Mini Project Synopsis

On

“Geyser Timer Circuit”

Group No. A

Submitted by

“Mratyunjay Saxena(2021100977)”

Project Guide

“Dr. Uma Pachauri”

Submitted to

“Mr. Ashish Agrawal”

Department of Computer Science Engineering

Shri Ram Murti Smarak College of Engineering and Technology

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 Bareilly

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 Geyser Timer Circuit

Introduction

The word "geyser" actually relates back to the first geyser ever
discovered, Iceland's Geysir. As we know all live a busy life in present time.
Many of us need hot water for bath and other works mainly in winter season.
For this we use Geyser ON the switch and take hot water from it then switch
OFF but sometimes forget to OFF. That’s why electricity waste on that and also
to OFF that there is waste of time and most important money. So we need the
automatic timer circuit to OFF the appliance.

Some modern geysers have cyclical timer switches equipment both ON

and OFF at preset times over a period, then repeats the cycle; the period is
usually 24 hours or 7 days.

When geyser operates by using electricity to heat water to the set

temperature of the thermostat. It requires more electricity to repeat the cycle of
heating water per day approximately 15 to 30 minute electricity waste to repeat
switch off. So that we use timer in electric geyser that easily control all the
process of switching.

Objective of the Project

The main objective of this project is to reduce the wastage of the

electricity and time. Switch ON the timer and the geyser at the same time. After

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preset time the geyser automatic switched OFF. That help to save time of
switched OFF. The cost of electric bill also reduce in that way.

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Requirements

There are two types of Hardware requirements and Software

requirements. This project have only Hardware component.

Hardware requirements:

Hardware refers to something which we can touch and use mainly.

Hardwares work on electricity and are visible. There is mainly we use
hardwares to make this project such as

1) 555 Timer IC
2) BC547 Transistor
3) 1000uf 16V Capacitor
4) 1k 0.25watt Resistor
5) 10k 0.25watt Resistor
6) 1M Trimmer
7) LED 5mm
8) 1N4007 Diode
9) 12V SPDT Relay
10) Pushbutton
11) Connectors & IC Base
12) Acrylic sheet

Software requirements:

Software refers to something which we can’t touch. Software work on

online network system and these are non visible. And Software are use

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manually but some time it use automatically. There is no any type of software
used in this project.

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Methodology
Following steps are used to make this project:

Step I – Firstly I take a PCB sheet and hole it in according to the circuit needed.

Step II – Then I put all the required equipments like 555 timer IC, IN4007
Diode and all other on it one by one.

Step III – I give supply to it.

Step IV – I put a resistance of 10k to measure the time of turning of the circuit.
By using the formula:

Delay time = 1.1× Resistance(ohm)×Capacitor(farad)

= 1.1×10000×0.001

= 11sec

Step V – Then I take a resistance of 1k to measure the time.

Delay time = 1.1×1000×0.001

= 1.1sec

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Functionality

There is some hardwares used to make this projects all have different
function such as:

555 Timer IC-

The Timer Integrated circuits(IC) are used to produce time delay intervals
for triggering a load. This time delay is set by the user. It works by binary ripple
counter which generates the basic time delay pulses. Variable resistor can be
adjusted to get different time delays. 

BC547 Transistor-
The BC547 transistor is an NPN transistor. A transistor is nothing but the
transfer of resistance which is used for amplifying the current. A small current
of the base terminal of this transistor will control the large current of emitter and
base terminals.

1000uf 16V Capacitor-

1000uF 16V Electrolytic Capacitor is a high quality electrolytic capacitor
which offers long life and high reliability.

10k 0.25watt Resistor-

Commonly both used in breadboards and perf boards, these resistors

make excellent pull-ups, pull-downs, and current limiters.

1k 0.25watt Resistor-
It is meant to pull the base of the transistor to a known state (ground)
when the control signal is missing/open/high input.

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1M Trimmer-
Trimmer is a miniature adjustable electrical component. They’re designed
for “set and forget” applications to “trim” the value of a resistor in order to
provide an exact gain, output voltage, or current.

1N4007 Diode-
1N4007 is a PN junction rectifier diode.1N4007 is a rectifier diode,
designed specifically for circuits that need to convert alternating current to
direct current. It can pass currents of up to 1 A, and have peak inverse voltage
(PIV) rating of 1,000 V.

12V SPDT Relay-

The SPDT Relay(30A) is a high quality Single Pole Double Throw
Relay(SPDT).The Relay consists of a coil, 1 common terminal, 1 normally
closed terminal, and one normally open terminal. When the coil of the relay is at
rest (not energized), the common terminal and the normally closed terminal
have continuity.

Application of timer circuit

Timer Circuit is use every place. If accuracy of time is need in electricity

then we have to use the timer circuit. The main application are as follows:

1. In Geyser
2. In Traffic lights
3. Accurate clock signals
4. De-bounce switches
5. PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) and PPM (Pulse Position Modulation)
circuits

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 6. Monostable multivibrator….

Advantage of timer circuit

A timer switch will allow you to sleep peacefully knowing that

you’re not using unnecessary energy. In fact, over time you will have
lowered your energy costs.

Not just lights, you can also set timers to automatically turn
on/off devices such as TVs and chargers so they’re not running round
the clock.

Timer switches can secure your home. By connecting your

indoor and outdoor lighting to a timer switch, you can prove that your
home is occupied even when you’re away.

Limitations of timer circuit

One disadvantage of the popular 555 timer, however, is the

inaccuracy of the timer setting. A 555 timer works through charging
an external capacitor and detecting a voltage threshold. This circuit is
very easy to create, but its accuracy depends strongly on the actual
value of its capacitor.

It can’t accept a positive pulse input directly. The timing

capacitor input is not high impedance. This reduces it’s usefulness for
accurate very long time durations.

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References

 https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=wgvo4aTATsU&t=41s
 https://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/geophysics/
geyser3.htm
 https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.homemade-circuits.com/hot-water-
timer-one-sho/amp/
 https://www.elprocus.com/5-different-timer-circuits/
 https://www.apogeeweb.net/circuitry/1n4007-pinout-equivalent-
applications.html#:~:text=1N4007%20is%20a%20rectifier
%20diode,PIV)%20rating%20of%201%2C000%20V.
 https://electronics-club.com/555-timer-and-its-applications/
 https://www.eeweb.com/4-advantages-of-using-time-switches-in-a-
home/#:~:text=A%20timer%20switch%20will%20allow,not%20running
%20round%20the%20clock.

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 Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Shri Ram Murti Smarak College of Engineering and Technology

Bareilly

PROJECT GUIDE SIGNATURE

DR. UMA PACHAURI

PROJECT INCHARGE SIGNATURE

MR. ASHISH AGARWAL

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT SIGNATURE

DR. RITU SINGH

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SUBMITTED BY SIGNATURE

MRATYUNJAY SAXENA (2021100977)

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