Los Angeles Branch Libraries MPD Update - MPD Cover
Los Angeles Branch Libraries MPD Update - MPD Cover
C. Form Prepared by
D. Certification
As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this documentation form
meets the National Register documentation standards and sets forth requirements for the listing of related properties consistent with the
National Register criteria. This submission meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR 60 and the Secretary of the
Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archeology and Historic Preservation.
(_________ See continuation sheet for additional comments.)
I hereby certify that this multiple property documentation form has been approved by the National Register as a basis for evaluating related
properties for listing in the National Register.
Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate
properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a
benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C.460 et seq.).
Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18 hours per response including time for reviewing
instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of
this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, PO Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of
Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503.
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR CONTINUATION SHEETS
E. Statement of Historic Contexts ....................................................................................................................................... 2
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................... 2
SUMMARY STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE .................................................................................................. 2
CONTEXT #1: COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING, 1930‐1964 (Criterion A) ........ 4
Early History of the LAPL ....................................................................................................................... 4
Post‐war Construction and the 1957 Bond Issue ........................................................................ 5
Neighborhood development and urban expansion, 1930‐1960 ........................................... 6
CONTEXT #2: MUNICIPAL ARCHITECTURE, LIBRARIES, & POSTWAR MODERNISM (MID‐
CENTURY MODERNISM) (CRITERION C) ..................................................................................... 11
F. Associated Property Types ............................................................................................................................................ 14
Property Type Name: ............................................................................................................................................ 14
Property Type Description: ................................................................................................................................ 14
Property Type Significance: ............................................................................................................................... 15
Property Type Registration Requirements: ................................................................................................ 15
G. Geographical Data ............................................................................................................................................................. 18
H. Summary of Identification and Evaluation Methods ......................................................................................... 19
I. Major Bibliographical References ................................................................................................................................ 20
1
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 2
E. Statement of Historic Contexts
INTRODUCTION
In 1987, twenty‐two branch libraries of the Los Angeles Public Library system (LAPL) were listed
in the National Register of Historic Places under the Thematic Group nomination “Los Angeles
Branch Library System (1913‐1930).” 1 The branch libraries were considered significant under
both National Register criterion A for their association with community planning and
development during important periods of municipal growth, and criterion C for their embodiment
of distinctive architectural styles characteristic of the region and period.
The period of significance listed in the nomination is 1913‐1930, encompassing the earliest major
building programs of the LAPL. However, ending the period of significance in 1930 was based
upon the National Register fifty‐year criterion for eligibility, and it does not reflect any permanent
cessation in the construction of historically significant branch libraries. This amendment seeks to
extend the period of significance for this Multiple Property nomination to 1960, to include
libraries built in the post‐war period and after the 1957 bond issue, as well as to provide a
foundation for the future extension of the period of significance to eventually include branch
libraries built after 1960.2 The period of significance ending date of 1960 for this amendment is
based on the National Register’s fifty‐year criterion for eligibility. In fact, the building program
funded by the 1957 bond issue continued through the 1964 completion of the Van Nuys branch
library.
SUMMARY STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE
The Los Angeles Branch Library System was one of the earliest major libraries established in the
western United States, and it remains one of the largest publicly funded libraries in the world.
Throughout its history it has been one of the largest circulating libraries in the United States, and
its tremendous growth in the first half of the 20th century led to Los Angeles becoming, by mid‐
century, the city with the highest rate of borrowing library books of any in the United States.3 By
1 The National Register nomination was first prepared in 1978, revised in 1984 and 1985, and the current version was received in
1985 and entered on May 9, 1987.
The nomination was prepared on a standard NPS 10‐900 form, the same used for individual properties at the time, and the
resource type was specified as a “Thematic Group.” Under current nomenclature, this nomination would have been prepared as a
Multiple Property Documentation form, using this form 10‐1900b.
2After consultation with the California SHPO office, this current document is presented as an MPD amendment, and for the
purposes of this amendment the previous Thematic Group nomination will be considered as an MPD listing.
3 Lothrop, Gloria Ricci. 2007. “The Development of the Los Angeles Public Library and Cultural Affairs Department.” In The
Development of Los Angeles City Government, an Institutional History, 1850‐2000 (Volume 2). Los Angeles City Historical Society,
2007, p. 629
2
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 3
the 1960s, the library would become the largest public library in the country, with over 3.5 million
volumes.4
However, as the 1987 nomination of the LAPL Branch Libraries makes clear, the permanent
library buildings within the LAPL are not significant only for their functional roles within this
impressive library system. In addition, libraries were perceived—first by the City of Los Angeles
as a whole, and then later by the individual communities in which branch libraries were located—
as symbols of community pride and achievement. Libraries were seen as both evidence of, and
contributors to, the cultural maturation of neighborhoods and municipalities. This sense of
community involvement is reflected, on a broad scale, by the fact that the library building
programs throughout the 20th century have been funded through public bond issues (in 1923,
1925, 1957, and 1989). As the 1987 nomination notes, it is also reflected, at the local level, by the
deep and committed involvement that individual communities have had in the formation of their
own branch libraries: “In some instances, local community leaders themselves founded
independent libraries and sustained them for a year before the Library Board consented to
continue with a permanent facility.”5
In fact, the Los Angeles Library system has, at various times, utilized other venues to distribute
books, venues that have not necessitated the construction of expensive and architecturally unique
single‐use buildings. An extremely successful “bookmobile” system, for example, has been utilized
by the city to provide services in under‐resourced areas or during the construction or renovation
of branches. Similarly, as new neighborhoods developed in the post‐war period, the LAPL utilized
pre‐existing properties by renting commercial or retail space in which small “storefront” libraries
could be installed. By the eliminating the need for costly capitol construction projects, such
techniques even have the potential to make significantly more funds available with which to buy
books and provide community access services, as compared to the capital expenditures necessary
for constructing new buildings. However, as functional and effective as such services might be,
they did not fulfill the symbolic role of permanent, dedicated structures, and such storefront
libraries quickly gave way to permanent structures, many of which have been designed by
significant architects.
Los Angeles’s history is one of expansion and agglomeration, and as the 1987 nomination also
notes, branch library buildings were not only symbolic of the maturation of new neighborhoods
into full‐fledged communities, but were also in many cases reflective—and even celebratory—of
the new union between previously independent incorporated cities and the larger Los Angeles
municipality. Some early examples of this were the branches constructed in Eagle Rock and Venice
between 1923 and 1930, and the “facilities constructed in these communities far exceeded the
4 Ibid, p. 631
5 National Register of Historic Places, Los Angeles Branch Library System Thematic Nomination, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County,
CA, National Register #64000066, Section 8
3
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 4
caliber and value of buildings that could have been financed by a separate municipal entity.”6 The
structures, therefore, simultaneously asserted the local neighborhood identity of the community
in which they were situated, while also celebrating the union with the larger municipality of Los
Angeles.
In addition to symbolizing cultural maturation or community growth that had already taken place,
construction of library branches was also used to express hopes and plans for future community
and civic development and for urban planning. This can be seen, in particular, in the library
building programs in the San Fernando Valley that were funded through the 1957 bond issue, and
which sought to use libraries as components of planned regional civic centers.
It is this complex and important role as both bellwethers of, and contributors to, cultural and
community development that gives LAPL branch libraries their significance under National
Register criterion A. It is also this same role that has led to attempts to construct libraries as
architecturally significant structures, reflective of their cultural and symbolic importance, and in
many cases this effort has succeeded. Within the first decades of the 20th century, for example, the
Library Board, “[i]n a move to establish a chain of distinctive and permanent landmarks…hired an
impressive array of local architects to design the buildings comprising the system.”7 The success of
this effort is reflected in the fact that many of these early libraries were indeed listed on the
National Register in 1987, with “architecture” given as one of the reasons for their significance.
This effort to invest in high‐quality architecture, utilizing authentically regional styles, has
continued throughout the 20th century and into the 21st. The architectural forms of the branch
library buildings reflects the particular pride with which Angelenos see their community libraries,
and has made many libraries some of the more notable buildings in their communities.
CONTEXT #1: COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING, 1930‐1964 (Criterion A)
Early History of the LAPL
The cultural and community importance of libraries was apparent from the very beginnings of the
Los Angeles Public Library system, which was first founded in 1873 as an institution open to the
public supported by private funding from concerned civic leaders. They saw the library as an
influence in “refining, elevating, [and] ennobling public sentiment in the community.”8 By 1878,
6 Ibid.
7 National Register of Historic Places, Los Angeles Branch Library System Thematic Nomination, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County,
CA, National Register #64000066, Section 8
8 Quoted in Lothrop, Gloria Ricci. 2007. “The Development of the Los Angeles Public Library and Cultural Affairs Department.” In
The Development of Los Angeles City Government, an Institutional History, 1850‐2000 (Volume 2). Los Angeles City Historical
Society, 2007, p. 614
4
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 5
the city of Los Angeles took over the funding and administration of the library, which was
considered to be “a milestone marking a turning point in the progress of the city.”9
The library moved from its rented rooms to new quarters at City Hall in 1889, and two years later
it became free to the public when the annual fee of four dollars for borrowing privileges was
eliminated. (Circulation jumped by over 700%, to forty‐two thousand volumes per year.)10 The
predecessors to the LAPL branch libraries were established in 1897, in the form of reading rooms
at three local schools. By 1900 there were six additional locations established, in
Garvanza/Highland Park, South Pasadena, Whittier, Pomona, Long Beach, and Anaheim, in
addition to the City Hall main library and two delivery stations. By 1901, the circulation was over
a half‐million volumes per year.11
The most significant early building program for structures dedicated as LAPL branch libraries
began with a 1911 grant from Andrew Carnegie, who funded the construction of six branch
libraries built between 1913 and 1916. (The only one of these buildings that remains, the Vermont
Square Branch, was included on the 1987 listing.) Throughout the remainder of the 20th century,
the principal funding for library expansion and building programs would come from revenue
bonds that had been approved through a public vote by the citizens of Los Angeles. The first was a
$500,000 bond issue in 1921, followed by another for the same amount in 1925, and together
these funded the construction of the twenty‐three additional branches that were built prior to
1930. The bond issues stressed the virtue of libraries as symbols of community development; the
campaign for the 1921 bond, for example, included the slogan “Grow up Los Angeles. Own your
own public library and take your place with progressive cities!”12
It was the branch libraries that resulted from these building programs that were listed on the
national register in 1987; out of the twenty‐nine built between 1913 and 1930, only seven were
not included on that listing, three having been damaged by the 1971 earthquake and subsequently
demolished, and four having been drastically altered or renovated prior to listing on the National
Register.13
Post‐war Construction and the 1957 Bond Issue
Although use of the LAPL system by patrons increased in the two decades after 1930, there were
9 Ibid, p. 615
10 Ibid, p. 616
11 Ibid, p. 616‐617
12 Quoted in Lothrop, Gloria Ricci. 2007. “The Development of the Los Angeles Public Library and Cultural Affairs Department.” In
The Development of Los Angeles City Government, an Institutional History, 1850‐2000 (Volume 2). Los Angeles City Historical
Society, 2007, p. 622
13 National Register of Historic Places, Los Angeles Branch Library System Thematic Nomination, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County,
CA, National Register #64000066, Section 8
5
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 6
few funds available for significant building of new branches during the depression of the 1930s
and during WWII. Significant expansion of the system occurred in the 1950s, however, echoing the
pattern of library branch development in the 1911‐1930 period. Like the earlier building program,
the post‐war building was also a response to incredibly rapid growth and urban development in
Los Angeles. The libraries built during this period were functional inasmuch as they served the
needs of a specific population, but there were also symbolic community centers and signifiers of
the maturation of newly‐communities into full‐fledged neighborhoods within the city. This was
shown by the high degree of community involvement and advocacy in the building of some of the
branches, and it was also shown by the celebratory opening ceremonies for new libraries, such as
the 1953 opening of the new Robertson Library branch, attended by the Mayor of Los Angeles and
other city officials.14
Although a small number of new library branches were built in the early 1950s, such as the 1953
Robertson branch and the 1952 construction of a new Sunland‐Tujunga branch, the rapidly‐
increasing population of the Valley during the 1945‐1960 badly strained the LAPL’s resources.
Some valley neighborhoods which had been too small for a library branch of their own at the
beginning of the 1950s grew so rapidly that by 1955 the lack of a local library had become a
problem; this was the case with Granada Hills, which increased in population from 3,776 in 1950
to 20,580 in 1955.15 By 1956, several hundred thousand Valley residents had no permanent
library facilities in their neighborhoods. Limited library services were provided by bookmobiles
from the LAPL and, in some cases, small “storefront” libraries in rented spaces.16
In 1957, the voters of Los Angeles passed a $6,400,00 bond issue to expand the LAPL and renovate
existing projects. The bond issue provided funding and authorized twenty‐eight major building
and renovation projects, fifteen of which were in the San Fernando Valley. This included the
construction of branches such as the Van Nuys, Panorama City, Pacoima, Palisades, and Canoga
Park branches. Many of these libraries still exist in varying degrees of historical integrity. The
building program continued through the early 1960s, and the final San Fernando Valley project
funded by this bond issue was the Van Nuys library, completed in 1964.
Neighborhood development and urban expansion, 1930‐1960
Between 1930 and 1960, the population of Los Angeles doubled, going from approximately 1.2
million residents in 1930 to approximately 2.4 million residents in 1960. In terms of actual
numbers of people, this was a period of greater growth for the City than any other thirty‐year span
in its entire history. This postwar development of Los Angeles and the vast expansion of
14 Los Angeles Public Library System. LAPL website: “A Brief Robertson Branch Library History”
15 Bob English. “Book‐Hungry Valley Towns Await Library” Los Angeles Times, Aug 12, 1956, pg. G1
16 Ibid.
6
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 7
residential communities, especially in the San Fernando Valley, had a profoundly important role in
shaping the city as it is today.
The construction of new library branches was an important part of the development of new
residential areas into neighborhoods or communities. Library branches built or expanded in the
1950s reflected the growth of the communities in which they were situated. The libraries also
reflected the collectivized desire of the community residents themselves. To some extent, a
neighborhood library building, rather than service by bookmobile, was an indication that the
geographic area it served had become self‐aware as a community. The Sunland‐Tujunga branch
was an early example of this community involvement:
As the Sunland and Tujunga communities grew, the [temporary storefront library]
became increasingly unable to meet patrons' needs, and in 1947 a citizen's
committee was formed to petition for a new facility on city owned property as part a
proposed civic unit encompassing a city hall and fire station. The project was
approved—and the new 4,578‐square‐foot Sunland ‐ Tujunga Branch Library
opened to the public on Monday, July 28, 1952.17
The history of the Robertson Library shows a similar case of community involvement and suggests
the high importance that was placed on branch libraries as indicators that individual communities
had come of age:
Patrons, spearheaded by the editor of the local Pico Post newspaper, pushed for the
construction of a branch facility, and in 1951 a lot was purchased for a building. Two
years later, on April 1, the new $89,000 Robertson Branch Library opened following
a brief ceremony sponsored by the local Lions Club and attended by the Mayor of
Los Angeles and many prominent officials. The branch was an immediate success;
during the first three months, circulation jumped from 800 books per day at the
book stop to 1,300 books per day at the new building. 18
The extensive community involvement in the building of branch libraries also helps to show that
the libraries were both a reflection of, and a part of, the mid‐twentieth‐century urban expansion
and neighborhood development that has made Los Angeles what it is today. The most obvious
element of community involvement lies in the fact that the library building programs have been
funded by bond issues, showing that the majority of the voting population was making a clear
choice to improve their communities with new or improved branch libraries. This is perhaps
17 Los Angeles Public Library System. LAPL website: “A Brief Sunland – Tujunga Branch Library History”
18 Los Angeles Public Library System. LAPL website: “Robertson Branch Library History”
7
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 8
particularly notable in light of the powerful resistance that was aroused by property‐tax increases
in the San Fernando Valley and the San Gabriel Valley in 1954 and 1957.19 More specifically,
branch library construction after the 1957 bond issue clearly demonstrated that the libraries were
a response to, and a result of, the completely new patterns of post‐war urban growth and
population accretion that are a foundational element in the twentieth‐century history of Los
Angeles. Newspaper articles, for example, pointed out that branches such as the Panorama City
library and others were to be built in areas no prior library service existed, except for
bookmobiles.20
Branch library construction in newly‐developing residential suburbs in Los Angeles in the 1950s
and 1960s, therefore, was often an important reflection of “grass‐root” efforts. Through passing
the bond issues for funding library construction, or through more direct involvement and
advocacy, residents of many Los Angeles neighborhoods have taken part in the process of
developing library branch facilities for specific regions.
At the same time, LAPL Branch Libraries constructed in the 1950s and 1950s also strongly reflect
the involvement of “top‐down” efforts by urban planners who attempted to stimulate healthy
regional and neighborhood growth patterns in the new residential developments.
Specifically, the library building programs after WWII were integrated with the contemporaneous
plans for regional civic centers in the 1950s. These regional civic centers, responding to massive
population growth in the post‐war period, were envisioned as central administrative/cultural
agglomerations within the new population centers in the Valley. Proposals for these branch or
regional civic centers included not only branch administrative centers, or city halls, but also fire
departments, libraries, and other cultural resources all located physically close together.21 The
spatial patterns of development in Los Angeles that led to the plans for these regional civic centers
was tied to the city’s particular and unique history, which involved both pioneering community
planning efforts by the municipality, as well as unprecedented, and often essentially unplanned,
suburban development undertaken by private developers in the postwar period.
In 1924, the Major Traffic Street Plan had been designed to facilitate automobile accessibility in
the region, and this was a factor in the growth over time of multiple residential communities
connected to each other and to the central business district through a network of freeways.22 The
1924 Traffic Street Plan was itself a product of the nation’s first regional planning commission,
19 Davis, Mike. City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles. New York: Vintage Books, 1992, p. 182
20 “Panorama City library and 28 other city library projects” Los Angeles Times, Mar 30, 1958; pg. F18
21 City Planning Commission Report, “Accomplishments” 1947. Los Angeles, CA
22 Lothrop, Gloria Ricci. 2007. “The Development of the Los Angeles Public Library and Cultural Affairs Department.” In The
Development of Los Angeles City Government, an Institutional History, 1850‐2000 (Volume 2). Los Angeles City Historical Society,
2007, p. 628
8
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 9
established in 1922.23 Regional planning and spatial patterns of urbanization are particularly
significant in Los Angeles’ history, as the explosive population growth of the city in the ensuing
decades was inseparable from its geographic growth, as multiple pre‐existing small communities
and incorporated municipalities were annexed. This was far different from development patterns
in many other older and more spatially‐bounded cities. At the same time, in addition to its unusual
patterns of spatial development, Los Angeles’ growth during much of the 20th century is also
notable for its unusual magnitude. Drastic demographic change took place in Los Angeles due to
the demand for labor during WWII, for example, and in the 1950s, nearly a quarter‐million new
residents settled in the city each year, or “as much growth as New York and San Francisco
combined, or twice the growth of Chicago” during the same time period.24
As urban historian Mike Davis and others have noted, “…in the late 1940s, following the
tumultuous recomposition of Los Angeles’ social areas by wartime immigration, planners began to
fret about how to reinforce communal identity in older residential neighborhoods and new
outlying suburbs. They meticulously designated over four hundred ‘neighborhood’ areas…”25
It was in the San Fernando Valley that this wide‐spread spatial distribution of population centers
and the explosive post‐war population growth were both most apparent, and the proposed
regional civic centers were simultaneously an attempt to recognize the reality of the new Valley
communities, and to provide a solid foundation for their future growth and administration within
the umbrella of the Los Angeles municipal structure. The bond issue originally proposed to fund
the construction of these civic centers was defeated in 1947.26 However, in some cases, library
building programs were seen as an opportunity to contribute to the piecemeal development of the
civic centers. For example, a 1951 LA Times article indicated that “the $75,000 structure [Sunland‐
Tujunga branch] will become the second building in the proposed civic center for the Sunland‐
Tujunga area of the city.” 27 Similarly, in Van Nuys, “[g]reat community interest in the library and
in the development of the Van Nuys Civic Center merged into the idea for a new library building in
the Civic Center.”28 Construction on the Van Nuys Civic Center began in 1962, and included “the
County Administrative building, the County Health Department, the Van Nuys Police
Administrative building, the County Court building with its branch of the county law library, the
Van Nuys City Hall, the Federal Building and branch Post Office, and combined City/State
Building.” 29 When it opened on May 11, 1964, as part of the Van Nuys Civic Center, the Van Nuys
23 Pitt, Leonard. Los Angeles A to Z: an Encyclopedia of the City and County. University of California Press, 1997. P. 290
24 Lothrop, Gloria Ricci. 2007. “The Development of the Los Angeles Public Library and Cultural Affairs Department.” In The
Development of Los Angeles City Government, an Institutional History, 1850‐2000 (Volume 2). Los Angeles City Historical Society,
2007, p. 628
25 Davis, Mike. City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles. New York: Vintage Books, 1992, p. 188.
26 City Planning Commission Report, “Accomplishments” 1947. Los Angeles, CA
27 “Sunland Library History.” LA Times, Oct. 4, 1951.
28 Los Angeles Public Library System. LAPL website: LAPL website “Van Nuys Branch history”
29 Los Angeles Public Library System. “Grand Reopening Celebration of the Van Nuys Branch.” Oct 4, 1996. Invitation/ephemera.
9
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 10
Branch Library was the fifteenth and final library project in the San Fernando Valley to be
completed under the 1957 bond issue. 30
The importance of the post‐war branch libraries as physical expressions of municipal efforts to
stimulate positive community development and neighborhood identity‐formation—to stimulate a
sense of place, in the language of historian Dolores Hayden—is perhaps made even more
significant because the library construction funded by the 1957 bond issue was, according to some
historians, the last such attempt to nurture suburban community in positive and constructive
ways in regions like the San Fernando Valley—at least for a few decades. As Mike Davis explains it,
“the history of homeowner activism in Southern California divides into two
epochs…[in] roughly the forty years between 1920 and 1960‐ homeowners
associations were overwhelmingly concerned with the establishment of what Robert
Fishman has called ‘bourgeois utopia.’”31
However, by the mid‐1960s, “[t]his functionalist approach to neighborhood‐building” was
abandoned. Noting that true power in southern California rests with affluent homeowners en
masse, and that these homeowners, fearing for their own property values, had combined to create
a powerful slow‐growth movement to combat further suburban sprawl, Davis explains that
“[a]fter 1965 the structural context of homeowner interests [had] dramatically changed.”32
Though boosterish attitudes toward continued development had increased property values up to a
point, excessive development and infill construction in the same region (and all the resultant
traffic) was now beginning to affect values negatively. Neighborhoods and homeowners, now
defending their turf instead of promoting it, became solely focused on exclusionary (and highly
racialized) visions of community identity. Instead of construction of physical assets to the
neighborhood to catalyze a sense of place‐identity, Davis says, there was instead an “emphasis on
reinforcing white residents’ perception of local control.”33
The branch libraries built in the San Fernando Valley communities, integrated with the branch
Civic Center plans and funded with the 1957 bond issue, therefore, can be seen as the last
poignant physical manifestations of the same original wave of an optimistic, pro‐growth and pro‐
community spirit that fueled the waves of suburban development in the first place.
Online at http://dbase1.lapl.org/webpics/calindex/documents/12/521853.pdf
30 Los Angeles Public Library System. LAPL website: LAPL website “Van Nuys Branch history”
31 Davis, Mike. City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles. New York: Vintage Books, 1992, p. Davis, Mike. City of Quartz:
Excavating the Future in Los Angeles. New York: Vintage Books, 1992, p. 170
32 Davis, Mike. City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles. New York: Vintage Books, 1992, p. 170
33 Davis, Mike. City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles. New York: Vintage Books, 1992, p. 188
10
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 11
CONTEXT #2: MUNICIPAL ARCHITECTURE, LIBRARIES, & POSTWAR MODERNISM (MID‐
CENTURY MODERNISM) (CRITERION C)
Municipal architecture is an embodiment of the civic ideals of a community, and it expresses in
concrete form the respect or sense of importance accorded to civil institutions. In the case of the
Los Angeles branch libraries, the architecture of the buildings demonstrates the high level of
importance accorded to literary culture and to the library as a community institution throughout
Los Angeles’ history.
The early branch libraries of the LAPL were built in a variety of period revival styles, such as
Italian Renaissance (including the 1913 Vermont Square Branch and the 1916 Cahuenga Branch),
Classical Revival (Lincoln Heights Branch, 1916), or Italian Romanesque (University Branch,
1923). A number of the branch libraries prior to 1930 were “based upon various Mediterranean
styles representative of Southern California in the early twentieth century,” including several in
Spanish Colonial Revival styles.34
Although these buildings covered a broad range stylistically, they shared in common several
features. In keeping with the ennobling mission of the LAPL, and symbolizing the respect given to
these edifices of education and literary culture, many “were designed by prominent commercial
and/or institutional architects of the time.”35 In addition, as institutions that were intimately tied
to the city and locale, the emphasis on locally‐appropriate styles was also important. Libraries
were “institutions to which our citizenship should be able to point with special pride,” in the
words of a 1911 LAPL Annual Report, and the structures should reflect this.36 Coupled with this
sense that the structures were monuments of civic pride was the idea that they should provide
uplifting and ennobling environments, in concordance with their educational missions. Many were
therefore “located in parks or… surrounded by maintained landscaping.”37 The zenith of this
conception of library design was embodied in the 1926 Central Library, which was “set amidst 3.3
acres of cypress—lined stairways and tiled lily ponds” with “sweeping lawns” that “lent
themselves to use as outdoor reading rooms” and a highly decorated interior.38
34 National Register of Historic Places, Los Angeles Branch Library System Thematic Nomination, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County,
CA, National Register #64000066, Section 7
35 Ibid.
36 Quoted in Lothrop, Gloria Ricci. 2007. “The Development of the Los Angeles Public Library and Cultural Affairs Department.” In
The Development of Los Angeles City Government, an Institutional History, 1850‐2000 (Volume 2). Los Angeles City Historical
Society, 2007, p. 622
37 National Register of Historic Places, Los Angeles Branch Library System Thematic Nomination, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County,
CA, National Register #64000066, Section 7
38 Lothrop, Gloria Ricci. 2007. “The Development of the Los Angeles Public Library and Cultural Affairs Department.” In The
Development of Los Angeles City Government, an Institutional History, 1850‐2000 (Volume 2). Los Angeles City Historical Society,
11
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 12
At the same time, the libraries were not memorials, pointing only at the past; rather, they were
highly functional, even technologically advanced structures, that in most cases (referring to the
properties constructed between 1913 and 1926) were designed “with a capacity [for] 20,000
volumes and with work rooms, supply rooms and club rooms rather than auditoriums.”39 The
architecture of libraries in Los Angeles in this period reflected, to some extent, both this sense of
progressive technological functionalism as well as the sense of romantic and idyllic historicity
connoted by the various revival styles employed. The styles of the past (in the form of classical
details or revival architecture), therefore, were mined for the referential and associative meanings
to convey ideas such as permanence, civic duty, nobility of purpose, and authority. This
concurrence of the progressiveness of the modern with the solidity of the past was also well‐
expressed in the Central Library, which “was capped with a 188‐foot square tower capped with a
mosaic pyramid, blending the Hispanic [Revival style] with the modernity of the Los Angeles City
Hall.”40
Together, these elements combined to form an authentically local style of architecture. As
recognized in the 1987 listing of the twenty‐two remaining branch libraries from the 1913‐1930
period that retained historical integrity, these branch libraries are significant under National
Register criterion C for this very reason: their embodiment of distinctive architectural styles
characteristic of southern California and of Los Angeles in the early 20th century.
In the years after 1930, the Great Depression contributed to a growth in circulation for home
reading (likely due to the increased reading time provided by unemployment), and the library’s
patrons went up between 1930 and 1940 by 33%, or approximately one hundred thousand.41
However, economic hardship limited the possibility of new building programs during the
Depression, as did the focus on wartime industries did during WWII. Circulation continued to
increase; the library lent 6,309,923 books in 1945, and 9,254,546 in 1955.42 It was only after the
Depression and after WWII that the library could begin to institute new building programs to
respond to growth in usage and to the growth of the City of Los Angeles.
The most significant building program during this period was funded by the 1957 bond issue,
which paid for the construction or renovation of fifteen branch libraries in the San Fernando
Valley, as well as various other library improvement projects. By the time that this building
program was instituted, the predominant architectural styles in Los Angeles had changed
significantly from the various Mediterranean revival styles that had been employed in the first
2007, p. 623
39 Ibid, p. 622
40 Ibid, p. 623
41 Lothrop, Gloria Ricci. 2007. “The Development of the Los Angeles Public Library and Cultural Affairs Department.” In The
Development of Los Angeles City Government, an Institutional History, 1850‐2000 (Volume 2). Los Angeles City Historical Society,
2007, p. 625
42 Ibid, p. 629
12
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012)
United States Department of the Interior Los Angeles Branch Library System Put
National Park Service Name of Property
Los Angeles, CA
National Register of Historic Places County and State
Continuation Sheet
Los Angeles Branch Library System
Name of multiple listing (if applicable)
Section number E Page 13
decades of the century. However, just as with the 1913‐1930 building programs, the LAPL
continued to focus on significant architects and designers who could create architecturally
significant structures that would be a source of local civic pride, and that would reflect the spirit of
Los Angeles. This pride can be observed in contemporary newspaper articles that celebrated the
architects chosen to design individual branches—Graham Latta, for example, in the case of the
Panorama City Branch—and in many cases noted details of cost and construction, such as the
$186,575 Canoga Park branch. 43 44 45
In the late 1950s, when the construction program funded by the 1957 bond issue began, the
architectural style that best expressed the regional character of Los Angeles, along with a
progressive civic pride, was Mid‐Century Modernism. Early Modernists such as Richard Neutra
and Rudolph Schindler, forward‐thinking architects in the postwar years, had developed a
Modernist tradition indigenous to Los Angeles and of national and international repute. Their
work laid the foundation for the development of Mid‐Century Modernism, as their work and
techniques played a significant role in the careers of “Second Generation” Modernists such as
Gregory Ain and Harwell Hamilton Harris and seminal Case Study Program (1945‐1966)
architects such as Rafael Soriano, Craig Ellwood, Pierre Koenig, and many, many others.
Mid‐Century Modernism “found its roots in the International Style and matured into a regional
style which manifest itself in nearly every property type,” and was particularly appropriate in
large‐scale, open‐plan commercial and institutional architecture such as office buildings or
showrooms. 46 The style is characterized by simple, geometric volumes; horizontal massing; direct
expression of structural systems; unornamented wall surfaces; flush‐mounted windows, often
floor‐to‐ceiling; and, in some cases, experimental or expressionistic roof forms, such as butterfly,
hyperbolic paraboloid, folded plate or barrel vault. This emphasis on sculptural form and
geometric volume proved suitable for creating the wide, well‐lighted spaces favored for open‐plan
contemporary libraries.
43 “Panorama City library and 28 other city library projects” Los Angeles Times, Mar 30, 1958, pg. F18
44 “$186,575 Branch Library Slated for Canoga Park” Los Angeles Times, Mar 16, 1958, pg. F14
45 “For growth...knowledge” Los Angeles Times, Sep 4, 1957, pg. D21
46 Los Angeles Office of Historic Resources. Survey LA Historic Context Statement: Mid‐Century Modernism.
13
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Name of Property (Expires 5-31-2012)
F. Associated Property Types
(Provide description, significance, and registration requirements.)
Property Type Name:
Post‐War Branch Libraries of the Los Angeles Public Library (LAPL) (1945‐1964)
Property Type Description:
The majority of the post‐war branch libraries constructed during the period of significance
discussed in this amendment were built after the 1957 Library Bond issue, although some
construction, most notably the 1952 Sunland‐Tujunga branch, were constructed earlier in the
decade. In general, they are in the range of 4,000‐6,000 square feet, and were constructed to serve
newly developed communities in the San Fernando Valley or similar postwar suburb areas.
Branch libraries from this time period were generally one‐story structures with an extended roof
height to expand the sense of open‐ness in the interior space, and in some cases replaced older,
smaller libraries, doubling or tripling the size of the previous building on the site to accommodate
the burgeoning populations.
Like their 1913‐1930 predecessors, the Los Angeles Public Library branches built in the two
decades after World War II were designed by a number of different commercial and professional
architects, who constructed the buildings using a wide range of materials and of sites. However,
despite these differences, these post‐war libraries generally share in various ways in the
architectural style of Mid‐Century Modernism. The style is characterized by an emphasis on
sculptural form and geometric volume, as well as an engineer’s delight in the novel use of
“modern” materials in historically unthinkable ways: floor‐to‐ceiling windows hanging in curtain
walls, or reinforced concrete roofs that that become rigid, frozen celebrations of plasticity. This
emphasis on sculptural form and geometric volume proved suitable for creating the wide, well‐
lighted spaces that are quite appropriate for libraries, and for public buildings in general.
At heart, however, the defining element of this property type is a functional role: Branch libraries
are buildings that, during their period of significance, served their communities as libraries,
providing educational & entertainment resources and a public space to a community of people
who would enter and leave hundreds of times every today. Serving this function well involved the
branch libraries quite naturally as community anchors as well; as recent scholars have noted,
libraries can play often unperceived roles as “community anchors,” and this is especially true in
14
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Name of Property (Expires 5-31-2012)
the areas, such as many post‐war suburban developments, where there is little planned public
space or forum for community interaction.47 This role as a “community anchor” involves both
intangible associative relationships but also spatial relationships that can often continue to be
meaningfully preserved whether the property continues to function as a library or not.
Unfortunately, however, there are actually very few extant properties from this time period that
both fit this description and also retain the integrity needed for registration—and perhaps
currently only one, the former Canoga Park Branch Library. Because the communities served by
the post‐war libraries have grown so rapidly in Los Angeles, and because the LAPL has been so
effective in growing with them over time—and because the Los Angeles citizenry has been willing
to continue making major capitol investments in the LAPL approximately every three decades, in
the form of library bond issues—the vast majority of branch libraries that are not protected by
local or federal designation have either been destroyed or have lost their historic integrity
through significant renovation prior to achieving the fifty‐year National Register criterion of
eligibility.
Property Type Significance:
Because Post‐war Branch Libraries are closely associated with community development and suburban
growth in Los Angeles, and because of their connection to urban planning ideals and practices through
their connection to the planned regional Civic Centers, they are eligible under Criterion A. Properties
eligible under Criterion A will be considered under the context #1 presented in this MPS, “Community
Development and Planning, 1930‐1964.” Because many of the post‐war LAPL Branch Libraries also serve
as notable examples of important regional architecture, many are also potentially eligible under Criterion C,
within historical Context #2: “Municipal Architecture, Libraries, & Postwar Modernism (Mid‐Century
Modernism).”
Property Type Registration Requirements:
In order to be eligible to the National Register of Historic Places, the property must have been
constructed during the period of significance, 1945‐1964, and it must have been constructed for
the purpose of functioning as a Branch Library under the administration of the Los Angeles Public
Library system (LAPL). The property must retain a high degree of integrity of design and materials
47 Manjarrez, C. “Making Cities Stronger: Public Library Contributions to Local Economic Development.” Urban Institute, 2007
15
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Name of Property (Expires 5-31-2012)
from its original construction date or from the period of significance. If the property is no longer
functioning as a library, it must still retain a high degree of integrity of materials, design, setting,
and association from its functional period as a branch library. Note: the LAPL has both “Branch
Libraries” and “Regional Branch Libraries” within the LAPL system, as well as the Central Library;
both “Branch Libraries” and “Regional Branch Libraries” are eligible for registration within this
MPD.
Eligible properties are most likely to be found in the San Fernando Valley, were 15 capital
construction projects were authorized under the 1957 bond issue program. (28 projects were
authorized under this 1957 Bond issue; 15 were specifically designated for the San Fernando
Valley.)
In addition, eligible properties must also maintain a strong sense of identity with the communities
in which they are located, through integrity of location, setting, association, and feeling as well as
integrity of design, workmanship, and materials. This is likely to be maintained through their
function as community libraries if the property continues to function according to its original
purpose. However, if the property no longer functions as an active library within the LAPL system
(as is the case, for example, with the Canoga Park Branch Library building on Owensmouth
Avenue), it must maintain a strong degree of both the feeling and the spatial relationships that
existed when it did function as a functional public building within the community. This historical
relationship with the community is strengthened if the branch library was originally constructed
as part of a regional civic center or was intended to be part of a regional civic center. The integrity
of spatial relationships can potentially be a way of analyzing these difficult integrity
considerations. For example, does the spatial layout of the community still retain the same
approximate density of construction that it had when the Library was constructed? Are
neighboring buildings the same structures that existed during the library’s period of significance?
If they are not, or if there has been significant infill construction since the period of significance, is
the approximate scale of construction similar to that which existed during the period of
significance? Integrity of setting and location, in the context of these spatial relationships, implies
that the building must maintain the sense of public accessibility that helped branch libraries
become icons and markers of community identity during the mid‐century development of
residential communities in the San Fernando Valley and elsewhere in Los Angeles.
In terms of architectural style, it is expected that all eligible branch libraries are constructed in the
style of Mid‐Century Modernism, characterized by simple, geometric volumes; horizontal massing;
direct expression of structural systems; unornamented wall surfaces; flush‐mounted windows,
and experimental or expressionistic roof forms, such as butterfly, hyperbolic paraboloid, folded
plate or barrel vault.
16
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Name of Property (Expires 5-31-2012)
Possible eligible properties include the following branches. These properties have not yet been
fully researched for integrity considerations.
• Canoga Park Branch Library, 7260 N. Owensmouth Ave., Canoga Park, CA. (Constructed in
1959, under the 1957 bond issue program)
• Panorama City Branch Library, 14345 Roscoe Boulevard, Panorama City, CA 91402
(Constructed between 1958 and 1960, under the 1957 bond issue program)
• Van Nuys Branch Library, 6250 Sylmar Ave, Van Nuys, CA 91401. (Constructed in 1964,
and thus not eligible due to the 50‐year eligibility requirement as of 2010. However, it is
hoped that this MPD will continue to be extended in the future to integrate newer
properties such as this. This library was opened in 1964 as the 15th and final project in the
San Fernando Valley under terms of the 1957 bond issue program.
17
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Name of Property (Expires 5-31-2012)
G. Geographical Data
Geographically, the potential survey area for this multiple property submission covers the entire
region served by the Los Angeles Public Library (LAPL) system, an area that is coterminous with
the corporate boundaries of the City of Los Angeles. However, because of the specificity of the
property type to which this MPS applies, and because they were all constructed by the same
institution, there are a very finite number of properties actually within the scope of this survey,
and their locations are known.48
These properties within the scope of the survey, however, many of which are currently ineligible
solely or primarily because of the National Register fifty‐year criterion for eligibility, should be
revisited consistently to determine their potential eligibility in the future. Future amendments to
this MPD should continue to consider any additional areas annexed by the City of Los Angeles, as
these will then also be within the scope of the LAPL.
48 Specifically, there are only a little more than 80 total properties extant today within the City of Los Angeles that were constructed
as branch and regional library buildings by the LAPL, and 22 of these are already listed in the National Register under the “Los
Angeles Branch Library Thematic Nomination, (1913‐1930).” These properties include both active libraries as well as some
properties, such as the former Canoga Park Library, that were built as libraries but have since undergone adaptive reuse after
their library branch functions were installed in newer, larger buildings.
18
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Name of Property (Expires 5-31-2012)
H. Summary of Identification and Evaluation Methods
(Discuss the methods used in developing the multiple property listing.)
The survey and evaluation process for this amended MPS for the Los Angeles Public Library
system, focusing on the post‐war capitol construction projects funded through the 1957 bond
issue and expressed particularly in the post‐war modernist branch library buildings that were
constructed in rapidly growing post‐war neighborhoods in the San Fernando Valley, builds very
closely on the existing documentation listed in the National Register. This existing documentation
is the National Register of Historic Places, Los Angeles Branch Library System Thematic
Nomination, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, CA, National Register #64000066, which was first
prepared in 1978, then revised in 1984 and 1985 by Robert Chattel, and then received by the NPS
in 1985 and entered into the Register on May 9, 1987.
Building from the twin areas of significance noted in that 1987 Thematic Nomination for libraries
constructed from 1913‐1930—that is, their roles as cultural and community signifiers and their
potential status as architecturally significant structures that serve as —the survey and evaluation
process for the current amended LAPL MPS used the same lens to analyze newer LAPL
properties—at least, those few remaining LAPL properties with enough historic integrity to be
potentially eligible. Generally speaking, because of the National Register fifty‐year criterion for
eligibility, the properties within the scope of the survey for this MPS were those Branch Libraries
constructed with the 1957 bond issue funds, the majority of which were constructed in the more
recently‐annexed areas and more recently‐developed communities of the San Fernando Valley
(that is, the areas had been annexed in many cases in the first decades of the twentieth century,
and the communities had flourished especially in the years just after WWII). This scope of analysis
led to the particular resources used to analyze historic contexts for this survey; specifically,
newspaper articles, literature and histories provided by the LAPL itself, site visits to determine the
relationship between extant structures and their environments and surrounding communities
(and to determine integrity). These very public information resources are appropriate because the
functional role and significance of the library buildings in terms of their relationship to
communities and to culture is inherently related to how they are publicly perceived.
In the case of the Canoga Park Branch Library Building, the Historical‐Cultural Monument
Application file, held by the Cultural Heritage Commission of Los Angeles, also provided particular
insight into the discourse that went on in the city about the significance of the building.
19
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Name of Property (Expires 5-31-2012)
I. Major Bibliographical References
(List major written works and primary location of additional documentation: State Historic
Preservation Office, other State agency, Federal agency, local government, university, or other,
specifying repository.)
• Lothrop, Gloria Ricci. 2007. “The Development of the Los Angeles Public Library and Cultural Affairs
Department.” In The Development of Los Angeles City Government, an Institutional History, 1850‐2000 (Volume
2). Los Angeles City Historical Society, 2007 pg 613‐651
• Rudd, H., Ed. The Development of Los Angeles City Government: An Institutional History, 1850‐2000. City of Los
Angeles Historical Society, 2007
• City Planning Commission. “Accomplishments,” City Planning Commission Report, 1947. Los Angeles, CA.
• Pitt, Leonard. Los Angeles A to Z: an Encyclopedia of the City and County. University of California Press, 1997
• Los Angeles Office of Historic Resources, Survey LA Historic Context Statement: Mid‐Century Modernism.
• National Register of Historic Places, Los Angeles Branch Library System Thematic Nomination, 1913‐1930,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, CA, National Register #64000066.
• Los Angeles Public Library System: “A Brief Sunland – Tujunga Branch Library History”; “Robertson
Branch Library History”; “Van Nuys Branch history”
• Manjarrez, C. “Making Cities Stronger: Public Library Contributions to Local Economic Development.” Urban
Institute, 2007
• NPS. National Register Bulletin: Historic Residential Suburbs: Guidelines For Evaluation And Documentation.
• Los Angeles Times:
o “Panorama City library and 28 other city library projects” Los Angeles Times, Mar 30, 1958; pg. F18
o “Sunland Library History.” LA Times, Oct. 4, 1951.
o “$186,575 Branch Library Slated for Canoga Park” Los Angeles Times, Mar 16, 1958, pg. F14
o “For growth...knowledge” Los Angeles Times, Sep 4, 1957, pg. D21
o “Book‐Hungry Valley Towns Await Library” Los Angeles Times, Aug 12, 1956, pg. G1
Bibliographic sources used in the National Register of Historic Places, Los Angeles Branch Library System Thematic
Nomination (National Register #64000066), 1987:
20
NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Name of Property (Expires 5-31-2012)
• Annual Report, 1935, Los Angeles Public Library
• Los Angeles Times; May 31, 1914, Pt. V, Pg. 1; June 13, 1915, Pt. VI, Pg. 4; November 26, 1922, Pt. V, Pg. 6;
January 14, 1923, Pt. V, Pg. 1; February 25, 1923, Pt. V, Pg. 1; November 7, 1926, Pt. V, Pg. 6;
• Los Angeles Public Library Branches, 1928, Los Angeles Public Library
• California Historic Resources Inventory, 1976, Office of Historic Preservation, Sacramento, CA., Assessment
Records, Los Angeles County Recorder
21