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Josephson Effect and Squid

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Ankan Das Roy
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31 views11 pages

Josephson Effect and Squid

Uploaded by

Ankan Das Roy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JOSEPHSON EFFECT

AND SQUID
MOHIT
Discovered in 1962

BRIAN
Discovered by JOSEPHSON

It is the flow of electric


What is Josephson current between two
Effect ? superconductors
separated by a thin
insulating layer

SPS(JNU),NEW DELHI 4/23/2022 2


What is a Josephson Junction
A Josephson junction is made by
sandwiching a thin layer of insulating
material between two layers of
superconducting materials

SPS(JNU),NEW DELHI 4/23/2022 3


DC Josephson Effect
If a constant current is made to
flow through a Josephson
junction, no voltage drop occurs
as long as the current is below its
critical value.
This is known as DC Josephson
effect.

SPS(JNU),NEW DELHI 4/23/2022 4


AC Josephson Effect
If a small potential difference is applied
to a Josephson junction, a small
oscillating current starts flowing through
the junction with a frequency.
2𝑒𝑉
𝑓= V is constant and phase will
ℎ vary linearly with time and
This is known as AC Josephson effect current we get will be
sinusoidal

SPS(JNU),NEW DELHI 4/23/2022 5


SQUID

SUPERCONDUCTING
QUANTUM Invented in the
INTERFERENCE year 1964
DEVICE

SPS(JNU),NEW DELHI 4/23/2022 6


What is a squid

It is a very sensitive
magnetometer used to
measure extremely subtle
magnetic fields, based on
superconducting loops
containing Josephson junction

It is made of two
Josephson junctions
connected in parallel
SPS(JNU),NEW DELHI 4/23/2022 7
Working of squid
When applied magnetic field
changes, there is a phase change at
the junction and this leads to
alternating current

SPS(JNU),NEW DELHI 4/23/2022 8


When a magnetic field is progressively
applied to squid, the voltage of squid is
periodic

If this variation is measured, small


changes in magnetic field can be
determined

Changes as small as 10−5


Tesla can be determined

SPS(JNU),NEW DELHI 4/23/2022 9


Applications
◦ Oil exploration system
◦ Squid as a magnetic sensor
◦ Medical industry detect neuro activities
◦ Detect very low values of earths magnetic field

SPS(JNU),NEW DELHI 4/23/2022 10


4/23/2022

THANK YOU
SPS(JNU),NEW DELHI 11

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