SUMMARY OF 8.

11 FATIGUE MANAGEMENT FOR FLIGHT TIME, FLIGHT DUTY PERIODS, DUTY

PERIODS AND REST PERIODS: COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT

8.11.1.1 APPLICABILITY

This Subpart is applicable to the flight time, flight duty periods and rest periods of crew members and
flight operations officers/flight dispatchers engaged in commercial air transport flight operations. Each
operator shall formulate rules to limit flight time, flight duty periods, duty periods and rest periods for
all its crew members. These rules shall also make provision for adequate rest periods and shall be such
as to ensure that fatigue occurring either in a flight or successive flights or accumulated over a period of
time due to these and other tasks does not endanger the safety of a flight. These rules shall be in
accordance with the regulations established by the Authority, or approved by the Authority, and
included in the operations manual. For the purpose of managing fatigue, the Operator shall establish
regulations specifying the limitations applicable to flight time, flight duty periods, duty periods and rest
periods for flight and cabin crew members. These regulations shall be based upon scientific principles
and knowledge, where available, with the aim of ensuring that the flight and cabin crew members are
performing at an adequate level of alertness.

8.11.1.2 MANAGING FATIGUE-RELATED SAFETY RISKS

Where the operator adopts prescriptive fatigue management regulations for part or all of its operations,
the Authority may approve, in exceptional circumstances, variations to these regulations on the basis of
a risk assessment provided by the operator. Approved variations shall provide a level of safety
equivalent to, or better than that achieved through the prescriptive fatigue management regulations.
The Authority shall approve an operator’s FRMS before it may take the place of any or all of the
prescriptive fatigue management regulations. An approved FRMS shall provide a level of safety
equivalent to, or better than, the prescriptive fatigue management regulations.

8.11.1.3 DUTY AND REST PERIODS: ALL CREW MEMBERS

Persons are considered to be on duty if they are performing any scheduled or unscheduled tasks on
behalf of the Operator. The minimum rest period for flight crew members and flight operations
officer/dispatcher is considered to be 8 consecutive hours, unless otherwise prescribed by the Authority.
The minimum rest period for cabin crew members shall be 9 consecutive hours, unless otherwise
prescribed by the Authority. The operator shall relieve the flight crew member, cabin crew or flight
operations officer/flight dispatcher from all duties for 24 consecutive hours during any 7 consecutive day
period. Time spent in deadhead transportation, that an operator requires of a flight crew member and
provides to transport the crew member to an airport/heliport at which he/she is to serve on a flight as a
crew member, or from an airport/heliport at which he/she was relieved from duty to return to his/her
home station, is not considered part of a rest period.
8.11.1.4 DUTY ALOFT: FLIGHT CREW MEMBERS

The Authority will consider all time spent on an aircraft as an assigned flight crew member or relief flight
crew member, whether resting or performing tasks to be duty aloft. Each operator shall provide
adequate sleeping quarters, including a berth, on the aircraft whenever a flight crew member is
scheduled to be aloft for more than 12 hours during any 24 consecutive hours.

8.11.1.5 COMPLIANCE WITH SCHEDULING REQUIREMENTS: ALL CREW MEMBERS

The Authority will consider a person in compliance with prescribed duty time requirements, if that
person exceeds applicable requirements, during an emergency or adverse situations beyond the control
of the operator.

8.11.1.6 SPECIAL FLIGHT DUTY SCHEMES: ALL CREW MEMBERS

The Authority may approve a special flight duty scheme for an operator. An operator may elect to apply
the flight crew member flight duty and rest requirements to the cabin crew members.

8.11.1.7 FLIGHT TIME, FLIGHT DUTY, DUTY AND REST PERIODS RECORDS

Each AOC holder shall maintain records for each crew member and flight operations officer/flight
dispatcher of flight time, flight duty periods, duty periods, and rest periods.

8.11.1.8 FLIGHT TIME, DUTY AND REST PERIODS: FLIGHT CREW MEMBERS

No person may schedule any flight crew member and no flight crew member may accept an assignment
as a required crew member for more than 7 flights in commercial air transportation during any period of
18 consecutive hours, whichever comes first. A flight crew member shall receive at least 24 consecutive
hours free from flight duty following 3 consecutive flight-deck duty-time periods that exceed 12
consecutive hours unless the flight crew member has received at least 24 consecutive hours free from
flight duty between each of these flight duty periods. If a flight crew member is required to deadhead
for more than 4 hours prior to beginning a duty assignment, one half of all the time spent in deadhead
transportation must be treated as duty time for the purposes of complying with duty time limitations,
unless he is given at least 10 hours of rest on the ground before being assigned to duty. For the
purposes of determining flight time and flight duty period requirements and rest periods requirements,
flights involving any combination of domestic and international flying are deemed to be international
flights.
8.11.1.9 FLIGHT CREW FLIGHT TIME, DUTY AND REST PERIODS: SCHEDULED AND NONSCHEDULED
DOMESTIC COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT OPERATIONS

This Subpart prescribes flight time, duty and rest period requirements for flight crew members on
scheduled and non-scheduled domestic commercial air transport operations.

8.11.1.9.1 FLIGHT TIME, DUTY AND REST PERIODS: FLIGHT CREW MEMBERS

No scheduled and non-scheduled domestic operator may schedule any flight crew member and no flight
crew member may accept an assignment for flight time in scheduled air transportation or in other
commercial flying if that crew member's total flight time in all commercial flying will exceed: 1,000 hours
in any calendar year; 100 hours in any calendar month; 30 hours in any 7 consecutive days; or 8 hours
between required rest periods.

8.11.1.10 FLIGHT CREW FLIGHT TIME, DUTY AND REST PERIODS: SCHEDULED AND NONSCHEDULED
INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT OPERATIONS

This Subpart prescribes flight time, duty and rest period requirements for flight crew members on
scheduled and non-scheduled international commercial air transport operations.

8.11.1.10.1 FLIGHT TIME, DUTY AND REST PERIODS: AIRCRAFT TYPE CERTIFICATED FOR TWO PILOTS

A flight crew member may be scheduled to fly in an aircraft that has a crew of two pilots for 8 hours or
less during any 24 consecutive hours without a rest period during these 8 hours. A flight crew member
shall be given a rest period at the end of the scheduled hours of flight duty. This rest period must be
twice the number of hours flown since the preceding rest period or 8 hours, whichever is greater. The
operator shall relieve that flight crew member of all duty with it during that rest period.

8.11.1.10.2 FLIGHT TIME, DUTY AND REST PERIODS: AIRCRAFT TYPE CERTIFICATED FOR TWO PILOTS
AND ONE OTHER FLIGHT CREW MEMBER

A rest period of twice the number of hours flown since the last rest period or 12 hours, whichever is
greater, shall be scheduled following any flight segment. If a flight crew member has flown 20 or more
hours during any 48 consecutive hours or 24 or more hours during any 72 consecutive hours, he must be
given at least 18 hours of rest before being assigned to any duty with the operator.

8.11.1.10.3 FLIGHT TIME, DUTY AND REST PERIODS: AUGMENTED CREW MEMBERS

A rest period of at least 24 hours shall be scheduled for flight crew members following a flight requiring
an augmented crew. Notwithstanding Subpart 8.11.1.8 (h), no flight crew member may commence a
flight duty assignment unless the flight crew member has been given 12 consecutive hours of
undisturbed rest following a flight requiring an augmented crew.
8.11.1.10.4 FLIGHT TIME, DUTY AND REST PERIODS: PILOTS NOT REGULARLY ASSIGNED

The monthly flight time requirements for a pilot who is scheduled for duty aloft for more than 20 hours
in two-pilot crew members in any calendar month, whose assignment in such a crew is interrupted more
than once in that month by assignment to an augmented crew, are those set forth in Subpart
8.11.1.10.1 except sub-paragraph (a)(1). The 90 day flight time requirements, for a pilot to whom
paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section do not apply and who is scheduled for duty aloft for a total of not
more than 20 hours within any calendar month in two-pilot crew members (with or without additional
pilots), are those set forth in Subpart 8.11.1.10.3. The monthly and quarterly flight time requirements
for a pilot assigned to each of twopilot, three-pilot, and four pilot or more crew members in a given
calendar month, and who is not subject to paragraph (b), (c), or (d) of this section, are those set forth in
Subpart 8.11.1.10.2.

8.11.1.10.5 FLIGHT TIME, DUTY AND REST PERIODS: OTHER COMMERCIAL FLYING

No pilot that is employed as a pilot by a scheduled or non-scheduled international operator may do any
other commercial flying if that commercial flying plus his flying in air transportation will exceed any flight
time requirements in this Subpart.

8.11.1.11 FLIGHT OPERATIONS OFFICER/FLIGHT DISPATCHERS DUTY TIME AND REST PERIODS
REQUIREMENTS: SCHEDULED INTERNATIONAL AND SCHEDULED DOMESTIC OPERATORS

Each scheduled international and scheduled domestic operator shall establish the daily duty period for a
flight operations officer/flight dispatcher so that it begins at a time that allows him to become
thoroughly familiar with existing and anticipated weather conditions along the route before he/she
dispatches any aircraft. He/she shall remain on duty until each aircraft dispatched by him/her has
completed its flight, or has gone beyond his jurisdiction, or until he/she is relieved by another qualified
flight operations officer/flight dispatcher.

8.11.1.12 CABIN CREW DUTY TIME AND REST PERIODS REQUIREMENTS: SCHEDULED AND NON-
SCHEDULED INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC OPERATORS

An operator conducting domestic or international operations may assign a cabin crew member to a
scheduled duty period of more than 14 hours, but no more than 16 hours, if the certificate holder has
assigned to the flight or flights in that duty period at least one cabin crew member in addition to the
minimum cabin crew member complement required for the flight or flights in that duty period under the
operator's operations specifications. An operator conducting international operations may assign a cabin
crew member to a scheduled duty period of more than 18 hours, but no more than 22 hours, if the
scheduled duty period includes one or more international flights and if the operator has assigned to the
flight or flights in that duty period at least three cabin crew members in addition to the minimum cabin
crew member complement required for the flight or flights in that duty period under the operator's
operations specifications and flight relief facility bunks are on board the aircraft.
SUMMARY OF 8.12 FLIGHT RELEASE: COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT

8.12.1.1 APPLICABILITY

This Subpart is applicable to an operator and the person designated by the operator to issue a flight
release.

8.12.1.2 QUALIFIED PERSONS REQUIRED FOR OPERATIONAL CONTROL FUNCTIONS

An operator or a designated representative shall have responsibility for operational control.

Responsibility for operational control shall be delegated by an operator only to the PIC and to a flight
operations officer/flight dispatcher, if the operator’s approved method of control and supervision of
flight operations requires the use of flight operations officer/flight dispatcher personnel. For passenger-
carrying flights conducted on a published schedule, a licensed and qualified flight operations officer or
equivalently qualified person shall be on-duty at an operations base to perform the operational control
functions. For all other flights, Director of Operations and PIC are the qualified person exercising
operational control responsibilities, and shall be available for consultation prior to, during and
immediately following the flight operation.

8.12.1.3 FUNCTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH OPERATIONAL CONTROL

The person exercising responsibility for operational control for an operator shall- Authorize the specific
flight operation; Ensure that only those operations authorized by the AOC operations specifications are
conducted; Ensure that an airworthy aircraft properly equipped for the flight is available; Specify the
conditions under which a flight may be dispatched or released (weather minimums, flight planning,
aircraft loading, and fuel requirements; Ensure that qualified personnel and adequate facilities are
available to support and conduct the flight; Ensure that crew members are in compliance with the flight
and duty time requirements when departing on a flight.

8.12.1.4 OPERATIONAL CONTROL DUTIES

In the event of an emergency, flight operations officer/flight dispatcher shall: Initiate the applicable
procedures contained in the operator's operations manual while avoiding taking any action that would
conflict with the ATC procedures; and Convey safety related information to the PIC that may be
necessary for the safe conduct of the flight, including information related to any amendment to the
flight plan that becomes necessary in the course of the flight. If an emergency situation which endangers
the safety of the aircraft or persons becomes first known to the flight operations officer/flight
dispatcher, action by that person in accordance with above shall include, where necessary, notification
to the appropriate authorities of the nature of the situation without delay, and request for assistance if
required.
8.12.1.5 CONTENTS OF A FLIGHT RELEASE/OPERATIONAL FLIGHT PLAN

The flight release/operational flight plan must contain at least the following information concerning
each flight: Company or organization name. Make, model, and registration number of the aircraft being
used. Flight or trip number, and date of flight. Name of each flight crew member, cabin crew member,
and PIC.

8.12.1.6 FLIGHT RELEASE: AIRCRAFT REQUIREMENTS

No person may issue a flight release for a commercial air transport operation unless the aircraft is
airworthy and properly equipped for the intended flight operation. No person may issue a flight release
for a commercial air transport operation using an aircraft with inoperative instruments and equipment
installed, except as specified in the MEL approved for the operator for that type aircraft.

8.12.1.7 FLIGHT RELEASE: FACILITIES AND NOTAMs

No person may release an aircraft over any route or route segment unless there are adequate
communications and navigational facilities in satisfactory operating condition as necessary to conduct
the flight safely. The flight operations officer shall ensure that the PIC is provided all available current
reports or information on airport conditions and irregularities of navigation facilities that may affect the
safety of the flight.

8.12.1.8 FLIGHT RELEASE: WEATHER REPORTS AND FORECASTS

No person may release a flight unless he or she is thoroughly familiar with reported and forecast
weather conditions on the route to be flown. No person may release a flight unless he or she has
communicated all information and reservations they may have regarding weather reports and forecasts
to the PIC.

8.12.1.9 FLIGHT RELEASE IN ICING CONDITIONS

No person may release an aircraft any time conditions are such that frost, ice or snow may reasonably
be expected to adhere to the aircraft, unless there is the available to the PIC at the airport/heliport of
departure adequate facilities and equipment to accomplish the procedures approved for the operator
by the Authority for ground deicing and anti-icing; and the aircraft has been inspected for icing and, if
necessary, has been given appropriate de-icing/anti-icing treatment; and Accumulation of ice or other
naturally occurring contaminants shall be removed so that the aircraft is kept in an airworthy condition
prior to take-off.

8.12.1.10 FLIGHT RELEASE UNDER VFR OR IFR

No person may release a flight under VFR or IFR unless the weather reports and forecasts indicated that
the flight can reasonably be expected to be completed as specified in the release.
8.12.1.11 FLIGHT RELEASE: MINIMUM FUEL SUPPLY

No person may issue a flight release for a commercial air transport operation unless the fuel supply
specified in the release is equivalent to or greater than the minimum flight planning requirements of this
Part, including anticipated contingencies.

8.12.1.12 FLIGHT RELEASE: AIRCRAFT LOADING AND PERFORMANCE

No person may issue a flight release unless he or she is familiar with the anticipated loading of the
aircraft and is reasonably certain that the proposed operation will not exceed the Centre of gravity
limits: Aircraft operating limitations; and Minimum performance requirements.

8.12.1.13 FLIGHT RELEASE: AMENDMENT OR RE-RELEASE EN ROUTE

No person may amend the original flight release to change the destination or alternate airport while the
aircraft is en route unless the flight preparation requirements for routing, airport selection and
minimum fuel supply are met at the time of amendment or re-release. No person may allow a flight to
continue to an airport to which it has been released if the weather reports and forecasts indicate
changes which would render that airport unsuitable for the original flight release.

8.12.1.14 FLIGHT RELEASE WITH AIRBORNE WEATHER RADAR EQUIPMENT

No person may release a large aircraft carrying passengers under IFR or night VFR conditions when
current weather reports indicate that thunderstorms, or other potentially hazardous weather conditions
that can be detected with airborne weather radar, may reasonably be expected along the route to be
flown, unless the airborne weather radar equipment is in satisfactory operating condition.