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ETHICS Post Module Activity#4

The document discusses Kohlberg's stages of moral development and their application to three moral dilemmas presented in a YouTube video about trolley problems. In the first scenario, the author chooses to divert the trolley onto a different track to kill one person and save five others. For the second scenario, they also choose to divert the trolley to kill one person over five. In the hardest third scenario where they must choose between saving a loved one or five strangers, the author decides to sacrifice their loved one to save the five strangers. The author analyzes their choices as belonging to the post-conventional levels of Kohlberg's theory, involving social contracts and universal ethical principles of doing the greatest good

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Alexander Quemada
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45 views

ETHICS Post Module Activity#4

The document discusses Kohlberg's stages of moral development and their application to three moral dilemmas presented in a YouTube video about trolley problems. In the first scenario, the author chooses to divert the trolley onto a different track to kill one person and save five others. For the second scenario, they also choose to divert the trolley to kill one person over five. In the hardest third scenario where they must choose between saving a loved one or five strangers, the author decides to sacrifice their loved one to save the five strangers. The author analyzes their choices as belonging to the post-conventional levels of Kohlberg's theory, involving social contracts and universal ethical principles of doing the greatest good

Uploaded by

Alexander Quemada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ETHICS Post Module Activity#4

Name: ALEXANDER T. QUEMADA


Ethics: A_ Date:OCT,30,2021 Score:__________
TopiC: STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT BY KHOLBERG
REFERENCE: https://www.simplypsychology.org/kohlberg.html,
https://l.messenger.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fround-lake.dustinice.workers.dev%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fwww.goodreads.com
%2Fquotes%2F6582996-be-wise-today-so-you-don-t-cry-
tomorrow&h=AT04JYrwCOe3S2wcRye6r8yQifTAMLMMOc7Nb61Yn3eYxRnOv7SGZd
W8QyKAtb3pPLSMctARK26F51OoOYrtxx4Nack-
38Lao4M579FpTQwAs2rAhIKS119NMgjcfgj8u6kGjg

Your responses will be graded based on the following rubric:

DESCRIPTORS* INTERPRETATION
Excellent (23-25pts) Demonstrates deep understanding of the concept; has no
misconceptions; shows high competence in explanations
Superior (22 pts) Demonstrates good understanding, has very few minor
misconceptions; shows competence in explanations
Above Average (20-21 pts) Demonstrates some understanding of the concept, has few
High Average (18-19 pts) minor misconceptions, can explain in some detail
Average (17 pts)
Low Average (15-16 pts) Demonstrates limited understanding; has some misconceptions,
Passed (14 pts) can explain in some details with inaccuracies
Failed (0-13 pts) Demonstrates low understanding; has many misconceptions;
needs help in explaining ideas

I. Checking for Understanding:


Instructions: Watch the short video on “ People Face a Terrifying Moral Dilemma”:

Based on the video you watched and your readings and personal reflection:

1. What is the best choice in the case?


The video entitled “People face a terrifying moral dilemma” or should I say the
trolley problem is an example of experiments in ethics, conscience and including moral
dilemmas of whether to sacrifice someone’s innocent life in order to save many or vice versa.
Thus, this video is happening in real-life situations. Also, based on the series of trolly problems
that were being presented on the YouTube video, I could say that there was no best option to be
seen but due to our moral reasoning, we have already evaluated the situations based on what’s
more accessible or acceptable reason or decision to be done. My reaction to the first scenario
would be, to pull the lever of the train way to switch it into the other side and save the lives of
the five people as it may result in a legal and ethical thing in the eyes of everyone. Whereas the
second scenario would give me a short time to think, to whether pull the lever of the train or not,
in which possible one or five people will soon die, but if I were to choose one situation, I’ll
rather pull the lever on the upper side of the train way to sacrifice the life of the one person for
the safety of the remaining five persons. Thus, I believe that through my perspective and feeling,
saving the life of these five persons is the more appropriate possible way and it may have a least
emotional effect rather than saving one person’s life because saving one life will portray to an act
of selfishness. Additionally, my action of pulling the lever to the other side of the train way
which has one person is not directly killed by my own hands and I did it because I followed my
virtue and reasoning. Thirdly, the most crucial and significantly harder scene, the scenario 3. In
this scenario, I came up with a question, would it be a crime to sacrifice one person which is
your loved one over the five people or sacrifice the five people over your loved one/s? this
question would be the hardest thing to answer and I can’t deny it because both situations are
deserving to be saved and live happily, but at the end of the day, I have to choose one and the
best choice for me is to sacrifice my love one, for example, my grandmother or mother to save
the lives of those five persons and definitely, people will criticize my choice and human behavior
for it may be an unethical or bad move to compel, but sincerely, I still go and stick on my
decisions because I believe that it has a better and less consequence. And here’s the answer to
why I am protecting and saving those five people rather than my loved one: I asked my
grandmother and mother today if is it okay, if I will sacrifice their lives to save the five persons
and they answered, “Yes, apo/anak. We are already old and we have already finished our part
here in earth wherein we give all of you good legacies or values and we have already achieved
success and greater satisfaction in life, we know who you are, it will be okay for us if you will
choose those five people and we believe that we will always stay into your heart forever.” and
my tito who is part of a religious group told me that neither of the two was in a good situation
but if your reasons are justifiable for choosing those five people to be save over one person then
it would be fine and not make you a less man or should I say a criminal. In addition, you are just
pulling the lever for the trolley and you are not the object there to kill them and it is not
intrinsically related to killing people because as long as what you are doing is not intrinsically
hopeless or it is like a less evil, then you can still morally do a good act. Lastly, I believe and
learned that when the question of justice comes up, and it is time to sacrifice one person for the
sake of the many, it would be definitely be okay to do it and it is exactly, what justice is, it is
about finding another and just way.

2. In what stage in Kholberg’s stages of moral development your choice belongs?Justify your
answer.
Based on my observations and decisions, all of these three scenarios belong to the
post-conventional level of the stages of development of kholberg. Specifically, level 5 and 6
which is the social contracts and Universal ethical principles. Firstly, it is part of social contract
orientation, as to what we had discussed here is that moral reasoning is based on individual rights
wherein in those scenarios, I chose to save many lives over one person whether it will be my
loved one or not because it may be a good plan to do and whatever produces the greatest amount
of happiness over least amount of unhappiness is the right action even though it will be against to
the bible and people. Furthermore, putting myself in the situation of that person, I would be on
freeze and think deeply on what will be the better decision to do and in my moral perspective and
belief, I would prefer to pick the greater good for the betterment of the greater people and after
all, pulling the lever on the other side of the train way which has one person to die does not
imply injustice but rather I am finding another way and choose what’s a best or just decision.
Thus, as mentioned above, my family knows me best, they have already achieved greatest things
and they would understand my choice and respect it which is to protect and save those 5 persons.
Secondly, it can be part of universal ethical principles because I will preferably do the act of
saving the lives of the 5 persons and defend my decisions even if it means against to the eyes of
the society and I have the ability or capacity to go beyond the law.

3. Did you find it easy to decide? Did you find yourself changing your choices?

Life is amazing at the same time hard. Finding, understanding and evaluating
decisions is among the beguiling and formidable tasks that a human person should be able to
achieve or to do in his or her lifetime. Thus, every scenario has its symbolism and difficulty. I
have found the first scenario to be easy as it allows me to think right away to pull the lever on the
other side of the train way to save five people. While for the second scenario, it gave me a little
time to think and reflect to whether save one person over five person or vice versa but for me, it
is better to save five people than one person because one crime would be just and right rather
than having five casualties in the end. However, for the third and last scenario, it gave me a hard
time to choose and probably I did reflection twice just to go with the best option. Thus, I chose
those five persons over my loved one, I know it is against to everybody that I act unethically for
killing my love one in order to save five people but for me, I will stick to my decisions because I
evaluate it properly through the stages of the moral development by kholberg, then came up with
the answer that “the good of the many outweighs the good of the few.” I believe that I did it for
the greatest good and it would be the best action to do and I believe to the quote of E.A.
Bucchianeri “Be wise today so you don’t cry tomorrow.” To conclude, ethics is a complex
concept that was made and it is interesting to see how quickly we change or stick to our
decisions and all of us would choose or act differently because these three scenarios are worth to
live peacefully and enjoy life. Lastly, at the end of the day, the decisions I have made in life
whether it is right or wrong will be an eye opener for my human development.

II. Integration:
Instructions: Read and answer the questions then illustrate it in a graphic illustration. (drawing,
cut out pictures or any other art medium ).
1. Have you encountered instances/situations when you are faced with similar situations?
2. How did Kholberg’s Stages of moral development apply to the situation?
PASSION VS CAREER
“Choosing one dream will be my nightmare.”

In my 18 years of existence, I totally want to be a K-pop artist because I want to


perform on stage and show my talent to the world but due to parent’s restrictions, I
did not pursue my passion but rather I picked my parent’s opinion about choosing
accountancy course as my career. But I realized that my passion to be a K-pop idol
will just be there because I believe that it is not an end zone but a surprising
opportunity in the future to continue and dream high.

"A man does what he must - in spite of personal consequences, in spite of obstacles and
dangers and pressures - and that is the basis of all human morality." 
- John F. Kennedy (1917 - 1963), 35th President of the United States .”

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