Cambridge University Press

978-0-521-12814-8 – Needs Analysis for Language Course Design

Marjatta Huhta Karin Vogt Esko Johnson and Heikki Tulkki Edited by David R. Hall
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Needs Analysis for

Language Course Design
A holistic approach to ESP

Marjatta Huhta, Karin Vogt,

Esko Johnson and Heikki Tulkki

edited and with an introduction

by David R Hall

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Cambridge University Press
978-0-521-12814-8 – Needs Analysis for Language Course Design
Marjatta Huhta Karin Vogt Esko Johnson and Heikki Tulkki Edited by David R. Hall
Frontmatter
More information

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

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Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Mexico City

Cambridge University Press

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Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521128148

© Cambridge University Press 2013

It is normally necessary for written permission for copying to be

obtained in advance from a publisher. The sample profi les, templates, worksheets,
forms and role play cards in this book are designed to be copied and distributed in class.
The normal requirements are waived here and it is not necessary to write to
Cambridge University Press for permission for an individual teacher to make
copies for use within his or her own classroom. Only those pages which carry
the wording ‘© Cambridge University Press’ may be copied.

First published 2013

Printed and bound in the United Kingdom by the MPG Books Group

A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data

Huhta, Marjatta.
Needs analysis for language course design : a holistic approach to ESP /
Marjatta Huhta, Karin Vogt, Esko Johnson, and Heikki Tulkki ; edited and
with an introduction by David R Hall.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-521-12814-8 (pbk.)
1. English language–Study and teaching (Higher)–Foreign speakers. 2. English language–
Business English–Study and teaching. 3. English language–Technical English–Study and
teaching. I. Vogt, Karin. II. Johnson, Esko. III. Tulkki, Heikki. IV. Hall, David R.
(David Robert), 1947- V. Title.

PE1128.A2H88 2013
428.0071’1–dc23 2012040141

ISBN 978-0-521-12814-8 Paperback

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or

accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in
this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is,
or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, travel
timetables and other factual information given in this work is correct at
the time of fi rst printing but Cambridge University Press does not guarantee
the accuracy of such information thereafter.

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Cambridge University Press
978-0-521-12814-8 – Needs Analysis for Language Course Design
Marjatta Huhta Karin Vogt Esko Johnson and Heikki Tulkki Edited by David R. Hall
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Contents

Thanks and acknowledgements IV

Contributors V

Introduction 1
1 Needs analysis and the CEF Professional Profiles in ESP 9
2 From teaching Language for Specific Purposes to teaching Language and
Communication for Professional Purposes 33
3 Sample profile and its application: mechanical engineers 53
4 From profiles to course activities: mechanical engineers 83
5 Creating your own CEF Professional Profile 180
Glossary 196
Appendix A: Template of a CEF Professional Profile 202
Appendix B: Guiding questions for profiles 205
Appendix C: Sample profiles 207
References 254
Index 262

iii

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978-0-521-12814-8 – Needs Analysis for Language Course Design
Marjatta Huhta Karin Vogt Esko Johnson and Heikki Tulkki Edited by David R. Hall
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Thanks and acknowledgements

The author team would like to acknowledge several people who have helped us in creating
the book, and also institutions that facilitated completing the title. We are grateful to our
CEF Professional Profiles Project members who contributed to the project besides the author
team: Rafal Glowacz, Anne Hannila, Leena Hämäläinen, Dr Cor Koster, Riitta Purokuru,
Dr Zsofia Radnai, Hannu Ryynänen, Ivan Shotlekov and Penka Taneva. More information on
the CEF Professional project (2005–7) is available in the CEF Professional Website Handbook
at www.proflang.org.
Warm thanks go to Metropolia University of Applied Sciences students who trialled the
simulations and activities and thus impacted on their quality.
This book would not have been feasible without the experts in numerous companies,
hospitals, consultancies and universities who kindly gave their precious time for interviews
and document checking.
We are also grateful to David R Hall, who devoted much time to improving the draft
manuscript and who provided an introduction that clearly shows his expertise and knowl-
edgeability.
We acknowledge that some of the activities in this book were derived from simula-
tions published earlier in Connections – Communication Guidelines for Engineers by Marjatta
Huhta.

iv

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Marjatta Huhta Karin Vogt Esko Johnson and Heikki Tulkki Edited by David R. Hall
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Contributors

Authors
Marjatta Huhta, Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Finland

Marjatta Huhta coordinates the Master’s Programme in Industrial Management and Services
Business. She has researched work communication and published research reports on lan-
guage and communication needs in business. She has taught professional communication
and published coursebooks and material for business and technical communication (e.g.
Connections: Communication Guidelines for Engineers, 2007). She has also designed and
implemented corporate language training as Head of Language Department (Fintra).

Esko Johnson, Centria University of Applied Sciences, Finland

Esko Johnson has taught ESP technology since 1984. His research interests include teacher/
professional growth and development, intercultural communication and learning, online
teaching and learning, foreign language literacy and language programme evaluation.

Heikki Tulkki, Helsinki Adult Education Centre, Finland

Heikki Tulkki currently works as the Head of Languages at the Finnish Adult Education
Centre in Helsinki. He has a teaching background in English, Swedish and German, both in
secondary vocational education and in higher education. He has co-authored a number of
textbooks on English, Swedish, German, intercultural communication and social sciences for
course use in secondary vocational and tertiary education, as well as self-study. In addition,
he has coordinated both national and international language and business projects.

Karin Vogt, University of Education Heidelberg, Germany

Karin Vogt has previously worked as a professor in the English department at the University
of Education, Karlsruhe, Germany. She is a fully trained teacher with several years of teach-
ing experience at different schools. Her research interests include Vocationally Oriented
Language Learning (VOLL), intercultural communication and intercultural learning, and
classroom-based testing and assessment. She has also published in these areas; her latest
publication is a book on adapting descriptors of the CEFR for VOLL/ESP (Fremdsprachliche
Kompetenzprofile, 2011).

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vi Contributors

Editor
David R Hall, Macquarie University, Australia

David Hall is Associate Dean International in the Faculty of Human Sciences at Macquarie
University, Australia, following four years as Associate Dean for Higher Degree Research. He
was Coordinator of International Relations for the Division of Linguistics and Psychology
from 2006 to 2008, and was the elected Head of the Department of Linguistics from 2000 to
2005. He has taught curriculum innovation, management, and language for special purposes
at masters level, and units on curriculum, leadership and linguistics research at doctoral level.
He has also been a consultant for international aid agencies, educational bodies and state
government departments. He is joint general editor, with Chris Candlin, of two international
book series on Applied Linguistics. He has published widely on distance learning in language
teacher education. He is also the co-author (with Sandra Kies) of a forthcoming book on
Language for Specific Purposes (Palgrave).

CEF Professional Profiles Project needs analysts whose communication profiles are
included in the appendices:
Bożena Górska-Pore˛cka, Warsaw University, Poland
Bożena Górska-Pore˛cka is a university teacher of English for general, academic, business
and legal purposes. She has also taught courses in public speaking at Ball States University,
Muncie, USA.

Katja Hämäläinen, Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Finland

Katja Hämäläinen is involved in testing new teaching methods and learning activities in
practice as well as developing ways of teaching and testing the oral language skills of the
L2 learners.

Mirja Järvinen, Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Finland

Mirja Järvinen has taught Swedish and English languages for healthcare students since 1989.
In addition, she has also written many textbooks and materials in Swedish and English,
including network-based language learning and testing.

Vanya Ivanova, University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Vanya Ivanova works as an assistant professor of English at the Faculty of Mathematics and
Computer Science at Plovdiv University, Bulgaria, teaching General English and ESP, with
over fifteen years of experience in the tertiary education sector. Her professional interests
include intercultural studies, testing, translation theory and practice. She is an author of
books with language testing in practice, and a co-author in a number of comparative studies of
idioms across different languages (English, French, Russian and Bulgarian).

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