JEE-MAIN-SR-CHEM-VOL-III POLYMERS

POLYMERS
SYNOPSIS Ø The process of formation of polymers from their
starting materials is called polymerization and
Ø Polymers are macro-sized molecules of the small molecules that combine with each
relatively high molecular mass.(103-107u) other are termed as monomers.
Ø The word polymer is coined from two Greek Ex : poly ethene, nylon 6.6
words : Poly means many and mer means unit Ø A macro molecule is a giant molecule which
or part may (or) may not contain monomer units.
Ø They are obtained by joining together a large Ex : Chlorophyll (it does not contain monomers)
number of small molecules. Ø Thus, all polymers are macromolecules but all
macromolecules are not polymers.

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Classification based on growth Ø Isobutylene undergoes cationic polymerization

polymerisation: The addition and easily as it has two electron releasing - CH 3
condensation polymers are now a days also groups that will stablize the intermediate cation.
referred as chain growth polymers & step growth Ø The reaction proceeds through three steps as
polymers depending on the type of given below:
polymerization mechanism they undergo during (i) Chain initiating step :
their formation.
H 2O + AlCl3 → H + + [ AlCl3 (OH )]−
TYPES OF POLYMERISATION
(+)
REACTIONS : H+ CH 2 = CHR
chain
vinyl compound
→ CH 3 − C HR
Addition Polymerization / Chain growth initiator chain carrier

polymerization: When the molecules of same (ii) chain propogation step :

monomer or different monomers add together (+)

to form a polymer, this process is called addition CH 3 − C HR + CH 2 = CHR →

polymerization. (+)

Ø The monomers used here are unsaturated CH 3 − CHR − CH 2 − C HR

compounds such as alkenes, alkadienes and (iii) Chain termination step :
their derivatives. Chain termination take’s place by lose of H+
Ø This process is also called chain growth or addition of base
polymerization because it takes place through (+) −
CH 3 − CHR − CH 2 − C HR + n(CH 2 = CHR ) 
[ AlCl ( OH )3
→
stages leading to increase in chain length.
+
Addition polymers have same empirical formula CH 3 − CHR − {CH 2 − CHR}n − CH = CHR + H
as their monomers. (b) Anionic Addition Polymerization: An
Ex: Polyethene,PVC,Teflon, Polypropylene. anionic initiator will similarly generate
Ø This mode of polymerization can take place carbanionic intermediate and the resulting
through the formation of either radicals or ionic polymerization is categorized as anionic
species such as carbanions or carbocations. addition polymerization. Here, the active centre
Ionic polymerizations is two types. of the propagating species is negatively charged.
a) cationic b) anionic Ø It occurs easily with monomers containing
(a) Cationic Addition Polymerization electron-withdrawing groups such as phenyl,
When the initiator is cationic in nature, on nitrile etc., which are able to stablize the
addition to the double bond, it would generate a propagating species.
cationic intermediate for propagation of chain Ø Intiation can be brought about by reagents such
process and is termed as cationic addition as n-butyl lithium or potassium amide.
polymerization. Ø The steps with the vinyl derivative can be written
Ø The process is initiated by a Lewis acid. as follows:
Ø The important chain initiators used for the Chain initiation : Na + NH 3 → Na + NH 2−
cationic polymerisation are BF3 , AlCl3 or SnCl4
Ø Cation polymerization is facilitated in NH 2− + M → NH 2 M −
monomers containing electron-releasing groups. monomer
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Chain propagation : PREPARATION OF SOME
− −
NH 2 M + ( n − 1) M → NH 2 M n
IMPORTANT ADDITION POLYMERS
NH 2 M n− + NH 3 → NH 2 M n H + NH 2− 1. Polyethene −[CH2 − CH2 ]n−
eg., RLi + CH 2 = CH − C6 H 5 → R − CH 2 − C H − Li + Monomer : Ethene
| Type : Addition polymer
C6 H 5 Two types : LDPE and HDPE
(chain initiation) LDPE HDPE
R − CH 2 − C − HLi + + (n − 1)CH 2 = C H Low-density polyethene High-density polyethene
| |
C6 H 5 C6 H 5 By heating pure ethene By heating ethene at
at 350 – 570 K in the 333–343Kunder
→ R − (CH 2 − C| H −) n (chain propagation) pressure in the
C6 H 5 presence of traces of presence of
Ø In anionic polymerisation chain terminating step oxygen (or) peroxide Ziegler Natta catalyst
is absent. initiator. (trialkyl or triethyl
(c) Free radical addition mechanism: Here the aluminium and
chain initiator (Catalyst) may be benzoyl titanium tetrachloride)
peroxide, acetyl peroxide are tert-butyl peroxide. High branching Linear chains
Three main steps are involved Doesn’t pack well Packs tightly
1. Chain initiating step Low density 0.92 g/cc High denisty 0.97 g/cc
2. Chain propagating step Moderate tensile strength High tensile strength
3. Chain terminating step For making plastic bags, For making containers,
Chain initiation : insulating cables, toys, buckets, bottles, etc.
R − O − O − R → 2R − OC pipes, etc
C
R − O C + H 2C = C H 2 → R − O − C H 2 − C H 2
2. Teflon (PTFE)
Chain propagation :
C
Polytetrafluoroethylene −[CF2 − CF2 ]−n
R − O − CH 2 −C H 2 + H 2C = C H 2 → Monomer : Tetrafluoroethene (CF2 = CF2 )
R − O − CH 2 − CH 2 − CH 2 − CH 2C Type : Addition polymer
In this manner the chain continues to grow : Used for making non-stick cookware, gaskets,
insulation material. It is very resistance to high
R − O − [CH 2 − CH 2 ]n − CH 2 − CH 2C is formed ultimately
temperature and attack of chemicals.
Chain termination:
3. PAN : [Polyacrylonitrile (Orlon)]
 + R −O −
R − O − (CH 2 − CH 2 )n − CH 2 − CH 2 −[C H − CH 2 ]−
n
 →
|
(CH 2 − CH 2 )n − CH 2 − CH 2 CN
Monomer : Vinyl cyanide (acrylonitrile)
R − O − (CH 2 − CH 2 )n − CH 2 − CH 2 − CH 2 − CH 2
CH 2 = CHCN
− (CH 2 − CH 2 )n − O − R Type : Addition polymer
S.No. Monomer type Polymerisation mechanism Used for making fabric material, blankets,
Free radical anionic cationic carpets, etc.
1. Styrene + + + Condensation Polymerization / Step
2. Dienes + + – growth polymerization: When both the
3. Vinylchloride + – – reactants are bifunctional, they undergo a series
4. Ethylene + – + of condensation reactions in a controlled
5. Isobutylene – – + stepwise manner with the elimination of small
6. Acrylonitrile + + – molecule like H 2O , alcohol to form polymers,
7. Vinyl esters + – – and the process is called condensation
8. Vinyl ethers – – + polymerization.
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Ø This process is also called step-growth
polymerization.
Ø Condensation polymerisation takes place
between molecules having polyfunctional
groups.
Polyamides: Polymers possessing amide
linkages are important synthetic fibres. Ø The Terylene fibre (Dacron) is grease resistant
Ø They are made by condensation of diamines with and has low moisture absorption.
dicarboxylic acids and also from amino acids Ø It has high tensile strength.
or caprolactams, the cyclic amides. Ø It is mainly used in making wash and wear
Ex1: Nylon 6, 6: It is made by condensation garments, in blending with wool to provide
of hexamethylene diammine and adipic acid, better grease and wrinkle resistance.
each of which possesses six carbon atoms and Phenol-formaldehyde polymer
these numbers are represented in the name of (Bakelite and related polymers)
the product as 6, 6. Ø These are the oldest synthetic polymers and are
Ø Acid and amine react to form the amide. still extensively used.
Ø Here, the polyamide is formed by heating the Ø Phenol is condensed with formaldehyde in the
reactant mixture under pressure and the process presence of either an acid or a base.
has been developed so that the molecular mass Ø The reaction starts with the initial formation of
of the polymers is controlled in the range 12000 O and/or P-hydroxymethyl phenol derivatives,
to 20000. which further react with phenol to form
n H2N-(CH2)6-NH2 + n HOOC(CH2)4COOH compounds where rings are joined to each other
O with -CH2 groups.
Ø The initial product could be a linear product -

→ ( - NH(CH2)6 - N −C - (CH2)4 CO -)n
Heat
− H 2O Novolac used in paints.
H
nylon-6, 6
Ex 2 : Nylon 6 or Perlon L: It is formed by
self-condensation of a large number of
molecules of amino caproic acid.
Ø Since caprolactam is more easily available, it is
used for polymerization which is carried out in
the presence of water that first hydrolysis the
lactam to amino acid.
Ø The amino group of the amino acid can react
with the lactam and the process goes on and on
to form the polyamide polymer.

Ø On further heating with formaldehyde, novolac

undergoes cross-linking to form an infusible
solid called bakelite.
Ø Nylons are insoluble in common solvents, have
good strength and absorb little moisture.
Polyesters: Dacron is the best known of the
polyesters and is manufactured from ethylene
glycol and terephthalic acid.
Ø The reaction is carried out at 420 to 460 K in
the presence of a catalyst mixture of zinc acetate
and antimony trioxide.
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Ø This polymer called bakelite is hard, scratch and nA + nB →
water resistant.
−A − B − A − A − A − B − B − A − B − A − A −
Ø It possess excellent electrical insulating
Ø Alternating copolymers chains contain the
character and hence, it finds major use in making
monomer units are in alternate positions.
electrical goods.
Ex.3: Ethylene dichloride condenses with nA + nB →
sodium polysulphide to give a polymer called −A − B − A − B − A − B − A − B − A −
thiokol or Polysulphide rubber. Ex: Esters formed by diols and dioic acids
Ø Block copolymers chains contain lengthy two
n (Cl − CH 2 − CH 2 − Cl ) + n ( Na2 S 4 ) →
or more blocks of monomer units.
Ethylene dichloride polysulphide
nA + nB →
( −CH2 .CH2 − S − S − S − S −)n + 2nNaCl − (A − A − A − A ) − (B − B − B) − (A − A − A ) −
Thiokol sodium chloride Ø Graft copolymers contain mainly a
Ø Melamine - formaldehyde polymer homopolymer chain which consist of blocks or
Melamine formaldehyde polymer is formed by polymer chains of a different monomer.
the condensation polymerisation of melamine
nA + nB → − A − A − A − A − A − A − A − A − A −
and formaldehyde. | |
B B
| |
B B
| |
B B
| |

NATURAL RUBBER
Ø It is a natural polymer and possess remarkable
elasticity
Ø It is manufactured from rubber latex which is a
colloidal suspension of rubber in water and is
obtained by making incisions in the bark of
rubber trees.
Ø Latex is an emulsion of polyhydrocarbon
Ø It is used in the manufacture of unbreakable droplets in an aqueous solution (oil in water
crockery. emulsion). It consists of negatively charged
Copolymerization: If a mixture of more particles of rubber.
than one monomeric species is allowed to Ø The latex contains about 35% rubber. The rubber
polymerise, a co-polymer is formed and it present in the latex is coagulated by the addition
contains multiple units of each monomer used of CH3COOH or HCOOH
in the same polymeric chain. Ø This solid is crude rubber : This is refined by
Ø The co-polymer can be made not only by chain a) Break down i.e, masticating the raw rubber
growth polymerisation, but by step growth and
polymerisation also. b) Compounding i.e, addition of necessary
Ex : a mixture of 1, 3 – butadiene and styrene agents to the rubber.
called Buna -S can form a copolymer. Structure of Rubber: The empirical formula
Ø Co-polymers are further classified into four
of Natural rubber is C5H8
categories depending on the nature of the
Ø Natural rubber may be considered as a linear
different monomers in the chain.
1,4- additions polymer of isoprene.
Ø Random copolymers are formed by the random
Ø The residual double bonds are located between
arrangement of monomer units in the polymer
C2 and C3 of isoprene units in the polymer.
chain.
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Ø the position of double bonds are detected by Ø The allylic - CH2- group next to double bond is
ozonolysis. also very reactive and S- atoms gets attached at
Ø All these double bonds have cis configuration allylic sites.
and thus, rubber is cis 1,4 - polyisoprene. Thus, about 5% sulphur is used for making tyre
Ø X-ray studies carried out by Buna (1942) rubber, a 30% of it for making battery case
established that rubber is composed of long rubber and 40-45% of it for making ebonite.
chains of isoprene units arranged in cis form as
shown below:
Ø The trans form of rubber is called gutta
percha.The weight average molecular weight of

(M )
w
of rubber varies between 1,30,000 to
3,40,000.

Synthetic Rubber: The Polymers are

derived from butadiene derivatives and contain
carbon- carbon double bonds so that they can
also be vulcanized.
Ø Synthetic rubbers are either homopolymers of
1,3- butadiene derivatives or copolymers, of
which one of the monomers is 1,3-butadiene.
Ø Commonly used synthetic rubbers are Buna-S,
Vulcanization of Rubber: Natural rubber Buna-N, Neoprene and Butyl rubber.
becomes soft at high temperature (>335 K ) and Ex.1) Neoprene or polychloroprene is formed by the
brittle at low temperatures (<283 K) and shows free radical polymerization of chloroprene
high water absorption capacity. It is soluble in
non-polar solvents and is non-resistant to attack
by oxidising agents.
Ø Addition of sulphur to hot rubber causes changes
that improve its physical properties. This process Ex.2) Buna - S is obtained by the addition
is called Vulcanization. polymerization from 1, 3 - butadiene and styrene
Ø It was performed by heating a mixture of raw it is a copolymer
rubber and sulphur at 373 to 415 K. n [CH 2 = CH − CH = CH 2 ] +
Ø This process is slow and additives such as zinc n [C6 H 5 − CH = CH 2 ] →
oxide, zinc stearate etc., are used to accelerate
the rate of vulcanizaiton.
Ø The Vulcanized rubber has excellent elasticity,
low water- absorption tendency, resistance to
oxidation and organic solvents.
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Ex.3) 1,3-butadiene and acrylonitrile undergo co- C is concentration of polymer solution in gm/litre
polymerization to give Buna-N. This is used in π is Osmatic pressure in cms
making oil seals and tank linings. π
Differences between Natural and value at zero concentration
c
synthetic polymers π 
(infinite dilution) is  c 
 0
π 
Ø   value is calculated from the graph plotted
 c 0
π
between on y-axis and C on X-axis by
c
extrapolated technique. The graph is a striaght
RT
line with an intercept is on the Y-axis
Mn
(b) Weight average molecular mass ( M w )
When the total mass of groups of molecules
having different molecular masses are multiplied
with their respective molecular masses, the
products are added and the sum is divided by
the total mass of all the molecules, the result
obtained is called the mass or weight average
Determination of Molecular Mass of molecular mass.
Polymers: The Molecular mass of a polymers n

can be expressed in two ways. ∑N M i i

2

N1M12 + N2M22 + N3M32 +.... + Ni Mi2 i =1

Mw = = n
(a) Number average molecular mass ( M n ) N1M1 + N2M2 + N3M3 +.... + Ni Mi ∑N M
i =1
i i

(b) Weight average molecular mass ( M w )

N1 , N 2 , N3 are no. of molecules
(a) Number average molecular mass ( M n ) M1 , M 2 , M 3 are molecular masses
If N1 , N 2 , N3 ,.............. are the number of Ø Weight average molecular weight is determined
molecules with molecular masses by
1) Light scattering method
M1 , M 2 , M 3 ,.............. respectively, the
2) Ultra centrifuge method
number average molecular mass is 3) Viscosity mesurements
n Ex : In a polymer sample, 30% molecules have
∑N M i i a molecular mass 20,000, 40% have molecular
N M + N2M2 + .... + Ni Mi i =1
Mn = 1 1 = n mass 30,000 and rest have 60,000. Calculate
N1 + N2 + ....... + Ni ∑N i =1
i mass average and number average molecular
masses.
Ø M n is determined by ∑ N1M 1
1) End group analysis method Mn = ∑ N1
2) Colligative properties like osmotic pressure
30 × 20000 × 40 × 30000 + 30 × 60000
Ø Mn is related to osmatic pressure by the =
30 + 40 + 30
= 36000
equation 30 × (20000) 2 + 40 × (30000) 2 + 30 x(60000) 2
MW =
π  1 C  30 × 2000 + 40 × 30000 + 30 × 60000
  = RT . , or Mn =   RT
 0
C Mn  π 0 = 43333
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PDI : The ratio of mass average molecular mass
to the number of average molecular mass is
Mw and
called poly dispersity index (PDI) PDI =
Mn
Ø The value of PDI for polymers is in between 1 Monomer unit
& 1.5.
Ø For natural polymers, PDI is usually unity
(Natural polymers are mono dispersed)
(M w = M n )
Ø For synthetic polymers,PDI is greater than one
(M w > M n ) Polymer Unit
Ø It also undergoes degradation by bacteria
M n is measured on the basis of colligative
Ex.2: Polyglycolic acid and polylactic acid
properties. ( M n number average molecular
mass)
Ø The mass average molecular mass ‘ M w ’ is
measured with the help of ultra centrifugation,
sedimentation etc.
W.E-1:A polymer contains 10 molecules with
molecular mass 10,000 and 10 molecules with
molecular mass 1,00,000. Calculate number -
average molecular mass.
∑ Ni M i 10 × 10000 + 10 × 100000
Sol. M n = ∑ N = = 55,000
i 10 + 10
Lactic acid MF = C3H6O3
Biodegradable polymers: These are
polymers which are degraded by micro-
organism with in a suitable period so that the
polymers and their degrade products do not
cause any serious effects on the environment. Poly-Glycolic acid ( PGA ) Poly - lactic acid( PLA )
Biopolymers degrade mainly by enzymatic
They constitute commercially successful
hydrolysis and oxidation.
biodegradable polymers such as sutures (post
Ø These synthetic polymers mostly have
operative stiches).
functional groups which are normally present
Ex.3: Nylon-2-Nylon-6:· ( step growth polymer) It
in biopolymers and lipids.
is an alternating polyamide copolymer of glycine
Ex.1: Poly- β - Hydroxybutyrate-co- β - and amino caproicacid and is biodegradable.
Hydroxyvalerate (PHBV): NH2 -CH2 - COOH & NH2 - (CH2)5 - COOH
Ø It is a copolymer of 3-hydroxybutanoic acid and Glycine Aminocaproic acid
3-hydroxypentanoic acid, in which the monomer Ø A copolymer of polyglycolic acid and polylactic
units are connected by ester linkages. acid commercially know as dextron. It was the
Ø The properties of PHBV vary according to the first biodegradable polyester used for stiching
ratio of both the acids. 3-hydroxybutanoic acid of wounds after operation.
provides stiffness and 3-Hydroxypentanoic acid Ø Dynel is copolymer of vinylchloride an
imparts flexibility to the copolymer. It is used acrylonitrile and used for making human hair
in speciality packaging, orthopaeudic devices wigs.
and even in controlled drug release. Ø Buble gum contains Buna-S
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POLYMERS OF CHEMICAL IMPORTANCE

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12. Which of the following is an example of
LEVEL-I (C.W) addition polymerization?
1) Proteins 2) Teflon 3) Nylon -6,6 4) Glyptal
INTRODUCTION AND 13. Which of the following type of forces are
CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS present in Nylon- 6,6?
1. A high molecular weight molecule which does 1) Electro Static forces of attraction
not contain repeating structural units is 2) Hydrogen bonding
called a 3) Three dimensional network of bonds
1) Polymer 2) Macromolecule 4) Metallic bonding
3) Both 1 & 2 4) None of the above 14. In which polymerisation branching of chain
2. Which of the following is not a natural can not be possible?
polymer? 1) Free radical 2) Cationic
1) Proteins 2) Polysaccharides 3) Anionic 4) Anionic and Ziegler-Natta
15. Polymeristion in which two or more chemi-
3) Cotton 4) Phenol- formaldehyde resin
cally different monomers take part is called
3. Which of the following is synthetic polymer 1) Addition polymerization 2) Copolymerization
1) Starch 2) Cellulose 3) RNA 4) Terylene 3) Chain polymerization 4) Homopolymerization
4. Which of the following is an example of fibre 16. Terylene is :
polymer? (1) An addition polymer with a benzene ring in
1) Rubber 2) Nylon-6,6 3) PVC 4) Bakelite every repeating unit
5. Which of the following is an example of (2) A condensation polymer with a benzene ring
thermo plastic polymer? in every repeating unit
1) Bakelite 2) Polysiloxanes 3) PE 4) All (3) An addition polymer with two carbon atoms
6. The natural occurring polymer among the in every repeating unit
following is (4) A condensation polymer with two nitrogen
1) Rayon 2) Nylon -63) Dacron 4) Proteins atmos in every repeating unit
7. Which of the following is an example of 17. Which of the following has an ester linkage?
thermo setting polymer ? 1) Nylon-6,6 2) Dacron 3) PVC 4) Bakelite
1) Sealing Wax 2) Nylon -6,6 18. Which of the following type of linkage
3) PVC 4) Bakelite present in PHBV?
8. Which of the following is natural 1) amide 2) Ester 3) diene 4) nitrile
biopolymer? 19. Which of the following is not a polyamide
1) Bakelite 2) terylene 1) wool 2) leather
3) egg albumin 4) Nylon 3) Nylon 4) Natural rubber
20. Polymerization of iso butene is mostly
POLYMERIZATION PROCESS initiated by
9. Which among the following is a chain- 1) a cation 2) an anion
growth Polymer? 3) a free radical 4) a zwitter ion
1) Nylon 2) Bakelite 3) Terylene 4) Teflon 21. In which one of the following type of
10. Which among the following is a step- growth polymerization generally no initiator is
polymer? required
1) PTFE 2) PVC 3) Polyester 4) Polythene 1) Cation polymerization
11. Nylon-6, 6 is obtained by condensation 2) Anionic poymerization
3) Free radical polymerization
polymerization of
4) Condensation polymerization
1) Adipic acid and hexamethylene diamine 22. The catalyst used for the polymerization of
2) Phenol and formaldehyde olefins is
3) Terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol 1) Ziegler natta catalyst 2) Wilkinson’s catalyst
4) Sebacic acid and hexamethylene 3) pd-catalyst 4) Zeise’s salt catalyst

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23. Which one of the following types of monomers, 32. The synthetic polymer which resembles
mostly undergo cationic polymerization? natural rubber is
1) Vinyl monomers with electron donating group 1) Neoprene 2) Buna-S 3)Nylon 4) Rayon
2) Vinyl monomers with electron withdrawing 33. Buna-S is a copolymer of
group 1) Styrene and 1,3- butadiene
3) poly functional group monomers 2) Styrene and ethylene
4) Saturated hydrocarbons 3) 1,3- butadiene and ethylene
4) 1, 3 - butadiene and acrylonitrile
NATURAL & SYNTHETIC RUBBER
24. Which of the following type of forces are DETERMINATION OF MOLELCULAR
present in natural rubber ? WEIGHTS OF POLYMERS
1) Weakest intermolecular forces 34. The number average molecular mass and
2) Hydrogen bonding mass average molecular mass of a polymer
3) Three dimensional network of bonds are respectively 30,000 and 40,000. The PDI
4) Metallic bonding of the polymer is
25. The monomer of natural rubber is 1) < 1 2) >1 3) 1 4) 0
1) Butadiene 2) Chloreprene 35. If polystyrene ( a polymer) has 200 repeating
3) Isoprene 4) Butadiene and Styrene units, Its molecular mass is
26. The process involving heating of rubber with 1) 10000 2) 20800 3) 25000 4) 30600
sulphur is called 36. If N1 , N 2 , N 3 ...... N i are the number of
1) Galvanisation 2) Vulcanization molecules with molecular masses
3) Bessemerisation 4) Sulphonation
M 1 , M 2 , M 3 ......M i respectively then the
27. The tensile strength, elasticity and resistance
to abrasion can be incresed by a process weight average molecular mass ( M w ) is
called expressed as
1) Galvanisation 2) Vulcanization
3) Bessemerisation 4) Sulphonation ∑ N i M i2 ∑ Ni M i ∑ M i2 ∑ Ni M i
1) 2) ∑ N 3) 4) ∑ M
28. Vulcanization of natural rubber causes cross ∑ Ni M i i ∑ Ni i

linkage of cis 1,4-poly chains through bonds? 37. Number average molecular mass ( M n ) and
1) -s-s- 2) s = 0 weight average molecular mass ( M w ) of
synthetic polymers are related as
|
H − S − H 1) M n < M w 2) M n > M w
3) | ...... 4) Hydrogen
3) M n = M w 4) M n = M w
29. Ebonite is BIO-POLYMERS &
1) Natural rubber 2) synthetic rubber BIO DEGRADABLE POLYMERS
3) highly vulcanised rubber 4) poly propene 38. The biodegradable polymer, Nylon -2 -
30. The role of zinc stearate in the process of Nylon- 6 is formed by the condensation of
vulcanization is glycine and
1) to accelerate the process 1) acrylonitrile 2) amino caproic acid
2) to slow down the process 3) alanine 4) adipic acid
3) to stop the process 4) to initiate the process 39. Which of the following monomer in excess
31. Empirical formula and molecular formula of makes PHBV more flexible
monomer of natural rubber are respectively 1) β − hydroxy butanoic acid
1) C2 H 8 , C5 H 8 2) C5 H 8 ,(C5 H 8 ) n 2) α − hydroxy butanoic acid
3) C4 H 8 , (C4 H 6 )n 4) C5 H12 , (C5 H 8 )n 3) β − hydroxy pentanoic acid
4) α − hydroxy pentanoic acid
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40. Which of the following is used as life saving C) Graft 3) -A-B-A-A-A-B-
substance as blood plasma Copolymer B-A-B-A-A-
1) Cellulose 2) Teflon D) Alternating
3) Bakelite 4)Polyvinyl pyrrolidone −A− A− A− A − A − A − A − A − A − − − −
| |
41. The first polymer used as biodegradable B B
material is Copolymer 4) | |
B B
1) Dextrose 2) Dextrin 3) Dextron 4) Dacron
A B C D A B C D
COMMERCIALLY 1) 1 2 3 4 2) 2 4 3 1
IMPORTANT POLYMERS 3) 3 1 4 2 4) 2 4 3 1
42 Methanal and Phenol react in the presence 51. List - I List - II
of base to give : A) Natural Polymer 1) PVC
1) Bakelite 2) Polyethylene B) Synthetic Polymer 2) Nylon - 6,6
3) Dacron 4) Nylon - 6,6 C) Condensation polymer 3) Silk
43. Which of the following is used in making D) Addition polymer 4) Polyethylene
textiles and ropes A B C D A B C D
1) Dacron 2) Perlon - L 1) 2 3 4 1 2) 3 2 1 4
3) Rayon 4) Both 1 & 3 3) 3 4 2 1 4) 3 2 4 1
44. Which of the following is to prepare tyre 52. List - I List - II
cords A) Rayon 1)Cationic Polymerisation
B) Glass 2) Organic Polymers
1) Nylon-6 2)Silicone polymers
C) Polystyrene 3) Inorganic polymers
3) Plexi glass 4) All D) Poly isoprene 4Anionic polymerisation
45. Which of the following is used as a substitute A B C D A B C D
of glass 1) 2 3 4 1 2) 3 2 4 1
1) Glyptal 2) Urea formaldehyde resin 3) 2 1 3 4 4) 2 3 1 4
3) PMMA 4) All 53. List - I List - II
46. Which of the following is poor resistant to A) Rayon 1) CH 2O + C6 H 5OH
weather
1) Polyethene 2) Polystyrene B) Silicone polymers 2) F2C = CF2
3) PVC 4) All
R
47. Which of the following is resistant to petrol,
lubricating oils and organic solvents HO − Si −OH
1) Nitrile rubber 2) Buna - N C) Bakelite 3)
3) GRN 4) Any one R
48. Which of the following is extreme resistance D) Teflon 4) Cellulose
to abrasion A B C D A B C D
1) Nylon-6 2) Perlon - L 1) 4 3 1 2 2) 3 4 2 1
3) Dacron 4) Both 1 & 2 3) 4 2 3 1 4) 2 4 3 1
49. Which of the following is available in liquid, 54. List - I List - II
solid (or) gas phases as waxes (or) as rubbers A) PVC 1) CH 2 = CH 2
1) Artificial silk 2) Bakelite
3) Silicone polymers 4) All B) Polyethylene 2) C6 H 5 − CH = CH 2
MATCHING TYPE CH 2 = C| − CH = CH 2
C) Polystyrene 3)
50. List - I List - II Cl
A) Random 1) (A-A-A-A)- D) Neoprene 4) CH 2 = CH − Cl
Copolymer (B-B-B-B)-(A-A-A) A B C D A B C D
B) Block 2) -A-B-A-B-A 1) 4 1 3 2 2) 4 1 2 3
Copolymer 3) 4 2 1 3 4) 4 3 2 1
220 NARAYANAGROUP
JEE-MAIN-SR-CHEM-VOL-III POLYMERS
55. Match the following 63. Assertion (A) : The plants yield a milky
List-I List-II suspension of crude rubber called latex.
1) Urea formalde- a) (− NH − (CH 2 )5 − CO −) n Reason (R) : The latex contains about 85%
rubber
-hyde resin
64. (A) : A mixture of raw rubber and sulphur
2) Neoprene b) (− NH − (CH 2 )6 − NH −) n on heating at 373-415 K gives
 −CH 2 − C = CH − CH 2 −  vulcanised rubber
c)   (R) : ZnO decreases the rate of vulcanisation
|
3) PVC Cl 
 n of rubber
 −CH 2 − CH −  65. (A) : M n Value is always greater than M
4) Nylon-6 d)  |
 w
 Cl  value for synthetic polymers
 n
(R): M w = The mass average molecular
e) ( NH − CO − NH − CH 2 −) n
weight of polymer
The correct match is
66. (A) : For natural polymers PDI value is
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
always equal to unity.
1) e d c b 2) e c b d
3) a c d b 4) e c d a (R) : The ratio of M w and M n of a
ASSERTION’( A ) & ‘REASON’( R ) polymer is called PDI.
1) Both A and R are correct, and R is the correct LEVEL-I (C.W) - KEY
explanation of the A
2) Both A and R are correct, but R is not the 1) 2 2) 4 3) 4 4) 2 5) 3 6) 4 7) 4
correct explanation of theA 8) 3 9) 4 10) 3 11) 1 12) 2 13)2 14) 2
3) A is correct , but R is incorrect 15)2 16)2 17)2 18)2 19)4 20)1 21)4
4) A is incorrect, but R is correct
22)1 23)1 24) 1 25) 3 26) 2 27) 2 28) 1
56. A. Styrene is more reactive than propylene
towards cationic polymerization 29) 3 30) 1 31) 2 32) 1 33) 1 34) 2 35) 2
R. The carbocation resulting from styrene is 36) 1 37) 1 38) 3 39) 3 40) 4 41) 3 42) 1
more stable than that resulting from
43) 2 44) 1 45) 3 46) 2 47) 4 48) 4 49) 3
propylene
57. A. Natural rubber is all cis-polyisoprene 50) 3 51) 3 52)4 53) 1 54) 2 55) 4 56) 1
R. Trans - polyisoprene cannot be formed 57) 3 58) 2 59) 1 60) 1 61) 3 62) 2 63) 3
58. A. Polyvinyl alcohol is obtained by 64) 3 65) 4 66) 2
polymerization of vinyl alcohol
R. Polyvinyl alcohol is prepared by hydrolysis LEVEL-I (C.W) - KEY
of polyvinyl acetate 1. A macro molecule is a giant molecule which
59. A. PMMA is used for making lenses and light may (or) may not contain monomer units.
covers 2. Phenol formaldehyde polymer is a synthetic
R. It has excellent light transmission polymer.
properties 3. The rest are natural polymers.
60. A. Natural rubber is an elastomer 4. Nylon-6,6 has strong intermolecular forces like
R. The intermolecular forces of attraction hydrogen bonding
between the polymer chains are weak van der 5. Polymers in which intermolecular forces are
Walls’ forces. weak
61. A. Bakelite is a thermosetting polymer 6. Any polymer obtained from natural source
R. It can be melted again and again without 7. On heating in a mould become infusible and
any change form an insoluble hard mass
62. A. Teflon has high thermal stability and 8. The rest are synthetic.
chemical inertness. 9. Addition polymers are also called chain growth
R. Teflon is a thermoplastic polymers.
NARAYANAGROUP 221
 POLYMERS JEE-MAIN-SR-CHEM-VOL-III
39. PHBV is a copolymer of β − hydroxy butanoic
10. It is obtained by the condensation of bifunctional
monomers with elimination of water. acid and β − hydroxy pentanoic acid. β − hy-
11. Adipic acid and hexa methylene diamine droxy butanoic acid gives stiffness and β − hy-
12. Teflon is an addition polymer of tetra fluoro droxy pentanoic acid gives flexible.
ethylene 40. It is a substitute for blood plasma.
13. Hydrogen bonding is present in between 41. It is the first discovered polymer.
carbonyl and amino group
42. HCHO,C6H5OH are monomers.
16. Dacron
43. Nylon-6 was reffered as perlon-L also.
O 44. It is fibre.
17. Dacron has | linkage
−C− O − 45. It is a substitute for glass.
46. It is an unsaturated polymer.
O 47. It is very rigid and used to prepare fuel tanks.
18. PHBV has | linkage
−C− O − 48. They are fibrous.
19. Rubber don’t have amide group 49. Rest are only solids.
20. Alkene derivatives containing +I groups 50. Plexiglass is also called as methylmethacrylate
51. Terylene is condensation polymer
undergoes cationic polymerisation
63. Latex contains about 35% rubber
21. Condensation don’t requires initiation.
22. Ziegler natta catalyst 64. ZnO increases the rate of vulcanization
23. Vinyl monomers contain electron donating 65. For synthetic polymers M w > Mn
groups
24. In the structure of rubber there are no polar LEVEL-I (H.W)
subtituents.
CH 2 = C − CH = CH 2 INTRODUCTION AND
25. |
CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS
CH 3
1. Which among the following is a semi
26. Addition of sulphur to rubber to increase its synthetic polymer
elasticity is called vulcanization 1) Cellulose rayon 2) Acrylonitrile
27. Vulcanization 3) Cellulose nitrate 4) Both 1 & 3
28. Vulcanization involves – S – S – linkage 2. Linear polymer among the following is
29. Hage cross linking substance 1) Melamine 2) Starch
30. It is a catalyst for the vulcanization 3) Bakelite 4) Polyvinylchloride
3. Which among the following is a branched
31. 2-methyl 1, 3 buta diene has a formula C5 H 8 chain polymer.
32. Methyl group was replaced by – Cl 1) LDPE 2) Nylon
33. n[CH 2 = CH − CH = CH 2 ] + 3) Phenol formaldehyde resin 4) Terylene
4. Cross linked polymer among the following is
n[C6 H 5 − CH = CH 2 ] 1) Polythene 2) LDPE
34. PDI > 1 when mass average molecule mass 3) Melamine formaldehyde resin 4) Nylon 6,6
5. Elastomers among the following are
( M ) is greater than the number average
w 1) Buna-N 2) Buna-S 3) Neoprene 4) All
6. Inorganic polymer among the following is
molecular mass ( M )n 1) Rayon 2) Starch
35. Molecular weight of vinyl benzene is 104. 3) Silicone rubber 4) Natural rubber
7. Among the following, the weakest
∑ NiMi 2
interparticle forces of attraction are present
36. M w = in
∑ NiMi
1) Thermosetting polymers
37. M n < M w 2) Thermoplastic polymers
38. Glycine & amino caproic acids are monomers. 3) Fibres 4) Elastomers

222 NARAYANAGROUP
JEE-MAIN-SR-CHEM-VOL-III POLYMERS
POLYMERIZATION PROCESS 18. Extent of stiffness of vulcanized rubber
8. Which of the following is an example of co- depends upon
polymer ? 1) Temperature of vulcanization
1) PTFE 2) Perlon-L 3) Neoprene 4) PET 2) Time of vulcanization
9. Common monomer in melamine 3) Amount of sulphur 4) All of these
19. Which of the following is a synthetic rubber?
formaldehyde and Bakelite
1) Thiokol 2) SBR
1) Formaldehyde 2) Phenol 3) Polyurethane 4) All of these
3) Melamine 4) Ethylene glycol
DETERMINATION OF MOLECULAR
10. Which one of the following polymer can be
softened and hardened repeatedly on heating WEIGHTS OF POLYMERS
and cooling without change in its property ? 20. Select the incorrect statement :
1) for natural polymers, PDI is generally 1
1) Bakelite 2) Polysiloxane
2) for natural polymers are more homogenous
3) Urea formaldehyde resin 4) PVC than synthetic polymers
11. Low density polythene is prepared by 3) for synthetic polymers PDI is generally 1
1) Free radical polymerization 4) the polymers whose molecules have nearly
2) Cationic polymerization same molecular masses, PDI is 1
3) Anionic polymerization 21. In a polymer sample, 30% of molecules have
4) Ziegler-Natta polymerization a molecular mass of 20,000, 40% have 30,000
and the rest 60,000. What is the weight
12. Which of the following is incorrect
average molecular mass of the polymer?
1) Polyethylene contains double bonds 1) 40,300 2) 30,600 3) 43,333 4) 33,353
2) The monomer used to make teflon is C2F4 22. The abbreviation PDI refers to
3) Condensation polymers are also known as 1) poly density index
step growth polymers 2) poly dispersity index
3) planck’s disposal index
4) A denatured protein could have the same
4) poly diagonal index
primary structure as the active protein
23. PDI for natural polymers is generally close
13. The catalyst used for olefin polymerization to
is 1) zero 2) 100 3) 1 4) 10
1) Ziegler Natta catalyst 2) Wilkinson catalyst BIO-POLYMERS &
3) Raney nickel catalyst 4) Merrified resin
BIO DEGRADABLE POLYMERS
NATURAL & SYNTHETIC RUBBER 24. Drugs which are to be released in a controlled
14. What percentage of sulphur is used in the manner in the body are enclosed in capsules
vulcanization of rubber? made of the following polymer
1) 5% 2) 3% 3) 30% 4) 55% 1) PGA 2) PCL 3) PHBV 4) None of these
25. Which of the following is a polymer
15. The monomer of synthetic rubber is
containing nitrogen
1) Butadiene 2) Chloroprene 1) Terylene 2) Polythene 3) PVC 4) Nylon
3) 2-Methyl-1,2-butadiene 26. Polymer used in making capsules
4) 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene 1) Poly glycolic acid 2) Poly lactic acid
16. Rubber latex is which type of emulsion 3) Nylon-2-Nylon-6 4) PHBV
1) oil in oil 2) water in oil COMMERCIALLY
3) oil in water 4) solid in water
IMPORTANT POLYMERS
17. Catalytic hydrogenation of natural rubber
27. The monomer of the polymer which is used
gives
as a substitute for wool is
1) syn diotactic product 2) atactic product 1) styrene 2) tetrafluoroethene
3) isotactic product 4) none of these 3) chloroethene 4) prop-2-enenitrile
NARAYANAGROUP 223
 POLYMERS JEE-MAIN-SR-CHEM-VOL-III
28. A polymer commonly used for making
nonstick cookware is LEVEL-II (C.W)
1) SBR 2) Teflon 3) PVC
4) Poly ethyl acrylate INTRODUCTION AND
29. Nylon threads are made of CLASSIFICATION
1) Polyethylene polymer 2) Polyvinyl polymer 1. Which of the following fibre are made of poly
3) Polyester polymer 4) Polyamide polymer amides ?
30. Which one of the following cannot be used (1) Dacron (2) Orlon (3) Nylon (4) Rayon
as monomer in a polymerization reaction 2. Polyethene is a resin obtained by
1) C2 H 4 2) C2 H 2 3) C2 H 6 4) C4 H 6 polymerisation of
1) Butadiene 2) Ethylene
LEVEL-I (H.W) - KEY 3) Isoprene 4) Propylene
1) 4 2) 4 3) 1 4) 3 5) 4 6) 3 7) 4 3. Which of the following statement is correct
8)4 9)2 10) 4 11)1 12) 1 13) 1 14) 1 for linear polymers?
(1) Linear polymers may be condensation as well
15) 2 16) 3 17) 2 18) 3 19) 4 20) 3 21) 3
as addition polymers
22) 2 23) 3 24) 3 25) 4 26) 4 27) 4 28) 2
(2) Structure is well packed in nature
29) 4 30) 3 (3) Linear polymers have higher denisty, higher
mp and higher tensile strength
LEVEL-I (H.W) - HINTS
(4) All are correct
1 Cellulose acetate, cellophane, and viscos rayon
are all semi synthetic polymers. 4. What is not true about polymers?
3. LDPE is branched chain polymer (1) Polymers do not carry any charge
4. Melamine, Bakelite (2) Polymers have high viscosity
5. Buna-N, Buna-S, Neoprene (3) Polymers scatter light
6. Silicone rubber, glass (4) Polymers have low molecular weight
11. Free radical polymerisation
POLYMERISATION PROCESS
12. −(−CH 2 − CH 2 −) n −
5. Which of the following structures represents
16. Oil in water. terylene
17. Since in natural rubber methyl groups are
randomly oriented, therefore, in the  O 
 || 
hydrogenation, they are randomly oriented and − C − NH − (CH 2 )5 − 
hence atactic polymer results. 1.  
 n
18. Amount of sulphur
Mw  O O 
21. P.D.I = >1
Mn  || || 
−OCH − CH − O − C − C H − C −
2)  2 2 6 4
30(20000) 2 + 40(30000)2 + 30(60000) 2  
Mw =  n
(30 × 20000) + (40 × 30000) + (30 × 60000)
22. Poly dispersity index  
23. 1 i.e. M n = M w  
 −CH2 −CH = CH = CH2 −C−CH2 −
3)
27. CH 2 = CH − CN  || 
 O n
29. Polyamide polymer
4)
30. C2 H 6 (ethane) (−CH2 −CH = CH −CH2 −)n
224 NARAYANAGROUP
JEE-MAIN-SR-CHEM-VOL-III POLYMERS
6. Which of the following structures represent 11. Natural rubber is a
Nylon-6,6 ? 1) Polydiyne 2) Polyamide 3) Polyester 4) Polydiene

 O  COMMERCIALLY
 ||  IMPORTANT POLYMERS
 − C − N H − (C H 2 )5 −
1)   12. Synthetic hair wigs are made from a
 n copolymer of vinyl chloride and acrylonitirile,
and is called
 O O 
 || || 
1) PVC 2) Dynel
2)  − O C H 2 − C H 2 − O − C − C 6 H 4 − C −  3) Polyacrylonitrile 4) Cellulose
 n
13. Plexiglass is a polymer of
3) (− NH − (CH 2 )6 − NH − CO − (CH 2 )4 CO − )n 1) Acrylic acid 2) Methylacrylate
3) Methylmethacrylate 4) Methylpropacrylate
 
 
4)  − C H 2 − C H = C H − C H 2 − C H − C H −
2  LEVEL-II (C.W) - KEY
 | 
 C6 H 5 n 1) 3 2) 2 3) 4 4) 4 5) 2 6) 3 7) 3
7. Arrange (I) CH 2 = CH − CH 3 8) 4 9) 1 10) 4 11) 4 12) 2 13) 3
(II) CH 2 = CH − C6 H 5 and LEVEL-II (C.W) - HINTS
(III) CH 2 = CH − Cl in increasing order of 1. Nylon contains amide linkages
cationic polymerization is 2. n(CH2 =CH2 ) Polym
 
erization
( CH2 −CH2 −)n
→−
1) III < II < I 2) I < II < III
3) III < I < II 4) II < I < III 4. Polymers have high molecular weight
8. Free radical polymerization occurs at a 5. It is from glycol and terephthalic acid.
highest rate in case of 6. It is from hexamethylene diamine and adipic
1) CH 3 − CH = CH 2 acid.
7. The case of cationic polymerisation follows the
CH 3 − C = CH 2 stability order of intermediate carbocation.
| 8. The case of cationic polymerisation follows the
2) stability order of intermediate freeradical
CH 3
9. 4-oxopentanal
10. Is making automobiles tyres and foot wear
CH 2 = CH 11. Natural rubber is a polymer of isoprene
3) | 12. Dynel is a co-pomer of vinyl chloride and
CN aceylonitrile
13. PMMA is substitute for glass
4) C6 H 5 − CH = CH 2
LEVEL-II (H.W)
NATURAL & SYNTHETIC RUBBER
9. Natural rubber on ozonolysis gives INTRODUCTION AND CLASSIFICATION
1) 4-oxopentanal 2) 3-oxopentanal 1. Statement I : The order of extent of attractive
3) Hexane-2, 5-diene 4) Pentanedial forces between monomers is fibres >
10. Wrong statement about the polymer thermoplastic polymers > elastomers
BuNa-S is Statement II : Thermoplastic polymers
1) ‘Bu’ stands for 1,3-butadiene become soft on heating.
2) ‘Na’ stands for sodium (catalyst) Statement III : Thermosetting polymers
3) ‘S’ stands for styrene become hard on heating
4) It is used in manufacture of hoses (Flexible Correct statement is / are
pipe) 1) All 2) Only II 3) Only I, III 4) Only I
NARAYANAGROUP 225
 POLYMERS JEE-MAIN-SR-CHEM-VOL-III
2. Which of the following polymer is hard? 11. Which of the following statements is not true
1) Linear 2) Cross-linked about high density polythene?
3) Branched-chain 4) Thermoplastic 1) prepared by Ziegler-Natta polymerization
3. Thermoplastics are 2) is a thermoplastic
1) linear polymers 3) is a transparent
2) soften or melt on heating 4) has linear structure
3) molten polymer can be moulded in desired 12. Given the polymers : A = Nylon ; B = Buna -
shape S ; C = polythene. Arrange these in increasing
4) all the correct order of their intermolecular forces (lower
4. Thermosetting polymers are to highter)
1) cross-linked polymers 1) A > B > C 2) B > C > A
2) do not melt or soften on heating 3) B < C < A 4) C < A < B
3) cross-linking occurs during heating when it NATURAL & SYNTHETIC RUBBER
hardens irreversibly 13. Which of the following polymer has the
4) all the correct emperical formula identical with that of it
POLYMERISATION PROCESS monomer
5. Initiators that can be used in cationic 1) Teflon 2) Nylon - 6, 6
polymerization is /are 3) Dacron 4) Bakelite
1) KNH2 2) H2SO4 14. Natural rubber is a polymer of
3) BF3 with little amount of H2O 1) CH 2 = CH − CH = CH 2
4) t-butyl peroxide
CH 3
The correct answer is 2) |

1) All are correct 2) only 1 CH 2 = CH − C = CH 2

3) only 2 and 3 4) only 1 and 4
CH 3 CH 3
6. Initiators that can be used in anionic 3) | |

polymerisation is / are CH 2 = C − C = CH 2
a) Potassium amide b) n-buthyl lithium 4) CH = CH − CH − CH
2 2 2
c) AlCl3 d) H 2 SO4 15. The monomer used to produce neoprene is
1) only a 2) only a and b
3) only c and d 4) all
7. Benzoyl peroxide has a role in the following
type of addition polymerization? COMMERCIALLY
1) Cationic 2) Anionic IMPORTANT POLYMERS
3) Free-radical 4) None of these
16. The polymer used in the manufacture of
8. Number of steps in free radical
electrical goods such as switches, plugs etc is
polymerisation process
1) Polythene 2) Bakelite
1) four 2) three 3) two 4) one
3) Neoprene 4) PHBV
9. Number of nitrogen atoms present in
melamine is x. The number of -imine and - 17. When acetylene passed through red hot Fe
amine groups is y and z. x, y and z are tube hybridization of C changes from -- to --
respectively 1) sp 3 , sp 2 2) sp, sp 2 3) sp, sp 3 d 4) sp 2 , sp
1) 3, 1, 2 2) 6, 1, 3 3) 6, 3, 3 4) 6, 3, 1
10. Which of the following alkenes is most LEVEL-II (H.W) - KEY
reactive towards cationic polymerization? 1) 1 2) 2 3) 4 4) 4 5)3 6) 2 7) 3
1) CH 2 = CHCH 3 2) H 2C = CHCl 8) 2 9) 3 10) 3 11) 3 12) 3 13) 1 14) 2
3) H 2C = CHC6 H 5 4) H 2C = CHCO2CH 3 15) 1 16)2 17) 2
226 NARAYANAGROUP
JEE-MAIN-SR-CHEM-VOL-III POLYMERS
LEVEL-II (H.W) - HINTS 4. Which one of the following is not a
3. All are thermoplastics biopolymer? [M-2011]
4. All are thermo setting polymers 1) DNA 2) Cellulose 3) Nylon-6 4) Insulin
5. If the number average molecular weight and
5. H 2 SO4 & BF3 with little amount of H 2O
weight average molecular weight of a
6. Amide and N-butyl lithium polymer are 40,000 and 60,000 respectively,
8. there 1) chain initiation the polydispersity index of the polymer will
2) chain propagation be [E -2010]
3) chain termination 1) > 1 2) < 1 3) 1 4) zero
9. No. of hydrogen atoms six 6. 1, 3-Butadiene and styrene on polymerisation
No. of imine groups three give : [M-2010]
No. of amine groups three 1) Bakelite 2) Terylene 3) Buna-S 4) Teflon
10. In cationic polymerisation carbocations are 7. If Mw is the weight - average molecular weight
formed. Stability of carbocation increases and Mn is the number, the poly dispersity index
reactivity increases. (PDI) of the polymer is given by [E-2008]
11. HDP is a trans lucent polymer
12. Fibers have the strongest and elastomers have Mn Mw 1
1) 2) 3) M w × M n 4)
the weakest forces of attraction. Thus option (C) Mw Mn Mw ×Mn
is correct B (Buna-S) < C(poly thene) < A(nylon) 8. Natural rubber is a polymer of [M-2008]
CH 3 CH 3
14. CH = CH − C| = CH 1) CH 2 = CH − CH = CH 2 2) CH = CH − C| = CH
2 2 2 2

15. Chloroprene CH 3 CH 3
3) CH = C| − C| = CH 4) CH 2 − CH − CH 2 − CH 3
CH 2 = CH − C = CH 2 2 2
|
Cl 9. Identify the copolymer in the following
16. Bakelite (−CH2 −C =CH −CH2 −)n ( − CH 2 − CH )n
red 1) 2)
17. 3C2 H 2 hot tube C6 H 6 Cl Cl

(CH 2 − CH = CH 2 − CH − CH 2 )
n
sp sp 2 3) 4) (CF2 − CF2 )n
C6 H 5
PREVIOUS EAMCET QUESTIONS
1. Example of a biodegradable polymer pair is PREVIOUS EAMCET - KEY
[E-2013] 1) 2 2) 2 3) 2 4) 3 5) 1 6) 3 7) 2
1) Nylon - 6, 6 and terylene 8) 2 9) 3
2) PHBV and dextron
3) Bakelite and PVC 4) PET and polyethylene
PREVIOUS EAMCET - HINTS
2. Identify the pair of condensation polymers 1. Biodegradeble polymers examples PHBV, and
from the following : [M-2013] Dextron
1) Neoprene and PVP 3. Monomer of a neoprene is 2-chloro 1,3
2) Terylene and Nylon-6, 6 butadiene.
3) PVC and polystyrene 4. Nylon-6 is not a biopolymer.
4) Polyvinylether and polyisobutene 6. 1, 3 - butadiene and styrene on polymerisation
3. The monomer of neoprene is [E-2012] give Buna - S
1) 1, 3-Butadiene (M w )
2) 2-Chloro-1, 3-butadiene 7. PDI = ( M )
n

3) 2-Methyl-1, 3-butadiene CH 3
4) Vinyl chloride 8. Natural rubber is a polymer of CH |
= CH − C = CH 2
2

NARAYANAGROUP 227
 POLYMERS JEE-MAIN-SR-CHEM-VOL-III
9. Which of the following is currently used as a
LEVEL-III tyre cord
POLYMERISATION PROCESS 1) Terylene 2) Polyethylene 3) Bakelite 4) Nylon-6
1. Formation of polyethylene from calcium 10. Common monomer present in glyptal and
carbide tereylene is
CaC2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + C2H2 1) Ethylene glycol 2) Pathalicacid
C2H2 + H2 → C2H4 ; nC2H4 → ( -CH2-CH2-)n 3) Phenol 4) Formaldelyde
The amount of polyethylene obtained from 11. Acetate rayon is prepared from
64.1 kg of CaC2 is 1) Acetic acid 2) Glycerol 3) Starch 4) Cellulose
1) 7 kg 2) 14 kg 3) 21 kg 4) 28 kg 12. Non-stick cookwares generally have a coating
2. Nylon threads are made of of a polymer, whose monomer is following
1) Polyethylene polymer 2) Polyvinyl polymer organic compound
3) Polyester polymer 4) Polyamide polymer 1) CH 2 = CH 2 2) CH 2 = CHCN
3. The ratio between the number of carbon
3) CH 2 = CHCl 4) CF2 = CF2
atoms and nitrogen atoms in melamine
molecule is 13. In the determination of M n by osmotic
1) 1 : 2 2) 2: 1 3) 2 : 3 4) 3 : 2
4. Which of the following alkenes is least
π
pressure experiment; along Y-axis, ‘C’
reactive towards anionic polymerization? C
along X - axis graph, Y intercept is equal to
1) H 2C = CHCH 3 2) H 2C = CF2
3 × 10−4 atm/gm/lit at 27 0 C . Number average
3) H 2C = CHCN 4) H 2C = CHC6 H 5 molecular weight of the polymer is
NATURAL& SYNTHETIC RUBBER 1) 8210 2) 8,21,000 3) 82,10,000 4) 82,100
5. Natural rubber and gutta - percha LEVEL-III - KEY
respectively are
1) Cis - Polyisoprene and trans - polyisoprene 1) 4 2) 4 3) 1 4) 1 5) 1 6)2 7) 1
2) Both are cis-polyisoprene 8) 3 9) 4 10) 1 11) 4 12) 4 13) 4
3) Both are trans - polyisoprene LEVEL-III - HINTS
4) trans - polychloroprene and cis-polychloroprene 1. 1 mole CaC2 → 1 mole C2H4
6. Bubble gum contains 64 kg of CaC2 → 28 kg of C2H4
1) thiokol rubber 2. Nylon is a polyamide polymer
2) styrene-butadiene rubber 3. No. of carbons = 3 ; No. of nitrogens = 6
3) isobutylene-isoprene rubber ratio = 3 : 6 = 1: 2
4) acrylonitrile - butadiene rubber 4. In anionic polymerization, carbanions are the
BIO-POLYMERS & intermediates. Greater the stability of the
BIO-DEGRADEBLE POLYMERS carbanion, more reactive in the alkene. Since
7. Which of the following monomer will make the stability of the carbanions decreases in the
PHBV more tougher order.
1) β - hydroxy butyric acid H 2 N − CH 2 − −CHCN > H 2 N − CH 2 − −CF2 >

2) β - hydroxy velaric acid H 2 N − CH 2 − −CHC6 H 5 > H 2 NCH 2 − CHCH 3 ,

3) Glycine 4) Lactic acid the reactivity decreases in the same order. Thus,
COMMERCIALLY H 2C = CHCH 3 is least reactive.
IMPORTANT POLYMERS 5. Natural rubber is cis form and gutta percha is
8. Soft drinks and baby feeding bottles are trans form
generally made up of 6. Bubble gum contains styrene - buta diene rubber
1) Polyester 2) Polyurethane 7. 3-hydroxy butanoic acid ( β - hydroxy butyric
3) Polystyrene 4) Polyamide acid) import toughness to PHBV
228 NARAYANAGROUP
JEE-MAIN-SR-CHEM-VOL-III POLYMERS
10. glyptal = ethylene glycol + phthalic acid 4. Nylon 6,6 has amide linkage capable of forming
Terylene = ethylene glycol + terephthalicacid hydrogen bonding.
11. Acetate rayon is one type of rayon obtined form 6. Lewis acids are the most common compounds
cellulose. used for initiation of cationic polymerisation.
12. Teflon
The more popular Lewis acids are SnCl4 ,
π RT 0.0821× 300
13. C = M = AlCl3 , BF3 and TiCl4
n 3 × 10 −4
PREVIOUS MAIN QUESTIONS LEVEL-IV
1. Bakelite is obtained from phenol by reacting
with [2008] INTRODUCTION & CLASSIFICATION
1) (CH 2OH ) 2 2) CH 3CHO 3) CH 3COCH 3 4) HCHO 1. Arrange the following in the increasing order
2. Among the following substituted silanes the of their intermolecular forces
one which will give rise to cross linked silicone a) Nylon-6,6 b) Buna-S c) Polythene
polymer on hydrolysis is [2008] 1) a<b<c 2) b<a<c 3) b<c<a 4) a=b=c
1) R4 Si 2) RSiCl 3) R2 SiCl2 4) R3 SiCl 2. Arrange the following in the increasing order
3. Buna-N synthetic rubber is a copolymer of [2009] of their intermolecular forces
1) H 2C = CH − CH = CH 2 and H 5C6 − CH = CH 2 a) Nylon-6 b) Neoprene c) Polyvinyl chloride
2) H 2C = CH − CN and H 2C = CH − CHCH 2 1) b<c<a 2) a<b<c 3) a<c<b 4) a=b=c
H 2C = CH − C = CH 2 POLYMERISATION PROCESS
|
3) H 2C = CH − CN and CH 3
3. he IUPAC name of aromatic monomer
present in melamac is
4) All 1) 2, 4, 6- triamino - 1, 3, 5 - triazine 2) Methanal
4. The polymer containing strong intermolecular 3) 1, 3, 5 - triamine - 2, 4, 6 triazine 4) Melamine
forces e.g hydrogen bonding, is [2010] Pyrolysis
1) teflon 2) nylon 6,6
4. CH 3 − CH 3    →A
3) polystyrene 4) natural rubber
5. Thermosetting polymer, Bakelite is formed
by the reaction of phenol with [2011]
1) CH 3CHO 2) HCHO
3) HCOOH 4) CH 3CH 2CHO
6. The species which can best serve as an initiator Here B & C respectively are
for the cationic polymerization is [2012] 1) L. D.P.E, H.D.P.E 2) H.D.P.E, L.D.P.E
1) LiAlH 4 2) HNO3 3) AlCl3 4) BaLi 3) L.D.P.E, L.D.P.E 4) H.D.P.E, H.D.P.E
5. In the above reaction ‘B’ is formed by
PREVIOUS MAIN - KEY 1) Free radical substitution mechanism
1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 2 5) 2 6) 3 2) Free radical addition mechanism
3) Elctrophilic addition mechanism
PREVIOUS MAIN - HINTS 4) Electrophilic substitution mechanism
1. Bakelite is formed by the reaction of 6. Bayer ' s reagent
CH 2 = CH 2  →A
formaldehyde (HCHO) and phenol.
2. The cross linked polymers will be formed by
RSiCl3
3. Buna - N is a copolymer of butadiene
(CH 2 = CH − CH = CH 2 ) and acrylonitrile
(CH 2 = CHCN ) . Here ‘C’ is
1) Glyptal 2) Dacron 3) Nylon-6, 6 4) Nylon 6
NARAYANAGROUP 229
 POLYMERS JEE-MAIN-SR-CHEM-VOL-III
13. The three dimensional molecules with cross
NATURAL RUBBER
links are formed in case of
7. The IUPAC name of the compound formed
1) Thermo plastics 2) Thermo setting plastics
when natural rubber is subjected to
3) Both 1& 2 4) None
ozonolysis is
14. The name of monomers present in the
1) 3-oxopentanal 2) 5- formyl -2-pentanone
3) 4- oxo- pentanal 4) 4-formyl - 2-pentanone
following polymer

COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT POLYMERS

8. Which of the following is not correctly
matched
1) Caprolactam 2) Methyl methacrylate
 −CH 2 − C = CH − CH 2 − 
  3) Hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid
 | 
1) neoprene : 4) Tetrafluoroethene
 Cl  n
15. Which one is classified as condensation
 O  polymer
 
2) Nylon - 6,6 ;  ||  1) Teflon 2) Acrylonitrile 3) Dacron 4) Neoprene
 − NH (CH ) − NH − CO − (CH ) − C 
 2 6 2 4 n
LEVEL-IV - KEY
1) 3 2) 1 3) 1 4) 1 5) 2 6) 2 7) 3
3) Terylene ; 8) 3 9) 3 10) 1 11) 1 12) 1 13) 2 14) 1
15) 3
 
 
 CH 3  LEVEL-IV - KEY
 |  2. Hydrogen bonds present in Nylon. Where as
 
 −CH − C −  weak vander wall forces present in propene.
4) PMMA ; 
2

|
  3. IUPAC name of vinyl cyanide is prop - 2-
 COOCH 3  n enenitrile
9. The number of π -bonds present in the 4. In the presence of peroxides reaction takes place
monomer of polyacrylonitrile through free radical mechanism
1) 2 2) 1 3) 3 4) 4
10. The ratio between the π - bonds in the
monomers of vinylpyrrolidone and perlon-L
respectively
6. ;
1) 2 : 1 2) 1 : 2 3) 3: 2 4) 2 : 3
11. a. Caprolactam Hydrolysis
→A
b. A + Glycine 
→ B ( Polymer )
C = Dacron
Here B is 9. Vinyl cyanide → CH2 = CH - C ≡ N
I) Condensation polymer II) Addition polymer No. of π bonds = 1 + 2 = 3
III) Polyamide polymer IV) Polyester polymer
V) Biodegradable polymer
1) I, III, V are corect 2) II, IV are correct
3) II, III, IV are correct 4) II, IV, V are correct
10.

12. Is is a
No. of π bonds ratio = 2 :1
1) Homopolymer 2) Co-polymer 11. A=Amino caporic acid; B=Nylon-2-Nylon-6
3) Biodegradable co-polymer 12. Polystyrene is a homopolymer
4) Biodegradable homopolymer 14. Coprolactam is monomer of Nylon - 6
230 NARAYANAGROUP