METALLIC TO SUBMETALLIC MINERALS

FRACTURE STREAK COLOR HARDNESS FRACTURE LUSTER DIAPHANEITY OTHER SPECIFIC MINERAL
CLEAVAGE CLEAVAGE PROPERTIES GRAVITY NAME
yellow yellow, one silky,
or brown, 5 - 5.5 direction submetallic translucent fibrous 3.3 -4.3 GOETHITE
brown black indistinct appearance
white, white, red perfect brittle,
yellow, yellow, brown, 3.5 - 4 cleavage in submetallic translucent looks like 3.9 - 4.1 SPHALERITE
or brown green, black 6 directions resin
CLEAVAGE dark green, perfect thin flakes,
colorless dark brown, 2.5 - 3 cleavage in submetallic translucent tough, 2.8 - 3.2 BIOTITE
or black one direction flexible
lead - gray cleavage in breaks to
lead - gray or 2.5 3 directions metallic opaque form tiny 7.4 - 7.6 GALENA
silver at 90 degrees steps
black, cleavage metallic marks paper,
black silver, 1-2 sometimes or opaque soils fingers, 2.23 GRAPHITE
or gray indistinct submetallic slippery
conchoidal sometimes
black brassy yellow 6 - 6.5 fracture metallic opaque in crystal 5.02 PYRITE
shapes
red -brown, metallic sometimes
reddish black, 5 - 6.5 fracture or opaque oolitic or 5.56 HEMATITE
silver submetallic magnetic
black metallic strongly
black or 6 fracture or opaque magnetic 5.18 MAGNETITE
silver submetallic
FRACTURE
black brownish 4 fracture metallic opaque weakly magnetic 4.58 - 4.65 PYRRHOTITE

greenish
black brassy yellow 3.5 - 4 fracture metallic opaque brittle 4.1 - 4.3 CHALCOPYRITE

brassy with indistinct iridescent

black iridescent 3 cleavage metallic opaque peacock 5.0 -5.1 BORNITE
colors colors
By: Art Crossman
http://geology.com/ Mineralogy / Petrology (1997)
 NONMETALLIC MINERALS
HARDNESS (7 - 4)

STREAK COLOR HARDNESS FRACTURE LUSTER DIAPHANEITY OTHER SPECIFIC MINERAL

CLEAVAGE PROPERTIES GRAVITY NAME
white green one transparent, typically
or to 6-7 direction vitreous - dull transluscent pistachio 3.35 -3.4 EPIDOTE
colorless black indistinct green
white white, gray, two transparent, few if
or pink, clear, 6 - 6.5 directions vitreous transluscent any 2.5 - 2.6 ORTHOCLASE
colorless green, yellow at 90 degrees striations
white white, gray two transparent, striations
or clear, blue 6 directions vitreous transluscent on cleavage 2.6 -2.8 PLAGIOCLASE
colorless green at 90 degrees faces
white colorless, one greasy - transparent, softer than
or gray, 5.5 - 6 direction vitreous transluscent quartz, 2.6 - 2.65 NEPHELINE
colorless white indistinct cleavage
green, gray two directions vitreous
greenish brown, 5 - 5.5 intersects at to transluscent brittle 3.2 - 3.6 AUGITE
black 90 degrees dull
CLEAVAGE brown, two directions appears
colorless dark green, 5-6 intersects at vitreous transluscent fibrous 3.0 - 3.4 HORNBLENDE
black 56 & 124 degrees or silky
yellow yellow, one dull to appears
or brown, 5 - 5.5 direction admantine transluscent fibrous 3.3 - 4.3 GOETHITE
brown or black indistinct or silky
green, brown poor transparent, brittle,
white yellow, pink 5 cleavage in vitreous transluscent fractured 3.1 - 3.2 APATITE
violet, etc. one direction masses
white greenish, one greasy transparent, varigated,
to yellowish, 3-5 direction to transluscent sometimes 2.3 SERPENTINE
gray black indistinct waxy fibrous
white, white, red perfect resinous brittle,
yellow, yellow, brown 3.5 - 4 cleavage in to transluscent looks like 3.9 - 4.1 SPHALERITE
or brown green, black 6 directions adamantine resin
pink, white 3 direction, vitreous transparent, HCl fizz
white gray, 3.5 - 4 rhombic pearly transluscent only with 2.85 DOLOMITE
and others indistinct powder

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 NONMETALLIC MINERALS
HARDNESS (4 - 1)

STREAK COLOR HARDNESS FRACTURE LUSTER DIAPHANEITY OTHER SPECIFIC MINERAL

CLEAVAGE PROPERTIES GRAVITY NAME
any color perfect transparent, sometimes
white clear, yellow 4 four vitreous transluscent fluorescent 3.18 FLUORITE
purple, blue directions
white, gray perfect transparent, very heavy for
white red, brown 3 - 3.5 3 directions vitreous- pearly transluscent a nonmetallic 4.3 - 4.6 BARITE
clear, etc. small faces mineral
white, gray perfect transparent, breaks rhombic
white green, yellow 3 3 directions, vitreous- pearly transluscent HCl reaction 2.71 CALCITE
clear, etc. "rhombic" double refraction
dark green perfect thin flakes,
colorless dark brown 2.5 - 3 cleavage in nonmetallic transluscent tough, 2.8 - 3.2 BIOTITE
or black one direction flexible
colorless yellow to perfect vitreous frequently a
to brown in 2.5 - 3 in to transparent copper - like 2.68 PHLOGOPITE
white thin sheets one direction pearly luster
CLEAVAGE gray greenish, perfect in vitreous transparent, foliated or
to gray, 2 - 2.5 one direction dull pearly transluscent scaly 2.6 - 3.3 CHLORITE
green black indistinct appearance
clear, white perfect vitreous splits
colorless yellowish, 2 - 2.5 cleavage in to transparent into thin 2.7 - 3.0 MUSCOVITE
silvery, etc. one direction pearly sheets
white, one direction plastic when wet
white gray, 2 - 2.5 but usually dull, earthy transluscent crumbly when 2.6 KAOLINITE
yellowish indistinct dry
white, gray perfect vitreous transparent, water soluble,
white blue, red 2 - 2.5 3 directions to transluscent tastes salty 2.16 HALITE
clear at 90 degrees pearly
white, gray perfect in vitreous transparent, sometimes as
white brown, red 1.5 - 2 one direction to transluscent fibrous 2.3 - 2.4 GYPSUM
clear & others 2 indistinct pearly masses
green, gray one direction pearly transluscent, feels greasy,
white white, silver 1 but usually to opaque tiny flakes 2.7 - 2.8 TALC
& other colors indistinct greasy upon rubbing

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 NONMETALLIC MINERALS
HARDNESS (9 - 1)

STREAK COLOR HARDNESS FRACTURE LUSTER DIAPHANEITY OTHER SPECIFIC MINERAL

CLEAVAGE PROPERTIES GRAVITY NAME
brown, fracture, vitreous transparent, sometimes has
colorless pink, blue 9 sometimes to transluscent hexagonal 4.02 CORUNDUM
& others with parting adamantine crystals
black, green transparent, sometimes
colorless brown, pink 7 - 7.5 fracture vitreous to striations 3.02 - 3.2 TOURMALINE
yellow opaque
usually red, vitreous transparent, sometimes
colorless green, black 6.5 - 7.5 fracture to to isometric 3.5 - 4.3 GARNET
or any color resinous opaque crystals
conchoidal vitreous transparent sometimes has
colorless any color 7 fracture to to hexagonal 2.65 QUARTZ
FRACTURE greasy transluscent crystals
olive, conchoidal transparent frequently
colorless green, 6.5 - 7 fracture vitreous to as granular 3.27 - 4.27 OLIVINE
brown transluscent masses
red - brown, sometimes
reddish silver, 5 - 6.5 fracture dull opaque oolitic or 5.26 HEMATITE
or black magnetic
yellow, transluscent, earthy
yellowish-brown brown, 4 - 5.5 fracture dull opaque color and 2.7 - 4.3 LIMONITE
or black appearance
white, gray transluscent,
white yellow, red 1-3 fracture dull earthy opaque pisolitic 2.00 - 2.55 BAUXITE
brown
By: Art Crossman
http://geology.com/ Mineralogy / Petrology (1997)