Q1: Explain the difference between e-commerce and e-business ?

Ans: E-commerce is nothing but buying and selling of goods around the web, whereas
e-business refers to undertaking industry, trade, and commerce, with the help of
information technology and communication.
Difference :

1. E-business is
1. E-commerce involves
conduct of business
commercial transactions done
processes on the
over internet.
internet

2. E-commerce is subset of E- 2. E-business is

business. superset of E-business.

3. E-commerce usually 3. E-business involves

requires the use of just a the use of CRM'S,
website. ERP'S that connect
different business
processes.

4. E-commerce just involves 4. E-business includes

buying and selling of products all kind of pre-sale and
and services. post-sale efforts.

5. E-commerce is narrower 5.It is a broader concept

concept and restricted to that involves market
buying and selling. surveying,etc.

6. It is used in the
6. It is more appropriate in
context of B2B
B2C context.
transactions.

7. E-business can
7. E-commerce involves the involve the use of
mandatory use of Internet. internet, intranet or
extranet.

8. Example : Buying of 8.Example : Using of

pendrive from internet by dell, Amazon
 for maintaining business
processes like. Online
Amazon.com,alibaba.com is
customer support, email
considered ecommerce.
marketing supply chain
management.

Q2: What is the function of information superhighway?

Ans: "information superhighway" is used to describe advanced telecommunication

networks used for the transmission of interactive computerised services as part of the

"multimedia revolution". Such services would include those devoted to entertainment

(eg. television, videos, computer games), education (eg. distance learning and collaborative

university research), business (eg. information interchange, video conferencing, teleworking),

medicine (eg. remote consultations) and many others. The term was originally used in the

context of plans by the US Administration to develop a "National Information Infrastructure",

but is now often being used to describe any developments in pursuit of providing large scale,

high capacity telecommunications networks.

Q3: Discuss the advantages & disadvantages of e-commerce?

Ans: E commerce is the activity of buying and selling goods or services online. It has emerged
only recently, but there is already an established concept of ecommerce and its benefits for
conducting business are internationally acknowledged.
The invention of faster internet connectivity and powerful online tools has resulted in a new
commerce arena – Ecommerce. Ecommerce offered many advantages to companies and
customers but it also caused many problems.
Advantages of E-Commerce

 E-commerce provides the sellers with a global reach. They remove the barrier of
place .Now sellers and buyers can meet in the virtual world, without the
hindrance of location.

 Electronic commerce will substantially lower the transaction cost. It eliminates

many fixed costs of maintaining brick and mortar shops. This allows the
companies to enjoy a much higher margin of profit.
 It provides quick delivery of goods with very little effort on part of the
customer. Customer complaints are also addressed quickly. It also saves time,
energy and effort for both the consumers and the company.

 One other great advantage is the convenience it offers. A customer can shop
24×7. The website is functional at all times, it does not have working hours like a
shop.

 Electronic commerce also allows the customer and the business to be in touch

directly, without any intermediaries. This allows for quick communication and
transactions. It also gives a valuable personal touch.

Disadvantages of E-Commerce

 The start-up costs of the e-commerce portal are very high. The setup of the
hardware and the software, the training cost of employees, the constant
maintenance and upkeep are all quite expensive.

 Although it may seem like a sure thing, the e-commerce industry has a high risk of
failure. Many companies riding the dot-com wave of the 2000s have failed
miserably. The high risk of failure remains even today.

 At times, e-commerce can feel impersonal. So it lacks the warmth of an

interpersonal relationship which is important for many brands and products. This
lack of a personal touch can be a disadvantage for many types of services and
products like interior designing or the jewelry business.

 Security is another area of concern. Only recently, we have witnessed many

security breaches where the information of the customers was stolen. Credit card
theft, identity theft etc. remain big concerns with the customers.

 Then there are also fulfillment problems. Even after the order is placed there can
be problems with shipping, delivery, mix-ups etc. This leaves the customers
unhappy and dissatisfied.

Q4: Briefly explain how the public cryptography works?

Ans: Public key cryptography is a class of cryptographic protocols based on algorithms. This
method of cryptography requires two separate keys, one that is private or secret, and one that
is public. Public key cryptography uses a pair of keys to encrypt and decrypt data to protect it
against unauthorized access or use. Network users receive a public and private key pair from
certification authorities. If other users want to encrypt data, they get the intended recipient’s
public key from a public directory. This key is used to encrypt the message, and to send it to the
recipient. When the message arrives, the recipient decrypts it using a private key, to which no
one else has access.

The Rivest-Sharmir-Adleman (RSA) algorithm is the cryptography system that is used for public
key cryptography, which is commonly used when sending secure, sensitive data over an
insecure network like the internet. The RSA algorithm is popular because it allows both public
and private keys to encrypt messages so their confidentiality and authenticity remain intact.

Q5: Explain: 1) Firewalls

2) Antivirus Softwares
Ans: 1) Firewall :-

A firewall is a network security device that monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic and
decides whether to allow or block specific traffic based on a defined set of security rules.

Firewalls have been a first line of defense in network security for over 25 years. They establish a
barrier between secured and controlled internal networks that can be trusted and untrusted
outside networks, such as the Internet. 

A firewall can be hardware, software, or both.

2) Antivirus Softwares :-
Antivirus software is a class of program designed to prevent, detect and
remove malware infections on individual computing devices, networks and IT systems.
Antivirus software, originally designed to detect and remove viruses from computers, can also
protect against a wide variety of threats, including other types of malicious software, such as
key loggers, browser hijackers, Trojan
horses, worms, rootkits, spyware, adware, botnets and ransomware.X
Antivirus software usually performs these basic functions:
 Scanning directories or specific files for known malicious patterns indicating the presence of
malicious software;
 Allowing users to schedule scans so they run automatically;
 Allowing users to initiate new scans at any time; and
 Removing any malicious software it detects. Some antivirus software programs do this
automatically in the background, while others notify users of infections and ask them if they
want to clean the files.
Q6: Explain B2C with examples?
Ans: B2C, or business-to-consumer, is used to describe a commerce transaction between a
business and an end consumer. Traditionally, the term referred to the process of selling
products directly to consumers, including shopping in-store or eating in a restaurant. Today it
describes transactions between online retailers and their customers.
The B2C sector is what most people think of when they imagine an ecommerce business. This is
the deepest market, and many of the names you’ll see here are known quantities offline, too.
B2C sales are the traditional retail model, where a business sells to individuals, but business is
conducted online as opposed to in a physical store.

Examples of B2C businesses are everywhere. Exclusively online retailers include

Newegg.com, Overstock.com, Wish, and ModCloth, but other major B2C model
brick-and-mortar businesses like Staples, Wal-Mart, Target, REI, and Gap.