MODULE 7 Organic Chemistry Questions Module 7: Organic Chemistry Multiple-choice questions: 1 mark each 1, Butan-I-ol buns in oxygen according to the following equation CyH OHM + 603g) + 4CO,(g) + SH,O()) How many moles of carbon dioxide would form if two moles of butan-1-ol were burt in excess oxygen? (A) 2 @) 4 © 8 @) 10 2013 HSC 4 2. The table shows the enthalpy of for four compounds. Compound buhay pfeenbon co 233 CH, 890 CH, 1300 CoH 1560 Which of these compounds would produce the greatest amount of energy if 1.00 g of each is burnt? (A) CO (B) CH, © Gi ©) Gl, Adopted 2013 HSC Q11 LAB STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ&A © Odlun & Garner3 6. MODULE? ~ Organic Chemistry Which of the following industrial processes is used to produce ethanol from ethylene? (A) Hydration (B) Dehydration (C) Addition polymerisation (D) Condensation polymerisation, 2011 ASCO! Which of the following shows two products that result from the fermentation of glucose? (A) Cellulose and water (B) Ethanol and oxygen (©) Carbon dioxide and water (D) Ethanol and carbon dioxide 2011 HSC Q2 Which property would be most useful in distinguishing between butan-I-ol and propan-I-ol? (A) Boiling point (B) Colour (©) Conductivity (D) Density 2011 HSCO6 ‘What is the systematic name of the molecule shown? ° Hyc—ca—c¥ O—CH,—CH,—CH,-~CH. (A) Butyl butanoate (B)_Propyl butanoate (©) Butyl propanoate (D) _Propy! propanoate 2011 HSC 08 © Odum & Gamer ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Post WSCQ&A 119MODULE 7 Organic Chemistry cA 8. H, || x || polymer Which of the following compounds is represented by X in the flowchart?” (A) Cellulose (B) Ethanol (C) Glucose. ©) Styrene 2012 HSCQ2 ‘What is the correct IUPAC name for the following compound? | ae H H H H (A) 2-chloro-3-fluorobutane (B) 2-fluoro-3-chlorobutane (C) 3-fluoro-2-chlorobutane (D) 3-chloro-2-fluorobutane Adapted 2012 HSC Q12 A potion of a resin made from acrylic acid (CH,==CHCOOH) is shown. Ox 0H ae | CH, — CH— CH, — CH a ‘Which type of reaction results in the formation of this polymer? (A) Addition (B) Condensation (©) Dehydration (D) Esterification 2013 HSC OS 120 ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ& A © Odlum & Garner10. u. MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry ‘The structural formula of 1-butanol is given below q HH H tid H—C—C—C—C—OH Ito tot HH HH An isomer of this compound is (@) HH H OH Ho—¢—¢—¢—¢—on HHH a ®) H H Ho—¢—¢—c_—t_a had © H H H HOatcHele aEciEly HCH H H @) HH H . oo hon a Which of the following is a balanced equation representing the fermentation of glucose? (A) CoH 2Og(aq) > 2C;H,03(ag) (B) CqH,0,(aq) > 2C,H,OH(ag) + 2CO,(g) (C) CoH, Og(ag) + 60,(g) > 6CO,(g) + 6H,0() D) CgH,,O,(ag) + 30,(g) > CH,OH(ag) + 4CO,(¢) + 3H,001) 2012 HSC OS © datum & Garner STRIVE Chemistry 12 » Past HSCQA 124MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry 12. ‘What is the structure of the polymer most likely to have been used in the manufacture of the cup shown? a : H H H H H i i i i i i c ce i 84 1 1 i i i I L oH H H H H dn ®_ i H H H H i i i i i i i Cc Cc c & I [ Oo : Oo L dn (oye ‘ cl H ca H cl { i i 1 i 1 ie ced { i i i 1 1 L H H dn ©. HOH 4 fe GHOH c—o. o aA Se a Kk NS 1H OH H ‘of Ne H v i = at JL No’ Zo Naa a ‘\ hoon Gyou hood, 2013 HSC QI3 122 STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ.BA © Odlum & Garner13. 14. 15, 16. ‘MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry The enthalpy of combustion of propan-1-ol is 2021 kJ mot, Combustion takes place according to the equation: 2C,H,OH() + 90,(g) > 6CO,(g) + 8H,O(1) ‘What mass of water is formed when 1530 kJ of energy is released? (A) ) © © 34g l4g 55g 144g Adapted 2012 HSC Q17 Which of these substances can be oxidised to produce propanoic acid’? (A) (B) © () 2-propanol propanone 1-butanol L-butene 2000 118 O13 2-Butanol is heated under reflux with acidified potassium dichromate solution. What is the major organic product? “| 8) © @) butanal butyl butanoate butanone butanoic acid 1999 HSC Q9 Which of these groups of organic substances is listed in decreasing order for melting and boiling points? (A) (B) © @) Ethanol, ethanoic acid, flurocthane, ethane Ethanoie acid, ethanol, fluoroethane, ethane Ethanoic acid, ethanol, ethane, fluoroethane Ethane, fluroethane, ethanol, ethanoic acid ‘© Odum & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 Post HSCQ&A 123MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry 17. 18. 19. 20. a. Which compound can form when bromine water reacts with propene? (A) L-bromopropane (B) 2-bromopropane (©) 1,L-dibromopropane (D) 1,2-dibromopropane 2011 HSC QI How many isomers are there for C,H,BrC1? (A) 3 ®) 4 © 5 ) 6 2011 HSC QI ‘The enthalpy of combusion of pentan-I-ol is 2800 kJ mol-', A quantity of pentan-1-ol was combusted, generating 108 kJ of heat. ‘What mass of pentan-I-ol was combusted? (A) 229g B) 286g (©) 332g (D) 340g Adapted 2031 HSCQI7 ‘What is the specific heat of « compound? (A) The quantity of heat required to boil 1 g of the compound (B) The quantity of heat required to melt 1 g of the compound (C) The quantity of heat required to increase the temperature of the compound by 1°C (D) The quantity of heat required to increase the temperature of 1 g of the compound ein 2008 HSC OS Ethene may be converted into poly(ethene). What type of reaction is this? (A) Condensation (B) Hydrolysis (C) Oxidation/reduction (D) Polymetisation 2001 HSC OF 24 STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ.BA (© Odlum & Garner22. 23. 24, MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry ‘The diagram shows the structural formula of a gas with the molecular formula C,H,F;. How many isomers are there with this molecular formula? “mt ®) 2 © 3 (D) 4 Adapted 2010 HSC Q4 The diagram shows a section of a polymer H Whaat is the systematic name of the monomer? (A) Polybenzene (B) Benzylethene (©) Ethylbenzene (D) Ethenylbenzene 2010 HSC 06 ‘The molar enthalpy of combustion of ethanol is 1367 kJ mot", What quantity of ethanol must be combusted to raise the temperature of 1.0 kg water from 50°C to boiling point at sea level (assuming no loss of heat to the surroundings)? (A) 65g @) 70g (C) 209g (D) 300g 2008 HSC Q10 © Odlum & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ&A 125MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry 25. 26, 21. Water is released during a polymerisation reaction. Which monomer is likely to have been involved in the reaction? (A) Ethene (B) Glucose (©) Styrene (D) Vinyl chloride 2010 HSCOH ‘What is the IUPAC systematic name for the compound whose structure is given below? gs Cl — CH, ~ CH — CH — CH CH, oH (A) 1 -chloro-2,3-dimethylbutane (B) 1-chloro-2-methyl-3-ethylbutane (©) 1-chloro-2-ethyl-3-methylpentane (D) _1-chloro-2,3-dimethylpentane 1998 HSC Q12 A student completed an experiment to determine the amount of energy absorbed by a volume of water, ‘The following data were recorded. Mass of beaker 215.6 g Mass of beaker plus water 336.1 g Final temperature of water 710°C Energy absorbed 212K ‘What was the initial temperature of the water? (a) 1s°c B) 25°C (C) 29°C @) 42°C 2010 48C O17 126 STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ&A © Odlum & Garner28, 29. 30, MODULE 7~ Organic Chemistry An organic liquid, when reacted with concentrated sulfuric acid, produces a compound that decolourises bromine water. What is the formula of the organic liquid? (A) Cy, B) CH, (©) C,H,,0H (D) C,H,,coon 2010 HSC OI The apparatus shown is used in a first-hand investigation to determine and compare the heat of combustion of three different liquid alkanols. + Thermometer Beaker of water =<— Gauze mat ‘Tripod Spirit bumer with alcohol Which is the independent variable? (A) Type of alcohol used (B) Amount of water used (C)_ Amount of alcohol used (D) Temperature change in the water Adapted 2009 HSC QS Why is ethanol used in preference to water as the main ingredient of perfume? (A) Ethanol is cheaper to produce. (B) Ethanol has no detectable odour: (C) Ethanol dissolves esters more readily. (D) Ethanol has a significantly lower density, 2008 118C Os © datum & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 + PastHSCQ&A 127MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry 31. Bromine, Br, dissolves in unsaturated hydrocarbons and reacts immediately. Which of the following is the best description of this process? (A) Bromine is polar and reacts by adding bromine atoms across the double bond. (B) Bromine is polar and reacts by substituting hydrogen atoms with bromine atoms. (©) Bromine is non-polar and reacts by substituting hydrogen atoms with bromine atoms. @) Bromine is non-polar and reacts by adding bromine atoms across the double bond, 2009 HSC OS 32. Which of the following is the main organic product resulting from the reaction of butanoie acid and pentanol? 9 4 —H,C—H,C—C ‘0—CH,—CH,—CH,—CH, (A) Hy 9 oO (B) \—H,C—H,C—C ‘0—CH,—CH,—CH,—CH,—CH,, ° 4 © ,C—H,C—H1,C—C | ‘(0—CH,—CH, CH, —CH,—CH, | ° | a ©) CH,—CH,—CH,—C. ‘(0—CH,—CH,—CH,—CH 2009 HSC O10 33, What mass of ethanol is obtained when 5.68 g of carbon dioxide is produced during fermentation, at 25°C and 100 kPa? (A) 2958 @®) 595g (© 336g | @) 14728 2010 HSC O15 128 STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ& A © Odum & Garner34, 35. 31, MODULE 7 - Organic Chemistry In a fermentation experiment 6,50 g of glucose was completely converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide. What is the mass of carbon dioxide produced? (A) 1598 (B) 3.18¢ (© 953g (D) 130g 2009 HSC O13 In which of the following altematives are the three compounds listed in order of (A) Pentane, butan-I-ol, propanoic acid (B)_Propanoic acid, butan-I-ol, pentane (C)_ Propanoie acid, pentane, butan-1-ol (D) Butan-1-ol, propanoie acid, pentane 2008 HSC OI ‘What is the IUPAC name for the following compound? Hi oy Vuwn an w-e-6-6- 6-0 Houow duh i (A) Hexan-3-ol (B) Hexan-4-ol (©) Heptan-3-01 (D) Heptan-5-ol 2007 HSC Os How many isomers are there for CHCl)? (A) 3 (B) 4 © 5 6 @) 2006 HSC 98 ‘© Odlum & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 + PastHSCQBA 129MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry 38. A student used the apparatus shown to determine the molar enthalpy of combustion of ethanol. ‘Thermometer Can containing 300 g water Burner containing ethanol ‘The following results were obtained. ‘What is the molar enthalpy of combustion calculated from this data? (A) @) ©) () Initial mass of burner 133.20 g Final mass of burner 132.05 g Initial temperature of water 25.0°C Final temperature of water 455°C 22.4 kT mol 25.7 kJ mol"! 1030 kJ mol"! 1180 kJ molt 39. The enthalpy of combustion of butan-1-ol is 2676 kJ mol". ‘What is the value of the enthalpy of combustion in ki g-!? (a) @) (© o 30.41 36.10 44.60 47.79 Adopted 2005 HSC 04 Adopted 2005 HSC.O3 40. Which of these groups of carbon compounds is listed in order of increasing boiling points? @& ®) © ©) Ethanol, ethane, butanol, butane Ethane, ethanol, butane, butanol Ethane, butane, ethanol, butanol Butanol, ethanol, ethane, butane 130 STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ.&A (© Odlum & Gorner4. 42. MODULE 7 — Organic Chemistry Terylene (polyester) is a condensation polymer. Part of the structure of the polymer is shown, ote [ I o-c~©)-c-0-c—c—0-c GO) c-0-c-¢ i i TI HH H H What are the two monomers that form this polymer? Monomer I | ‘Monomer 2 A) s-O-# =. a HO—C=C-—OH Ho—c ~C)~c—oH © ° H-O—C-H u— H—C—ONa + CH»—OH ? 0 (© CH,-OH + CH,-c-oH 4, i () CH,—OH + CH,C-oH > Adopted 2002 HSC O10 © Calum & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ&A 135‘MODULE 7— Organic Chemistry Refer to the following information to answer Questions 52 and 53. The graph below shows some boiling points for carboxylic acids, alcohols and alkanes. 200 Carboxylic acids _—* Alcohols Boiling 199 | a Alkanes point (°C) 9. New questions 52 & 53, 3 6708090110 ~ using adepted graph Molecular weight rom 2003 HSC 025 52, Which of these statements correctly describes a trend shown in this graph? (A) The boiling points of each group increase with increasing molecular mass due to increasing carbon chain length, (B) The boiling points of each group increase as molecular mass increases due to there being less dispersion forces between the molecules. (©) The boiling points of each group increase with molecular mass as less energy is needed to separate the molecules. (D) The boiling points of each group decrease with increasing molecular mass due to increasing carbon chain length. 53. Which of these statements correctly describes the difference in the boiling points (BP) for carboxylic acids, alcohols and alkanes? (A) Alkanes have the lowest BP due to strong H bonding. (B) Carboxylic acids have the highest BP due to both H bonding and =O bonds, (C) Alcohols have higher BP than alkanes due the H bonding in alkanes. (D) Only carboxylic acids have dispersion forces and so have the highest BP. 54. Which of the following solutions has the lowest pH? (A) 01M ethanoic (acetic) acid. (B) OM hydrochloric acid. (C) 02M sodium hydroxide. (D) 02M nitric acid. 1998 HSC Q2 136 STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ&A © Oalum & GarnerMODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry 58. Ina laboratory experiment, a student prepares an ester by refluxing an acid and an alcohol for thirty minutes. After this time, it is necessary to separate the product from the reaction mixture, The correct apparatus for carrying out this separation is: “| +n gs © @) | i BY 56. The dehydration of an alcohol produces an alkene and water. ‘What is the catalyst for the conversion of ethanol to ethene? 1996 HSC Q15 (A) NaOH (B) H,S0, (© HNO, @ Pt Adapted 2062 HSC Q? © Odlum & Garner STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ&A 137MODULE 7~ Organic Chemistry 537. What is the IUPAC name for the compound whose structure is given below? (A) 4-iodo-4-hexene (B) 3-iodo-2-hexene (©) 4-iodo-5-hexene (D) 2iodo-2-hexene 1999 HSC 93 58. Chlorine reacts with butene to form 1 2-dichlorobutane. This type of reaction is called (A) addition (B) oxidation. (C)_ hydrolysis. (D) substitution. 1995 HSC OI 59. Which of the following formulae represent a pair of isomers? cd | HC. CH a oc an Na” cu,” H,c—C——cH, oO ay 7 HC. cH—CcH—cl Neo, (eal 1 CH; CH— CH, CH, au (A) Mand a). (B) Mand (ip, (©) Wand dy). (D) di) and Av). 1997 HSC OI? 138 STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ.&A © Odum & Gorner60. The formula for an ester with a strawberry fragrance is given CH, — CH, — CH, ~C=0 1 MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry below. OCH, — CH, ‘The alcohol and carboxylic acid used to make this ester were (A) propanol and propanoic acid. (B) ethanol and butanoie acid, (C)_ butanol and ethanoic acid. (D) butanol and butanoic acid. 61, The presence ofa strong oxidising agent, such as acidified permanganate ion, is required for en alcohol to undergo oxidation. Which entry in the table below correctly lists the product formed when that type of alcohol is oxidised under standard conditions? Adopted 1997 HSC O15 Primary alcohol Secondary alcohol Tertiary alcohol a) Aldehyde Ketone Ester @) Ketone Aldehyde No reaction (© | Carboxylic acid Ketone No reaction () Ketone Carboxylic acid Ester 2. H 1 i H—C—H 1 H—C—H H H—C—H H 1 1 i 1 \ H-C—~c—~cC—~c—c—H i 1 It i i H ae H ata H H H ‘The name of the compound represented above is, (A) 2-ethyl-3,4,4-trimethylpentane, (B) 2-ethyl-3,5—dimethylhexane (©) 2,4,S-trimethylheptane @) decane. © Odhim & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 22 + Past HSCQ&A 139MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry Short-answer questions Question 63 (3 marks) ‘The diagram shows a sequence of steps in the removal of grease from a surface. Explain the process shown in these steps. 3 S Grease eS ate, > TTT. Kitwce Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 2013 HSC Q32(6) Question 64 (1 mare) This diagram shows how ethylene can be formed from compound X. 1 Compound X Ethylene Tdentify Compound X. 2003 HSC O1%(a) 140 STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ.&A © Odlum & GarnerMODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry Question 65 (4 marks) (a) Write a balanced chemical equation, using structural formulee, for the formation 2 of ethyl butanoate. (b) Common safety precautions in schoo! laboratories include the use of safety 2 glasses, gloves and lab coats, Justify the use of another safety precaution specifically required to safely make ethyl butanoate, 2012 HSC O21 Question 66 (4 marks) Explain, using a diagram, the cleaning action of.a soap in terms of its molecular structure. 4 Adapted 2009 HSC Q27(4)() ‘© Odlum & Gamer ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ&A 141‘MODULE 7— Organic Chemistry Question 67 (3 marks) A student created the following models to demonstrate a chemical process. ae ae (2) What is the chemical process being modelled? 1 (b) Why are models such as these useful? 2 2012 HSC 922 442 STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ&A (© Odum & GarnerMODULE 7 ~ Organie Chemistry Question 68 (4 marks) A.0.259 g sample of ethanol is burnt to raise the temperature of 120 g of an oily liquid, 4 as shown in the graph. There is no loss of heat to the surroundings. quid (°C) 1004 | ae eee reat Heating Heating Measurements commenced completed stopped me Usin the information shown on the graph, calculate the specific heat capacity of the oily liquid. The enthalpy of combustion of ethanol is 1367 kJ mol", Adapted 2013 HSC 027 © Odlum & Gamer ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ&A 143MODULE 7 - Organic Chemistry Question 69 (5 marks) The boiling points of some alcohols are given in the table. ‘Alkanol Boiling point (°C) Methanol 65 Ethanol 79 Propan-I-ol o7 Pentan-I-ol 138 Hexan-1-ol 157 Hepian-I-o1 176 (a) Using the data provided, construct a graph that shows the relationship between 3 carbon chain length and int, Hd ‘Phepher (b) Using the graph, predict the boiling point of butan-1-ol. 1 (©) What is the intermolecular force responsible for the trend shown in the graph? 1 2012 HSC 931 144 STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ&A © Odtum & GarnerMODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry Question 70 (4 marks) What features of the molecular structure of ethanol account for its extensive use as 4 a solvent? Include a diagram in your answer. 2011 HSC O2E Question 71 (6 marks) A student prepared the compound methyl propanoate in a school laboratory. (a) Give a common use for the class of compounds to which methyl propanoate 1 belongs. (b) In the preparation of this compound a few drops of concentrated sulfuric acid 2 ‘were added to the starting materials. The mixture was then refluxed for a period of time, Why was it necessary to reflux the mixture? Question 71 continues © Odum & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 * PastHSCQ&A 145MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry Question 71 (continued) (©) Name the TWO reactants used in preparing the methyl propanoate and draw their 3 structural formulae. End of Question 71 2010 HSC 922 Question 72 (4 marks) (a) Calculate the mass of ethanol that must be burnt to increase the temperature of 3 210 g of water by 65°C, if exactly half of the heat released by this combustion is lost to the surroundings. ‘The enthalpy of combustion of ethanol is 1367 kJ mol L~! i (®) What are TWO ways to limit heat loss from the apparatus when performing @ 1 first-hand investigation to determine and compare the enthalpy of combustion of different liquid alcohols? Adapted 2009 HSC 020 146 STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ& A © Odlum & GarnerMODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry Question 73 (3 marks) (a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of 1-butanol. 1 (b) A student measured the enthalpy of combustion of three different fuels, The 2 results are shown in the table. Enthalpy of combustion Fuel (eS gt) A 48 38 c 28 ‘The published value for the enthalpy of combustion of butan-1-ol is 2676 kI mol L~! Which fuel from the table is likely to be 1-butanol? Justify your answer. Adapted 2010 HSC Q23 Question 74 (3 marks) The enthalpy of combustion of ethanol is 1367 kJ mol L~!, Ina first-hand investigation to determine the enthalpy of combustion of ethanol, the experimental value determined differed from the theoretical value. (a) Identify a reason for this difference. 1 Question 74 continues © Odlum & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ&A 147MODULE 7~ Organic Chemistry Question 74 (continued) (b) Calculate the theoretical mass of ethanol required to heat 200 mL of water from 2 210°C to 45.0°C. End of Question 74 Adopted 2005 HSC Q17 ‘Question 75 (5 marks) During your study of hydrocarbons, you conducted an investigation to compare an alkene with its corresponding alkane. (a) Name the alkene used in your investigation. 1 (b) Identify a potential hazard in your investigation, and outline how you addressed 2 this hazard. (©) Outline the procedure you used for your investigation. 2 Adapied 2008 HSC QI6 148 STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ&A © Odlum & GarnerMODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry Question 76 (5 marks) ‘The table shows four fuels and their various properti Property Petrol | Kerosene | Hydrogen | Ethanol Heat of combustion (ki mol!) [5460 | 10000 | 285 | 1370 Boiling point (°C) 126 300, 253 B Density (g mL“) 069 | 0.78 n/a 0.78 Average molar mass (g mol) 4 210 2 46 (a) Which fuel provides the greatest amount of energy per gram? 1 (>) A car has an 80 petrol tank. Calculate the energy released by the complete 2 combustion of one full tank of petrol. (©) How many litres of hydrogen gas at 25°C and 100 kPa would be needed to 2 supply the same amount of energy as 80 L of petrol? 2008 HSC O24 ‘© Odlum & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ&A 149MODULE 7 Organic Chemistry Question 77 (3 marks) ‘When hexanoic acid and ethanol are mixed together under certain conditions, 3 esterification occurs. Describe the conditions necessary for this reaction and give the structural formulae and names of the products. 2007 HSC O23 Question 78 (1 mark) ‘What is the systematic name of the CFC in the diagram? 1 aa ptitir eee Hee ot 2002 HSC 025(a) 150 STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Post HSCQ.&A © Odlum & GarnerMODULE 7- Organic Chemistry Question 79 (5 marks) ‘The enthalpy of combustion (-AH,) of three alcohols were determined. ‘The results are shown in the table. Enthalpy of combustion Alcohol de!) Methanol 480 Ethanol 920 Butan-1-ol 1800 (a) Plot a graph of the enthalpy of combustion versus the molar mass for the 3 three alcohols. Molar mass Question 79 continues © Odlum & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 « PastHSCQ&A 181MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry Question 79 (continued) (b) — @_Use the graph to estimate the enthalpy of combustion of propan-1-ol. 1 Gii) ‘The theoretical value for the heat of combustion of propan-1-ol is more 1 than 2000 kJ mot? ‘Suggest a chemical reason, other than heat loss, for the difference between this value and the estimated value from part (b) (i). End of Question 79 Adopied 2007 HSC Q24 Question 80 (6 marks) ‘The diagram represents how one class of molecules assembles in water to form a structure called a micelle. Ay (CH e-80; (a) Identify the class of molecules shown. 1 Question 80 continues 152 STRIVE Chemistry 12 » Past HSCQ.RA © Odlum & GarnerMODULE 7 Organic Chemistry Question 80 (continued) (b) Account for the formation of a micelle. 2 (©) Explain what happens when oil is added to water containing these 3 molecules End of Question 80 2006 HSC O29¢by(0-i) Question 81 (1 mark) Name the type of polymerisation shown in the following reaction: 1 9 ‘OH + 1 HO—CH,—CH,-OH ——> n no-L-O)-E oO oO I I 0—C-(O)—C—0—-CH,—CH,—0+ + H,0 2002 HISC Q16(a) © Odlum & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQ&A 153MODULE 7 ~ Organie Chemistry Question 82 (5 marks) You performed a first-hand investigation to prepare an ester by reflux. (a) Identify the products formed when propanoic acid and butanol are refluxed with 1 acid catalyst. (b) Draw a fully labelled diagram of the equipment assembled for use. 2 (©) Outline the advantages of using reflux to prepare the ester 2 2003 HSC Q21 154 STRIVE Chemistry 12 Past HSCQ&A © Odlum & GarnerMODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry Question 83 (3 marks) (a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of ethanol. 1 (0) A mass of 72.5 of ethanol was burnt completely in air. Calculate the volume 2 of carbon dioxide that was produced at 25°C and 100 kPa. 2003 HSC Q22 Question 84 (5 marks) Discuss some environmental, social and economic issues as a result of obtaining 5 hydrocarbons from the Earth to use in the synthesis of chemicals. © Odlum & Garner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Post HSCQ&A 185MODULE 7 ~ Organic Chemistry Question 85 (4 marks) Proteins are a condensation polymer that occurs in nature. These natural polymers are essential for the survival of organisms. The monomer building blocks in a protein are amino acids that undergo condensation polymerisation to form an amide. The bond that forms between two amino acids is called a peptide link and two amino acids joined together are called 2 dipeptide. (a) (b) © ‘What structure is formed when a long chain of amino acids are joined together by 1 condensation polymerisation? The structure of two amino acids is shown. Write an equation in the space below 2 using correet structural formulae to show how glycine reacts with alanine to form a dipeptide and releases a molecule of water in doing so. i Glycine H.N—C — COOH I H i Dyrosine #0 ~C)- c—C=CooH en H NH, Polymers that are formed by addition polymerisation do not require the removal rl ofa molecule of water. Identify the structure that is necessary in monomers for addition polymerisation to occur to form a polymer? 156 STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ R&A (© Odlum & GarnerQuestion 86 (4 marks) MODULE 7 Organic Chemistry A student studying the mass change that occurs during fermentation added glucose, water and yeast to a flask and stoppered the flask with some cotton wool. ‘The student measured the mass of the flask daily for seven days. The table shows the data collected. Day Mass (g) 381. 376.96 373.42 370.44 afalel ne 370.42 370.40 ala 370.39 (@) Calculate the moles of CO, released between days | and 7. 1 (b) Calculate the mass of glucose that underwent fermentation between days 1 3 and 7, Include a balanced chemical equation in your answer. 2006 HSC O18 © Oalum & Gorner ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 « Past HSCQRA 157MODULE 7— Organic Chemistry Question 87 (4 marks) Ethanol produced by the fermentation of carbohydrates, such as sugars and starches, 4 is a biofuel. Outline the need for sustainable biofuels and how they differ from fossil fuels in terms of renewability Question 88 (4 marks) Water and ethanol are both used as solvents. 4 Explain the differences and similarities in their solvent behaviour in terms of their molecular structures. Include a diagram in your answer. 2009 HSC QI7 188 STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Post HSCQ&A © Odlum & GarnerMODULE 7 - Organic Chemistry Question 89 (9 marks) Polymers can be made synthetically by polymerisation reactions. (@) Draw three repeat segments for the structure of the polymer formed from this 1 monomer: CH,=CH | cl () Give both the common name and the IUPAC name of the monomer above and the 2 name of the polymer it forms, (©) Indicate the type of polymerisation that is involved in (a) and identify the 2 structure that allows this type of polymerisation to occur. (d) Explain the relationship between the structures and properties of TWO different 4 polymers from ethylene, and their uses. © Odlum & Gamer ‘STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQBA 159MODULE 7 ~ Organi Chemistry Question 90 (3 marks) Explain why alkanes and their corresponding alkenes have similar physical properties, 3 but very different chemical properties. 2002 HSC QI? 160 STRIVE Chemistry 12 + Past HSCQ.& A (© Odium & Garner