AoPS Community 2009 China Team Selection Test

China Team Selection Test 2009

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4965
by Fang-jh, math10

– TST

1 Let ABC be a triangle. Point D lies on its sideline BC such that ∠CAD = ∠CBA. Circle (O)
passing through B, D intersects AB, AD at E, F , respectively. BF meets DE at G.Denote
byM the midpoint of AG. Show that CM ⊥ AO.

2 Given an integer n ≥ 2, find the maximal constant λ(n) having the following property: if a
sequence of real numbers a0 , a1 , a2 , · · · , an P satisfies 0 = a0 P ≤ a1 ≤ a2 ≤ · · · ≤ an , and
ai ≥ 12 (ai+1 + ai−1 ), i = 1, 2, · · · , n − 1, then ( ni=1 iai )2 ≥ λ(n) ni=1 a2i .

3 Prove that for any odd prime number p, the number of positive integer n satisfying p|n! + 1 is
2
less than or equal to cp 3 . where c is a constant independent of p.

4 Let positive real numbers a, b satisfy b − a > 2. Prove that for any two distinct integers m, n be-
longing to [a, b), there always exists
Y non-empty set S consisting of certain integers belonging

x∈S
to [ab, (a + 1)(b + 1)) such that mn is square of a rational number.

5 Let m > 1 be an integer, n is an odd number satisfying 3 ≤ n < 2m, number ai,j (i, j ∈ N, 1 ≤
i ≤ m, 1 ≤ j ≤ n) satisfies (1) for any 1 ≤ j ≤ n, a1,j , a2,j , · · · , am,j is a permutation of
1, 2, 3, · · · , m; (2) for any 1 < i ≤ m,
P1n ≤ j ≤ n − 1, |ai,j − ai,j+1 | ≤ 1 holds. Find the minimal
value of M , where M = max1<i<m j=1 ai,j .

6 Determine whether there exists an arithimethical progression consisting of 40 terms and each
of whose terms can be written in the form 2m + 3n or not. where m, n are nonnegative integers.

– Quiz 1

1 Given that circle ω is tangent internally to circle Γ at S. ω touches the chord AB of Γ at T . Let
O be the center of ω. Point P lies on the line AO. Show that P B ⊥ AB if and only if P S ⊥ T S.

2 Let n, k be given positive integers satisfying k ≤ 2n−1. On a table tennis tournament 2n players
take part, they play a total of k rounds match, each round is divided into n groups, each group
two players match. The two players in different rounds can match on many occasions. Find
the greatest positive integer m = f (n, k) such that no matter how the tournament processes,
we always find m players each of pair of which didn’t match each other.

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AoPS Community 2009 China Team Selection Test

Let x1 , x2 , · · · , xm , y1 , y2 , · · · , yn be positive real numbers. Denote by X = m x, Y = nj=1 y.

P P
3 i=1
Prove that 2XY m
P Pn 2
Pn Pn 2
Pm Pm
i=1 j=1 |xi − yj | ≥ X j=1 l=1 |yi − yl | + Y i=1 k=1 |xi − xk |

– Quiz 2

1 In convex pentagon ABCDE, denote by AD ∩ BE = F, BE ∩ CA = G, CA ∩ DB = H, DB ∩

EC = I, EC ∩ AD = J; AI ∩ BE = A0 , BJ = B 0 , CF = C 0 , DG ∩ EC = D0 , EH ∩ AD = E 0 .
AB 0 CD0 EA0 BC 0 DE 0
Prove that B 0 C · D 0 E · A0 B · C 0 D · E 0 A = 1.

2 Find all the pairs of integers (a, b) satisfying ab(a − b) 6= 0 such that there exists a subset Z0
of set of integers Z, for any integer n, exactly one among three integers n, n + a, n + b belongs
to Z0 .

3 Consider function f : R → R which satisfies the conditions for any mutually distinct real num-
f (a)−f (b)
b−c + d−c = 0, f (a), f (b), f (c), f (d) are mutully different and f (b)−f (c) +
bers a, b, c, d satisfying a−b a−d

f (a)−f (d)
f (d)−f (c) = 0. Prove that function f is linear

– Quiz 3

1 Let α, β be real numbers satisfying 1 < α < β. Find the greatest positive integer r having
the following property: each of positive integers is colored by one of r colors arbitrarily, there
always exist two integers x, y having the same color such that α ≤ xy ≤ β.

2 In convex quadrilateral ABCD, CB, DA are external angle bisectors of ∠DCA, ∠CDB, respec-
tively. Points E, F lie on the rays AC, BD respectively such that CEF D is cyclic quadrilateral.
Point P lie in the plane of quadrilateral ABCD such that DA, CB are external angle bisectors
of ∠P DE, ∠P CF respectively. AD intersects BC at Q. Prove that P lies on AB if and only if
Q lies on segment EF .

3 Let f (x) be a n−degree polynomial all of whose coefficients are equal to ±1, and having x = 1
as its m multiple root. If m ≥ 2k (k ≥ 2, k ∈ N ), then n ≥ 2k+1 − 1.

– Quiz 4

1 Given that points D, E lie on the sidelines AB, BC of triangle ABC, respectively, point P is in
interior of triangle ABC such that P E = P C and 4DEP ∼ 4P CA. Prove that BP is tangent
of the circumcircle of triangle P AD.

2 Find all integers n ≥ 2 having the following property: for any k integers a1 , a2 , · · · , ak which
aren’t congruent to each other (modulo n), there exists an integer polynomial f (x) such that
congruence equation f (x) ≡ 0(modn) exactly has k roots x ≡ a1 , a2 , · · · , ak (modn).

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AoPS Community 2009 China Team Selection Test

3 Let X be a set containing 2k elements, F is a set of subsets of X consisting of certain k

elements such that any one subset of X consisting of k − 1 elements is exactly contained in
an element of F. Show that k + 1 is a prime number.

– Quiz 5
√
1 Let n be a composite. Prove that there exists positive integer m satisfying m|n, m ≤ n, and
d(n) ≤ d3 (m). Where d(k) denotes the number of positive divisors of positive integer k.

2 In acute triangle ABC, points P, Q lie on its sidelines AB, AC, respectively. The circumcircle
of triangle ABC intersects of triangle AP Q at X (different from A). Let Y be the reflection of
X in line P Q. Given P X > P B. Prove that S4XP Q > S4Y BC . Where S4XY Z denotes the area
of triangle XY Z.

P4 q 2
3 Let nonnegative real numbers a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 satisfy a1 +a2 +a3 +a4 = 1. Prove that max{ 1 ai + ai ai−1 + a
2.
Where for all integers i, ai+4 = ai holds.

– Quiz 6

3n
1 Let a > b > 1, b is an odd number, let n be a positive integer. If bn |an − 1, then ab > n .

2 Find all complex polynomial P (x) such that for any three integers a, b, c satisfying a + b + c 6=
0, P (a)+P (b)+P (c)
a+b+c is an integer.

3 Let (an )n≥1 be a sequence of positive integers satisfying (am , an ) = a(m,n) (for all m, n ∈ N + ).
µ( n )
Prove that for any n ∈ N + , d|n ad d is an integer. where d|n denotes d take all positive divi-
Q

sors of n. Function µ(n) is defined as follows: if n can be divided by square of certain prime
number, then µ(1) = 1; µ(n) = 0; if n can be expressed as product of k different prime numbers,
then µ(n) = (−1)k .

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