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Oracle 12C - (SQL & PL/SQL) : 1.fundamentals of Database

This document provides an overview of Oracle 12c and SQL & PL/SQL. It discusses fundamentals of databases and Oracle 12c features. It also summarizes SQL components like DDL, DML, DQL and DCL commands. Additionally, it outlines PL/SQL components like program structure, control structures, functions, triggers and packages. The document appears to serve as training material that introduces key concepts for working with Oracle databases.

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manoj
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213 views

Oracle 12C - (SQL & PL/SQL) : 1.fundamentals of Database

This document provides an overview of Oracle 12c and SQL & PL/SQL. It discusses fundamentals of databases and Oracle 12c features. It also summarizes SQL components like DDL, DML, DQL and DCL commands. Additionally, it outlines PL/SQL components like program structure, control structures, functions, triggers and packages. The document appears to serve as training material that introduces key concepts for working with Oracle databases.

Uploaded by

manoj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ORACLE 12c-( SQL & PL/SQL)

1.Fundamentals of Database
• What is Data Base and Why is Data Base?
• DBMS Concepts
• RDBMS Concepts
• Oracle versions
• What is oracle 12c?
• What is MULTITENANT DATABASE?
• Features in Oracle 12c
• Advantages of Oracle 12c
• What is DATA MODEL for any OLTP RDBMS?

2. STRUCURE QUERY LANGUAGE( SQL ) AND CLIENT TOOLS


• What is SQL?
• Role of SQL in RDBMS
• Sub-languages in SQL
• CLIENT INTERFACE TOOS
• SQL * PLUS
• SQL DEVELOPER
• PLSQL DEVELOPER
• TOAD
• Oracle data types

3. SQL LANGUAGES
Data Definition Language (DDL) Commands
• CREATE
• ALTER
• TRUNCATE
• DROP
• RENAME
Data Manipulation Languages(DML) Commands
• INSERT
• UPDATE
• DELETE
Data Query Language / Retrieval Language
• SELECT

Transaction Control Languages(TCL) Commands


• ROLLBACK
• COMMIT
• SAVEPOINT

Data Control Languages(DCL) Commands


• GRANT
• REVOKE

4. DATA INTEGRITY CONSTRAINTS


• KEY Constraints
• DOMAIN Constraints
• REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY Constraints

5. OPERATORS
• Arithmetic Operators
• Relational Operators
• Relation Negation Operators
• Logical Operators
• Set Operators (Union, Union All, Intersect, Minus)

6. JOINS
• Purpose Of JOINS
• Types of JOINS
cross join
Equi join
Inner Join
Self Join
Outer joins
left outer join
Right Outer join
Full Outer join

7.SUB- QUERIES
• Single row sub-queries
• Multi-row sub-queries
• Correlated Sub-Queries
• Use of EXISTS / NOT EXISTS /ANY /ALL

8. SQL OBJECTS
8.1. VIEWS
• What is a view?
• Importance of View.
• Types of Views
• Simple views
Simple views with WITH CHECK OPTION
Simple views with WITH READ ONLY option
• Composite views
• Inline views
• Materialized views
Read Only Materialized view
Updatable Materialized view
Complex Materialized view
• Force views

8.2. INDEXES
• What is a INDEX
• Necessity of Index
• Types of Indexes
Simple Index
Composite Index
Bitmap Index
Function based index

8.3. CLUSTERS
• Use of cluster
• Creation of cluster
• Advantages of clusters

8.4. SEQUENCES
• Creating sequence
• Uses of sequences
Inserting sequence values
Updating column with sequence values
Altering sequence
Using sequence value as DEFAULT value
[ from oracle 12c ]

8.5. SYNONYMS
• Use of Synonym
• Types of Synonyms(PUBLIC,PRIVATE)
• How and when to create synonyms?

9. PARTITIONS
• What is partition?
• Types of partitions
Range partition
List partition
Hash partition

10. SQL FUNCTIONS


Categories of Functions
• Group or Aggregate Functions
• Scalar or Single Row Functions
Types of Functions
• Numerical Functions
• String Functions
• Conversion Functions
• Date Functions
• Analytical functions

11. PL/SQL
• Introduction to PL/SQL
• What is a Program block?
• Advantages of PL/SQL.
• Architecture of PL/SQL Engine
• Features, Structure of Program Block
• Data types, Executable Stmts.
• What are the blocks in the program structure?
• DECLARE Block
• BEGIN Block
• EXCEPTION Block
• END

11.1. TYPES OF PROGRAMS


• Static Programs
• Dynamic Programs
• Worked Examples and Assignments
11.2. Type Compatibility keywords
• Declaring variables Dynamically --%TYPE
• Declaring Table Type Record Variables--%ROWTYPE

11.3 SUB PROGRAMS


Stored Procedures
• What is a procedure?
• How to create it?
• What are the advantages of procedures?
• Types of stored procedures
• Static Procedures (without Arguments)
• Dynamic Procedures (with Arguments)
• Arguments or Parameters Mode
• IN OUT INOUT

CONTOL STRUCTURES
CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
• Simple IF
• IF—THEN—ELSE
• COMPOUND IF
• ELSIF Construct
• Worked Examples and Assignments

LOOPS
• Simple Loop
• While Loop
• For Loop

CURSORS
• Types: Implicit and Explicit cursors
• Cursor Variables
• FOR loop cursor
• Parameterized cursor
• REF_CURSOR
What is BULK COLLECT?
What is FORALL?
What is BULKBIND?

EXCEPTION HANDLING AND THEIR TYPES


• Predefined Exceptions
• User defined Exceptions
• Pragma_ Exception_init
• RISE_APPLICATION_ERROR

PL/SQL RECORDS AND TABLES


• Composite Data Types
• PL/SQL Records & Tables
• Nested Records
• Using Record in a Table
• And Examples

FUNCTIONS
• What is a Function?
• When we have to create a function?
• How to call it?
• With and without arguments

PL/SQL Collections
• VARRAYS
• Associative Arrays
• Nested tables/ PLSQL TABLES
TRIGGERS
• What is a Trigger Program?
• When we need a Trigger?
• Parts of a Trigger
• Types of Triggers
• Database Triggers
• Row Level Triggers with Ex.
• Statement Level Triggers
• Instead-of Triggers - Views with Ex.

PACKAGES
• What is a PACKAGE?
• Structure of package
• Package Spec and Body
• Accessing procedures and functions from a package

Supporting
Interview Tips
Interview Questions
Resume Preparation tips

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