Introduction :

A code is “a system of signals”. Coding is , therefore, a method of

transmitting a message between sender and receiver
which cannot be understood or comprehended by a third person.
The coding and decoding test is set up to judge the candidate’s ability to decipher
a particular word/message and break the code to decipher the message.
(i) Coding : A particular code or pattern is used to express a word or to express it in
different word or in different form.
The coded word itself does not make any sense unless we know the code, i.e.
unless we use pattern or code that has been followed.
(ii) Decoding : Decoding refers to the, process of arriving at an
equivalent word from the code wrod given. In the questions, a
particular code is given and on the basis of this given code, we have
to find out how to code other words. The correct code for the given word
has to be selected from the answer choices on the basis of the code
given in the question.
TYPE - 1 : LETTER CODING
In these questions, the letters in a word are replaced by certain other
letters according to a specific rule to form its
code. The candidate is required to detect the coding pattern/rule and
answer the questions accordingly.
Case I. To form the code for another word (CODING)
Example : 1
In a certain code, TEACHER is written as VGCEJGT. How is CHILDREN
written in that code ?
(A) EJKNEGTP (B) EGKNEITP (C) EJKNFGTO (D) EJKNFTGP
Sol : Clearly, each letter in the word TEACHER is move two steps forward
to obtain the corresponding letter of the
code.
2222222
TEACHER
VGCEJGT
Similarly, we have:
22222222
CHILDREN
EJKNFTGP
TYPE - 2 : DIRECT LETTER CODING
What we have studied till now was rule-coding in which letters were
assigned codes according to a set pattern or rule concerning the
movement
or reordering of letters and one needs to detect this hidden rule to decode
a message.
But, somtimes, particular letters are made codes for particular letters
without there being any set pattern. For example, let us consider a
language in which A is coded as W, C as P, E as T, L as Z, S as B and T as
K. Then, the code for CASTLE in that language is PWBKZT.
Such type of coding is called direct-coding.
In direct-coding, the code letters occur in the same sequence as the
corresponding letters occur in the words.
In questions on direct-coding, either the particular codes of letters are
given or
the codes of two or more words are given and one is asked to find the
codes of given words involving only those letters for which the codes have
already been mentioned.
Example : 2
If in a certain code, O is written as E, A as C, M as I, S as O, N as P, E as M,
I as A, P as N and C as S, then how will COMPANIES be written in that code
?
(A) SMINCPAMO (B) SEIACPAMO (C) SEINCPAMO
(D) SEINCPMIO (E) None of these
Sol. Substituting the letters of the given word with their respective codes,
we have:
SEINCPAMO
COMPANIES
Hence, the answer is (C)
TYPE - 3 : NUMBER/SYMBOL CODING
In these questions, either numerical code values are assigned to a word
or alphabetical code letters are assigned to the numbers. The candidate is
required
to analyse the code as per the questions.
Clearly, letters and numbers are correlated to each other in no other way
except in relation to the position of the letters in the English alphabet. So,
either this relation holds or the coding has to be done as per a set of given
rules. In all other cases, the question is one of direct-coding.
Case I. When numerical / symbol codes are assigned to words.
Example : 3
If MACHINE is coded as 19 - 7 - 9 - 14 - 15 - 20 - 11, how will you code
DANGER ?
(A) 11-7-20-16-11-24 (B) 13-7-20-9-11-25
(C) 10-7-20-13-11-24 (D) 13-7-20-10-11-25

Sol. Clearly, every letter is assigned a numerical code obtained by adding

6 to the numeral denoting the position
of that letter in the English alphabet.
Thus, A is coded as (1 + 6) i.e. 7, B as (2 + 6) i.e. C as (3 + 6) i.e. 9, ......,
M as (13 + 6) i.e. 19,...... Z as (26 + 6)
i.e. 32.
Since, D, A, N, G, E, R are 4th, 1st, 14th, 7th, 5th and 18th letters in the
English alphabet, so their respective
codes are (4 + 6), (1 + 6), (14 + 6), (7 + 6), (5 + 6), (5 + 6), (18 + 6) i.e.
10, 7, 20, 13, 11, 24. So the code for DANGER
is 10 - 7 - 20 - 13 - 11 - 24.
Hence, the answer is (C).
TYPE - 4 : SUBSTITUTION
In this type of questions, some particular words are assigned certain
substituted names. Then a question is asked that is to be answered in the
substituted code language.
Example : 4
If ‘cook’ is called ‘butler’, ‘butler’ is called ‘manager’, ‘manager’ is called
‘teacher’, ‘teacher’ is called ‘clerk’ is called
‘principal’, who will teach in a class ?
(A) Cook (B) Butler (C) Manager
(D) Teacher (E) Clerk
Sol. Clearly, a ‘teacher’ teaches in a class and as given, ‘teacher’ is called
‘clerk’. So, a ‘clerk’ will teach in the
class. Hence, the answer is (E).
TYPE - 5 : DECIPHERING MESSAGE WORD CODES
In this type of questions, some messages are given in the coded language
and the code for a particular word or message is asked. To analyse such
codes,
any two messages bearing a common word are picked up. The common
code-word will thus represent that word. Proceeding similarly by picking up
all
possible combinations of two, the entire message can be decoded and the
codes for individual words found.
Example : 5
In a certain language, ‘sun shines brightly’ is written as ‘ba lo sul’, ‘house
are brightly lit’ as ‘kado ula ari ba’ and ‘light comes from sun’ as ‘dopi kup
lo nro’. What code-words are written for ‘sun’ and ‘brightly’?
(A) ba, sul (B) sul, lo (C) lo, ba (D) ba, lo
Sol. In the first and third statements, the common word is ‘sun’ and the
common code-word is ‘lo’. So, ‘lo’ is the code for ‘sun’.In the first second
statements, the common word is ‘brightly’ and the common code-word is
‘ba’. So, ‘ba’ is the code for ‘brightly.
TYPE - 6: DECIPHERING NUMBR AND SYMBOL CODES FOR MESSAGES
In this type of questions, a few groups of numbers/symbols, each coding a
certain message, are given. Through a comparison of the given coded
messages,
taking two at a time, the candidate is required to find the number/symbol
code for
each word and then formulate the code for the given message.
Example : 6
In a certain code language, ‘123’ means ‘bright little boy’, ‘145’ means
‘tall big boy’ and ‘637’ means ‘beautiful little flower’. Which digit in that
language means ‘bright’ ?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
Sol. In the first and second statements, the common code digit is ‘1’ and
the common word is ‘boy’. So, ‘1’ means ‘boy’. In the first and third
statements, the common code digit is ‘3’ and the common word is ‘little’.
So, ‘3’ means ‘little’. Thus, in the first statement, ‘2’ means ‘bright’.Hence,
the answer is (B)
In a certain code language COMPUTER is written as RFUVQNPC. How will MEDICINE

be written in that code language?

A) MFEDJJOE B) EOJDEJFM

C) MFEJDJOE D) EOJDJEFM
In a certain code language,

'134' means 'good and tasty';

'478' means 'see good pictures'

and '729' means 'pictures are

faint'.

Which of the following digits

stands for 'see'?

A) 9 B) 2

C) 1 D) 8
If Z = 52 and ACT = 48, then BAT will be equal to

A) 39 B) 41

C) 44 D) 46
If ROSE is coded as 6821, CHAIR is coded as 73456 and PREACH is coded as 961473,
what will be the code for SEARCH ?

A) 246173 B) 214673

C) 214763 D) 216473
In a certain code language,

(A) ‘pit na som’ means ‘bring me water’

(B) ‘na jo tod’ means ‘water is life’

(C) ‘tub od pit’ means 'give me toy’

(D) ‘jo lin kot’ means ‘life and death’

Which of the following represents 'is' in that language ?

A) jo B) na

C) tod D) lin
If FRIEND is coded as HUMJTK, how is CANDLE written in that code ?

A) EDRIRL B) DCQHQK

C) ESJFME D) DEQJQM
In a certain code, MONKEY is written as XDJMNL. How is TIGER written in that code
?

A) SHFDQ B) HFDSQ

C) RSAFD D) QDFHS
If Z= 2197 and R= 729. How would J be written in that code?

A) 216 B) 124

C) 512 D) 125
(A) '134' means 'you are well';

(B) '758' means 'they go home';

(C) '839' means 'we are home';

Which of the statements can be dispensed with while answering the above
question?

A) A only B) B only

C) A or C D) B or C only
only
In a certain code language,

(A) ‘pit dar na’ means ‘you are good’

(B) ‘dar tok pa’ means ‘good and bad’

(C) ‘tim na tok’ means 'they are bad’

In that language, which word stands for 'they' ?

A) na B) tok

C) tim D) pit
Coding-Decoding

If Pour is wrtten as 4156

Sware is written as 78269

Clear is written as

3@926

Then what is the code

for PEARL= ?

A) 429@6 B)
4962@

C) 4692@ D)
4926@
If air is called green , green is called blue, blue is called sky, sky is
called yellow,yellow is called water and water is called pink, then what
is the color of clear sky ?

A) Blue B) Sky

C) Yellow D) Water
In a certain code language

" given time simple plan " is written as ' @E4 &N4 %N5 #E6 '

" tired solution plant great " is written as ' #N8 @D5 %T5 &T5

' " sick point good turn " is written as ' #K4 %D4 @N4 &T5 '

" garden sister phone team " is written as ' &E5 #R6 %N6 @M4
'

Which of the following code is for ' plan ' and ' translate ' ?

A) @E8 and &N5 B) &N4 and @E9

C) @E1 and &N4 D) &N4 and @D7

In a certain code language, 'dom put ta' means 'bring hot food';

'put tir sop' means 'food is good' and

'tak da sop' means 'good bright boy'.

Which of the following does mean 'hot' in that language ?

A) dom B) pul
C) ta D) Can't be determined
If in a code language, COULD is written as BNTKC and MARGIN is written as

LZQFHM, how will MOULDING be written in that code ?

A) CHMFINTK B) LNKTCHMF

C) LNTKCHMF D) NITKHCMF
If HAT is coded as 'jcv' then what will GUN be coded as?

A) iwp B) IKM

C) kip D) Klp
If MADRAS can be written as NBESBT, how can BOMBAY be written in that code ?

A) CPNCBX B) CPNCBZ

C) CPOCBZ D) CQOCBZ
Acording to a military code, SYSTEM is SYSMET and NEARER is AENRER.
What is the code for FRACTION ?

A) CARFTINO B) CARFTION
C) ARFCNOIT D) CARFNOIT
In a certain coding language, iF GO = 32 & SHE = 49 then SOME will be
equal to ?

A) 56 B) 58
C) 62 D) 64
If green means red, red means yellow, yellow means blue, blue means
orange and orange means green, what is the colour of clean sky ?

A) Blue B) Green
C) Yellow D) Orange
If 'L' stands for '+' , 'M' stands for '-' , N stands for 'x' , P stands for '÷'
then

14 N 10 L 42 P 2 M 8 = ?

A) 153 B) 216
C) 248 D) 251
If E = 5 and READ is coded as 7, then what is the code of 'DEAR' ?

A) 6 B) 7
C) 8 D) 9
If train is called bus, bus is called tractor, tractor is called car, car is called
scooter, scooter is called bicycle, bicycle is called moped, which is used to
plough a field ?

A) Train B) Bus
C) Tractor D) Car
If in a certan language FASHION is coded as FOIHSAN, how is PROBLEM
codedin that code?

A) PELBORM B) PRBOELM
C) RPBOELM D) RPBOELM
In a certain code language , 'PROBLEM' is written as MPERLOB. How will
'PROBLEM' is written as MPERLOB. How will 'NUMBERS' be written in that
code?

A) SNUREMB B) SNRUBME
C) SNRUEMB D) SNRUMEB
In a certain code language STUDENT is written as TUTDNES.How will
SOURCES be writte in that code language?

A) SOURCES B) SUORECS
C) SRUOCES D) SOURSEC
In a certain code language ‘ROUTINE’ is written as 'VMRGFLI'. How will
'CRUELTY' be written in that code language ?

A) UPVCZLR B) VPCVZRL
C) CVCPZRL D) VCPCZLR
In a certain code language 'how many goals scored' is written as '5397';
'many more matches' is written as '982'; and 'he scored five' is written as
'163'. How is 'goals' written in that code language ?

A) 5 B) 7
C) 3 D) Data is not sufficient
In a certain code language CONCENTRATION is written as
QQJGZIGQGDMLX. How will NITRIFICATION be written in that code
language?

A) QQJGZXRIKSGRM B) QQJGYXRIKSGRM
C) QQJGZXRIKSGRND) QQJGZRIKSGSM
If in a certain language if ENTRY is coded as 12345 and STEADY is coded
as 931785, then state which is the correct code for below word. NEATNESS

A) 25196577 B) 21732199
C) 21362199 D) 21823698
In a certain code language, "CASIO" is written as "3119915". How is
"CITIZEN" written in that code language?

A) 295629134 B) 3192295614
C) 3912659214 D) 3920926514