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Markscheme

November 2016

Extended mathematics

On-screen examination

 
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This markscheme is confidential and for the exclusive use of examiners in this
examination session.

It is the property of the International Baccalaureate and must not be reproduced or

distributed to any other person without the authorization of the IB Global Centre, Cardiff.
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The markscheme may make use of the following abbreviations:

RM Assessor has the following annotations that should be used to award marks:
A0 only use to award a zero mark for an answer that has no merit e.g. awarded for the candidate that has a wrong answer with no working

NR only use when the candidate has not made any response also stamp the response with

Marks awarded by stamping the tick

Seen; must be stamped on all blank response areas and on concatenated responses

unclear

 Bullet notation means award 1 mark – see example 1 below

ECF Marks that can be awarded as error carried forward from previous results in the question
BOD Benefit of the doubt
MR misread
NWS no working shown
SC special case
OE or equivalent
WTTE or words to that effect or accept incomplete calculator display
AG Answer given

Example 1 
 1 mark awarded and corresponding notes are aligned 

b  Show clear line of reasoning in the method 45 & 49 seen OE

eg, 49  45  x
2
 4 ACCEPT 45  X/10 = 4.9 and Ans 4
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Error Carried Forward (ECF) marks

Errors made at any step of a solution affect all working that follows. In general, Error Carried Forward (ECF) marks are awarded after an error.
a) ECF applies from one part of a question to a subsequent part of the question and also applies within the same part.
b) If an answer resulting from ECF is inappropriate (eg, negative distances or sinx > 1) then subsequent marks should not be awarded.
c) If a question is transformed by an error into a simpler question then ECF may not be fully awarded.
d) To award ECF marks for a question part, there must be working present for that part.
e) ECF is only applied to working which is correct. This means that all working subsequent to an error must be checked for accuracy.
f) A misread (MR) is an error. ECF is normally awarded.

General points

a) As this is an international examination, accept all alternative forms of notation, for example 1.9 and 1,9 or 1 000 or 1.000. However DO NOT
ACCEPT incorrect mathematical notation e.g x^2 for x2 unless noted otherwise in the MS.
b) Ignore further working after a correct answer unless it indicates a lack of mathematical understanding i.e. if the further working contradicts the
correct answer, then the last mark cannot be awarded.
c) Where candidates have written two solutions to a question, mark the response that deserves more marks.
d) In the markscheme, equivalent examples of numerical and algebraic forms or simplified answers will generally be written in the notes preceded by
OE or equivalent e.g. 1 or 1/2 or 1 2 and x x / 2 or x  2
2 2
e) In the markscheme, information provided in brackets indicate detail that may be seen in a candidate response but is not necessary to award the
marks.
f) Special case marks SC can be allocated instead of but not in addition to the marks prescribed in the markscheme.
g) Accept seeing equation not in-line,
h) Accept notation errors in intermediate steps,
i) When a calculator screenshot is taken, accept not seeing the whole operation
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Task 1

Answers Notes Total

1 •1 set up of one correct equation •1 w  b = 135

•2 set up another correct equation •2 2w  3b = 305

•3 correct working elimination or substitution or trial and improvement •3 w  2b = 270 or 2(135 – b)  3b = 305 An elimination or
substitution step or evidence of trial and improvement must be seen
•4 b = 35
5
For correct answers with evidences of trial and improvement method:
•5 w = 100 Award 3 marks (marks •3 •4 •5 )
Marks •1 and •2 can still be awarded for two equations seen

For correct answers with no working: Award 2 marks

For •1 and •2 accept equations in words OE
Equations seen (•1 and •2 awarded), then for correct answers with
no further working award 4 marks in total
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2 a •1 two correct
x  3 
•2 three correct

•3 four correct x 

2 

b •1 correct expression for the total area •1 x2  3x  2x  6 OR x2  5x  6 OR (x+3)*(x+2)

•2 equating their expression with 210 •2 x2  3x  2x  6 = 210 OR x2  5x  6 = 210

•3 their expression - 210 = 0 •3 x2  5 x – 204 = 0

•4 correct factorisation of their equation, or correct substitution
into the quadratic formula for their equation •4 ( x  17 )( x – 12) = 0

•5 their correctly calculated positive value of x selected •5 x = 12

5
Footnote: The positive x value has to be selected in order to award •5

x = 12 without working award 4 marks

x = 12 with trial and error working award 4 marks
x = 12 with incorrect working award 0 marks
x = 12 with one correct algebraic step award 5 marks

SC: Candidate who does not put their expression =210 and then solves
x2  5x  6 = 0 award 2 marks
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3 a 2  1  3  4  4  3  5  6  6  4  7  2 94

20 20
2  1  3  4  4  3  5  6  6  4  7  2 94 •1 seeing 2 x 1 and 3 x 4 and 4 x 3 for example

20 20

•1 multiplying at least three grades by their frequency OR evidence •2 adding 2 x 1  3 x 4  4 x 3 ..... for example
of adding repeated grades
•4 do not accept any other value but 94/20 (OE)
•2 adding correctly the values of grade multiplied by the frequency
or adding correctly the repeated grades
Footnote: When a calculator screenshot is taken, accept not seeing the
•3
dividing by 20 whole fraction (WTTE)

•4 94/20 94/20 (OE) with any evidence of correct working from the above award 4
marks

4.7 AG
94/20 (OE) with no working award 3 marks

b •1 Evidence of working to find the middle value. •1 attempt to add 1  4  3 or 2  4  6 or writing the repeated grades in
order
•2 5
•2 5 with no working award 2 marks

c 6 8
  0.12
20 20

•1 6/20 OR •1 8/20
3 48
•3 OR OR 0.12 OR their values correctly multiplied
8 25 400
•2 multiplies by OR •2 multiplies by 6/20 48
20 or 0.12 with no working award 2 marks
400
•3 their value after multiplying fractions
Footnote: All fractions must be less than 1.
Adding 6/20+8/20 =14/20 award 1 mark only (for the 6/20 seen)
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d their (48 / 400) 8 3

their (6 / 20) 20
ECF from part (c)
their (48 / 400) 8 2
 OR OR 0.4
their (6 / 20) 20 5

•1 seeing their 6/20

8
•2 dividing their (48/400) by their (6/20) OR 0.4 Correct answer without working award 2 marks
20
•3 the correct value after division
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4 a • (DAC =) 58 (degrees)
1
b • (ADE =) 28
1
c • 180 – (90  28) OR 90 – 28
1

2
•2 (AEC =) 62 62 with no working award 2 marks

d •1 (OED =) 58 •1 seeing 58

•2 (OGD =) sum of their 58 OED and their 28 ADE •2 (OGD =) 58  28

•3 Their = 86 86 with no working award 2 marks

3
OR
Their 58(their DAC)+28 = 86
•1 Seeing 58
•2 Adding 28
•3 86

a) 58 

b) 28 

c) 62 

d) 86   180 ‐(58 +28) = 180 ‐ 86 

or exterior angle = 58 + 28 

 
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5 •1 tan22 •1 accept not seeing this step, can be implied by •2
height
•2 substitutes correctly into tan ratio •2 tan22 =
57.25

•3 calculates the height above the theodolite •3 height = 57.25 x tan 22 = 23.1305….

•4 (their) height  1.2 •4 23.1305… 1.2 = 24.3305…

•5 rounds their height correctly to the nearest cm •5 24.33 (m). Accept 2433 (cm)
Accept seeing rounding to nearest cm in earlier step
Footnote: WTTE accept incomplete calculator display

Alternatively
Alternatively
57.25
•1 cos(22)  5
1
• Substitutes correctly into cosine ratio H
•2 hypotenuse=61.746…

•2 Calculates the length of the hypotenuse

•3 (their 61.746..) 2  57.252  23.1305...
•4 (their23.1305)+1.2
•3 calculates the height above the theodolite (using Pythagoras)

•4 (their) height  1.2 •5 24.33 (m). Accept 2433 (cm)

Accept seeing rounding to nearest cm in earlier step
•5 rounds their height correctly to the nearest cm
23.1305 with no working award 2 marks
23.13 with no working award 3 marks
24.33 with no working award 4 marks
24.33 with one correct step award 5 marks
Footnote: WTTE accept incomplete calculator display
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b •1 attempt to use cosine rule (the selection of appropriate •1 Evidence of using cosine rule even if not completely correct
mathematics)
•2 BC 2  62.312  71.542  2  62.31 71.54  cos10.2
2
• correct substitution in cosine rule
•3 BC = 15.036423…
3
• correctly calculating BC from their rule
•4 BC = 15.04m OR 1504cm
4
•4 correctly approximating their value to the nearest cm
Incorrect cosine rule can be awarded •1. •4 can also be awarded for
correct rounding.
For incorrect use of Pythagoras only •4 can be awarded.

15.04 with no working award 3 marks

15.036423 with no working award 2 marks
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Task 2 Answers Notes Total

6 a •1 substitutes y = 65000 into the equation •1 65000 = 2110 x – 52818
•2 solving their equation correctly for x •2 x = 55.8379…
•3 their value approximated correctly to the nearest million •3 56 million 3
55 with no working award 0 marks
55.8379… with no working award 1 mark
56 million with no working award 2 marks
b •1 substituting correctly their value in 6(a) into the percentage error their 56000000  68488000
formula •1 ( percentage errror )  100
68488000

•2 –18 % Accept not seeing this step. And award it if they make the
2
• their percentage correctly calculated correct calculation for their formula
•3 18 %
•3 their negative percentage written as +ve 3
Final answer must be positive and does not need to be rounded
Footnote:
Award •3 only if their calculation gives a negative value
Accept evidence of substitution seen in calculator screenshot (even if
incomplete due to screenshot limitations) (WTTE)

-18% with no working award 1 mark

18% with no working award 2 marks
c •1 referring to gradient or slope or constant increase or steady •1 Accept: constant line steepness or proportional or rise over run
increase
DO NOT ACCEPT just referring to increase or positive relationship
2
• referring to gradient (or slope) being 2110 which is nearly 2000 2
SC: comparing with a numerical example (other than the given 1000000
allows 2000 jobs) and showing that it is approximately true: Award 1
mark. The increase in passengers must be accompanied by a
corresponding increase in jobs to award this SC.
d •1 substitutes (r =) 1.5 into the equation •1 Accept not seeing this step. 1.5 = 2log(x) + 0.4

•2 re-arranges the equation for x or x2 OR 3.548… seen 1.5  0.4

3
•2 Award 2 marks for 10 2
OR 3.55 million
•3 (x =) 4 million
4 with no working award 2 marks
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6 e

Aspect 1 mark 2 marks 3 marks 4 marks

IR: One numerical factor More than one numerical factor

Identification mentioned from: mentioned
of relevant Length of runway Length of runway
information Number of jobs Number of jobs
Economic activity Economic activity
Size of aircraft Size of aircraft
Number of passengers Number of passengers
Safety considering the Safety considering the measured
measured distance from distance from houses
houses
CM: Uses correctly the Uses correctly the
Calculations Attempts to use the runway length runway length runway length
showing approximately correct (approximately 3.5) to find number of (approximately 3.5) to (approximately 3.5) to 10
numbers without showing passengers find number of find number of
calculations passengers passengers

OR OR AND

Attempts to use the number of jobs Uses correctly the Uses correctly the
assumed (18000) to find the number of number of jobs number of jobs
passengers assumed (25000) to assumed (25000) to
find the number of find the number of
SC: writing approximate values with passengers passengers
reference to tab1 and tab2
JD: Rounding used in any element Justifies their choice of rounding OR
Justification (rounding to nearest million or the implications of working with rounded
of degree of 1 dp is accepted but not to values OR refers to the limitations of the
accuracy 2dp) data by attempting to calculate possible
OR percentage error
Referring to percentage error
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PD: It is sustainable or it is not It is sustainable or it is not sustainable
sustainability sustainable or a balanced or a balanced discussion around
of proposed discussion around sustainability supported by at least two
airport sustainability supported by a relevant comments from:
relevant comment from:

 Safety: It is in a safe area and

 Safety: It is in a safe area referring to distance from houses
and referring to distance or distance from river or both (even
from houses or distance if they measure the distance).
from river or both (even if Environmental impact (pollution)
they measure the distance).
Environmental impact  Length of runway: around 3.5 and
(pollution) possible increase in the future
based on the map
 Length of runway: around
3.5 and possible increase  Room for expansion: there is
in the future based on the land to add more runways in the
map future and increase the number of
jobs and/or economic activity.
 Room for expansion:  Economical expansion outside
there is land to add more the airport
runways in the future and
increase the number of jobs  Facilities and services:
and/or economic activity. availability of transport networks
 Economical expansion
outside the airport

 Facilities and services:

availability of transport
networks
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Further guidance:

For 25000 jobs, the number of passengers is (25000+52818)/2110= 36.88 millions

From the length of runway 3.5, the number of passengers is 35.481m… and hence number of jobs 22046
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7 a •1 substituting 65 correctly into the area formula Allow their area using π or 3.14 or 22/7
•1 (Area =) 2 .
Accept not seeing this step.
•2 4225π or 13273.2289... 4225π with no working award 2 marks

•3 substituting their Area and 30 correctly into the PA formula •3 PA = 0.6 (their area)(303)

•4 calculating correctly their value of PA •4 (=) 215026309.2 or 214917300 or 215112857.1

•5 substituting correctly their value of PA into the PE formula •5 PE = 0.45(their 215026309.2 or 214917300 or 215112857)

•6 their value of PE calculated correctly in watt •6 (=) 96761839.13 or 96712785 or 96800785.71 (w)

•7 writing their value of PE to nearest kw •7 (=) 96762 or 96713 or 96801 (kw)

96762000 or 96713000 or 96801000 do not allow the •7 mark 7

96761839.13 or 96712785 or 96800785.71 with no working award 5
marks

96762 or 96713 or 96801 with no working award 6 marks

96762 or 96713 or 96801 with one correct step seen award 7 marks

Footnote:
Substituting their area into incorrect formula does not allow •3 mark.
•4 can be awarded as ECF only if their formula is not becoming
easier (example: If they do not cube the velocity then the formula is
easier and hence they are not awarded •4 )
The rest of the bullets (•5 , •6, •7 )can be awarded as ECF if
appropriate
b •1 5/2 or 2.5 or 650 seen or 5x130 or 130/2 or 65 Accept showing that half way is 130+130+65=325 for 2 marks

•2 For multiplying 2.5 by 130 or dividing the 650 by 2 or multiplying the

radius of one (130/2 or 65) by 5 2

325 AG
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7 c

Aspect 1 mark 2 marks

IR: Identification of strategy One mentioned from: More than one mentioned from

 Consider the length or width  Consider the length or width and the diameter of turning
and the diameter of turning zone
zone  SC not numerical: bases need to be staggered. Or accept
 SC not numerical: bases need “diagonally placed”
to be staggered. Or accept  Fitting three rows in the 1800 instead of only two
“diagonally placed”  Making turning zones closest possible
 Fitting three rows in the 1800  Consider total area and area of one turbine
instead of only two  Refer to turning zones
 Making turning zones closest
possible
 Consider total area and area of
one turbine
 Refer to turning zones
10
CM a: Calculates number Number of wind turbines : 10–13 Number of wind turbines 14 or more
of wind turbines Or can be seen on the canvas 10–13 Or can be seen on the canvas 14 or more turbines fitting
turbines fitting inside the area inside the area
OR more than 13 turbines but Accept seeing zones of turbines partially outside the area
overlapping inside the area (strictly speaking the centre should be inside the area)
CM b: Estimate
Power Output
Calculates correctly their PE = their number of turbines from
their diagram x their PE of one turbine
Attempts to substitute their area into
formula of PA and PE
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7 c PD: sustainability of wind A relevant comment from: At least two relevant comments from:
farm
 The diameter of the turbine:  The diameter of the turbine: For better use of this land
For better use of this land maybe maybe we need turbines with different diameter
we need turbines with different  The average wind speed: This area experiences an
diameter average wind speed 30 ms-1 and since the turbines do not
 The average wind speed: This operate beyond this wind speed of 30 then this means
area experiences an average that the turbines will not be operating about half the time
wind speed 30 ms-1 and since (at least).
the turbines do not operate  Possibility of expanding the area: When providing an
beyond this wind speed of 30 area there has to be consideration of possible extension
then this means that the turbines and extra area added. OR as there is no more land to add
will not be operating about half more wind turbines so output cannot be increased above
the time (at least). the maximum
 Possibility of expanding the  Turning/turbulence zones of wind turbines: There
area: When providing an area should be no problem if the circular zone of turbines on
there has to be consideration of the extremities go beyond the land because this will not
possible extension and extra affect their effectiveness but the problem is if they overlap
area added. OR as there is no inside the land because this will affect their effectiveness
more land to add more wind  Maintenance or environmental impacts or general
turbines so output cannot be relevant points
increased above the maximum
 Turning/turbulence zones of
wind turbines: There should be
no problem if the circular zone of
turbines on the extremities go
beyond the land because this will
not affect their effectiveness but
the problem is if they overlap
inside the land because this will
affect their effectiveness
 Maintenance or environmental
impacts or general relevant
points
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7 c JD: Justification of degree Rounding used in any element Justifies their choice of rounding OR the implications of
of accuracy working with rounded values
OR
Justified comment like:
Simple comment like:
 Wind speed cannot be guaranteed so the PE is not
 I used the actual answer not the reliable
rounded one from 7a) so the  I used rounded answer form 7a) and the power output
accuracy is exact may differ by …(and they calculate the value) if the
answer was not rounded
 My answer is not accurate as I
think I can fit more turbines in the
area
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Task 3 (total 39 marks)

Answers Notes Total

8 a •1 relation between x-coordinates: states the x values of A is the same SC: Any correct comment(s) about the location award 1 mark
as C but negative (or opposite) Example:
•2 relation between y-coordinates: states the y values of A and C are The x coordinates of both are equally apart from the y-axis
the same OR both 0 OR
They are both on the x-axis and equally distant from y-axis 2
OR
A and C are reflection of each other on the y-axis

SC: Comment on both coordinates saying they (or both) are

opposite signs or they are multiplied by -1 award 2 marks
b • the x coordinate of Q is half the x coordinate of C (or x-coordinate of
1
C double x-coordinate of Q

c •1 (Q4=) (5,3)
•2 (Q5 =) (6,3) 3
•3 (Q6=) (7,3)
d •1 one correct term Accept equivalent expressions with any correct rearrangement or
•2 fully correct not simplified for 2 marks
2
example: 4+2(n-1) OE award 2 marks
Xc = 2n  2 Award 1 mark for each correct term
e • XQ = (2n  2)/2 or n  1 OE Allow ECF from (d) 1

f •1 substitutes a number n ≥ 4 into their equation from (e) SC if “tested” correctly with a value of n≤3 award 1 mark
•2 compares with the corresponding value in the table for 4≤n≤6 or 3
compares with predictions for n ≥ 7
•3 acknowledges that the two values above are equal
g • (Midpoint =) (y1  y2)/2 AND (0  6)/2 Formula must be seen
1
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h 30 Accept inappropriate notation (example: 3-0/2—4)
2  4
•1 for numerator 3 – 0 or 0-3 or vertical distance correctly described in 2
words
•2 for denominator 2– –4 or -4-2 or horizontal difference correctly
described in words
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8 i

Predictions Justify/pro Notation and Communicatio

Mark Description (D) Testing (T) Verifying (V)
(P) of (J) terminology (N) n (L)
Attempted to Attempted to Attempted to Attempted to verify their Attempted The notation and No
make describe a pattern test their general rule for n≥4 (ex: to justify terminology communication
predictions described substitutes in their their have significant Only
1 for any set of pattern or formula n≥4) described errors calculations or
data general rule for pattern or algebraic steps
n≤3 general
rule
Correctly Correctly described Tested Calculates correctly Justified The notation and Weak
predicted one pattern (or a correctly their their value for an n≥4 the general terminology are communication
terms for simple pattern) general rule for and mentions the rule for the mostly correct
2
different sets n≤3 corresponding value in square root
of data the table or the Award only if D4
length AQ is achieved
Correctly Correctly described Comment comparing Correctly Good 24
predicted pattern for the the values above to proved the communication
3 most of terms square root or the verify general
for all sets of length AQ rule for the Award only if J2
data square root is achieved
Correctly Attempted to Correctly
predicted up describe a correct proved the
4 to n=6 for all pattern as general general
sets of data rule for the square rule for the
root or the length AQ length AQ
Correctly described
pattern as general
5
rule for the square
root
Correctly described
6 pattern as general
rule for the length AQ

SC If only the set of lengths is predicted correctly and all others are empty or wrong award (2 marks).