BBA (II Sem.

) STAT 108

BBA (Second Semester) Examination, May, 2022

STATISTICS

Paper: STAT 108- Statistics for Management

Maximum Marks 60

Attempt five questions in all, selecting one question from each unit. All
questions carry equal marks.

UNIT I

Q 1 a) Statistically interpret the following statements:

i) The estimates of German industrial output and capacity prepared by British statistician on the basis of the serial
number of captured equipment were as good as those prepared by Germans themselves. [3]
ii) It is three times dangerous to be a pedestrian while intoxicated as to be a driver. This is shown by the fact that
last year 14,546 (assumed) intoxicated pedestrian were injured and only 5,342 (assumed) intoxicated drivers. [3]
b) i) What do you understand by data? Explain the concept of primary and secondary data? Provide situation
where you think secondary data can provide better statistical analysis than primary data. [3]
ii) What do you understand by questionnaire method of data collection? What are the parameters of a good
questionnaire? How do we check the reliability of a good questionnaire? [3] Q 2 a) What do we understand by the
frequency distribution? Discuss the formation of the continuous frequency distribution in detail. [3] b) Why is the
‘mailed questionnaire’ method not so commonly used as the ‘personal interview method’ in socio-economic
surveys? Critically examine this in your opinion with the help of suitable examples. [3] c) Comment on the
following statements:
I.“Statistics is the science of averages.” [3] II.“Statistics is the science of counting.” [3]

UNIT II
Q 3 a) What is the significance of cumulative frequency of less than and more than type. Explain the curve which
utilizes the cumulative frequencies for finding the Median of the data. [3] b) What is the significance of standard
deviation over variance? [3]
c) Suppose a test has been conducted to test the knowledge of students about Statistics by a professor
in a university. The marks scored by students are given in the following table. [6]
 55 67 76 78 78 56 54 87 23 45 66 45 55 67 92 110 15 23 44 76 83 24 34 35 37 82 81 73 42 54
41 40 25 55 65 34 87 91 121 135 122 23 24 54 34 65 78 97 37 54 61 43 42 55 62

i) Classify and tabulate this data with a suitable method in continuous grouped frequency
distribution.
ii) Prepare a histogram for the above data and superimpose on it the frequency polygon.

Q 4 The following data represents wage distributions of employees in a certain firm. The data is given as
Wage (in Number of

Rs). Employees
14
Less than

100 12
101-15
0

151-200 18

201-250 22

251-300 20

301-350 9

351-400 15

401-450 10

451-500 10

a) What do you understand by the Histogram? Discuss all the assumptions required to construct a
histogram in detail. [3] b) Why is it impossible to construct a percentage histogram or frequency
polygon for the distribution given in table? [3] c) How would you modify the distribution so that a
percentage histogram and frequency could be constructed? [3] d) Perform the construction of
histogram using the modification in part (c) [3] UNIT III
Q 5 a) Calculate the arithmetic mean, median and mode from the following frequency distribution and provide
interpretations for each result. [6]

Data

Wight (in grams) 410-419 420-429 430-439 440-449 450-459 460-469 470-479
 No. of apples 14 20 42 54 45 18 7

b) Find the missing information from the following Table. [6]

Group I Group II Group III Combined

Number 50 ? 90 200

Standard Deviation 6 7 ? 7.746

Mean 113 ? 115 116

Q 6 a). An analysis of monthly wages of workers of two organizations C and D yielded the following
results:

Organization

C D

No. of workers 50 60

Average monthly wages Rs. 60 Rs. 48

Variance 100 144

Obtain the average monthly wage and the standard deviation of wages of all workers in the two
organizations taken together. Which organizations is more equitable in regard to wages? [ 4] b) The following
frequency distribution represents the profits (in lacs) of various companies.

Profits (in Lakhs) 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60

No. of companies 18 20 30 22 10

Answer the following:

i) Calculate first four raw moments (about origin) of the frequency distribution. [2] ii) Calculate first four
central moments of the frequency distribution. [2] iii) Calculate coefficient of skewness and kurtosis of
the frequency distribution. [2] iv) Based on above findings what can you say about the shape of
distribution? [2]
UNIT IV
7) a) What do you mean by independence of attributes? Give a criterion of independence for attributes A and
 B. [3]
b) What are the various methods of finding whether two attributes are associated. Dissociated or independent?
Deduce any one such measure of association. [3] c) Derive an expression for a measure of association
between two attributes. [2] d) Fit a second degree parabola to the following data. [4]

X 10 14 16 17 14 18 12 19 20

y 11 12 14 19 10 18 20 24 15

8) a) What is meant by a class frequency of (i) first order (ii) third order? How would you express a class
frequency of first order in terms of class frequencies of order? [4] b) If a collection contains N items, each
of which is characterized by one or more of the attributes A, B, C and D. Show that with the usual
notations [4] (i) (��������) ≥ (��) + (��) + (��) + (��) − 3��
(ii) (��������) ≥ (������) + (������) − (����) + (��������)
Where ��, �� represent the characteristics of the absence of B and C respectively.
c) Find if A and B are independent. positively associated or negatively associated. in each of the following
cases: [4] (i) N= 1000. (A) = 470. (B) = 620 and (AB) = 320.
(li) (A) = 490. (AB) = 294. (��) = 510. and (��B) = 380.
(iii) (AB) = 256. (��B) = 768. (A��) = 48, and (����) = 144.
UNIT V
9) a) Why do we say that if two variables are independent then the correlation between them need not be 0?
Obtain the correlation coefficient of the following data. [6]

Age in Years 56 42 48 65 42 49 55 68 60

Blood Pressure 147 125 145 174 132 125 154 160 164

b) Compute the rank correlation coefficient from the following data of marks obtained by eights students in
the papers of Statistics and Commerce. [6]

Marks in Statistics 15 20 27 13 45 60 20 75

Marks in 50 30 55 30 25 10 30 70
Commerce

10) a) A panel of judge A and B graded seven candidates and independently awarded the following marks:[6]
Candidate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
 Marks by A 40 34 28 30 44 38 31

Marks by B 32 39 26 30 38 34 28

An eighth candidate was awarded 36 marks by judge A while judge B was not present. If judge B were
also present, how many marks would you expect him to be awarded to the eighth candidate assuming
that the same degree of relationship exists in their judgments?
b) Why do we have, in general, two lines of regression? If we are given two lines of regressions then how do
we decide which one is the Y on X or X on Y line of regression? Explain clearly. [6]