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Packet: Spheres of The Earth

The document summarizes the major spheres that make up Earth's systems, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. It describes the layers of the atmosphere from the troposphere to the exosphere. It also outlines the layers within Earth's interior, including the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The document provides information on the composition and properties of each layer.

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JohnRenzoMolinar
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80 views

Packet: Spheres of The Earth

The document summarizes the major spheres that make up Earth's systems, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. It describes the layers of the atmosphere from the troposphere to the exosphere. It also outlines the layers within Earth's interior, including the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The document provides information on the composition and properties of each layer.

Uploaded by

JohnRenzoMolinar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: ________________________________________________ Measuring the Earth

Date: _______________________________ Period: ___________ Earth Science

Packet: Spheres of the Earth

CLASS NOTES

• Atmosphere - layer of ____________________ • Hydrosphere - layer of ___________________


• Lithosphere - layer of ____________________ • Biosphere - layer of ______________________


• Exosphere - __________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
• With no clearcut boundary gases slowly “leak” out
• Thermosphere - ______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
• Mesosphere - ________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
• Stratosphere - ________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
• Ozone - molecules that absorb harmful ____________________________________ [UV] light
• Troposphere - ________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

"

"

Leigh-Manuell - " 1
Packet: Spheres of the Earth

• Lithosphere - _________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
• Mantle - _____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
• Outer Core - _________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
• Inner Core - __________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

"

Leigh-Manuell - " 2
Packet: Spheres of the Earth

The chart below represents composition, in percent by mass, of the chemical elements found in an Earth layer.

"

1. The composition of which Earth layer is represented by the pie graph?


a. crust
b. troposphere
c. outer core
d. hydrosphere

2. Which layer of the atmosphere experiences a decrease in temperature?


a. Troposphere
b. Stratosphere
c. Thermosphere
d. Exosphere

3. Which layer of the atmosphere experiences a increase in temperature?


a. Stratosphere
b. Mesosphere
c. Troposphere
d. Endosphere

4. Which layer of the atmosphere experiences a decrease in temperature?


a. Mesosphere
b. Stratosphere
c. Thermosphere
d. Exosphere

5. Which two elements make up the largest percentages by mass in Earth’s crust?
a. nitrogen and potassium
b. oxygen and silicon
c. hydrogen and oxygen
d. potassium and oxygen

"

Leigh-Manuell - " 3
Packet: Spheres of the Earth

6. As altitude increases in the troposphere and stratosphere, the air temperature


a. decreases in the troposphere and increases in the stratosphere
b. decreases in both the troposphere and stratosphere
c. increases in the troposphere and decreases in the stratosphere
d. increases in both the troposphere and stratosphere

7. Which pair of elements makes up most of Earth’s crust by volume?


a. nitrogen and potassium
b. oxygen and silicon
c. hydrogen and oxygen
d. potassium and oxygen

8. The hydrosphere covers approximately what percentage of Earth’s lithosphere?


a. 100%
b. 50%
c. 70%
d. 25%

9. In which group are the layers of Earth's interior correctly arranged from the surface?
a. crust, mantle, inner core, outer core
b. crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
c. inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
d. outer core, inner core, mantle, crust

10. In which group are the layers of the atmosphere correctly arranged from the surface?
a. troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, stratosphere
b. stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
c. troposphere, stratosphere,, mesosphere, thermosphere
d. thermosphere, troposphere, stratosphere,, mesosphere,

11. In which atmospheric temperature zone does most precipitation occur?


a. thermosphere
b. mesosphere
c. stratosphere
d. troposphere

12. Which graph best shows the percent by volume of the elements that make up Earth’s hydrosphere?

" a. b. c. d.

"

Leigh-Manuell - " 4
Packet: Spheres of the Earth

Directions: Fill in the layers of the atmosphere, interfaces and answer the questions below.

"

13. What is the temperature of the atmosphere at an altitude of 80 kilometers?

14. What layer(s) of the atmosphere can the temperature be -75ºC?

15. What is the altitude of the tropopause?

16. What is the temperature range of the mesosphere?

"

Leigh-Manuell - " 5
Packet: Spheres of the Earth

Directions: Fill in the “Layer of Earth’s Interior” and “Density” and answer the following questions below.

Density

Depth Layer of Earth’s Interior [g/cm3]

6,000 km

4,000 km

2,000 km

0 km

17. What happens to the density of Earth’s interior as you move from the lithosphere to the inner core?

18. Infer what happens to the temperature as depth increases within Earth’s interior?

19. Infer what happens to the pressure as depth increases within Earth’s interior?

20. What is the composition of the inner core and outer core?

21. Why is the lithosphere [composed of granitic and basaltic rock] found on the surface?

22. What type of relationship exists with temperature and depth within Earth’s interior?

"

Leigh-Manuell - " 6

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