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Mathematics-Optional
By Venkanna Sir and Satya Sir

Linear Programming 2013-2019

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 UPSC - MATHEMATICS optional - 2013 Questions
1. M axim ize z = 2 x 1 + 3 x 2 — 5 x 3

Subject to x 1 + x 2 + x 3 = 7

and 2 x 1 — 5 x 2 + x 3 > 1 0, xj > 0 . [10M]

2. Solve the m inim um tim e assignm ent problem: [15M]

M achines

Mi M3 M3 m4
Jobs h 3 12 5 14
h 7 9 8 12

Js 5 11 10 12

u 6 14 4 11

3. M inim ize

subject to the constraints

x x + 2 x 2 — 2 x 3 + 4 x 4 < 40

2 x 1 — x 2 + x 3 + 2x 4 < 8

4 x 1 — 2x 2 + x 3 — x 4 < 1

Xi> 0 [20M]

UPS C - MATHEM ATICS optional - 2014 Questions

1. Solve graphically:
ally:

M axim ize

Subject to 2 x 1 + x 2 < 1 6

+ x 2 < 11

xx + 2 x2 > 6

5xx + 6 x 2 < 90

x 1, x 2 > 0 [10M]

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2. Find the initial basic feasible solution to the following transportation problem by V ogel’s
approxim ation method. Also, find its optimal solution and the m inim um transportation
cost:

[20M]

Destinations
Z>1 d2 D* D4 Supply
Origins Oi 6 4 1 5 14
02 8 9 2 7 16
03 4 3 6 2 5
D em and 6 10 15 4

3. Find all optimal solutions o f the following linear program m ing problem by the simplex
method:

M axim ize

subject to

x 1 < 32

x 2 < 40

xv x2 [20M]

UPSC - MATHEMATIC S optional - 2015 Questions

1. Solve the following assignm ent problem to m axim ize the sales: [10M]

Territories
I II III IV V
A 3 4 5 6 7
Salesmen B 4 15 13 7 6

C 6 13 12 5 11

D 7 12 15 8 5
E 8 13 10 6 9

2 . Consider the following linear program m ing problem:

M axim ize

Subject to

x2 + 2x3 + x4 = 8

x 1 x 2, x 3, x 4 > 0

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(i) U sing the definition, find its all basic solutions. W hich o f these are degenerate basic
feasible solutions and w hich are non-degenerate basic feasible solution?

(ii) W ithout solving the problem, show that it has an optimal solution. W hich of the basic
feasible solution(s) is /are optimal? [20M]

3. Solve the following linear program m ing problem by the simplex method. W rite its dual.
Also, w rite the optimal solution of the dual from the optimal table of the given problem :

M axim ize

Subject to

— x 1 + 2 x 2 + 3 x 3 < 1

x i, x 2 , x 3 > 0 [20M]

UPSC - MATHEMATICS optional - 2016 Questions

a>*
1 . Find the maxim um value of w ith constraints

x + 2y > 1, 2 x + y < 1, x > 0 an.d

n d yy >> 00by
by graphical
graph al method.
method. [10M]

2. M axim ize z = 2 x 1 + 3 x 2 + 6 x3

Subject to

2x1 + x 2 + x 3 <

3 x 2 + 2x 3 < 6

xx > 0 ,x 2 > 0 , x3 > 0 .

Is the optimal solution unique? Justify your answer. [20M]

UPSC - MATHEMATICS optional - 2017 Questions

1. U sing graphical method, find the maxim um value o f 2 x + y

Subject to 4x + 3 y < 1 2

4x + y < 8

4 x —y < 8

x ,y > 0 . [20M]

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2. Solve the follow ing linear program m ing problem by sim plex m ethod: [20M]

M axim ize

Subject to 2 x 1 + 3x 2 < 8

2x2 + 5 x 3 < 10

3 x x + 2 x 2 + 4 x 3 < 15

xj_,x2 , x 3 > 0 .

3. Find the initial basic feasible solution o f the following transportation problem using
V ogel’s approxim ation m ethod and find the cost. [15M]

D estinations
D, d2 D, d4 As
Oi 4 7 0 3 6 14
Origins o ?l 1 2 -3 3 8 9 Supply
O3 3 -1 4 0 5 17
8 3 8 13 8

Dem and

UPSC - MATHEMATICS optional - 2018 Questions

1. An agricultural firm has 180 tons o f nitrogen fertilizer, 250 tons o f phosphate and 220
tons o f potash. It will be able to sell a m ixture o f these substances in their respectively
ration 3 : 3 : 4 at a profit o f Rs. 1500 per ton and a mixture in the ratio 2 : 4:2 at a profit
o f Rs. 1200 per ton. Pose a linear program m ing problem to show how many tons o f these
tw o mixtures should be prepared to obtain the maxim um profit. [10M]

2. Solve the following linear program m ing problem by Big M -m ethod and show that the
problem has finite optimal solutions. A lso find the value o f the objective function:

M axim ize z = 3 xj_ + 5 x 2

Subject to x 1 + 2x2 > 8

3 x 1 + 2 x 2 > 12

5xx + 6x 2 < 60,

x j.,x2 > 0. [20M]

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3. H ow many basic solutions are there in the following linearly independent set o f equations?
Find all o f them.

2xx — x2 + 3x3 + x4 = 6

4 x x — 2 x 2 — x 3 + 2 x 4 = 10. [15M]

4.

M achine
Mi m7 m 3 m 4 Ms
Oi 24 29 18 32 19
17 26 34 2 2

..
0 , 21

03 27 16 28 17 25
04 22 18 28 30 24
Os 28 16 31 24 27
In a factory there are five operators a nd five machines
M]_, M 2 , M 3 ,M 4, M 5. The operating costs are given w hen the 0 £ operator operates the My
m achine( i , j = 1, 2 , ......, 5 ). B ut there is a restriction that 0 3 cannot be allowed to operate the
third m achine M 3 and 0 2 cannot be allowed to operate the fifth machine M 5 .The cost matrix
is given above. Find the optimal assignm ent and the optimal assignm ent cost also. [15M]

UPSC - MATHEMATICS optional - 2019 Questions

1. Use graphical m ethod to solve the linear program m ing problem.

M axim ize

Subject to

x x — x 2 > 1,

x1 + x3 > 3

and [10M]

2. Solve the linear program m ing problem using Simplex method.

M inim ize Z = x x + 2 x 2 — 3 x 3 — 2 x 4

Subject to

x x + 2x 2 — 3x 3 + x4 = 4

x x + 2x 2 + x 3 + 2x 4 = 4

and [15M]

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3. C o n sid er the follow ing LPP,

M axim ize Z = 2 x 1 + 4 x 2 + 4 x 3 — 3 x 4

Subject to

Xi + x 2 + x 3 = 4

x 1 + 4x2 + x4 = 8

and

Use the dual problem to verify that the basic solution (x 1 , x 2 ) is not optimal.

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