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Arthropods

Arthropods include insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and millipedes. They have an exoskeleton made of chitin and undergo molting to grow. Insects have three body segments and six legs. They have complex respiratory, circulatory, digestive, and nervous systems. Insects undergo complete metamorphosis from egg to larva to pupa to adult. Arachnids like spiders have two body segments, eight legs, and silk glands. They use silk to build webs. Crustaceans are also segmented but have more than eight legs and hard exoskeletons.

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59 views30 pages

Arthropods

Arthropods include insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and millipedes. They have an exoskeleton made of chitin and undergo molting to grow. Insects have three body segments and six legs. They have complex respiratory, circulatory, digestive, and nervous systems. Insects undergo complete metamorphosis from egg to larva to pupa to adult. Arachnids like spiders have two body segments, eight legs, and silk glands. They use silk to build webs. Crustaceans are also segmented but have more than eight legs and hard exoskeletons.

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yoel misu
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Arthropods

Aracnids, insects, crustaceans and


miriapods are Arthropods.

Arthropods have an exoskeleton


made on chitin, a carbohydrate.

All insects have six legs. They have


their bodies divided in three
parts:
- head: it has the eyes and
antennae, which are sensory
organs.
- Thorax: it has the legs. Insects
can also have one or two pairs of
wings.
- Abdomen: it is the posterior part
of the insect.
Insects have a nervous system
with a brain and many ganglia.

They have a digestive tube, and a


circulatory system with a heart
and blood vessels.
The respiratory system of insects consist of
many internal tubes called trachea that carry
the oxygen to the inside of the animal. They
connect with the exterior by holes called
spiracles.
The antennae of
insects are sensory
organs that detect
odour particles in the
air, so they sense the
smell.
Insects have big “compound
eyes”. These eyes are very
different from ours.
Insects reproduce sexually. There are males and females. The extra tail in the female of the cricket
(right image) is the ovipositor, an organ to lay eggs.
Insects, like this ladybug,
lay many eggs.
Insects undergo a process of metamorphosis. They hatch as larvae from the
eggs. Larva look like little worms. Then they transform themselves in pupas,
as it happens is silkworms. Finally, an adult (imago)
develops. However some insects , like the grasshopper (left) develops
without a metamorphosis.
Insects and other arthropods moult.
Moulting is the change of the exoskeleton.
The exoskeleton doesn´t grow, so the animal
needs to change it to grow.
Arachnids
Spiders and scorpions are
arachnids.
Arachnids have eight legs.

Their bodies are divided in


two segments:
- Cephalothorax: with the
sensory organs and the
legs.
- Abdomen, that has the
silk glands.
Arachnids have a digestive tube and a circulatory system with a heart. The respiratory system
consists of a lung with the shape of a book.

Arachnids have a silk gland where they produce the silk to make spiderwebs.
Spiders have many eye spots. They have
palps to sense touch and chelicera to inject
venom.

palps chelicera
Crustaceans
Crustaceans have very hard
exoskeletons with mineral on top
of the chitin.
Their bodies are divided into two
parts: cephalothorax and
abdomen.

They have more than eight legs.


Crustaceans also moult to grow.
In this video you can see how this
crabs abandones his old
exoskeleton.
Miriapods are arthropods with
many legs
STEPHEN HILLENBURG

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