Vol-4 Issue-2 2018 IJARIIE-ISSN(O)-2395-4396
DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND FABRICATION
OF THERMOELECTRIC COOLING AND
HEATING SYSTEM FOR WATER
DISPENSER
R.S.Fayazahamed1, S.CyrilJain2, K.L.Alagarasan3, A.Balachandran4, P.Balasubramani5
1,2,3,4
UG Students, Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.Ramakrishnan College of Engineering,
Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India.
5
Asst Prof, Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.Ramakrishnan College of Engineering,
Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India.
ABSTRACT
This paper aims toward developing a system which will provide cooling and heating effect simultaneously without
moving mechanical parts. Thermoelectric cooling and heating system does not require working fluids. This device
can be used to cool water without use of refrigerants. And simultaneously heating can be achieved from the hot side
of thermoelectric module to heat the water, this is due to heat absorption and rejection using peltier element. This
compact design is very useful in elimination of CFC and it would replace conventional refrigeration system.
Keywords: Peltier effect, Thermoelectric cooling and heating, forced convection, heat pump, CFC elimination.
1. INTRODUCTION
We are pleasure to introduce our idea “Thermoelectric cooling and heating System for Water Dispenser”
which is equipped by sandwiching the TEC module (Peltier module) between the water blocks. This system uses the
principle of peltier effect in which heat is dissipated or absorbed when an electric current flows across a junction
between two materials. The TEC has p-type and n- type semiconductors connected in series and covered by silicon
bismuth coating. By reversing the polarity the direction of heat pumping is altered. The one side of the module gets
colder and another side gets hotter simultaneously. The main objective behind the project is to produce cold and hot
water without use of refrigerants and induction coils. It eliminates emission of CFC. It is environment friendly and
the thermoelectric modules have a life span more than 2,00,000 hours.
2. OBJECTIVE
1. To eliminate the emission of CFC (Chlorofluorocarbon) from water dispensers, this could ultimately reduce
global warming and also reduce power consumption.
2. To provide a system with less maintenance and a long life time.
3. To reduce the size, weight and price of the system.
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Vol-4 Issue-2 2018 IJARIIE-ISSN(O)-2395-4396
3. WORKING
Thermoelectric cooling and heating system works on the principle of peltier effect. A DC current is applied
with a voltage of 12V to the TEC module. This effect creates a temperature difference on either sides of the TEC
module. Heat is removed at one junction and cooling occurs. Heat is dissipated at other junction and heating occurs.
The three TEC modules are connected in parallel and sandwiched between the aluminum water block heat
exchangers. The aluminum water block is 150mm×70mm×15mm in dimension & has a 8mm grooved path for
passing water as shown in fig 3.2. Aluminum water block heat exchanger acts as a heat sink and transmits heat to the
water through internal forced convection and deposits on the water container. There are two water reservoirs, cold
water and hot water reservoir. The water is continuously pumped from the water reservoirs to the heat exchanger
using a water pump. By this process large quantity of water can be cooled and heated. The temperature is distributed
uniformly and thermal boundary layer does not affect the performance of the system.
Fig 3.1 Working principle of TEC module
Fig 3.2 Aluminum water block heat exchanger design Fig 3.3 Schematic diagram of thermoelectric
cooling and heating system
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4. CFD ANALYSIS
The analysis is performed using solid works flow simulation 2016. The below results are obtained by
assuming the ambient temperature of water as 25 ̊C and room temperature as 27 ̊C. The boundary conditions are set
to 0.001kg/s of inlet mass flow and output to environmental pressure condition .
Fig 4.1 Hot side heat exchanger
The figure 4.1 shows the hot side thermal conditions of the water block heat exchanger. The heat rejection rate
is 91.8W as calculated. The change in temperature from 25 ̊C to 47 ̊C is achieved in the CFD analysis.
Fig 4.2 Cold side heat exchanger
The figure 4.2 shows the cold side thermal conditions of the water block heat exchanger. The heat absorption
rate is -46W as calculated. The negative sign indicated the removal of heat. The change in temperature from 25 ̊C to
14 ̊C is achieved in CFD analysis.
5. EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS
The model was fabricated and the measurements were taken at the room temperature. The chart below
shows the temperature change of water with respect to time. The initial temperature of water was measured to be
27 ̊C at room temperature. The TEC modules were powered using 12V 240W dc power supply. The sample test of
5L of water on two reservoirs was tested and the change in temperature for every 5 min was measure for a period of
30 min. The change in temperature with respect to the time is plotted in a chart shown below.
The Table 5.1 shows the rise of temperature on the hot side heat exchanger. The temperature of water rises
from 27 ̊C to 45 ̊C. The Table 5.2 shows the fall of temperature on the cold side heat exchanger. The temperature of
water falls from 27 ̊C to 17 ̊C.
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Vol-4 Issue-2 2018 IJARIIE-ISSN(O)-2395-4396
Temperature of water at hot side
50
Temperature ( ̊C )
40
Time (min) Th ( ̊C )
0 27 30
5 31 20
10 34 Th ( ̊C )
15 37 10
20 40 0
25 42 0 20 40
30 45 Time (min)
Table 5.1 Temperature vs time on hot side heat exchanger
Temperature of water at cold side
Time (min) Tc ( ̊C ) 30
0 27 25
Temperature ( ̊C )
5 25 20
10 23
15
15 21
Tc ( ̊C )
20 19 10
25 18 5
30 17
0
0 20 40
Time (min)
Table 5.2 Temperature vs time on cold side heat exchanger
Fig 5.3 Experimental setup of project
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6. CONCLUSION
The Thermoelectric Cooling and Heating system for water dispenser is working with satisfactory conditions.
This system produces hot and cold water simultaneously. It is a solid state heat transfer system which requires no
use of refrigerants hence there is no emission of CFC. This system is compact and reduces the size, weight and price
of water dispenser. This system is less effective for cooling than the conventional water dispenser. But can be
improved by using copper heat exchanger. The increase in the power the cooling and heating can be improved and
by using a temperature controller the system could be more power efficient. It holds the future of refrigeration for a
pollution free environment.
REFERENCES
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