University of Duhok (UOD)
College of Engineering
Mechanical Department
Experiment No. (1)
Discharge over a Vee -Notch Weir
Prepared by: Jwan Adnan
Supervised by: Miss.Naima Areef
Date of experiment: 15/2/2022 & Date of submitting: 1/3/2022
List of contents
Introduction
Objective
Material
Procedure
Calculations
Relationship graph
[2]
Introduction
Weirs are overflow structures built across open channels and
it’s usually perpendicular to the direction of flow. It is
commonly used to either regulate or to measure the volumetric
flow rate. Weirs may be used for proper distribution of water to
canals for irrigation, reducing the hydraulic slope in the canals,
reducing the acting head on regulators etc.
in this experiment we will use the hydraulic bench to find the
coefficient of discharge for a triangular notch (V notch) fitted
on the weir carrier. first, we will find the water head up to the
apex and the steady flow conditions. Next, we will calculate
the discharge equated both to find cd for the flow.
[3]
Objective
The objectives of the Experiment are:
1- To show the measurement of flow rate.
2- To determine the relationship between upstream head and flow rate for
water flowing over a V-Notch weir.
3- To calculate the discharge coefficient Cd (0.58 to 0.61).
Material
The material used are:
1-Hydraulics Bench.
2-Weir Channel. (V notch)
3-stop watch
4-Hook & point gauge.
[4]
procedure
1. First of all, assemble frame very much.
2. Then you turn on the hydraulic bench as soon as you turn
on the head and relive the water surface it will tend to rise.
3. You have to keep the flow at level they will not make
the flow settings the surface go over to wrangler dodge.
4. You use a hook 2.8 to find head first of all you make the 0 of
both scales equal any attach sends it all to you.
5. You keep and plug the tube to lift it up thinking over to city
flow conditional purpose law, for that case in which the
flow is only to the epics or there no flow actually
[5]
calculations
Qth=8/15√ (2g) *tan (0/2) H5/2
Where:
𝑄𝑡ℎ = Theoretical flow rate
g = acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/𝑠𝑒𝑐2)
H = head of water over the notch, θ = 30 angle of the notch (deg.).
Qact=v/t
Where:
𝑄𝑎𝑐𝑡 = actual flow rate,
V = volume of the collecting tank,
t = time taken to rise volume (liter).
Cd=Qact/Qth
Where: Cd = Coefficient of discharge is a dimensionless discharge
coefficient which takes account the effects of neglecting losses and the
contraction of the jet as it passes over the notch in Qth.
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For example:
Volume =25 lt, time = 26.15 sec, water level = 54 mm,
crest level = 141mm, and θ = 30.
Solution:
H = crest level – water level H = 141 – 54 = 87 mm = 0.087 m.
Qth=8/15√ (2g)tan(θ /2)H5/2 .
Qth=8/15√ (2g)*tan(30/2) (0.087)5/2 =1.413*10-3m3/sec.
Qact=V/t=25*10-3/26.15=9.56*10-4 m3/sec.
Table (1.1): Results with V-Notch Weir
Gauge
Volume Time H Qth Qact
No. Crest reading Cd
level (m)
(m3) (Sec) (m) (m3/sec) (m3/sec)
(m)
1 0.141 0.054 0.025 26.15 0.087 0.001413 0.000956 0.676503
2 0.141 0.057 0.025 26.46 0.084 0.001294 0.000945 0.72988
3 0.141 0.061 0.025 32.42 0.08 0.001146 0.000771 0.672979
4 0.141 0.076 0.025 54.47 0.065 0.000682 0.000459 0.67313
5 0.141 0.094 0.015 65.2 0.047 0.000303 0.00023 0.758925
6 0.141 0.105 0.005 43.49 0.036 0.000156 0.000115 0.738625
Avg. 4.250043
Cd=Qact/Qth=9.56*10-4/1.413*10-3=0.676.
Graghs and skitchs
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Relation between (Qact) and (H)
0.0012
0.00095602294455066
0.00094482237339380 9
0.001 2
0.00077112893275755
7
0.0008
Q act (m3/s)
0.00045896823939783
0.0006 4
0.0004 0.00023006134969325
1
0.00011496895838123
0.0002 7
0
0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
H (m)
Q act against H5/2
0.0012
0.001
f(x) = 0.433272312590942 x + 9.59613930273065E-06
0.0008
Q act (m3/s)
0.0006
0.0004
0.0002
0
0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025
H5/2 (m)
Slope: Q / H5/2 =0.433
[8]
Cd against H
0.78
0.76
0.74
f(x) = − 1.17503907389186 x + 0.786480585109986
0.72
0.7
Cd
0.68
0.66
0.64
0.62
0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
H (m)
Cd= (slope*15)/(8*tan15*√2𝑔) =-1.75
[9]
Q act against H
0.01
Q act
0.000944822373393802
0.000956022944550669
0.001
0.000771128932757557
0.000458968239397834
0.000230061349693251
0.000114968958381237
0.0001
0.01 0.1
H (m)
[10]
Conclusion and discussion
The discharge coefficient (Cd) for broad crested V-notch side weir is
studied as a function of both hydraulic and geometrical parameters
(F1 , p/h , y1/h , and y1/p ) and from analysis of experimental results a
mathematical models were developed for angle 30 digree which
enable to determine the side weir discharge coefficient (Cd). The
previously developed models give a good estimation when compared
with predicated and calculated values of discharge coefficient And
from the calculations we found that the value of Q act increase with the
H.
[11]
References
www.sciencedirect.com
www.coursehero.com
www. bedoeg.com
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