Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PAMPANGA

Mathematics 8 — Week 6
If-then / Conditional, Converse, Inverse and Con-
trapositive of a Statement

Hello kids! It’s me! Ma’am Sarah! I am your tour guide in

your travel around the Philippines. I have chosen you to
be with me in our journey to tour you to the Southern
Part of the Philippine Island – the Bicol Region. Just
take a dose of learning before we proceed to what we
must do today. Let’s go!
 Before we start let me give you some trivia and
guide so that you won’t be lost. Our first stop is the
Albay Province. Here is your map. I will see you at
the airport. Always remember this “hypothesis

Based on the announcement: If you have a plane ticket, then you

can ride the plane.

In here we can already distinguish what is the hypothesis. Since the

map’s says the hypothesis comes first. Our hypothesis then is “you
have a plane ticket”. Always remember after the hypothesis, conclu-
sion comes after. So your conclusion is “ you can ride the plane”.

Hypotheses followed by a conclusion is called an If-then statement or a

conditional statement.
Example:
If you get good grades, then you will get into a good college.

The part after the "if": you get good grades - is called a hypothesis and the
part after the "then" - you will get into a good college - is called a conclusion.

This is noted as
p→q
This is read - if p then q.
Example:
If I study hard, then I will graduate.
Hypothesis: I study hard

Now let’s try to rewrite a statement into if-then statement

Rewriting a Statement in If-Then Form

Identify the hypothesis and the conclusion of the statement:

I bring my umbrella when it is raining.

Rewrite in if-then form, considering what causes what. In this situation, it is the
rain that causes me to bring an umbrella (not bringing an umbrella that caus-
es rain).

If it is raining, then I bring my umbrella.

The hypothesis is it is raining and the conclusion is I bring my umbrella.
It is also known as CONDITIONAL STATEMENT
Examples:

1. I’ll wash the car if the weather is nice.

Conditional statement: If the weather is nice, then I will wash the car.
2. I’ll be a millionaire when I win the lottery.
Conditional statement: If I win the lottery, then I will be a millionaire.
3. All students like geometry.
Hypothesis: You are a student. Since the given is in general form.
Conclusion: You like geometry. Wherein it is stated that “all” students like
geometry. You just need to make it spe-
Conditional Statement: If you cific. Since the given talks about stu-
are a student, then you like
dents, and you are a student. Therefore,
geometry.
you belong to the group of “all stu-
dents”.
4. All right triangles have right angle.
Conditional Statement: If it is a right
Hypothesis: It is a right triangle. triangle, then it has right angle.
Conclusion: It has right angle.

Now that you know the

 Relationship between hypothesis and con-
clusion of an if-then statement
 Transform a statement into equivalent
if=then form
Let us go to our first destination the Mayon Vol-
cano. To ride the jeepney you need to answer
the following problem. Good luck!

Identify the hypothesis and conclusion by underlining once the hypothesis

and twice the conclusion.

1. If a polygon has six sides, then it is a hexagon.

2. If I say bad words, then I will be punished.

3. If a number is even, then it is divisible by two.

4. If the weather is nice, then I will wash the car.

5. If I win the lottery, then I will be a millionaire,

Cagsawa Ruins is one of the most iconic tourist landmarks in Legazpi. The
church was built in 1587 then destroyed by Dutch pirates in 1636. A priest
had it rebuilt in 1587 but in 1814, the historic eruption of Mayon Volcano
once again destroyed the church and the town of Cagsawa.
 Great! Did you enjoy the view of Mayon Volcano?
To go to our next destination. Just look at the map. For
our next destination you need to answer the activi-
ty so that we can have enough money to buy for
souvenirs. Are you ready?

Match the given hypothesis to its corresponding conclusion. Write the letter
of your answer on the blank before each number.

___1. If Sandra studies her lesson A. then heavy rain is pouring.

yesterday, B. then her stomach is full.
___2. If Marie sleeps at 12 mid- C. then she received a high
night, score.
___3. If the sky is gray, D. then she will be safe from the
___4. If Alex ate 3 cups of rice, virus.

___5. If Thea wear her facemask, E. then she is always sleepy.

Good Job! Here is your reward. To go to our next desti-

nation which is the beautiful Daraga Church and have
again some money. Answer first the following activity.

Transform and identify the hypothesis and conclusion of the if – then

statements.

1. Bob will go to the store if Anna tells him what to buy.

Conditional statement:
p:
q:
2. If 7x2 = 63, then x = 3
Conditional statement:
p:
q:
3. If a number is prime, them it has only two factors.
Conditional statement:
p:
q:
4. If segments are congruent, then they have the same length.
Conditional statement:
p:
q:
Daraga Church
5. The sky is gray therefore it will rain.
Conditional statement:
p:
q:
 Very good! Here is your reward. And let’s explore more
the Daraga Church. Do you want to have a picture
with it? Okay!
Let’s answer first the next activity so that we can have a
picture and let’s find a photographer.

Choose the correct by writing it on the blank before each number.

___1. Which of the following is a conditional statement?

A.) Amy plays soccer or Tim plays hockey.
B.) Tim play hockey when Amy plays soccer.
C.) If Amy plays soccer, then Tim plays hockey.
D.) None of the above.
___2. Which of the following represents the relationship of hypothesis and con-
clusion?
A.) p → q C.) p ^ s
B.) q → p D. s ^ p
___3. Which of the following is the p in the statement: If you drink milk everyday,
then you will become healthy.
A.) You will not drink milk everyday. C.) You drink milk everyday.
B.) You will become healthy. D.) You will not become healthy.
___4. Which of the following is the conclusion in the statement: If an angle is in-
scribed, then its vertex is on a circle.
A.) An angle is inscribed. C.) An angle is not inscribed.
B.) Its vertex is on a circle. D.) Its vertex is not on a circle.
___5. If 3x = 12, then x = _______. What should be the value of x to make the
statement true?
A.) 1 C.) 3
B.) 2 D.) 4
___6. What is the conditional statement of “A triangle is an isosceles when the
base angles are equal.”?
A.) If a triangle is an isosceles triangle, then its base angles are equal.
B.) If the base angles are equal, then the triangle is an isosceles triangle.
C.) If a triangle is not an isosceles triangle, then its base angles are not equal.
D.) If the base angles are not equal, then the triangle is not an isosceles triangle.
___7. If 5x = 10, then x = _______. What should be the value of x to make the
statement true?
A.) 1 C.) 3
B.) 2 D.) 4
___8. Which of the following is the q in the statement: If you focus on your stud-
ies, then you won’t fail the subject.
A.) You won’t focus on your studies. C.) You focus on your studies.
B.) You fail the subject. D.) You won’t fail the subject.
___9. Which of the following is the hypothesis in the statement: If two lines are
parallel, then their slopes are equal.
A.) Two lines not are parallel. C.) Two lines are parallel.
B.) Their slopes are not equal. D.) Their slopes are equal.
___10. What is the conditional statement of “The measure of an obtuse angle is
between 90 and 180 degrees”.
A.) If it does not measures between 90 and 180 degrees, then it is not an obtuse
angle.
B.) If it is not an obtuse angle, then it does not measures between 90 and 180
degrees.
C.) If it measures between 90 and 180 degrees, then it is an obtuse angle.
D.) If it is an obtuse angle, then it measures between 90 and 180 degrees.

Did you enjoy exploring Albay Prov-

ince? It’s time to buy souvenirs. To
buy souvenirs, you have to answer
this.

Write each statement into if – then form.

1. The measure of an acute angle is between 0 and 90 degrees.

Conditional statement:
____________________________________________________________
2. Equilateral triangles are equiangular.
Conditional statement:
____________________________________________________________
3. All whole numbers are integers.
Conditional statement:
____________________________________________________________
4. Tamaraws are endemic in Mindoro.
Conditional statement:
____________________________________________________________
5. All right angles are congruent.
Conditional statement:
____________________________________________________________

You did a great job!

You finish exploring Albay Province! Did you enjoy the ad-
venture and activities? I hope to see you again in another
exploration in the Philippine island. Until next time.
1.If a polygon has six sides, then it is a hexagon. 1. C
2. E
2.If I say bad words, then I will be punished. 3. A
4. B
5. D
3.If a number is even, then it is divisible by two.
4.If the water is nice, then I will wash the car.
5.If I win the lottery, then I will be a millionaire.
1. Conditional statement: If anna tells him what to buy, then bob will go to the
store.
p: anna tells him what to buy
q: bob will go to the store
2. Conditional statement: If 7x2 = 63, then x = 3.
p: 7x2 = 63
q: x = 3
3. Conditional statement: If a number is a prime, then it has only two factors.
p: a number is a prime
q: it has only two factors
4. Conditional statement: If segments are congruent, then they have the same
length.
p: segments are congruent
q: they have the same length
5. Conditional statement: If the sky is gray, then it will rain.
p: the sky is gray
q: it will rain
1. C 6. A
2. A 7. B
3. C 8. D
4. B 9. C
5. D 10. D
 5. If the angles are right angles, then they are congruent.

4. If an animal is a tamaraw, then it is endemic to Mindoro.

3. If the number is a whole number, then it is an integer.

2. If it is an equilateral triangle, then its angles are equiangular,

1. If it is an acute angle, then it measures between 0 to 90 degrees.

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statements

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VQEYM
 Before we start let me give you some trivia and guide
so that you won’t be lost. Our second stop is the
Camarines Sur Province. Here is your map. I will see
you at the airport. Always remember this “an if-then
statement can be re-arrange ”.

Based on the announcement: If you have your meal stub, you can eat
at the breakfast buffet.

In here we can say that our given is a conditional statement. Since the
map’s says that if-then statement can be re-arrange. Our hypothesis
then is “you have your meal stub”. So your conclusion is “ you can eat
at the breakfast buffet.”

Given a conditional statement, we can create related sentences name-

ly: converse, inverse, and contrapositive. They are related sentences because
they are all based on the original conditional statement.

To form the converse of the conditional statement, interchange the hypoth-

esis and the conclusion.
Example:
If you have your meal stub, then you can eat at the breakfast buffet.
Converse: If you can eat at the breakfast buffet, then you have your meal
stub.

To form the inverse of the conditional statement, take the negation of both
the hypothesis and the conclusion.
Negations can be no, not, cannot, do not or any word that can make the
statement negative.
Example:
If you have your meal stub, then you can eat at the breakfast buffet.
Inverse: If you don’t have your meal stub, then you cannot eat at the
breakfast buffet.

To form the contrapositive of the conditional statement, interchange the hy-

pothesis and the conclusion of the inverse statement.
Example:
If you have your meal stub, then you can eat at the breakfast buffet.
Contrapositive: If you cannot eat at the breakfast buffet, then you don’t
have your meal stub.
 To help you remember the difference of the
three statement. I will give you a note.

Statement If then

Converse q p p - hypothesis

Inverse not p not q q - conclusion

Contrapositive not q not p

To better understand the three statements. Analyze the given example.

Example:
If the typhoon is signal no. 2, then there is no class.
Converse: If there is no class, then the typhoon is signal no.2
Inverse: If the typhoon is not signal no. 2, then there is a class.
Contrapositive: If there is a class, then the typhoon is not signal no. 2

Look at the conclusion. Since it is already in a negative form, when you

negate it, it will become positive. I think you are ready to go for our ad-
venture. Grab your bag and get ready. Let’s go!

NOTE:
 If the conditional statement is true, then the
contrapositive is also logically true.
 If the converse is true, then the inverse is also
logically true.

Now that you know the

 Inverse, converse and contrapositive of an if-then statement
 Illustrates the equivalence of a statement and its contrapositive as
well as converse and inverse.
Let us go to our first destination the Carmoan Island. To ride the vinta
you need to answer the following problem. Good luck!

Supply the missing word or phrase on the

blanks to make each statement correct
by choosing from the different vinta’s. You
can use the same word twice.
 hypothesis converse conclusion interchange

negate contrapositive

1. A conditional statement is composed of __________ and ___________.

2. To get the converse of a conditional statement, ___________ its hypothesis
and conclusion.
3. To get the inverse of a conditional statement, ____________ its hypothesis
and conclusion.
4. To get the contrapositive of a conditional statement, _________ and _______
its hypothesis and conclusion.
5. A conditional statement and its _______ are logically equivalent, whereas
the converse and _________ of a conditional are logically equivalent.

Great! Did you enjoy the riding the vinta?

For our next destination which is the CamSur watersports
Complex you need to answer the activity so that we
can have enough money to rent the wakeboard. Are
you ready?

In each given, there are two statements. The first is a conditional statement,
and the second could be its converse, inverse, or contrapositive. Determine
what is the second statement by writing if it is converse, inverse or contraposi-
tive on the corresponding wakeboard.

1. If two angles are congruent, then they have

the same measure.
If two angles have the same measure, then
they are congruent.

2. If the sum of two angle measures is 90°, then

they are complementary.
If the sum of two angle measures is not 90°,
then they are not complementary.

3. If the sum of the measures of the interior an-

gles of a polygon is 180°, then the polygon is a
triangle.
If a polygon is not a triangle, then the sum of
the measures of its interior angles is not 180°.

4. If you add two even numbers, then the sum

will also be even.
If the sum of two numbers is not even, then
the two numbers you added were not even.

5. If a fruit is yellow, then it is a banana.

If a fruit is not yellow, then it is not a banana.
 Good Job! Here is your reward. To go to our next desti-
nation which is the beautiful Daraga Church and have
again some money. Answer first the following activity.

Write the converse, inverse and contrapositive of each statement.

1. If a person lives in Davao City, then that person lives in the Philippines.
Converse Inverse Contrapositive

2. If a person speaks French, then that person is from France.

Converse Inverse Contrapositive

3. If a person is a student, then he or she wears a school uniform.

Converse Inverse Contrapositive

4. If a polygon is a pentagon, then it has five sides.

Converse Inverse Contrapositive

5. If two angles are congruent, then they have the same measure.

Converse Inverse Contrapositive

Very good! Here is your reward. Did

you know that CamSur Watersports
Complexis very famous for foreign-
ers? Because they like the big
waves of the sea.

Combining a conditional and its converse will result in a bicondi-

tional statement. To combine the two statements, you use the
phrase “if and only if”. (iff) abbreviation
Example:
If a triangle has an obtuse angle, then it is an obtuse triangle
If a triangle is an obtuse triangle, then it has an obtuse angle. +

A triangle has an obtuse angle if and only if it is an obtuse angle.

BICONDITIONAL
 Very good! Here is your reward. And let’s to the Basilica
of Our Lady of Peńafrancia. Do you want to have a pic-
ture with it? Okay!
Let’s answer first the activity so that we can have a pic-
ture and let’s find a photographer.

Choose the correct by writing it on the blank before each number.

___1. Which statement is being formed if you interchange the original Condi
tional statement?
A.) Conditional C.) Inverse
B.) Converse D.) Contrapositive
___2. Which statement is being formed if you negate the original Conditional
statement?
A.) Conditional C.) Inverse
B.) Converse D.) Contrapositive
___3. Which statement is being formed if you interchange and negate the origi-
nal Conditional statement?
A.) Conditional C.) Inverse
B.) Converse D.) Contrapositive
___4. Which statement is being formed if you combine the conditional state-
ment and its converse?
A.) Conditional C.) Converse
B.) Biconditional D.) Inverse
___5. If the polygon is a quadrilateral, then it has four sides.
If the polygon is not a quadrilateral, then it does not have four sides.
What kind of statement is the second statement, based from the first?
A.) Conditional C.) Inverse
B.) Converse D.) Contrapositive
___6. If you obey rules and regulations, then you are a good citizen.
If you are not a good citizen, then you do not obey rules and regulations.
What kind of statement is the second statement, based from the first?
A.) Conditional C.) Inverse
B.) Converse D.) Contrapositive
___7. What is the contrapositive of the statement: “If the number is divisible by 2
and 3, then it is divisible by 6”?
A.) If the number is divisible by 6, then it is divisible by 2 and 3.
B.) If the number is not divisible by 2 and 3, then it is not divisible by 6.
C.) If the number is not divisible by 6, then it is not divisible by 2 and 3.
D.) If the number is divisible by 2 and 3, then it is not divisible by 6.
___8. What is the inverse of the statement: “Parallel lines never intersect”?
A.) If two lines intersect, then they are parallel.
B.) If two lines are parallel, then they never intersect.
C.) If two lines are not parallel, then they intersect.
D.) If two lines intersect, then they are not parallel.
___9. What is the converse of the statement: “If you are inlove, then you are in-
spired”?
A.) If you are not inlove, then you are not inspired.
B.) If you are inspired, then you are inlove.
C.) If you are not inspired, then you are not inlove.
D.) If you are inlove, then you are not inspired.
___10. If you are a Filipino, then you are God-fearing people.
If you are a God-fearing people, then you are a Filipino.
What kind of statement is the second statement, based from the first?
A.) Conditional C.) Inverse
B.) Converse D.) Contrapositive

Did you enjoy exploring Prov-

ince of Camarines Sur? It’s
time to buy souvenirs. To buy
souvenirs, you have to an-
swer this.

In each given, there are two statements. The first is a conditional statement,
and the second could be its converse, inverse, or contrapositive. Determine
what is the second statement by writing if it is converse, inverse or contraposi-
tive on the blank before each number.

_________1. If two angles are complementary, then they total 90º.

If two angles are not complementary, then they do not total 90º.
__________2. If a line bisects a segment, then the segment is divided into two
congruent parts.
If the segment is divided into two congruent parts, then a line bisects a
segment.
__________3. If it rains, then I will not go.
f I will go, then it does not rain.
__________4. If two angles form a linear pair, then they are supplementary.
If two angles are supplementary, then they form a linear pair.
__________5. If it is Saturday, then the school is closed.
If the school is not closed, then it is not Saturday.

You did a great job!

You finish exploring the Province of Camarines Sur! Did

you enjoy the adventure and activities? I hope to see you
again in another exploration in the Philippine island. Until
next time.
 1. hypothesis and conclusion 1. Converse
2. interchange 2. Contrapositive
3. negate 3. Inverse
4. interchange and negate
4. Inverse
CONVERSE INVERSE CONTRAPOSITIVE
1 If that person lives in If a person does not live If that person does not
the Philippines, then in Davao City, then that lives in the Philippines,
he/she lives in Davao person does not lives in then he/she do not
City. the Philippines. lives in Davao City.
2 If that person is from If a person does not If that person is not
France, then, he she speaks French, then from France, then, he/
speaks French. that person is not from she do not speaks
France. French.
3 If he or she wears a If a person is not a stu- If he or she do not
school uniform, then dent, then he or she wear a school uniform,
that person is a stu- does not wear a school then that person is not
dent. uniform. a student.
4 If a polygon have five If it is not a pentagon, If a polygon does not
sides, then it is a penta- then it does not have have five sides, then it
gon. five sides. is not a pentagon.
5 If two angles have the If two are not congru- If two angles does not
same measure, then ent, then they don’t have the same meas-
they are congruent. have the same meas- ure, then they are not
ure. congruent.
1. B 6. D
2. C 7. C 1. Inverse
3. D 8. C 2. Converse
4. B 9. B 3. Contrapositive
5. C 10. B 4. Converse
https://www.varsitytutors.com/hotmath/hotmath_help/topics/converse-inverse-
contrapositive

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MATHEMATICS for the 21st Century Learner, DIWA Publishing, pp 222 – 231

Math Ideas and Life Applications 8, Arlene A. Pascasio, Rigor, B. Ponsones, Regi-
na M. Tresvalles, ABIVA Publushing, pp 290 - 291

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