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Formula Sheet: Basic Trigonometric Identities

This document contains a formula sheet with trigonometric identities, formulas for trigonometric functions of allied angles, formulas for the sum and difference of trigonometric functions, formulas for multiple angles, and the domain and range of basic trigonometric functions. It provides trigonometric formulas and relationships for manipulating trigonometric expressions and evaluating trigonometric functions.

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chetan temkar
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
111 views

Formula Sheet: Basic Trigonometric Identities

This document contains a formula sheet with trigonometric identities, formulas for trigonometric functions of allied angles, formulas for the sum and difference of trigonometric functions, formulas for multiple angles, and the domain and range of basic trigonometric functions. It provides trigonometric formulas and relationships for manipulating trigonometric expressions and evaluating trigonometric functions.

Uploaded by

chetan temkar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Formula Sheet

Basic trigonometric identities:


(1) sin ⁡θ ⋅cosec ⁡θ=1
(2) cos ⁡θ ⋅ sec ⁡θ=1
(3) tan ⁡θ⋅ cot ⁡θ=1
sin ⁡θ cos ⁡θ
(4) tan ⁡θ= and cot ⁡θ=
cos ⁡θ sin ⁡θ
(5) sin2 ⁡θ+cos 2 ⁡θ=1 or sin 2 ⁡θ=1−cos 2 ⁡θ or cos 2 ⁡θ=1−sin2 ⁡θ
(6) sec 2 ⁡θ−tan 2 ⁡θ=1 or sec 2 ⁡θ=1+ tan 2 ⁡θ or tan 2 ⁡θ=sec 2 ⁡θ−1
1
(7) sec ⁡θ +tan ⁡θ=
sec ⁡θ−tan ⁡θ
(8) cosec 2 ⁡θ−cot 2 ⁡θ=1 or cosec 2 ⁡θ=1+ cot2 ⁡θ or cot 2 ⁡θ=cosec 2 ⁡θ−1
1
(9) cosec ⁡θ+ cot ⁡θ=
cosec ⁡θ−cot ⁡θ

Trigonometric functions of allied angles


(a) sin ⁡(2 nπ+ θ)=sin ⁡θ , cos ⁡(2 nπ +θ)=cos ⁡θ, where n ∈ I
(b) sin ⁡(−θ)=−sin ⁡θ cos ⁡(−θ)=cos ⁡θ

sin ⁡( 90∘−θ ) =cos ⁡θ cos ⁡( 90∘−θ )=sin ⁡θsin ⁡( 90∘+θ )=−cos ⁡θ cos ⁡( 90∘+ θ )=−sin ⁡θ

sin ⁡( 180∘−θ )=sin ⁡θ cos ⁡( 180∘−θ )=−cos ⁡θsin ⁡( 180∘ +θ ) =−sin ⁡θ cos ⁡( 180∘+ θ )=−cos ⁡θ

sin ⁡( 270 −θ )=−cos ⁡θ cos ⁡( 270 −θ ) =−sin ⁡θsin ⁡( 270 +θ )=−cos ⁡θ cos ⁡( 270 +θ ) =sin ⁡θ
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘

sin ⁡( 360 −θ )=−sin ⁡θ cos ⁡( 360 −θ )=cos ⁡θsin ⁡( 360 +θ )=sin ⁡θ cos ⁡( 360 + θ )=cos ⁡θ
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘

Trigonometric ratios of the sum & difference of two angles:


(i) sin ⁡(A + B)=sin ⁡A cos ⁡B+cos ⁡A sin ⁡B .
(ii) sin ⁡(A−B)=sin ⁡A cos ⁡B−cos ⁡A sin ⁡B .
(iii) cos ⁡( A+ B)=cos ⁡A cos ⁡B−sin ⁡A sin ⁡B
(iv) cos ⁡( A−B)=cos ⁡A cos ⁡B+sin ⁡A sin ⁡B
tan ⁡A+ tan ⁡B
(v) tan ⁡( A+ B)=
1−tan ⁡A tan ⁡B
tan ⁡A−tan ⁡B
(vi) tan ⁡( A−B)=
1+ tan ⁡A tan ⁡B
cot ⁡Bcot ⁡A−1
(vii) cot ⁡(A + B)=
cot ⁡B+ cot ⁡A
cot ⁡Bcot ⁡A+1
(viii) cot ⁡( A−B)=
cot ⁡B−cot ⁡A
Some more results:
(i) sin 2 ⁡A−sin 2 ⁡B=sin ⁡( A +B)⋅ sin ⁡( A−B)=cos 2 ⁡B−cos2 ⁡A .

(ii) cos 2 ⁡ A−sin2 ⁡ B=cos ⁡( A+ B). cos ⁡( A−B).

Formulae to transform the product into sum or difference:


(i) 2 sin ⁡A cos ⁡B=sin ⁡( A+ B)+sin ⁡( A−B).
(ii) 2 cos ⁡A sin ⁡B=sin ⁡( A+ B)−sin ⁡(A−B).
(iii) 2 cos ⁡A cos ⁡B=cos ⁡( A + B)+ cos ⁡( A−B)
(iv) 2 sin ⁡A sin ⁡B=cos ⁡( A−B)−cos ⁡( A +B)

Formulae to transform sum or difference into product:

( C +2 D ) cos ⁡( C−D
(i) sin ⁡C +sin ⁡D=2 sin ⁡
2 )

(ii) sin ⁡C−sin ⁡D=2 cos ⁡( ) sin ⁡(


2 )
C+ D C−D
2

(iii) cos ⁡C +cos ⁡D=2 cos ⁡(


2 )
cos ⁡(
2 )
C +D C−D

(iv) cos ⁡C−cos ⁡D=2sin ⁡( ) sin ⁡(


2 )
C +D D−C
2

Trigonometric ratios of multiple angles:


(a) Trigonometrical ratios of an angle 2 θ in terms of the angle θ :
2 tan ⁡θ
(i) sin ⁡2 θ=2sin ⁡θ cos ⁡θ= 2
1+ tan ⁡θ
2
2 2 2 2 1−tan ⁡θ
(ii) cos ⁡2θ=cos ⁡θ−sin ⁡θ=2cos ⁡θ−1=1−2 sin ⁡θ= 2
1+ tan ⁡θ
(iii) 1+cos ⁡2θ=2 cos2 ⁡θ
(iv) 1−cos ⁡2θ=2 sin2 ⁡θ
1−cos ⁡2θ sin ⁡2 θ
(v) tan ⁡θ= =
sin ⁡2θ 1+cos ⁡2θ
2 tan ⁡θ
(vi) tan ⁡2θ= 2
1−tan ⁡θ

(b) Trigonometrical ratios of an angle 3 θ in terms of the angle θ :


(i) sin ⁡3 θ=3 sin ⁡θ−4 sin 3 ⁡θ .
(ii) cos ⁡3θ=4 cos3 ⁡θ−3 cos ⁡θ .

3 tan ⁡θ−tan 3 ⁡θ
(iii) tan ⁡3θ= 2
1−3 tan ⁡θ

(c) Trigonometrical ratios of sub multiple angle θ :


θ
2 tan
θ θ 2
(i) sin θ=2sin cos =
2 2 θ
1+ tan 2
2
θ
1−tan2 ⁡
2θ 2θ 2θ 2 θ 2
(ii) cos θ=cos −sin =2cos −1=1−2 sin ⁡ =
2 2 2 2 θ
1+ tan 2 ⁡
2
2 θ 2 θ
(iii) 1+cos ⁡θ=2 cos ⁡ (iv) 1−cos ⁡θ=2sin ⁡
2 2
θ
2 tan ⁡
θ 1−cos ⁡θ sin ⁡θ 2
(v) tan ⁡ = = (vi) tan ⁡θ=
2 sin ⁡θ 1+ cos ⁡θ θ
1−tan 2 ⁡
2

T-Ratio Domain Range Period

sin ⁡x R [−1,1] 2π
cos ⁡x R [−1,1] 2π
tan ⁡x R−{( 2n+1) π /2 ;n ∈ I } R π
cot ⁡x R−{nπ : n ∈ I } R π
sec ⁡x R−{( 2n+1) π /2 :n ∈ I } ¿∪¿ 2π
cosec ⁡x R−{nπ :n ∈ I } ¿∪¿ 2π

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