UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I

Tutorial 202201

Note: Tutor are required to give a short note of ‘What is a “significant figure”’.

- In the process of calculation, don’t round up or round down too early.

- The final answers are to be written as 2 decimal places. But, in the case of the answer is
less than 0.00, the answer must be written in 4 significant figures.

What is a "significant figure"?

The number of significant figures in a result is simply the number of figures that are
known with some degree of reliability. The number 13.2 is said to have 3 significant
figures. The number 13.20 is said to have 4 significant figures.

Rules for deciding the number of significant figures in a measured quantity:

(1) All nonzero digits are significant:

1.234 g has 4 significant figures,
1.2 g has 2 significant figures.

With zeroes, the situation is more complicated:

(2) Zeroes between nonzero digits are significant:
1002 kg has 4 significant figures,
3.07 mL has 3 significant figures.

(3) Leading zeros to the left of the first nonzero digits are not significant; such zeroes
merely indicate the position of the decimal point:
0.001 oC has only 1 significant figure,
0.012 g has 2 significant figures.

(4) Trailing zeroes that are also to the right of a decimal point in a number are significant:
0.0230 mL has 3 significant figures,
0.20 g has 2 significant figures.

(5) When a number ends in zeroes that are not to the right of a decimal point, the zeroes
are not necessarily significant:
190 miles may be 2 or 3 significant figures,
50,600 calories may be 3, 4, or 5 significant figures.

The potential ambiguity in the last rule can be avoided by the use of standard exponential,
or "scientific," notation. For example, depending on whether the number of significant
figures is 3, 4, or 5, we would write 50,600 calories as:
5.06 × 104 calories (3 significant figures)
5.060 × 104 calories (4 significant figures), or
5.0600 × 104 calories (5 significant figures).
By writing a number in scientific notation, the number of significant figures is clearly
indicated by the number of numerical figures in the 'digit' term as shown by these
examples. This approach is a reasonable convention to follow.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Tutorial 1
Topic 1: Mathematical Techniques

1. Write 7.5456525 to:

(a) 2 decimal places
(b) 3 decimal places

2. Express 565.299 to:

(a) 4 significant figures
(b) 3 significant figures
(c) 2 significant figures
(d) 1 significant figure

3. Express 0.05051 to:

(a) 3 significant figures
(b) 2 significant figures
(c) 1 significant figure

4. Factorize the following expressions.

(a) 4x2 – 16z2
(b) p2q2 – 625

5. Simplify:
(a)
x−2 2 x+1
9 ×3
x
(b) 27

(c)

(d)

6 Solve the following equation:

(a)
(b) (x- 4)2 = 4(5 - 2x)

7. PB books shop sells books at 20% discount from the retail price. If it sells a book for
RM32. Find
(a) The retail price.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

(b) The customer only pays for RM25.00 for the second book. What was the
further reduction in percentage?
(c) The overall percentage discount obtained by buying the two books from the
shop in the sale compared with the manufacturer’s retail price.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Tutorial 2
Topic 1: Mathematical Techniques

1. Solve for x :
x
(a) 4 (3 )=8
2x
(b) e =4
2x x
(c) 5 6 =811
x 10
(d) 53 =10

2. Use the rules of logs to simplify

3
(a) log a ( xy )−log a √ x +2 log a x
(b)
9 log b x−4 log b y

3. A team of financial advisers guiding the launch of a national newspaper has modeled the
future circulation of the newspaper by the equation N = c(1 – e-kt), where N is the daily
circulation after t days of publication, and ‘c’ and ‘k’ are positive constants. When the paper
1
k= In3.
is launched audits show that c = 800,000 and 20

(a) Transpose this formula to show that

1
t= In
k (
c
c−N )
(b) Calculate the daily circulation after 20 days of publication.

(c) After how many days will the daily circulation first reach 525,000?

(d) What advice can you give the newspaper proprietor if it is know that the paper will break
even only if the daily circulation exceeds 750,000?

()
t
7
100
0
4 The temperature of mercury in C , t minutes later is given by 8 . Find the
minimum number of minutes required for the temperature of the liquid to drop below
0
60 C . Round up to the nearest whole number.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Tutorial 3
Topic 1: Mathematical Techniques

1. Sketch the graph and find its maximum or minimum value of the following quadratic:
2
(a) f (x )=x −4 x+3
2
(b) f (x )=2−8 x−x
2. The supply and demand equations of a pair of safety shoes are given by Q S = P – 8 &
80−P
QD =
3 where P, QS and QD denote price, quantity supplied and quantity demanded
respectively.
a) Find the equilibrium price and quantity.
b) If the government imposes a fixed tax of RM36.00 on each pair of shoes, find the
equilibrium price and quantity.

3. Differentiate:
3 2 3
(a) y=x (x +5)
2
2x
y=
(b) √ x−1
(c)

dy
=−6 x+4
4. Given that dx when x = 0 and y = 5. Find the function of y.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Tutorial 4
Topic 1: Mathematical Techniques

1. A computer firm launches a new monitor on 1st June 2021. During the following period a
rough estimate of the number of orders, N received t days after the launch is given by
2 3
N=3 t −0 .08 t . What is the maximum number of orders received on any one day of the
year?

2. The XYZ firm’s total cost function is TC= 5Q2 +20Q + 100. If the firm’s product could sell in
a competitive market at a price of RM 120 per unit, how many units would you sell in order to
maximize total profits? What is the maximum profits?

3. A business analyst from Factory A which is located at Bayan Lepas, Penang, estimated that
620−P
QD =
the demand function facing the factory for ‘Optical Transceivers’ is 12 .
He further reported that if Q ‘Optical Transceivers’ are demanded in a particular day, the
total fixed cost is RM200 while the variable cost is RM (200+2Q ) per unit.

(a) Find the expressions for total revenue and total cost.
(b) Find the expression for profit function.
(c) Calculate and verify the profit maximizing level of output. What is the maximum profit
for producing this level of output?
(d) Determine the break-even output levels.
(e) Using the answer obtained from (c) and (d), sketch the curve for profit function. Clearly
show the profit maximizing level of output and corresponding profit level.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Tutorial 5
Topic 2: Index Number

1. The average annual OPEC crude oil price (in US dollars) per barrel is given as follow.
Year 2017 2018 2019 2020
Oil price 52.51 69.78 64.04 41.47

Construct index number series for the oil price with the year 2017 as base year.

2. The table below shows the consumer price index (CPI) from year 2013 to 2018 of a country:

Year Consumer Price Index Consumer Price Index

(Base year = 2013) (Base year = 2015)
2013 100  
2014 105.4  
2015 107.3 100
2016 113.4
2017   109.6
2018   105.5

(i) Construct a chain index to link the series together with a base year of 2013.
(ii) Based on your finding in (i), interpret the index of 2018.
(iii) Construct another index number series (2013–2018) using year 2014 as base year.

3. The table below shows the prices and relative prices of the fuel sold over the past four years,
find the value a,b,c,d,e and f.

Year Price (RM) Price Relative Price Relative

(2015=100) (2016=100)
2015 150 100 a
2016 b 80 100
2017 180 c d
2018 e f 250
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

4. KPK Company produces and sells three types of kitchen appliances. The following table
contains information on price and production of items sold for 2017 and 2018:
2017 2018
Price Production Price Production
Type (RM) (in '000 unit) (RM) (in '000 unit)
Coffee maker 10.5 500 11.8 650
Blender 5.5 800 5.8 900
Rice cooker 8 400 9 510

(a) Find the average price relative index for the year 2018 using 2017 as the base year.
(b) Calculate the Laspeyres quantity index for the year 2018 using 2017 as the base year.
Interpret your result.
(c) Calculate the Paasche quantity index for the year 2018 using 2017 as the base year.
Interpret your result.

5. The table below shows the average salary together with the consumer price index (CPI)
from 2011 to 2019.

Year Average salary (RM in thousand) CPI (2005 = 100)

2011 2.4 105.1
2012 2.6 116.2
2013 3.12 119.8
2014 3.5 121.5
2015 3.8 125.9
2016 4.5 123.5
2017 4.6 131.21
2018 5.23 132
2019 5.5 135.8

(i) Construct the CPI with the base year of 2011 from 2011 to 2019.

(ii) Compute the average salary at 2011 prices from 2011 to 2019.

(iii) Based on (i) and (ii), tabulate inflation rate and percentage change for average salary
from 2012 to 2019.

(iv) Based on (iii), comment on whether the average salary could afford the cost of living
from 2012 to 2018. Provide your reasoning to support your answer.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Tutorial 6
Topic 3: Financial Mathematics

Note: Students are required to write out the value for S=FV, PV, i and n for each of the
question.

1. Calculate the future value of RM 16,000 invested for 5 years at 7% per annum in the
condition of,
(a) Simple interest
(b) Compound interest

2. A lump sum amount of RM 4,000 is invested at 8% per annum compounded quarterly. How
long will it take for the investment to amount to RM 12,000?

3. What is the effective annual rate if a bank charges you 7.64% compounded quarterly?

4. Your parents are planning to retire in 15 years. They currently have RM 250,000 and they
would like to have RM 1,200,000 when they retire. What annual rate of interest would they
have to earn on their RM 250,000 in order to reach their goal.

5. You just started your first job and you want to buy a house within 3 years. You are currently
saving for the down payment. You plan to save RM 5,000 the first year. You also anticipate
that the amount you save each year will rise by 10 percent a year as your salary increases
over time. Interest rates are assumed to be 5 percent and all savings occur at year end. Sketch
the time line. How much money will you have for a down payment in 3 years?

6. John wants to further his study at overseas university for his master degree in 5 years. In order
to accumulate the money for his further study, he has the following sources of funds: (i) He
has fixed deposit of RM5,000 now that paying 8% interest rate compounded quarterly. (ii)
Year 1, his grandfather will give him RM5,000 and he will deposit the money into his fixed
deposit. Determine the total accumulated amount at the end of fifth year.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Tutorial 7
Topic 3: Financial Mathematics

Note: Students are required to write out the value for S, P, i, R and n for each of the
question.

1. David has RM 150,000 in his retirement account at his present company. Because he is
assuming a position with another company, David is planning to transfer his assets to a new
account. David also plans to put RM3,000 at the end of each quarter into new account until
his retirement 20 years from now. If the account earns interest at the rate of 8% per year
compounded quarterly, how much will David have in his account at the time of his
retirement?

2. John secured a bank loan of RM 250,000 to help the purchase of a house. The mortgage is
to be amortized through monthly payments for a term of 25 years, with an interest rate of
7.2 % per year compounded monthly on the unpaid balance. What are the monthly
payments? If he plans to sell his house in 10 years, how much will John still owe on his
house?

3. A debt of RM5 000 with interest at 10% compounded 6 monthly is amortized by equal
semi-annual payments over the next 2 years.
(a) Find the value of each payment
(b) Construct an amortization schedule
(c) How much interest will you be paying?

4. It is estimated that an investment in a new process will cause the following cash flow:

End year 0 1 2 3 4
Cash Inflow (RM) 10,000 20,000 20,000
Cash Outflow (RM) 20,000 15,000

The firm wishes to earn at least 10 percent per annum on project of this type.
(a) Calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) of the project and comment on the course of
action to be taken.
(b) Using interest rate of 10% and 20 % to estimate the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) for
the project.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Tutorial 8
Topic 4: Linear Programming

1. Find the graphical solution of the inequality:

a) 4x – 8 > 0 b) 3y + 12 ≤ 0 c) 2x + 3y < 6 d) 3x – 4y  12

2. Formulate, but do not solve, a linear program describing the following scenario. Double A
produces two models of machines: A and B. To produce one unit of model A, it requires 3 kg
of iron and 3 minutes of labor. To produce one unit of model B, it requires 1 kg of iron and 3
minutes of labor. The revenue is RM 3 for one unit of model A and RM 2 for one unit model
B. There are 600 kg iron and 20 labor hours are available for the production per day. How
many machines of each model should make in order to maximize its revenues?

3. ART Furniture Sdn Bhd produces six products from six inputs. Each product requires different
combinations and amounts of inputs. The following table shows the profit and raw materials
requirements for each product. The last column shows the total amounts of raw materials
available.

Products 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total
Amounts
of inputs
Profits (RM) 60 70 48 52 48 60

Inputs required:
Aluminum 0.5 2 - 2 1 - 400
Steel 2 2. 1.5 - 0. - 580
5 5
Plastic - 1. 4 - 0. - 890
5 5
Rubber 1.5 - 0.5 1 0. 2.5 525
5
Glass 1.5 2 1.5 1 1 2 650
Chrome 0.5 2 0.5 2 1. 2 620
5
The company plans to maximize profit. Formulate, but do not solve, a linear program
describing the above scenario.
(Let Xi be the numbers of product should be produced. (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6))

4. The U Technology Company manufactures and exports two models of stereo systems, the basic
model, CD20 and the advanced model, CD90. CD20 contributes a profit of RM10 per unit to the
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

company while CD9 contributes RM40 each. The output of both models is limited by both
production and assembly time. Currently, U Technology Company takes 150 minutes of
production time and 30 minutes of assembly time for each unit of CD20. As for CD90, it
requires 100 minutes of production time and 60 minutes of assembly time. At this moment,
the production department has a maximum capacity of 240 hours per week. And for the
assembly department, it has a maximum capacity of 60 hours per week. The company can
export all that it can produce but international quotas restrict the sales of CD20 to 80 units
per week and CD90 to 40 units per week respectively.
5. An oil company has two refineries, which are used to produce at least 8,000, 24,000 and
5,000 barrels of low, medium and high grade oil respectively. Each day, Refinery I produces
2,000 barrels of low, 4,000 barrels of medium and 1,000 barrels of high grade oil, whereas
Refinery II produces 1,000 barrels of low and high grade oil, and 4,000 barrels of medium
grade oil. If it costs RM 20,000 per day to operate Refinery I and RM 12,500 per day to
operate Refinery II, how many days should each refinery needs to operate to satisfy the
production requirement at minimum cost? Formulate, but do not solve, a linear program
describing the above scenario.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Tutorial 9
Topic 4: Linear Programming

1. Recall Question 3 from Tutorial 8.

ART Furniture Sdn Bhd produces six products from six inputs. Each product requires
different combinations and amounts of inputs. The following table shows the profit and raw
materials requirements for each product. The last column shows the total amounts of raw
materials available.

Products X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 Total
Amounts
of inputs
Profits 60 70 48 52 48 60
(RM)

Inputs required:
Aluminum 0.5 2 - 2 1 - 400
Steel 2 2. 1.5 - 0. - 580
5 5
Plastic - 1. 4 - 0. - 890
5 5
Rubber 1.5 - 0.5 1 0. 2.5 525
5
Glass 1.5 2 1.5 1 1 2 650
Chrome 0.5 2 0.5 2 1. 2 620
5

Attached is the Solver output for this problem

UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Answer report:
Objective Cell (Max)
Cell Name Original Value Final Value
$I$10 OBJT level of activities 0 28002.84
Variable Cells
Cell Name Original Value Final Value Integer
$C$3 X1 0 217.14 Contin
$D$3 X2 0 0 Contin
$E$3 X3 0 0 Contin
$F$3 X4 0 0 Contin
$G$3 X5 0 291.43 Contin
$H$3 X6 0 16.43 Contin
Constraints
Cell Name Cell Value Formula Slack
$I$4 Aluminum level of activities 400 $I$4<=$K$4 0
$I$5 Steel level of activities 580 $I$5<=$K$5 0
$I$6 Plastic level of activities 145.71 $I$6<=$K$6 744.29
$I$7 Rubber level of activities 512.5 $I$7<=$K$7 12.5
$I$8 Glass level of activities 650 $I$8<=$K$8 0
$I$9 Chrome level of activities 578.57 $I$9<=$K$9 41.43
Sensitivity report:
Variable Cells
Final Reduced Objective Allowable Allowable
Cell Name Value Cost Coefficient Increase Decrease
$C$3 X1 217.14 0 60 18.5 2.5
$D$3 X2 0 -31.14 70 31.14 1E+30
$E$3 X3 0 -2.14 48 2.14 1E+30
$F$3 X4 0 -10.57 52 10.57 1E+30
$G$3 X5 291.43 0 48 5 4.625
$H$3 X6 16.43 0 60 12 6.67
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Constraints
Final Shadow Constraint Allowable Allowable
Cell Name Value Price R.H. Side Increase Decrease
$I$4 Aluminum level of activities 400 16.29 400 46 16. 67
$I$5 Steel level of activities 580 3.43 580 57.5 58
$I$6 Plastic level of activities 145.71 0 890 1E+30 744.29
$I$7 Rubber level of activities 512.5 0 525 1E+30 12.5
$I$8 Glass level of activities 650 30 650 10 32.86
$I$9 Chrome level of activities 578.57 0 620 1E+30 41.43
Answer the following questions:
(a) How many units of each product should the firm produce in order to maximize the profit?
What is the profit of the company?

(b) Which constraints are binding?

(c) Suppose the product 1 profit has increased from RM60 to RM70. What would be the
optimal allocation of product and what would be the profit?

(d) What is the shadow price for the aluminum constraint? What interpretation does this
have?

(e) If supply of glass is now available for 10 extra units, give your advice to ART Furniture
Sdn Bhd.

2. Recall Question 5 from Tutorial 8.

An oil company has two refineries, which are used to produce at least 8,000, 24,000 and
5,000 barrels of low, medium and high grade oil respectively. Each day, Refinery I
produces 2,000 barrels of low, 4,000 barrels of medium and 1,000 barrels of high grade
oil, whereas Refinery II produces 1,000 barrels of low and high grade oil, and 4,000
barrels of medium grade oil. If it costs RM 20,000 per day to operate Refinery I and RM
12,500 per day to operate Refinery II, how many days should each refinery needs to
operate to satisfy the production requirement at minimum cost?

a) Use the Microsoft Excel LP technique to determine the optimal number of days should
each refinery operates. What is the minimum cost of production?

b) Identify and list down the binding and non-binding constraints.

a) If the oil company able to increase the low-grade oil by 100 barrels, using Microsoft
Excel LP sensitivity analysis to find the shadow cost for this extra 100 barrels of low
grade oil, and give your comment to the manufacturer?
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

b) If the oil company wishes to decrease the medium grade oil by 100 barrels, using
Microsoft Excel sensitivity analysis to find the shadow cost for the reduction 100 barrels
of medium grade oil, and give your comment to the manufacturer?

e) If the oil company able to increase the high-grade oil by 100 barrels, using Microsoft
Excel sensitivity analysis to find the shadow cost for this extra 100 barrels of high grade
oil, and give your comment to the manufacturer?
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Tutorial 10
Topic 5: Descriptive Statistics

1. For each of the following, determine whether the group is a sample or a population.
(i) The 15 stocks reported as a part of the Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (KLCI).
(ii) All the drivers who received a speeding ticket in North-South Highway, last month.

2. A survey company asked a sample of 2000 consumers to try a newly developed chicken
burger by “Ramla burger”. Of the 2000 sampled, 1375 said they would purchase the burger if
it is marketed.
(i) What could the survey company report to “Ramla Burger” regarding acceptance of the
chicken burger in the population?
(ii) Is this an example of descriptive statistics or inferential statistics? Explain

1. State whether the data from the following statement is nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio.
(i) Average temperatures in a shopping mall.
(ii) The nationalities of the respondents in a survey.
(iii) A summary of the number of magazine sold by country.
(iv) The satisfaction of the services provided by a Fitness Centre.

4. A professor wants to estimate the study hours of UBEQ1013 QT1 students. Identify and
justify which of these types of sampling is used: cluster, simple random, systematic, or
stratified if:
(i) She teaches two sections, and plans on randomly selecting 10 students from the first
section and 15 students from the second section.
(ii) She assigns each student a number and generates random numbers. She then interviews
each student whose number is being selected randomly.
(iii) Three UBEQ1013 QT1 sections were randomly selected and all students from these
three sections were asked to fill out the questionnaire.

5. A national survey has revealed that 40% of unskilled worker travel to work by public
transports and 50% use their own transport. For all workers, 47.5% use public transport and
one in every ten use methods other than their own or public transport. A statistical worker in
a large factory which is known to have about three time as many skill workers as unskilled
workers has been asked to sample 200 employees for their views on factory-provided
transport. He decides to take a quota sample at factory gate B at five’ o’clock one evening.
(i) How many skill workers will there be in the sample?
(ii) How many workers who travel to work by public transport will be interviews?
(iii) Calculate the quota to be interviewed in each of the six sub-groups defined.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
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Tutorial 11
Topic 5: Descriptive Statistics

Discussion Questions (Note: Use Graph Paper or Microsoft Excel)

1. Table 1: Monthly Rental Rate for Selected Areas 2018

Area Rental rate Area Rental rate
Ampang 534 Rembau 479
Bandar Sunway 551 Salak Selatan 496
Bangi 539 Serdang 535
Bangsar 568 Seremban 501
Damansara 552 Setapak 503
Dang Wangi 534 Sri Petaling 529
Kajang 548 Subang 534
Kelana Jaya 533 SungaiLong 523
Kepong 539 Tasik Selatan 553
Klang 491 Usi 527
Petaling Jaya 537 Wangsa Maju 552

Refer to the data on table above. Suppose that we wish to organize the rental rate into a
frequency distribution with about five classes.
(a) Determine a convenient class interval, given that all class intervals are to be uniform
in size.
(b) Setting the lower limit of the first class at 470, construct the frequency distribution for the
data in table I using a class interval in (i).

2. The radio music listener market is diverse. Lister formats might include adult contemporary,
album rock, top 40, oldies, rap, country and western, classical, and jazz. In targeting
audiences, market researchers need to be concerned about the ages of the listeners attracted
to particular formats. Suppose a market researcher surveyed a sample of 129 listeners of
oldies stations and obtained the following age distribution.

Age Frequency
20 and less than 25 16
25 and less than 30 27
30 and less than 35 44
35 and less than 40 42

(a) Calculate the sample mean.

(b) Construct a histogram to display the data.
(c) Estimate the mode using the histogram.
(d) By constructing an ogive with cumulative percentage, find the lower quartile and upper
quartile.
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3. 56, 32, 54, 32, 23, 67, 23, 45, 12, 32, 34, 24, 36, 47, 19, 43
a) Find the minimum value, maximum value, first quartile, median and third quartile for
the data above.
b) Construct a box–and–whisker plot for the given data above.

4. The following table shows the sample of 150 participants of a dance competition with
following distribution in participants’ age:

Age (Years old) Frequency

15 - 20 30
20 - 25 45
25 - 30 28
30 - 35 24
35 - 40 10
40 – 45 7
45 - 50 4
50 - 55 2

(a) Calculate the sample mean, median and mode for above distribution.
(b) What kind of skewness can we expect from your answer in (a)?
(c) Based on your answer in (b), why participants’ age has such a distribution?
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Tutorial 12
Topic 5: Descriptive Statistics

1. The stock price for ABC Capital Bhd rose 7.88% in January 2005 and declined by
10.37% in February 2005.
(a). Compute the arithmetic mean rate of return.
(b). Compute the geometric mean rate of return.
(c). Explain the difference in the results of b(i)) and b(ii).

2. Two workers on the same job show the following results over a long period of time.
Worker A Worker B
Mean time of completing the job (minutes) 30 25
Standard deviation (minutes) 60 4
a) Which worker appears to be more consistent in the time he requires to complete the
job? Explain.
b) Which worker appears to be faster in completing the job? Explain.

3. Given the following sample data sets: Set A and Set B;

Set A: 9,9,10,10,10,10,11,11
Set B: 3,5,9,10,10,11,15,17
(a) Determine the mean and standard deviation for the data sets above
(b) Determine the coefficient of variation for the data sets above and comments on your
results with reference to the measures that you have calculated.

4. The following table gives the earned run averages (ERAs) for the 2017 season for the
pitching staffs of the 16 baseball teams in the national league.
ERAs Frequency, f
3.00 – 3.50 1
3.50 – 4.00 6
4.00 – 4.50 6
4.50 – 5.00 2
5.00 – 5.50 1
(a) Calculate the grouped mean, variance and standard deviation.
(b) Calculate the grouped median.
(c) Discuss the skewness of the above frequency distribution from results obtained from (a)
and (b).
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Tutorial 13
Topic 6: Probability

1. A survey of new intake of undergraduate students in the UTAR-FBF revealed the following
regarding the gender and majors of the students:
Major
Gender Accounting (A) Economics (E) Other Courses (O) Total
Male (M) 250 175 150 575
Female (F) 240 50 135 425
Total 490 225 285 1000
Note: Other courses referring to Management, Finance, Marketing and Entrepreneurship.
a) What is the probability of selecting a female student?
b) What is the probability of selecting an Economics or Other Courses major?
c) What is the probability of selecting a female or an accounting major?
d) What is the probability of selecting a male student, given that the person selecting an
Accounting major?
e) What is the probability of selecting an Accounting major, given that the person selected
is male?
0.2 C
2. 0.3 A
C’
0.8
0.4 C
0.7 B

0.6 C’

The tree diagram above represents a two-stage experiment, use the diagram to find:
a) P(A  C)
b) P(B  C )
c) P(B C’)
d) P(C)
e) P(A|C)

3. 65% of UTAR students have an ATM card; 75% of those with an ATM card also have a fix
deposit account, whereas only 35% without an ATM card have a fix deposit. Find the
probability that:
a) A UTAR student has a fix deposit account;
b) A UTAR student without a fix deposit account that has an ATM card; and
c) A UTAR student has an ATM card or a fix deposit account.

4. (a) How many ways are there of arranging 3 different jobs between 5 men, where any man
can do only one job?
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

(b) In how many ways can a member of a hiring committee select 3 out of 12 job
applications?

5. A 5-person committee is to be formed from a group of 10 female and 7 male executives.

a) How many 5-person committees are possible?
b) How many of those committees contain 3 females and 2 males?
c) How many of those committees contain at most 1 male?
d) What is the probability that those committees contain at most 1 male?
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201

Tutorial 14
Topic 7: Discrete Probability

1. A survey reveals the following frequencies for the number of coloured TV per household.
Number of TVs Number of Households
0 300
1 470
2 850
3 500
Total 2120

(a) Form the probability distribution for the number of coloured TV per household.
(b) Compute the mean or expected number of coloured TV per household.
(c) Compute the variance and standard deviation.

Calculate the probability of the following events:

(d) The number of coloured TVs is 2?
(e) The number of coloured TVs is two or more?

2. A small cake house at Bandar Sg Long is selling its special banana cheese cake every
morning. The probability that a customer buys the special banana cheese cake is 0.72. If a
sample of 10 customers who have bought cakes in a certain day, find the probability that:
(a) exactly 4 of them bought the special banana cheese cake.
(b) more than 7 of them bought the special banana cheese cake.

3. A UTAR student travels to university by KTM train. The probability that the train is late is
0.2. Over the next three weeks, out of a total of 15 journeys.
(a) Find the mean and standard deviation of the number of times in three weeks that the
student finds the train is late.
(b) Find the probability that the train is late three or fewer times.
(c) Find the probability that the train is late between 6 and 8 (inclusive) times.

4. The probability of successful sales on a single contract is approximately 0.01. If the

salesperson contacts 100 people, what is the approximate probability of making at least one
sale?

5. ABC Bank has an average of 9 customers every two hours.

a) Find the probability that exactly 40 customers come to the bank in a day (assume the
bank operates for 8 hours a day).
b) Find the probability at least 3 customers come to the bank during an hour.
UKEQ1013 / UBEQ1013 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES I
Tutorial 202201