas
 Decreasing population in Rural Areas
 Unorganized segments are seen in Rural Areas

Hence AICTE, a Technical Education Monitoring Council has come up with a plan of AICTE Activity Points
that needs
 Identifying the Problem in Indian Society particularly in Rural India
 Explore the available Solution for the Problems
 Analyze the effectiveness of such solutions in the practical India
 Identify the reasons for the failure of solution
 Propose an engineering solution to such problem
 Conduct activities regarding such solutions if the project is considered for 80 Hours
 If same project is considered for more than 300 Hours, a prototype of such solution has to be
implemented

This is a motivational concept by AICTE to bring Social Innovation in Engineers at their education level to
 Address the Social Challenges of India
 Propose a practical solution to such challenges
 Bring more Social Innovations and Research
 Blend the available technology for effective solutions

AICTE Activity Points is very essential in shaping India for the sustainable life style

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

02. Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

AICTE has listed 15 Categories of Project for the AICTE Activity Points. Out of them I have considered the
project under Contribution to Digital India. Following is the Summary

Project Name: Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

Project Category as per AICTE

Contribution to Digital India
Activity Points:
Total Hours of Involvement: 20 Hours
Total Activity Point Earned by this
05 Points
Project:

This project keeps engineering solution in the Contribution to Digital India.

03. Problem Statement

In India, everyone gives high priority to religious laws than the social laws.
 Religious laws are the one that lists one’s religious rituals to be followed in the everyday life.
 Social laws are the one that lists what to be done and what not to be done in the society

While there are thin lines of difference between them, the ideology driving them is completely different
 Religious Laws are oriented towards
 Promoting their religions
 Promoting their religious ideas
 Increasing the beliefs on the religious customs
 Religious followers than the Nation
 United by Religion, Divided by Nation
 Social Laws are oriented towards
 Promoting National Equality
 Promoting Secularism
 Bringing equal opportunity to all
 Providing equal justice to all
 Citizens are important than the religion

Though religious laws originated first, the necessity of the moment is social laws. India has witnessed the
extensive exploitation in the name of religion right from the time of Ancient Period. People were treated
inhuman based on their caste (By Birth). Such social taboo are still seen in Indian remote places

In the modern period, the advent of Europeans to India has given the different dimension to the Indians
thought process. The absence of such inhumane practices among Europeans, treating all Europeans
equal, respecting the women has driven the sense of equality among Indians too. In this perspective,
many Indians became educated and started to learn their social and religious laws. Though Europeans
have devastated the Indian Economy, they have given the positive dimensions to the Social Laws.

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
Even before the Independence of India, the Indians thought the necessity of Indian Laws for the Indian
Society. On this note, Constituent Assembly was formed by the way of election in 1946 to frame the
Indian Constitution.

Many proposed India to be a Hindu nation similar to the Ancient period. But it’s the effort by National
Leaders under the leadership of Dr. B R Ambedkar that drove Indian Constitution to be a Secular and
Equality driven. His non-diplomatic thoughts, firm vision about future India, understanding the
uncertainty that may establish in future shaped today’s India.

Considering the scope of this project, problems considered are:

 Non implementation of Constitution in Rural Areas
 Failure of Constitution in the Personal Life
 Lack of awareness on Constitution in more than 40% of Indians
 Lack of facility to track the person / firm on the number of laws followed and failed
 Increased Corruption
 Lack of transparency

In this generation, youth and politicians are lacking in implementing such noble vision of Indian
Constitution. Some instances are:
1) Existence of Child Marriage even after 74 years of Independence
2) Existence of Women exploitation
3) Existence of Corruption
4) Lack of Patriotism
5) Lack of understanding the Indian Social Laws
6) Increase in the crime rates
7) Lack of equality
8) Lack of equal opportunity

Today, we have achieved in implementing just 60% of Indian Constitution. Though it is very active in the
professions, the implementations have failed in the personal life.

If we divide 24 hours of a day as

 8 hours of Personal Life
 8 hours of Professional Life
 8 Hours of Biological sleep, then

Constitution implementation is successful in Professional life but not in personal life. It has failed in
reaching the rural areas. In India, a 5 year kid is literate on religious laws but not the constitutional laws.
The awareness and necessity is seen only in urban areas.

People started stopping the voice against inequality. Money and Necessity is playing huge role in shaping
the implementations. In the world where financial loans are tracked, the one’s moral are not tracked.
Everything is valued on money and not on laws. Hence such tracking is necessary at this moment.

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

04. Vision of the Project

Develop an engineering solution that brings platform to track every person and firm on the:
 Number of laws followed on day to day basis
 Number of laws not followed on day to day basis
 Behavior in both Personal and Professional life without breaching the privacy
 Transparency in the internal constitution framed in firms
 Transparency in the type of equality available in the firms
 Social Rating of each individual based on Constitution
 Social Rating of each firm based on Constitution

05. Mission of the Project

In this project, with the availability of 20 Hours to complete the project, only following activities can be
undertaken by keeping the Vision of Project as the basis.

Theoretical Understanding of the

 Origin of Social and Religious Laws
 Laws in Ancient, Medieval and the Modern Period
 Comparison of Indian and European Laws
 Change in the dynamics of Laws after the advent of Europeans
 Exploitation of Women and certain sectors of society since ancient period
 Evolution of Indian Constitution
 Constituent Assembly and its leaders
 Constituent Assembly Leaders far and against the equality
 Firm decisions taken by Dr. B R Ambedkar
 Major 4 discussions happened in Constituent Assembly
 Inefficiency of today’s solution
 Our solution for the efficient implementation of Indian Constitution
 Alternate engineering solution to address this issue

Practical Data Survey with 05 Individuals on

 Collecting answer to 300 questions from a total of 05 Individuals
 Collecting answers to 60 questions from each individual
 Developing the public opinion on the necessity of effective implementation of Constitution
 Analyzing the public opinion on the need of Engineering Solution
 Understanding the effect of such solution platform in Society
 Severity of problem in society
 Priority to be taken to address such issue

06. LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre

“LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre” is an initiative of the NGO “LGS Trust ®”. They are the social
workers working on the Social Innovation. They are located in Bangalore.

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
Their main objective is identifying the Social Problem, executing the survey, developing the solution on
paper, implementing the prototype of the same

They are supporting students in the implementation of AICTE Activity Points. I have taken the support of
them in implementing this project

07. Phases of the Project

For the easiness of Implementation, the project was divided to 2 phases. In each phase, the separate
dynamics of the project was understood.

Phase-1 details (10 Hours of Theoretical Study):

 05 Hours of Theory Class understanding the Source of Problem, Features of Problem, Present
Solutions, Success and Failure of Present Solutions, The Possible Solution to solve such issues
 05 Hours of Case Studies, Interviews and Problem Analysis

Phase-2 details (10 Hours of Practical Study):

 05 Hours of Practical Survey and Ground Work with the nearby Beneficiaries
 05 Hours of Report Writing

Implementation Plan of Project for 20 Hours

Phase – 1 Phase – 2
(10 Hours) (10 Hours)
Theory – Case Study – Report Practical Survey – Analysis - Report
Under the LGS Trust Mentorship Under the LGS Trust Mentorship

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

Phase – 1
(Theory)
Duration – 10 Hours

Page | 7
 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

08. Existence of Laws among Animals

Laws exist everywhere. Nature has not created any laws. It is created by creatures among themselves for
 Mutual Harmony
 Cooperation
 Equality
 Equal opportunity
 Co-existence

Animals existed in the world even before the human. They are considered less brilliant compared to
Human. So before considering the laws among the human, let’s study whether laws exist among animals
or not..??

Animals have all feelings like Human:

 Jealous
 Love
 Anger
 Possessiveness
 Lust
 Affection
 Disgust
 Sad
 Fear

These emotions are the reasons for

 Cooperation
 Hatred
 Love
 Family
 Fight

Due to the same emotions that animals have similar to Human, there are high chances that animals may
 Fight among them
 Compete for Food
 Compete for Mating
 Establish Possessiveness
 Fight for longevity

We tried to understand the existence of laws among animals and birds by analyzing the habitation of
wild animals than the domesticated one. Following are some observations that proved the existence of
law among them:
 They live in groups as a method of survival
 They live in groups to protect from predators
 They live in groups due to territory issues
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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
 They stand united against the predators
 Individually they delimit themselves to mark their hunts
 Mother animals stock the food for the baby animals

They have established laws among themselves and same is communicated by:
 Body Signals
 Voices
 Pheromones

Following are some of the case studies:

1) A dance by the Male Paradise bird along with sounds to impress Female paradise bird proves the
existence of following laws among Paradise Birds:
a. Male bird has to impress Female birds for mating
b. Male has to impress by Color, Feather, Dance and Voice
c. No forced mating exist among themselves

2) Tiger urinates upon entering the dwelling territory. This proves the existence of following laws
among the Tigers:
a. In a territory only 1 Male and 1 Female Tiger along with their kids can live
b. A tiger urinates the dwelling territory boundary within which no other tiger is allowed.
The trespassing tiger has to win in the fight to occupy that territory and tigress
c. A survival is the fittest law is applied here
d. Pheromones are released via urine to attract females and males
e. Male has to impress females
f. There is no forced mating

Many such examples of animals, birds and insects were studied to understand that even laws exist among
animals for the smooth life. Laws are protecting them from the fights. Laws are helping them for the
survivals. Laws are helping them to value their efforts. However such laws are communicated via
pheromones, voices and Body signals

09. Necessity of Laws in Human

Whether it is Human or Animal, the laws are not needed when an individual
 Is living Alone
 Is not involving with other individuals on any matter
 Do not need mating partner
 Do not establish the family
 Do not care about the kids
 Do not stock the food for future
 Has unlimited animals for prey and unlimited fruits to feed on

Such a situation is completely ideal. Every individual needs interdependence with other individual of
same species for one or other requirement. Hence a law is needed among same species for
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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
 Living in community
 Sharing the Dwelling place
 Sharing the Hunted or Grown food
 Sharing the Natural Resources
 Securing the Family
 Following the Monogamy

If such laws do not exist then a strongest

ngest or very influential person may get everything easily and others
should suffer. Equality may not exist. Out of all other reasons, the main reason for the law existence is:
 Sharing the hunted animals or grown food
 Conducting marriage in the same clan
 One should not eye on another family’s women

The Mural paintings and Rock paintings of ancient period proves that tribes and Homo Sapiens lived in
groups

Hence to create a society that is Healthy, Secured, Tensionless and Protected following laws were
followed in the Ancient Period:
 Living in society
 Parents bonding are valued
 Spouse bonding is valued
 Monogamy to be practised
 Earning is “Eating and Health”
 Life comfort is living with kids
 One should share the hunted animals and grown crops
 Tax to be given
en to Kings or Leader in
in the form of share in hunted animal or crops

Initially the religious laws were mandated to the community. Along with religious laws, social laws were
made mandatory. By this tribes were the first to start the social laws among them
themselves. They have
 Created laws in Society
 Such laws were mandatory to be followed by all members of tribes
 Punishments were there for the people not following such laws

As laws became necessity for the tribes, the corresponding designations created in the society such as:
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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
 King – To take decision on Law and Punishment
 Law Minister – To monitor the suitability of law
 Punishers – To implement the punishment.

Such portfolios has taken the evolution during the course of time and resulted in
 Government
 Law Portfolio
 Police

All above 3 segments depend on the RULE BOOK or Constitution for the implementation. We can say
tribes are the origin for the laws by keeping family sustainability at the centre. Such administrative cells
enlarged during the course of time
 Few families resulted in tribe – Head: Tribe Head
 Group of tribes contributed in Villages – Head: Village Head
 Group of Villages contributed in District – Head: Janapada / Raja
 Group of Districts contributed in States – Head: Mahajanapada / Maharaja

Irrespective of administration cells, 2 laws mainly existed:

 Religious Laws
 Administrative Laws

Both became the part of every individual. However initially religious leaders were considered as head of
the administrative laws as well. Following religions were evident for the same:
 Hinduism
 Vedas
 Islam
 Buddhism
 Jainism

Major religion and religious laws that flourished in India during Ancient and Medieval Period were:
 Hinduism and Hinduism Laws
 Islam and Islam Laws

10. Hindu Religious Laws in India till 1947

In ancient India, the main aim was to protect Dharma. Dharma was the sacred law book that consists of
 Administrative Duties
 Religious Duties
 Personal Laws

Laws regarding the administrative, religious and Personal laws were sourced mainly from:
 Sruti
 Smriti
 Acharas
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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
Srutis:
These are the words and thoughts developed by experience and are less written. They were originated by
the words of Rishis / Sages. They are considered as most authorative and valued. It includes 4 Vedas:
 Rig Veda – It is a collection of Religious Text
 Sama Veda – It has Music notation to Rig Veda Hymns
 Yajur Veda – It includes mantras for worship and ritual
 Atharva Veda – It has procedure of day to day life learning, marriage and funeral duties

Smritis:
It is a derivative secondary work that is more written and less authorative. It includes
 6 Vedangas
 Epics – Ramayana, Mahabharata and Bhagavadgita
 Dharma Shastra
 Dharma Sutra
 Artha Shastra
 Puranas
 Nithi Shastra for Ethics

Dharmashastra:
It includes rules on Legal Punishment or Judgement rules. Various works referred here are:
 Manusmriti
 Yajnavalkya Smriti
 Naradasmriti
 Vishnusmriti
 Brihaspatismriti
 Katyayanasmriti

Dharmasutras:
It includes the words on
 Personal Laws
 Rights and Duties of Kings and Court
 Proceedings of the Administration
 One’s diet, Crimes and Punishments
 Daily sacrifices
 Funeral Practices

Following are some of the laws that were mentioned in the above shastra books that every Hindu has to
practice:
 Aachamanam – It is a purification Ritual
 Namaskaaram – Rules on respecting elders
 Chanting – Aum Kaara Chanting
 Treating other Family Women
 On Dowry Receiving
 On Treating Guest
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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
 On Ancestral Spirits
 On Sandhya Vandane
 On treating other woman
 On serving food
 On Charity receiving and giving
 On tax collection
 On marriage in own’s family
 On not having children
 On direction to face while eating
 On burying the dead person
 On Impurities that happen in villages
 On treating women

11. Islamic Religious Laws in India till 1947

Islam is a religion sourced to Allah and his prophet. Muslim is any person professing the religion Islam.
Islamic law speaks about one’s duties rather than the rights. Its laws are derived from Quran and other
recorded sayings of Muslim Prophet Muhammad

Primary Sources of Muslim laws are:

 Quran
 Sunna or Ahadees
 Lima
 Qivas

Secondary Sources of Muslim laws are:

 Judicial Decisions
 Legislations
 Customs
 School of Muslim Law

12. Judicial Laws in India till 1947

Discussion on the Indian Judicial Laws till 1947 was a hot topic. While English authors proclaim that, they
have contributed the fair legal system to India, many Indian authors say that such fair legal system were
there in India even before the advent of Europeans. Let’s study in brief about the same

Comment of East India Company Author’s on Indian Judicial System before Europeans Advent:
 It was in pathetic condition
 It was with less humanity
 It was filled with partiality
 It was more on caste biased
 It was a dynamic law book and not the static
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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
 Equality was not there
 Europeans introduced the equality in India

Comment of Indian Author’s on Indian Judicial System before Europeans Advent:

 It was in good condition
 Today’s Judicial System has almost 80% similarity with Judiciary in Ancient India
 It was stable with multiple hierarchy
 Whole world’s judiciary system has its root traced back to ancient India
 British reintroduced the Indian Judicial System with small modifications
 Indian Judiciary System is the oldest in the world
 It was proven in the high court of Allahabad judgement that Indian Judiciary system was stable
even before Europeans advent

Judicial Laws in Dharmashastra:

As per the Hindu religious laws, following are the sources of Judicial laws:
1) Primary Source of Judicial Laws:
a. Smritis
b. Dharmashastras
c. Arthashastras
d. Manu Smriti
2) Secondary Source of Judicial Laws:
a. From King
b. Administrative Laws

Following are the 4 legs of laws:

 Sacred Law – Dharma
 Evidence - Vyavahaara
 History – Charitra
 Edicts of King - Raajashaasana

Courts were established in

the entire dynasty. There
were hierarchy in the blocks.
There were courts either civil
or criminal courts for every
10 – 200 – 400 – 800 villages.
Hence there were upper and
lower courts in every
dynasty.

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
If King has to investigate the case, he was assisted by Court of Justice along with Brahmanas and
Councillors

If judicial system has failed, following takes the responsibility of guilt in ancient period:
 1/4th of the guilt – On the one committed crime
 1/4th of the guilt – On the one who has given false witness
 1/4th of the guilt – On the Judge who has given false judgement
 1/4th of the guilt – On the King failing to provide fair judgement

Lawyer system were there in the ancient period as well to assist public in the legal issues

13. Advent of Europeans to India

Europeans started adventing towards India since 1498. Following pictures depicts the same

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
Though portuguese were the first to enter India, British established sustainable empire in India, For the
welfare of the English citizens and Indians, they started introducing laws in India

Following were the laws introduced by Britishers:

 Laws introduced by British Government to the East India Company and Traders
 Laws introduced by East India Company to their staffs
 Laws introduced by East India Company to the Indian Citizens
 Laws introduced by British Government to their staff and Indian Citizens

14. Evolution of Indian Constitution Before 1947

Following are some of the rules introduced by Britishers that contributed to the evolution of
Indian Constitution

Acts introducing during East India Company Rule (1773 – 1857):

 Regulating Act of 1773
 Amending Act of 1781
 Pitts India Act of 1784
 Act of 1786
 Charter Act of 1793
 Charter Act of 1813
 Charter Act of 1833
 Charter Act of 1853

Acts introducing during Crown Rule (1858 – 1947):

 Government of India Act of 1858
 Indian Council Act of 1861
 Indian Council Act of 1892
 Morley Minto Reform Act
 Montagu Chelmsford Act
 Government of India Act of 1935
 Indian Independence Act of 1947

Many rules introduced during the above acts are still active in Indian Constitution. Every act has
contributed in its own way to the evolution of Indian Constitution.

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

15. Constituent Assembly

In 1934: National leader, Mr. M N Roy suggested
 Idea of creating Constitution to India
 Indian Constitution to be written by Indians as per the India
requirement
 The idea of Constituent Assembly to frame the Indian
Constitution
 Hence Mr. M N Roy is called as “Pioneer of the Communist
Movement in India”

Later in 1938, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru demanded the

 Formation of Constituent Assembly
 Election of members to Constituent Assembly

Later in 1940, British Crown approved the Indians to

 Form the Constituent Assembly to form the Indian Constitution
 Conduct the election for constituent assembly
 Allowed to form after the completion of World War 2

Necessity of Constituent Assembly:

 Indian Constitution has to be decided by Indians and not Britishers
 Indians are fed up of Planned laws that benefits Britishers and not Indians
 Indians need laws that treats all equal
 Indians need laws - created by the People and not the leaders
 Indian citizens has to elect the Leaders to write Indian Constitution
 No Nomination and Only Election to the Constituent Assembly
 The complete responsibility of Indian Law are vest in the hands of Elected Representatives

Main information on elections for constituent assembly:

 Election was declared in June 1946
 Election was conducted in
o Single Transferable Vote Method in British Provinces – Voting By people
o Indirect election method in Princely states – Selection by King
 However the Princely States did not show interest to nominate a person from there constituency
to the Constituent Assembly on the fear of British Crown
 There were 38 Crores votes in India
 Only Elected Provincial Members were allowed to vote. All public were not allowed to vote
 1 Seat was reserved for 10 Lakhs of population
 There were 389 seats to the Constituent Assembly
o 296 seats were from British provinces
o 93 seats were from Princely States

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
Results of Constituent Assembly Election in 1946:
 In British States,
o Indian National Congress won 208 States
o Muslim League won 73 seats
o Rest Category won 15 seats
 In Princely States,
o All 93 seats were rejected
 So on a total 296 seats were selected

However, after the Indian Independence, India was divided as India and Pakistan. Hence many elected
candidates were dropped from the Constituent Assembly. At the mean time, Indian Princely States
showed interest to participate in the Constituent Assembly. Hence they elected a person from there
constituency

Following are the strength of Constituent Assembly after 1947:

 229 people strength from British Provinces
 70 people strength from Princely States
 Total 229 + 70 = 299 People strength from divided India

Main designators of Constituent Assembly were:

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Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

Statistics of Constituent Assembly:

Following were the statistics that happened in Constituent Assembly during its life cycle:
 There were 11 Sessions
 There were 299 Members
 It happened for 2 years, 11 Months and 18 Days
 Total of 64 Lakhs were spent for constituent assembly
 It was adopted on 26-Nov-1949
 It was finally accepted on 26-Jan-1950

16. Major discussions in the Constituent Assembly

There were 2 groups in the Constituent Assembly.
 While the first group wanted to bring back the ancient Vedic system and Hinduism to India,
 The other group wanted to build the equal and secularism to India

Following table shows the differences of opinion between the 2 groups.

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

Major foreign sources of Indian Constitution are:

 Government of India Act of 1935
 England Constitution
 United States of America Constitution
 Irish Constitution
 Canada Constitution
 Australia Constitution
 Germany Constitution
 USSR Constitution
 France Constitution
 South Africa Constitution

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Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

17. Discussions happened in Constituent Assembly

Following are some of the discussions happened in Constituent Assembly.
 Article on Untouchability
 Article on Uniform Civil Code
 Article on Preamble
 Article on abolition of death Penalty
Penalt

Article on Untouchability:

 Untouchability refers to any belief or social

practice which looks down upon people on
account of their birth with certain caste
labels
 Untouchables were treated with lower
values and dignity
 It existed in Vedas period
 Such system still exists in Idnia
 They were not touched or shared resources
with
 In the draft of constitution, Dr. B R Ambedkar has listed Article 11 that says:
"Untouchability" is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden. The enforcement of
any disability
bility arising out of "Untouchability" shall be an offence punishable in accordance
with law
 This article was proposed for approval on 29-Nov-1948
29 1948 in the constituent assembly.
 Many suggested amendment to the Article 11 saying that
o Clear definition of Untouchability
Untou is not mentioned
o Need of Boundary to consider Untouchability
o Some Untouchables are Valid in Some Conditions
 Following are the main person opposed in the Constituent Assembly:
o Naziruddin Ahmad
o V I Muniswamy Pillai
o Dakshayani Velayudhan
 Dr. B R Ambedkar
edkar did not accept the amendment and did not showed interest to amend the
Article 11.
 Vice President of the assembly places the Amendment no.372 to vote. Majority voted not to go for
amendment.
 Hence the Article – 11 remain the same
 This was one of the major
ajor discussion that happened in Constituent Assembly

Article on Uniform Civil Code:

 A Uniform Civil Code means that all sections of the society irrespective of their religion shall be
treated equally according to a national civil code, which shall be appl
applicable
icable to all uniformly. They
cover areas like- Marriage, divorce, maintenance, inheritance, adoption and succession of the
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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
property. It is based on the premise that there is no connection between religion and law in
modern civilization
 The Muslim members of the Constituent Assembly opposed the move with all possible intensity at
their command
 The Hindu members of the Constituent Assembly opposed the move with all possible intensity at
their command.
 The Constituent Assembly debated as whether UCC to be accepted or not in the Constitution
under Article 35
 Many opposed the Uniform Civil Code saying that
 Any group, section or community of people shall not be obliged to give up its own personal
law
 Advocated that the right to adhere to one’s own personal laws
laws was one of the fundamental
rights.
 In his evaluation, personal laws were the part and parcel of religion and culture
 He elucidated that India was emerging as a secular state and it must not do anything which
hinders the religious and cultural ethos of the
t people
 Following were the major leaders who opposed the Uniform Civil Code:
 Mohammad Ismail
 Mohammad Ali Beg
 M A Ayyangar
 K M Munshi
 A K Iyer
 Dr. B R Ambedkar did not accept the amendment and did not showed interest to amend the
Article on Uniform Civil Code.
 Vice President of the assembly places the Amendment to vote. Majority voted not to go for
amendment. However they accepted Article 45 to be included in Directive Principles of State
Policy
 Hence the Article on Uniform Civil Code remained the same in DPSP
 This was one of the major discussion that happened in Constituent Assembly

Article on Preamble of Constituent Assembly:

Assembly

 Preamble is the Index, Summary of Indian Constitution

 Debate happened in the Constituent Assembly, on the
words to be included in the Preamble
 Debate happened on 15–Nov Nov–1948,on the inclusion of
following words in the Preamble
o Federal
o Secular
o Socialist
 Following opposed the addition of following words:
o Prof K T Shah
o H V Kamath
o Maulana Hasrat Mohani
 Dr. B R Ambedkar rejected this amendment

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
Article on Penalty of Death:

 Death Penalty is the default punishment in case of Murder,

Gang Rape, Child Rape.
 Offender has to say reason to reduce punishment to Life
Imprisonment
 Draft said that Death Penalty must be there, While
Assembly Members wanted to cancel them.
 Hence debates started
 Many opposed this saying that
o Capital Punishment to be abolished
o He stated that capital punishment is abolished in various countries of the world
o He proposed so, because, once the said punishment is pronounced, the offender remains no
more alive.
o Later on, if the court or tribunal comes to know that it had committed a mistake i.e. the
person on whom such sentence is pronounced is not guilty then such a mistake cannot be
rectified. He gave examples of thirty countries of the world where society is protected at
large without such punishment.
 Following were the main leaders opposing the Article:
o Z H Lari
o Amiyo Kumar Ghosh
o K Hanumanthaiya
 However Dr B R Ambedkar rejected the amendment stating that let the government give the effect
under Indian Penal Code
 Voting happened and majority voted not to amend

18. Engineering Solution for the Course

Considering the struggle happened in framing today’s constitution, it is our responsibility to make sure
that
 Constitution is implemented in each and every corner of the country
 Constitution is implemented practically
 Constitution must be accessible to the poorest
 Constitution awareness should be there from Elementary education

Indian Government need institutions for the

 Implementation of Constitution
 Verification of implemented constitution
 Checking the violation of Constitution
 Providing fast solution to the violation
 Providing immediate relief measures to the violation

Indian Government has following institutions to do the necessary jobs:

 Supreme Court
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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
 Parliament
 National Human Rights Commission
 Labour Commission
 Vigilance Commission
 Right to Information – RTI
 Lok Adalat

Many segments in the country has not seen legal implementation of Indian Constitution in spite of
 Laws mentioned in Constitution the country
 Money spent for the implementation and monitoring
 Awareness in people about Indian Constitution

In India, we have fully automised technology for

 Tracking Electricity Usage
 Tracking Mobile Currency Usage
 Tracking Financial CIBIL Rating usage

But today we do not have any tracking of Constitutional Laws Implementation in day to day life. Hence
for the efficient implementation and tracking of Indian Constitution a platform is needed. This is
considered as the efficient engineering solution needed at the present time.

While government policy is not favorable and delayed solution at this moment, engineering solution will
be quick and effective. Hence Engineering solution is very much essential to promote the Indian
Constitution tracking. Along with the expertise in LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre, we have
proposed following as the better engineering solution to create Indian Constitution Tracking Platform.

India has approximately 5,000 Taluks. For our understanding let’s consider that 5,000 Taluks for the
analysis purpose as constitution needed in all 5,000 Taluks. For that sake, let’s say we establish a firm by
name “My Indian Constitutional Rights Organization (MICRO)” herein called as MICRO

My Indian Constitutional Rights Organization:

 It is an imaginative company established for the tracking of Indian Constitution
 It is established as a NGO
 Main objective of the firm is:
 Tracking the firms for Constitution Implementation
 Tracking the employees for Constitution Implementation
 Tracking the employer for Constitution Implementation
 Tracking the individual person for constitution implementation
 Providing the 24/7 Legal Aid for free of cost
 Conducting the private investigation for non implementation of Indian Constitution
 A Service Mobile App needs to created for the same

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

Let’s study the work of “My Indian Constitutional Rights Organization” in each and every segment
1) FIRMS Tracking:
 It is a service to check each and every firm for tracking the implementation of
 Adoptability of Indian Constitution
 Accessibility of Indian Constitution
 Violation of Indian Constitution
 Implementation of Indian Constitution
 Verification of the Company’s internal policy
 Checking the implementation of Company’s internal policy
 Verifying the participation of employees and employers in the constitution
implementation
 Verifying the Grievance unit
 Verifying the Vigilance unit
 It is used for tracking the following organizations:
 Government Organizations
 Vendors
 Clients
 Employees
 Employers

2) Employee and Employer Tracking:

 Employers and Employees are tracked for the
 Constitution following
 Constitution implementation
 Constitution awareness
 No. of times constitution violated
 Grievances

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
 Corruption involvement
 Harassment Cases
 How secured to add them to team
 How ethical and moral is to involve them to the team

Financially for every enquiry, Rs. 10/- is charged for the service provided by the firm. On an average 12
Crores of enquiry is generated for 131 crores of population. Such a service is used to check the
background during the employee recruitment and marriage as well. Considering the 12 crores of enquiry
per year and Rs. 10/- per enquiry, on an average Rs. 120 crores are generated as revenue.

Such a solution helps in

 Tracking the constitution implementation
 Make sure the constitution is reachable to every person
 Make sure the constitution is implemented in every firm
 Make sure the constitution awareness is seen in every corner of the country
 Make sure the constitution or legal aid is available at free of cost 24/7
 App makes sure the background verification is done at each stage of every human / firm

According to the survey, such services help in resolving the existing issue in Constitution Implementation

The Financial, Statutory and Performance analysis is made during the course is made. The engineering
solution needed here is the platform development, website development, involving public, utilizing
technology to involve the public in utilizing the service at less price.

This project needs equal participation of business and engineering skills

19. What’s Next..??

In this 20 hours of work, the problem statement analysis and the ground work of data interview can be
done. This solution can be implemented only if another 300 hours of involvement is done.

Hence this solution can be used for

 Final Year Engineering Project
 Startup Project
 Implementation after the graduation

At present, as per our analysis the solution is been proposed.

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

Phase – 2
Practicals
Duration – 10 Hours

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

20. Practical Works Needed

On the account of available 10 hours for the practical works, the following activities are done in the initial
stages:

 Interacting with the Public about this topic

 Discussing the current solution’s ineffectiveness with public
 Interviewing the 05 such individuals about the necessity of such Engineering Solution
 Asking 59 questions related to Indian Constitution Implementation to each individual
 Collecting 300 answers from all 05 individuals along with photo
 Generating analysis along with graphs
 Developing a graph for the public voice

21. Mode of Practical Activity Implemented

Data is collected on the Website of LGS Social Innovation and Research Centre www.lgstrust.com

 Interview is done with 05 individuals

 Interview is done either in person or on video call
 Photo of each individual is attached to the interview
 Finally the analysis report is generated

Following are the screenshots of portal available for the interview

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

22. List of Questions for Data Survey

 Data to be collected from 05 Individuals
 All questions are mandatory for all Individuals
 Taking photo of You and Person interviewing in 1 frame is mandatory
 If direct photo is unavailable, you can take screenshot of Whatsapp Video Call
 Interview with: 05 Common Public

Personal Details
01 Photo
02 Full Name
Male
03 Sex Female
Transgender
Rural Area
04 Living in Rural / Urban Area
Urban Area
05 Age
Yes
06 Is Politics and Constitution same..??
No
Yes
07 Are you interested to know about Politics..??
No
Yes
08 Are you interested to participate in Politics..??
No
Yes
09 Are you interested to know about Constitution..??
No
Awareness about Indian Constitution
Every home has its own rules and regulations which Yes
10
is called as "Home Constitution" No
Yes
11 Constitution = Group of Laws
No
Yes
12 Many believe Constitution is nothing but Election
No
Do you know that 389 members were elected to Yes
13
frame Independent Indian Constitution..?? No
We know every details of Religious Laws but not the Yes
14
National Laws No
Until and unless Parents speak and follow
Yes
15 Constitution, their children will not get awareness
No
about the necessity of Constitution
We mandate kids to read Religious Shlokas everyday Yes
16
but not the Indian Constitution Laws No
The moment we hear constitution, we imagine Dr. B
Yes
17 R Ambedkar but not the other 388 members who
No
helped in framing Indian Constitution
If India is stable today, the reason is Indian Yes
18
Constitution No
Learning Sanskrit Shloka is easier than Yes
19
understanding the Constitution No
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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
Today we have constitution translated in many
Yes
20 Indian languages, but none has translated in a way
No
common public can understand
Even Animals and Birds have constitution / Laws
21 YesNo
among themselves
Engineers have nothing to do with Constitution. One Yes
22
is Science and other is Social No
Even today in India, we follow 2 laws:
Yes
23 1) Indian Constitution Laws
No
2) Personal Laws / Religion Laws
Understanding Political Rules of India is necessary to Yes
24
understand Indian Constitution No
Many NGO's distribute Mahabharatha / Ramayana / 1) Religious Laws are important in India
Bhagavatgita / Quran / Bible etc at free of cost to 2) No one cares about Indian Constitution
25 spread the religious teachings, But none has 3) It is difficult for public to understand Indian
distributed Indian Constitution Book to Public freely Constitution
as 4) One is scared about God rather the Constitution
Its easy to amend / change Indian Constitution laws Yes
26
than the Indian Religious Laws No
About Indian Laws
Every Indian Firm has its own laws to be followed by Yes
27
its members No
Every government office has National Leaders
Yes
28 photos but not even one copy of Indian Constitution
No
Book
Every Indian Home has religious photos but not the Yes
29
Indian Constitution Book No
Indian Education System suggests every kid to keep
Yes
30 a copy of Pocket Oxford Dictionary but not the
No
Indian Constitution Copy
Until and unless one is in trouble, he does not try to Yes
31
understand Indian Constitution No
There are more confusions among lawyers regarding Yes
32
the objective of some Indian Articles No
Police Station
Lawyers
33 Whom should we approach if laws are violated..??
Court of Law
Don’t know whom to approach
1) Making Indian Constitution easy to understand
2) Reaching Indian Constitution to each and every
34 Crime rates in India reduces upon home
3) All of the above
4) None of the above
Yes
35 In India Legal System is not free of Cost
No
Yes
36 Do you know about Lok Adalat..??
No

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
Laws are made by Elected People.
Laws are to be implemented by Govt Officials.
Yes
37
No
But there is no tool to monitor the level of
implementation by Govt Officials
Indian Constituion is implemented in India Yes
38
successfully with 100 percent efficiency No
Corruption is the result of Public illiteracy in
39 YesNo
Constitution
Media telecasts the every life step of the celebrity
Yes
40 but not the consequences and in-outs of Indian
No
Constitution

1) Department of Health does good awareness

promotions than the Department of Legal System
2) People are scared about AIDS and not the Indian
We succeded in controlling AIDS Diseases but not
41 Constitution
the Constitutional Illiteracy as
3) Symptoms of AIDS are easily understandable than
the language of Indian Constitution
4) All of the above

Every Gram Panchayat has Primary Health Centre

but not the Primary Legal Centre. This is the major Yes
42
setback in the efficient implementation of Indian No
Constitution
Literates violates the Indian Constitution more Yes
43
compared to the illiterates No
Opinion on Engineering Solution
Till now, Engineers have contributed very less to the Yes
44
implementation of Indian Constitution No

Contribution of Engineers in Election Process is more Yes

45
than the implementation of Indian Constitution No

1) Political Reasons
Engineering solution in bringing transparency to
2) Lack of interest among Engineers
46 Indian Tax Amount Management by Indian
3) Corruption among Politicians
Politicians is ZERO due to
4) Its impossible to develop solution for this
If an Engineer can innovate Car Automations without
Yes
47 permission of Government, Can he not innovate
No
methods to avoid Corruption..??
1) Its always the Private Sectors that sets trends
2) Social Innovations are initiated by Private Sector
3) Its an Engineer who solves every Social Problem
Private Company made UPI transaction popular,
with automations
48 then government implemented UPI transaction in all
4) Engineering Solution can be developed and
its sectors. This says
promoted privately for the efficient implementation
of Indian Constitution
5) All of the above

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
In Colleges, Engineers were taught to develop Yes
49
solution but not to implement No
Yes
50 Even today Child Marriages are happening
No
Like CIBIL Score, public needs a system to rate every
Yes
51 individual / firm from 1 to 5 based on the level of
No
following Indian Constitution
We are partially successful in giving Equality in Yes
52
Society but failed to assure Equality within a Family No
As punishments for the violations of Indian
Yes
53 Constitution is very light, public has taken Indian
No
Constitution lightly
We can track and punish if an officer hits his
Yes
54 Superior officer but cannot track and punish if an
No
adult hits his wife
Engineering solution is needed immediately to track
Yes
55 the Domestic (Family) Violence rather the Public
No
Violence
Domestic Violence is the root cause for all Social Yes
56
Crimes in the Society No
Engineer solving Social Issues is the Creator of Yes
57
Healthy and Self Sustainable Society No
Every government office must have the photo of
Yes
58 Engineer who has solved social problem along with
No
National Leaders
Awarding and dignifying the Engineer innovating the
Yes
59 solution to social problem can motivate all Engineers
No
to solve such other issues
100 % of Indian Constitution implementation and Yes
60
monitoring is needed at this moment No

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23 Analysis of Data Survey

23.
Data is collected from
 238 Females and 762 Males
 Activity done by 50 students as a group activity
 Totally data is collected from 1,000 public individuals
 I have collected data from 05 individuals
 I have attached photos taken while conducting interview here

Following graph shows the survey result for the corresponding questions listed in previous page. Graphs
are drawn for the corresponding questions

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Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

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Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes

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24. Collage of the Photos collected during Data Survey

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26. Conclusion
Majority of the interviewed individuals has expressed the following

 Wide gap in Indian Citizens and Indian Constitution

 Necessity of Engineering Solution in the addressing Labour issues
 Necessity of Organized platform for tracking the Indian Constitution Implementation

The engineering solution needed here is the platform development, website development, involving
public, utilizing technology to create attractions in every aspect. This project needs equal participation of
business and engineering skills

In these 20 hours of work, the problem statement analysis and the ground work of data interview can be
done. This solution can be implemented only if another 300 hours of involvement is done

27. References
 www.lgstrust.com
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituent_Assembly_of_India
 http://164.100.47.194/loksabha/constituent/facts.html
 https://www.constitutionofindia.net/constitution_making_process/constituent_assembly
 http://www.mcrhrdi.gov.in/87fc/images11/4.pdf
 http://elearningilidelhi.org/ILIWEB/Data/Journals/F5_15_1971.pdf
 https://constitutionnet.org/country/constitutional-history-india
 https://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/constituent_assembly/constituent_assembly_mem.asp

28. Appendix-
Following are the list of 20 case study questions worked on about the Project:

1) Do a short research on the 5 Administrative Laws of Chanakya in Maurya Empire

2) Do a short interview with Parent / Friend / Neighbour about the Constitution..?? Ask him/her the
following questions
a. Is Constitution necessary for India..?? Why…??
b. One Law that they know from Constitution
c. Where did they learn the Constitution..??
d. If Laws are there in House too..?? List any one law in
Home..?

Capture a photo of You taking interview with Parent / Friend /

Neighbour (For Education Use Only). If you have privacy issue make only your photo visible. But the
photo of interview taking is mandatory. Add Interview photo.

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 Indian Constitution Making and its Heroes
3) Do a short research on the “Political Discussion on Increasing the minimum age of female to get
married from 18 years to 21 years”. Following points are to be added in the summary
a. Is this a boon or curse for female?
b. Does this solve the problems associated with female?
c. Should such a law be passed in India?
d. Compare the minimum age for a girl to marry in India with other countries
e. Why such law has to be passed or stopped..??

4) Constitution originated from Tribes. Do you agree this..?? Comment

5) Religious matters are the origin of Constitution. Do you agree this..?? Comment

6) Male dominated Indian society has become

a. Men – Women equal Society in Profession
b. Men dominated Society in Personal Life

This is due to the introduction of Constitution in Professional Life and lack of Equality laws in
personal Life. Do you agree this...?? Comment

7) Engineers have nothing to do with Constitution. One is Science and other is Society. Is this
agreeable..?? Comment

8) Indian education teaches the Equality Laws in Society but not the equality in Personal Life. Do you
agree..?? Comment

9) Struggle 500+members went on to create Indian Constitution from 1946 – 1949 is definitely a lesson
to all individuals about Standing for Truth, Standing for Equality, Leadership Skills and Visionary
Experience. Do you agree..?? Comment

10) In India, a 5 year kid knows more about the religion than the Constitution. Parents give more priority
to Religious Laws than the National Laws. Comment on this

11) Similar to the CIBIL score to track the Loan repayment history of Individual, we need a tracking
system to track one’s history of Law violation. Do you agree..?? Comment on this

12) Engineering Solution is very much essential in tracking if an Individual follows law or not..!! Is this a
possible one..?? Comment

13) Laws created by private companies cannot be questioned by employees..!! Do you agree..??

14) We follow rules of Companies and Colleges rather the Nation’s...!! Comment on this

15) Only Police and Court can question if one does not follow the Constitution..!! Comment on this

16) RTI is not powerful in tracking the company’s laws..!! Comment on this
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17) List 5 laws that you hate in Indian constitution to follow.

18) List 5 laws that you hate in your College to follow.

19) Colleges and Companies need grievance system to report the non-suitability of firm’s laws. Comment
on this

20) Laws are the steps to create Fair and Equality filled society. Comment

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