Clap Switch using op-amp

MICROPROJECT

REPORT

DIPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND

TELECOMMUNICATION

INSTITUTE OF CIVIL AND RURAL ENGINEERING ,

GARGOTI

( GOVT – AIDED )

YEAR ( 2020-21 )
Clap Switch Using Op-Amp
1
 SUBMITTED TO = SUBMITTED BY

DIPARTMENT OF Mayur Sutar

ELECTRONICS Navjot Kamble
AND Pranil Kamble
TELICOMMUNICATION Parth Nilam
Chinmay Kore

PROJECT TEME MEMBERS

2
 SR TEME MEMBERS ROLL SIGN
NO. NAME NO

1. Mayur Sutar 14

2. Navjot Kamble 01

3. Pranil Kamble 19

4. Parth Nikam 11

5 Chinmay Kore 09

CONTENTS
3
1 . Introduction
2 . Block Diagram
3 . Circuit Diagram
4 . Components
5 . Working of Circuit
6 . Advantages of & Disadvantages
7 . Application

Introduction

4
This is a project on clap switch which can switch on / off any electrical
circuit by the sound of a clap. The operation of the circuit is simple if we clap
the lamp turns on and to switch it of clap again. the condenser microphone
picks up the sound of your claps coughs, and the sound of that book knocked
off the table. It produces a small electrical signal which is amplified by the
succeeding transistor stage. Two transistors cross connected as a bi-stable
multi vibrator change state at each signal. One of this transistor drives a
heavier transistor which controls a lamp. This circuit can switch on and of a
light, a fan or a radio etc. by the sound of a clap.

This is constructed using basic electronic components like resistor,

transistor, relay, transformer, capacitors. This circuit turns 'ON' light for the
first clap. The light turns ON till the next clap. for the next clap the light turns
OFF. This circuit works with 12V voltage. Therefore a step-down
transformer 12V/300mA is employed.

This working of this circuit is based on amplifying nature of the transistor,

switching nature of transistor, relay as an electronic switch. Basically, this is
sound operated switch.

Block Diagram

5
Circuit Diagram

RESISTOR

6
Resistor are the most common passive electronic component. They are
used to control voltages and currents. While a resistor is a very basic
component, there are many ways to manufacturer them. Each style has
its on characteristics that make it desirable in certain types of
application.
Choosing the right type of resistor important to making high-
performance or precision circuit work well. All resistor basically just a
piece of conducting material with a specific value of resistance.

CAPACITOR

Capacitor has ability to store charge and release them at a letter

time. Capacitance is the measure of the amount charge that a
7
capacitor can store for given applied voltage. The unit of
Capacitance is the farad ( F ) or microfarad. The capacitor used in
the circuit are electrolytic-capacitor. In the circuit the electrolytic
capacitor is used as a bypass capacitor.

TRANSISTOR

A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch

electronic signals and electrical power. Transistors are one of the
basic building blocks of modern electronics. It is composed of
semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for
8
connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one
pair of the transistor's terminals controls the current through another
pair of terminals. 

RELAY

A relay is an electrically operated switch. It consists of a set of input

terminals for a single or multiple control signals, and a set of operating
contact terminals. The switch may have any number of contacts in
multiple contact forms, such as make contacts, break contacts, or
combinations thereof. Relays are used where it is necessary to control

9
a circuit by an independent low-power signal, or where several circuits
must be controlled by one signal.

Working Of Circuit

This is a project on CLAP SW ITCH which can switch on/off

any electrical circuit by the sound of the clap. The clap-operated circuit
is a circuit which operates by clapping from a remote point. When a
person claps one, the first output of the circuit is turned on. If another
one is clapped, the second output is switched on and then another one
will cause to energize the third output.
The basic idea of clap switch is that the electric microphone
picks up the sound of your claps, coughs, and the sound of that book
knocked off the table. It produces a small electrical signal which is
amplified by the succeeding transistor stage. Two transistors cross
connected as a bistable multivibrator change state at each signal. One
of these transistors drives a heavier transistor which controls a lamp.
Basically, this is a Sound operated switch.

10
Advantages
 Automatically controls lights within a specified
range by clapping action
 It is an advantageous technology for mobility-
impaired person
 Reliable
 Cost is low
 It provides good output efficiency.

Disadvantages
 It is cumbersome compared to traditional control
switch
 The filter should be added in the circuit
compulsorily for working.

11
 Applications
Clap activated switch device will serve will different phono-
controlled application.
Clap Switch is generally used for light, television, radio, or
similar electronic device that the parson will want to turn on/of
from bed.
This circuit functions on using the sound energy provided by the
clap which is the converted into electrical energy by condenser
microphone. using this converted electrical energy which is used
to turn on relay ( an electrical switch).
The primary application involves an elderly or mobility-impaired
person.

Conclusion
12
 The clap activated switching function properly by
responding to both hand claps at about three to four meter
away and finger tap sound very close range, since both are
low frequency and produce the same plus wave feature. The
resulting device is realizable, has good reliability and it’s
relatively inexpensive.
Assemble the circuit on a general-purpose PCB and
enclose it in a suitable box. This circuit is very useful field
of electronic circuit. By using modification it area of
application can be extended in various field. It can be used
to raised alarm in security with a noise and also used at the
place where silence needed.

13