REPORT

EXPERIMENT 5: FACTORS AFFECTING REACTION RATE

Group: _______3______ Section: ______5________ Date: __30/03/2022__

Group members:

Seq. Full name Student ID % contribution Signature Score

(total = 100%)

1 Trần Đạo Quang BEBEIU20288 20%

2 Nguyễn Minh Quân ITITIU18189 20%

3 Trần Thị Mỹ Trâm IELSIU20438 20%

4 Bùi Hồng Phúc ITDSIU19014 20%

5 Nguyễn Bảo Nam Sang CECEIU20019 20%

Total score: ________/15__

Present well: + 1 point

Clear picture: + 1 point

Total = 15 points

I. Introduction (1 pt)
 In this experience, we see that the rate of a chemical reaction indicates how rapidly the
reaction occurs and is dependent on the concentration, temperature, and catalyst, as well as
learning how to calculate the reaction rate of substances:

Effect of concentration on reaction time.

Effect of temperature on reaction time.

Effect of catalyst in reaction time.

The speed of a chemical reaction may be defined as the change in concentration of a

substance divided by the time interval during which this change is observed:

Δconcentration Δ[C]
rate= = (mol/L.s)
Δtime Δt

Δ[C] is the change in product concentration during time period Δt (s).

II. Experimental (1 pt)

EXPERIMENT 1: EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION ON REACTION TIME

PREPARATION:

Take ∼ 90mL 0.1M (NH4)2S2O8.

Take ∼ 60mL 0.005M Na2S2O3.

Take ∼ 90mL 0.2M KI.

Take ∼ 50mL starch solution.

Prepare 22 test tubes: the first 11 test tubes, labor from A1 to A11. For the last 11 test tubes,
labor from B1 to B11.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Prepare solution A

Add 0.1M (NH4)2S2O8 and distilled water to each test tube (from #A1 to #A11) due to the
table in the lab manual.

Then, add 5mL 0.005M Na2S2O3 and ∼ 4mL starch per tube.

Step 2: Prepare solution B

Add 0.2M KI and distilled water to each test tube (from #B1 to #B11).

Step 3: Mix solution A and solution B

#A1 + #B1: stirring and timing. When the first sign of color change appears, stop and record
the result.

Follow this procedure from #A1 + #B1 to #A11 + #B11.

Step 4: Illustrate the data by the graph.

Step 5: Discard the wastes, clean all the instruments and return them and chemicals to the
appropriate places.

EXPERIMENT 2: EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON REACTION RATE

PREPARATION:

Prepare 3 test tubes, labor from 1A to 3A, and pour ∼ 5mL of 0.33M H2C2O4 per tube.

Prepare 3 test tubes, labor from 1B to 3B, and pour ∼ 1mL of 0.01M KMnO4 and 5mL of
3M H2SO4 per tube.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Place test tubes 1A and 1B at room temperature. Then pour #1B into #1A. Record the
time for the purple color to disappear.

Step 2: Place test tubes 2A and 2B in the 500C water bath for around 3 minutes. Then pour
#2B into #2A. Record the time for the purple color to disappear.

Step 3: Place test tubes 3A and 3B in the 900C water bath for around 3 minutes. Then pour
#3B into #3A. Record the time for the purple color to disappear.

Step 4: Discard the wastes, clean all the instruments and return them and chemicals to the
appropriate places.

EXPERIMENT 3: EFFECT OF CATALYST ON REACTION RATE

PREPARATION: Pour 40mL of 3% H2O2 into a beaker.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Add ∼ 5mL of 3% H2O2 equally to each test tube (6 test tubes, labor from 1 to 6).

Step 2:

Test tube #1: Put MnCl2 (solid) into the test tube. Agitate the mixture, observe and record
the time for air bubbles to appear.

Test tube #2: Put MnO2 (solid) into the test tube. Agitate the mixture, observe and record the
time for air bubbles to appear.

Test tube #3: Put NaCl (solid) into the test tube. Agitate the mixture, observe and record the
time for air bubbles to appear.
 Test tube #4: Put CaCl2 (solid) into the test tube. Agitate the mixture, observe and record the
time for air bubbles to appear.

Test tube #5: Put Zn (solid) into the test tube. Agitate the mixture, observe and record the
time for air bubbles to appear.

Test tube #6: Put Fe(NO3)3 into the test tube. Agitate the mixture, observe and record the
time for air bubbles to appear.

Step 3: Arrange the reaction rate (the time for air bubbles to appear) of each test tube in
decreasing order (from fastest to slowest).

Step 4: Discard the wastes, clean all the instruments and return them and chemicals to the
appropriate places.

III. Results and discussion

1. EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION ON REACTION TIME (5 pts)

Reaction 1: 2I- + S2O82- → I2 + 2SO42- ( SLOW )

Iodide ions + peroxydisulfate ions → iodine + sulfate ions

Reaction 2: I2+ 2S2O32- → 2I- + S4O62- ( FAST )

Iodine + thiosulfate ion → iodide ion + tetrathionate ion

Calculate the initial concentrations of I- and S2O82- ions:

Mixture # 5:

[I-] = [(4.0 mL) x (0.2 mL/L)] / 29.0 mL = 0.028 mol/L 

[S2O82-] = [(10.0 mL) x (0.1 mL/L)] / 29.0 mL = 0.034 mol/L 

Mixture Iodide ion Peroxydisulfate Time in seconds

0.069 0.034
1 93

0.059 0.034
2 102
 0.048 0.034
3 174

0.038 0.034
4 235

0.028 0.034
5 326

0.017 0.034
6 618

Mixture Iodide ion Peroxydisulfate Time in seconds

0.069 0.029
7 138

0.069 0.024
8 225

0.069 0.022
9 332

0.069 0.016
10 405

0.069 0.01
11 521

Plotting the concentration of iodide ion versus time: [Note: X – axis: time; Y – axis:
concentrations].

● Mixtures # 1-6: Graph (1 pt)

The order of reaction with respect to iodide ion? (0.5 pts)

❖ The faster the reaction, the larger the concentration of iodine ions.
❖ Response time: Mixture 6 > 5 > 4 > 3 > 2 > 1.
❖ The quickness of reaction:
■ 1st mixture: quickest.
■ Mixture 2, 3, 4, 5: quicker.
■ The 6th mixture is the slowest.

Comments: (0.5 pts)

The outcomes are similar to our expectations. When a material in a reaction has a higher
concentration, it has a greater likelihood of colliding effectively with other particles. As a
result, it will occur faster and easier with a greater concentration solution.

● Mixtures # 1, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11: Graph (1 pt)

The order of reaction with respect to peroxydisulfate ion? (0.5 pts)

❖ The process is accelerated by increasing the concentration of peroxydisulfate ion.

❖ Response time: Mixture 11 > 10 > 9 > 8 > 7 > 1
❖ The quickness of reaction:
■ 1st mixture: quickest.
■ Mixture 7, 8, 9, 10: quicker.
■ Mixture 11 is the sluggishest.

Comments: (0.5 pts)

 The outcomes are similar to our expectations. When a component in a reaction has a
higher concentration, it has a greater likelihood of colliding effectively with other particles.
Peroxydisulfate ion concentration, in addition to iodine ion concentration, influences reaction
rate. When the concentration of peroxydisulfate ions is high, the reaction proceeds quickly,
and vice versa.

2. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE REACTION RATE (2 pts)

Reaction System:

5H2C2O4+ 2KMnO4+ 3H2SO4 → 2MnSO4 + K2SO4+ 10CO2 + 8H2O

Description of Predicted outcome Observation Reaction Explanation

conditions time

Room Slowly react Color change slowly 102 Because H2C2O4 is a reducing
agent, H2C2O4 stained the KMnO4
temperature
solution in an acidic environment.
However, the reaction is relatively
delayed due to inadequate room
temperature.

Faster react Color change faster 11 H2C2O4 when heated at a higher

than reaction in temperature, it reacts more quickly
500C temperature room and discolors KMnO4 significantly
faster than at normal temperature.

900C Faster react Color in this 1 H2C2O4 is a reducing agent, and in

experiment lost the an acidic environment, H2C2O4
fastest compared to staining the KMnO4 solution reacts
the other 2 exceptionally fast at high
experiments temperatures.

Comment: (1pt)

The pace of a chemical reaction is affected by ambient temperature because it supplies

kinetic energy for the reactions to occur more quickly. When executing chemical reactions, it
is vital to generate enough heat to properly respond to chemical applications.

3. EFFECT OF A CATALYST ON THE REACTION RATE (3 pts)

 Reaction System: 2H2O2(aq) → 2H2O + O2(g)

Trial Description of Predicted outcome Observation Explanation

conditions (Reaction rate)

1 + MnCl2 Slow Slow MnCl2 is not a strong catalyst, so the

bubbles appeared slowly.

2 + MnO2 Fast Very fast Because MnO2 is a strong catalyst, it can

speed up the reaction so the air bubbles
appeared rapidly.

3 + NaCl Slow Slower than MnCl2 When we put NaCl into the reaction, it can
help increase the reaction rate but it does
not get really used in the decomposition
reaction of H2O2.

4 + CaCl2 Slow Slow Because CaCl2 is not a strong catalyst.

5 + Zn Slow Unremarkable Because Zn is not a catalyst, it did not

play any role in the decomposition
reaction of H2O2.

6 + Fe(NO3)3 Fast Very fast Fe(NO3)3 is a strong catalyst, it can

increase the reaction rate of the
decomposition reaction of H2O2.

The order of catalyst activity:

MnO2 (1s) > Fe(NO3)3, NaCl (3s)> MnCl2 (6s)> CaCl2 (6s18) > Zn (12s)

Comments:
 From this experiment, we can conclude that depending on each kind of catalyst, the rate
of this 2H2O2(aq) → 2H 2O + O2(g) reaction in each test tube was different when we
observed and recorded.

IV. Conclusions (1 pt)

In experiment 5, we measure the rate of a chemical reaction (change in concentration) of

one of the reactants or products over time. The following factors influence the response rate:

● Effect of concentration: as the concentration of the reactants increases, so does the

rate of the reaction.
● Effect of temperature: as the temperature rises, the reaction rate rises: when the
reaction temperature rises, two things happen: the speed of the molecules increases,
increasing the frequency of collisions between reactants. Increase in responsiveness.
The effective frequency of collisions between reactants is rapidly increasing. This is
the primary cause of the fast rise in reaction rate with rising temperature.
● Effect of catalyst: A catalyst is a chemical that substantially alters the pace of a
reaction yet is not consumed in the process. Positive catalysts are those that stimulate
speedier processes. Positive catalysts are commonly employed in contemporary
engineering.