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 NCERT solutions for Class 11
Maths
Chapter 11 – Conic Sections
Exercise 11.1

1. Find the equation of the circle with centre (0,0) and radius 2
Ans: The equation of a circle with centre (h,k) and radius r is given as
(x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2
It is given that centre (h,k) = (0,2) and radius (r) = 2.
Therefore, the equation of the circle is
(x  0) 2  (y  2) 2  22
x 2  y 2  4  4y  4
x 2  y 2  4y  0

2. Find the equation of the circle with centre ( 2,3) and radius 4
Ans: The equation of a circle with centre (h,k) and radius r is given as
(x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2
It is given that centre (h,k) = (-2,3) and radius (r) = 4.
Therefore, the equation of the circle is
(x + 2) 2  (y  3) 2  (4) 2
x 2  4x  4  y 2  6y + 9  16
x 2  y 2  4x  6y  3  0

1 1  1 
3. Find the equation of the circle with centre  ,  and radius  
 2 4  12 
Ans: The equation of a circle with centre (h,k) and radius r is given as
(x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2
1 1 1
It is given that centre (h,k) =  ,  and radius (r) =   .
2 4  12 
Therefore, the equation of the circle is

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 1

 2 2 2
 1  1  1 
x   y   
 2  4   12 
1 y 1 1
x 2  x   y2   
4 2 16 144
1 y 1 1
x 2  x   y2    0
4 2 16 144
144x 2  144x  36  144y 2  72y  9  1  0 (Solve by taking LCM)
144x 2  144x  144y 2  72y  44  0
36x 2  36x  36y 2  18y  11  0
36x 2  36y 2  36x  18y  11  0

4. Find the equation of the circle with centre (1,1) and radius 2
Ans: The equation of a circle with centre (h,k) and radius r is given as
(x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2
It is given that centre (h,k) = (1,1) and radius (r) = 2.
Therefore, the equation of the circle is
(x  1)2  (y  1)2  ( 2)2
x 2  2x  1  y 2  2y +1  2
x 2  y 2  2x  2y  0

5. Find the equation of the circle with centre ( a, b) and radius a 2  b 2
Ans: The equation of a circle with centre (h,k) and radius r is given as
(x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2
It is given that centre (h,k) = (a, b) and radius (r) = a 2  b 2 .
Therefore, the equation of the circle is
(x  a) 2  (y  b) 2  ( a 2  b 2 ) 2
x 2  2ax  a 2  y 2  2by  b 2  a 2  b 2
x 2  y 2  2ax  2by  2b 2  0

6. Find the centre and radius of the circle (x  5)2  (y  3)2  36

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 2

Ans: The equation of the given circle is (x  5) 2  (y  3) 2  36
(x  5) 2  (y  3) 2  36
 {x  (5)}2  (y  3) 2  (6) 2 , which is the form of (x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2 , where
h  5,k  3,and r = 6 .
Thus, the centre of the given circle is (5,3), while its radius is 6.

7. Find the centre and radius of the circle x 2  y 2  4x  8y  45  0

Ans: The equation of the given circle is x 2  y 2  4x  8y  45  0
 x 2  y 2  4x  8y  45  0
 (x 2  4x)  (y 2  8y)  45
 {x 2  2(x)(2)  (2) 2}  {y 2  2(y)(4)  (4) 2}  4  16  45
 (x  2) 2  (y  4) 2  65

 
2
 (x  2) 2  (y  4) 2  65 , which is of the form (x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2 , where
h  2,k  4,and r = 65
Thus, the centre of the given circle is (2,4), while its radius is 65 .

8. Find the centre and radius of the circle x 2  y 2  8x  10y  12  0

Ans: The equation of the given circle is x 2  y 2  8x  10y  12  0
 x 2  y 2  8x  10y  12  0
 (x 2  8x)  (y 2  10y)  12
 {x 2  2(x)(4)  (4) 2 }  {y 2  2(y)(5)  (5) 2  16  25  12
 (x  4) 2  (y  5) 2  53

 
2
 (x  4)2  {y  (5)}2  53 , which is of the form (x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2 ,
where h  4,k  5,and r = 53
Thus, the centre of the given circle is (4, 5), while its radius is 53 .

9. Find the centre and radius of the circle 2x2  2y 2  x  0

Ans: The equation of the given circle is 2x 2  2y 2  x  0

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 3

 2x 2  2y 2  x  0
 (2x 2  x)  2y 2  0
 x 
 2  x 2    y 2   0
 2 
 2  1   1   2  1 
2 2

  x  2.x        y     0
  4   4   4
2 2
 1 1
  x     y  0     , which is of the form (x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2 , where
2

 4 4
1 1
h  ,k  0,and r =
4 4
1  1
Thus, the centre of the given circle is  ,0  , while its radius is .
4  4

10. Find the equation of the circle passing through the points (4,1) and (6,5) and
whose centre is on the line 4x  y  16
Ans: Let the equation of the required circle be (x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2
Since the circle passes through points (4,1) and (6,5) ,
(4  h) 2  (1  k) 2  r 2 ………(i)
(6  h)  (5  k)  r
2 2 2
………(ii)
Since the centre (h,k) of the circle lies on line 4x  y  16,
4h  k  16 ………(iii)
From equations (i) and (ii), we get
 (4  h) 2  (1  k) 2  (6  h) 2  (5  k) 2
 16  8h  h 2  1  2k  k 2  36  12h  h 2  25  10k  k 2
 16  8h  1  2k  36  12h  25  10k
 4h  8k  44
 h  2k  11 ………(iv)
On solving equations (iii) and (iv), we obtain h  3 and k  4
On substituting the values of h and k in equation (i), we obtain
(4  3) 2  (1  4)2  r 2
 (1) 2  (3) 2  r 2
 1+ 9 = r 2

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 4

 r 2  10
 r = 10
Thus, the equation of the required circle is
 10 
2
(x  3)2  (y  4) 2 
x 2  6x  9  y 2  8y  16  10
x 2  y 2  6x  8y  15  0

11. Find the equation of the circle passing through the points (2,3) and ( 1,1) and
whose centre is on the line x  3y  11  0
Ans: Let the equation of the required circle be (x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2
Since the circle passes through points (2,3) and (1,1) ,
(2  h) 2  (3  k) 2  r 2 ………(i)
(1  h) 2  (1  k) 2  r 2 ………(ii)
Since the centre (h,k) of the circle lies on line x  3y  11  0
h  3k  11 ………(iii)
From equations (i) and (ii), we get
 (2  h) 2  (3  k) 2  (1  h) 2  (1  k) 2
 4  4h  h 2  9  6k  k 2  1  2h  h 2  1  2k  k 2
 4  4h  9  6k  1  2h  1  2k
 6h  4k  11 ………(iv)
7 5
On solving equations (iii) and (iv), we obtain h  and k 
2 2
On substituting the values of h and k in equation (i), we obtain
2 2
 7  5
  2     3    r2
 2  2
 47 65
2 2

    r
2

 2   2 
 3   11 
   +   = r2
 2  2

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 5

 9 121 2
  =r
4 4
130 2
 r
4
Thus, the equation of the required circle is
2 2
 7  5  130
x   y  
 2  2 4
 2x  7   2y  5  130
2 2

    
 2   2  4
4x 2  28x  49  4y 2  20y  25  130
4x 2  4y 2  28x  20y  56  0
4(x 2  y 2 7x  5y  14)  0
x 2  y 2  7x  5y  14  0

12. Find the equation of the circle with radius 5 whose centre lies on x-axis and
passes through the point (2,3) .
Ans: Let the equation of the required circle be (x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2
Since the radius of the circle is 5 and its centre lies on the x-axis, k = 0 and r = 5 .
Now, the equation of the circle passes through point (2,3).
  2  h   32  25
2

  2  h   25  9
2

  2  h   16
2

  2  h    16
 4
If 2  h  4, then h  2
If 2  h  4, then h  6
When h  2 , the equation of the circle becomes
 x  2   y 2  25
2

x 2  4x  4  y 2  25
x 2  y 2  4x  21  0

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 6

When h  6 , the equation of the circle becomes
 x  6   y2  25
2

x 2  12x  36  y 2  25
x 2  y 2  12x  11  0

13. Find the equation of the circle passing through (0,0) and making intercepts
a and b on the coordinate axes.
Ans: Let the equation of the required circle be (x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2
Since the circle passes through (0,0) .
(0  h) 2  (0  k) 2  r 2
 h2  k2  r2
The equation of the circle now becomes (x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  h 2  k 2
It is given that the circle makes intercepts a and b on the coordinate axes. This means
that the circle passes through points (a,0) and (0,b) . Therefore,
(a  h) 2  (0  k) 2  h 2  k 2 …….(1)
(0  h) 2  (b  k) 2  h 2  k 2 …….(2)
From equation (1), we’ll get

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 7

a 2  2ah  h 2  k 2  h 2  k 2
 a 2  2ah  0
 a(a  2h)  0
 a  0 or (a  2h)  0
a
However, a  0; hence, (a  2h)  0  h 
2
From equation (2), we’ll get
h 2  b 2  2bk  k 2  h 2  k 2
 b 2  2bk  0
 b(b  2k)  0
 b  0 or (b  2k)  0
b
However, b  0; hence, (b  2k)  0  k 
2
Thus, the equation of the required circle is
2 2 2 2
 a  b a b
x   y     
 2  2 2  2

 2x  a   2y  b  a  b
2 2 2 2

 
   
 2   2  4
 4x 2  4ax  a 2  4y 2  4by  b 2  a 2  b 2
 4x 2  4y 2  4ax  4by  0
 x 2  y 2  ax  by  0

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 8

14. Find the equation of a circle with centre (2,2) and passes through the point
(4,5) .
Ans: The centre of the circle is given as (h,k) = (2,2)
Since the circle passes through point (4,5), the radius (r) of the circle is the distance
between the points (2,2) and (4,5) .
 r  (2  4) 2  (2  5) 2
 (2) 2  (3) 2
 49
 13
Thus, the equation of the circle is
(x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2

 
2
(x  2) 2  (y  2) 2  13
x 2  4x  4  y 2  4y  4  13
x 2  y 2  4x  4y  5  0

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 9

15. Does the point ( 2.5,3.5) lie inside, outside or on the circle x 2  y 2  25 ?
Ans: The equation of the given circle is x 2  y 2  25 .
x 2  y 2  25
 (x  0)2  (y  0) 2  52 , which is of the form of (x  h) 2  (y  k) 2  r 2 , where
h = 0, k = 0 and r = 5
 Centre  (0,0) and radius  5
Distance between point (2.5,3.5) and center (0,0)
 (2.5  0) 2  (3.5  0) 2

 6.25  12.25
 18.25
 4.3 (approx.)  5

Since the distance between point (2.5,3.5) and center (0,0) of the circle is less than
the radius of the circle, point (2.5,3.5) lies inside the circle.

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 10

Exercise 11.2

1. Find the coordinates of the focus, axis of the parabola, the equation of directrix
and the length of the latus rectum for y 2  12x
Ans: The given equation is y 2  12x .
Here, the coefficient of x is positive. Hence, the parabola opens towards the right. On
comparing this equation with y2  4ax, we’ll get
4a  12  a  3
 Coordinates of the focus =  (a,0)  (3,0)
Since the given equation involves y 2 , the axis of the parabola is the x-axis. Equation
of directrix, x  a i.e., x  3 i.e., x  3  0
Length of latus rectum  4a  4  3  12

2. Find the coordinates of the focus, axis of the parabola, the equation of directrix
and the length of the latus rectum for x 2  6y
Ans: The given equation is x 2  6y .
Here, the coefficient of y is positive. Hence, the parabola opens upwards.
On comparing this equation with x 2  4ay we obtain
3
4a  6  a 
2
 3
 Coordinates of the focus  (0,a)   0, 
 2
Since the given equation involves x 2 , the axis of the parabola is the y-axis. Equation
3
of directrix, y  a i.e., y 
2
Length of latus rectum  4a  6

3. Find the coordinates of the focus, axis of the parabola, the equation of directrix
and the length of the latus rectum for y 2  8x
Ans: The given equation is y 2  8x .
Here, the coefficient of x is negative. Hence, the parabola opens towards the left. On
comparing this equation with y 2  4ax, we’ll get
4a  8  a  2
 Coordinates of the focus  (a,0)  (2,0)

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 11

Since the given equation involves y 2 , the axis of the parabola is the x-axis. Equation
of directrix, x  a i.e., x  2
Length of latus rectum  4a  8

4. Find the coordinates of the focus, axis of the parabola, the equation of directrix
and the length of the latus rectum for x 2  16y
Ans:The given equation is x 2  16y.
Here, the coefficient of y is negative. Hence, the parabola opens downwards.
On comparing this equation with x 2  4ay , we’ll get
4a  16  a  4
 Coordinates of the focus  (0, a)  (0, 4)
Since the given equation involves x 2 , the axis of the parabola is the y-axis. Equation
of directrix, y  a i.e., y  4
Length of latus rectum  4a  16

5. Find the coordinates of the focus, axis of the parabola, the equation of
directrix and the length of the latus rectum for y 2  10x
Ans:The given equation is y 2  10x .
Here, the coefficient of x is positive. Hence, the parabola opens towards the right.
On comparing this equation with y 2  4ax , we’ll get
5
4a  10  a 
2
5 
 Coordinates of the focus  (a,0)   ,0 
2 
2
Since the given equation involves y , the axis of the parabola is the x-axis. Equation
5
of directrix, x  a i.e., x  
2
Length of latus rectum  4a  10

6. Find the coordinates of the focus, axis of the parabola, the equation of
directrix and the length of the latus rectum for x 2  9y
Ans: The given equation is x 2  9y .
Here, the coefficient of y is negative. Hence, the parabola opens downwards.

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 12

On comparing this equation with x 2  4ay , we’ll get
9
4a  9  b 
4
 9
 Coordinates of the focus  (0, a)   0,  
 4
Since the given equation involves x 2 , the axis of the parabola is the y-axis. Equation
9
of directrix, y  a i.e., y 
4
Length of latus rectum  4a  9

7. Find the equation of the parabola that satisfies the following conditions: Focus
(6,0); directrix x  6
Ans: Focus (6,0); directrix, x  6
Since the focus lies on the x-axis, the x-axis is the axis of the parabola.
Therefore, the equation of the parabola is either of the form y 2  4ax or y 2  4ax .
It is also seen that the directrix, x  6 is to the left of the y-axis, while the focus (6,0)
is to the right of the y-axis.
Hence, the parabola is of the form y 2  4ax .
Here, a  6
Thus, the equation of the parabola is y 2  24x .

8. Find the equation of the parabola that satisfies the following conditions: Focus
(0, 3); directrix y  3
Ans: Focus  (0, 3); directrix y  3
Since the focus lies on the y-axis, the y-axis is the axis of the parabola.
Therefore, the equation of the parabola is either of the form x 2  4ay or x 2  4ay.
It is also seen that the directrix, y  3 is above the x-axis, while the focus (0, 3) is
below the x-axis.
Hence, the parabola is of the form x 2  4ay.
Here, a  3
Thus, the equation of the parabola is x 2  12y.

9. Find the equation of the parabola that satisfies the following conditions:
Vertex (0,0); focus (3,0)

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 13

Ans: Vertex (0,0); focus (3,0)
Since the vertex of the parabola is (0,0) and the focus lies on the positive x-axis, x-
axis is the axis of the parabola, while the equation of the parabola is of the form
y 2  4ax.
Since the focus is (3,0) , a  3 .
Thus, the equation of the parabola is y 2  4  3  x i.e., y 2  12x

10. Find the equation of the parabola that satisfies the following conditions:
Vertex (0,0) focus ( 2,0)
Ans: Solution 10: Vertex (0,0) focus (2,0)
Since the vertex of the parabola is (0,0) and the focus lies on the negative x-axis, x-
axis is the axis of the parabola, while the equation of the parabola is of the form
y 2  4ax.
Since the focus is (2,0), a  2.
Thus, the equation of the parabola is y 2  4  2  x i.e., y 2  8x

11. Find the equation of the parabola that satisfies the following conditions:
Vertex (0,0) passing through (2,3) and axis is along x-axis
Ans: Since the vertex is (0, 0) and the axis of the parabola is the x-axis, the equation
of the parabola is either of the form y 2  4ax or y 2  4ax.
The parabola passes through point (2,3) , which lies in the first quadrant. Therefore,
the equation of the parabola is of the form y 2  4ax , while point (2,3) must satisfy
the equation y 2  4ax .
9
 (3)2  4a(2)  a 
8
9
Thus, the equation of the parabola is y 2  4   x
8
9
 y2  x
2
 2y 2  9x

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 14

12. Find the equation of the parabola that satisfies the following conditions:
Vertex (0,0) , passing through (5,2) and symmetric with respect to y-axis
Ans: Since the vertex is (0,0) and the parabola is symmetric about the y-axis, the
equation of the parabola is either of the form x 2  4ay or x 2  4ay.
The parabola passes through point (5,2) , which lies in the first quadrant. Therefore,
the equation of the parabola is of the form x 2  4ay , while point (5,2) must satisfy
the equation x 2  4ay .
 (5) 2  4  a  2
 25  8a
25
a
8
Thus, the equation of the parabola is
 25 
 x2  4  y
 8 
 2x 2  25y

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 15

Exercise 11.3

1. Find the coordinates of the foci, the vertices, the length of major axis, the
minor axis, the eccentricity and the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse
x2 y 2
 1
36 16
x 2 y2
Ans: The given equation is  1
36 16
x2 y2
Here, the denominator of is greater than the denominator of .
36 16
Therefore, the major axis is along the x-axis, while the minor axis is along the y-axis.
x 2 y2
On comparing the given equation with 2  2  1 , we’ll get a  6 and b  4
a b
c  a2  b 2
 36  16
 20  2 5
Therefore,

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 16

The coordinates of the foci are  2
 
5,0 and  2 5,0 
The coordinates of the vertices are  6,0  and  6,0  .
Length of major axis  2a  12
Length of minor axis  2b  8
c 25 5
Eccentricity, e   
a 6 3
2b 2 2  16 16
Length of latus rectum   
a 6 3

2. Find the coordinates of the foci, the vertices, the length of major axis, the
minor axis, the eccentricity and the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse
x2 y 2
 1
4 25
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
Ans: The given equation is   1 or 2  2  1
4 25 2 5
y2 x2
Here, the denominator of is greater than the denominator of .
25 4
Therefore, the major axis is along the y-axis, while the minor axis is along the x-axis.
x 2 y2
On comparing the given equation with 2  2  1 , we’ll get b  2 and a  5
a b
c  a2  b 2
 25  4
 21
Therefore,

The coordinates of the foci are 0, 21 and 0,  21  
The coordinates of the vertices are (0,5) and (0, 5)
Length of major axis  2a  10
Length of minor axis  2b  4
c 21
Eccentricity, e  
a 5
2b 2 2  4 8
Length of latus rectum   
a 5 5

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 17

3. Find the coordinates of the foci, the vertices, the length of major axis, the
minor axis, the eccentricity and the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse
x2 y 2
 1
16 9
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
Ans: The given equation is   1 or 2  2  1
16 9 4 3
2
x y2
Here, the denominator of is greater than the denominator of .
16 9
Therefore, the major axis is along the x-axis, while the minor axis is along the y-axis.
x 2 y2
On comparing the given equation with 2  2  1 , we’ll get a  4 and b  3
a b
c  a2  b 2
 16  9
 7
Therefore,
  
The coordinates of the foci are  7,0 and 0,  21 
The coordinates of the vertices are (4,0)
Length of major axis  2a  8
Length of minor axis  2b  6
c 7
Eccentricity, e  
a 4
2b 2 2  9 9
Length of latus rectum   
a 4 2

4. Find the coordinates of the foci, the vertices, the length of major axis, the
minor axis, the eccentricity and the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse
x2 y 2
 1
25 100
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
Ans: The given equation is   1 or 2  2  1
25 100 5 10

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 18

 y2 x2
Here, the denominator of is greater than the denominator of .
100 25
Therefore, the major axis is along the y-axis, while the minor axis is along the x-axis.
x 2 y2
On comparing the given equation with 2  2  1 , we’ll get b  5 and a  10
a b
c  a 2  b 2
 100  25
 75
53
Therefore,

The coordinates of the foci are 0,  5 3 
The coordinates of the vertices are (0, 10)
Length of major axis  2a  20
Length of minor axis  2b  10
c 53 3
Eccentricity, e   
a 10 2
2b 2 2  25
Length of latus rectum   5
a 10

5. Find the coordinates of the foci, the vertices, the length of major axis, the
minor axis, the eccentricity and the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse
x2 y 2
 1
49 36
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
Ans: The given equation is   1 or 2  2  1
49 36 7 6
2
x y2
Here, the denominator of is greater than the denominator of .
49 36
Therefore, the major axis is along the x-axis, while the minor axis is along the y-axis.
x 2 y2
On comparing the given equation with 2  2  1 , we’ll get a  7 and b  6
a b

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 19

c  a2  b 2
 49  36
 13
Therefore,

The coordinates of the foci are  13,0 
The coordinates of the vertices are (7,0)
Length of major axis  2a  14
Length of minor axis  2b  12
c 13
Eccentricity, e  
a 7
2b 2 2  36 72
Length of latus rectum   
a 7 7

6. Find the coordinates of the foci, the vertices, the length of major axis, the
minor axis, the eccentricity and the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse
x2 y2
 1
100 400
x2 y2 x2 y2
Ans: The given equation is   1 or  1
100 400 102 202
y2 x2
Here, the denominator of is greater than the denominator of .
400 100
Therefore, the major axis is along the y-axis, while the minor axis is along the x-axis.
x 2 y2
On comparing the given equation with 2  2  1 , we’ll get b  10 and a  20
a b
c  a  b
2 2

 400  100
 300
 10 3
Therefore,

The coordinates of the foci are 0, 10 3 
The coordinates of the vertices are (0, 20)

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 20

Length of major axis  2a  40
Length of minor axis  2b  20
c 10 3 3
Eccentricity, e   
a 20 2
2b 2 2  100
Length of latus rectum    10
a 20

7. Find the coordinates of the foci, the vertices, the length of major axis, the
minor axis, the eccentricity and the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse
36x2  4y 2  144
Ans: The given equation is 36x 2  4y 2  144 .
It can be written as
36x 2  4y 2  144
x 2 y2
Or,  1
4 36

x 2 y2
Or,   1 ………(1)
22 62
y2 x2
Here, the denominator of 2 is greater than the denominator of 2 .
6 2
Therefore, the major axis is along the y-axis, while the minor axis is along the x-axis.
x 2 y2
On comparing the given equation with 2  2  1 , we’ll get b  2 and a  6
a b
c  a2  b 2
 36  4
 32
42
Therefore,

The coordinates of the foci are 0,  4 2 
The coordinates of the vertices are (0, 6)
Length of major axis  2a  12
Length of minor axis  2b  4

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 21

 c 42 22
Eccentricity, e   
a 6 3
2b 2 2  4 4
Length of latus rectum   
a 6 3

8. Find the coordinates of the foci, the vertices, the length of major axis, the
minor axis, the eccentricity and the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse
16x 2  y 2  16
Ans: The given equation is 16x 2  y 2  16 .
It can be written as
16x 2  y 2  16
x 2 y2
Or,  1
1 16

x 2 y2
Or,  1 ………(1)
12 42

y2 x2
Here, the denominator of 2 is greater than the denominator of 2 .
4 1
Therefore, the major axis is along the y-axis, while the minor axis is along the x-axis.
x 2 y2
On comparing the given equation with 2  2  1 , we’ll get b  1 and a  4
a b
c  a2  b 2
 16  1
 15
Therefore,

The coordinates of the foci are 0,  15 
The coordinates of the vertices are (0, 4)
Length of major axis  2a  8
Length of minor axis  2b  2
c 15
Eccentricity, e  
a 6

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 22

 2b 2 2  1 1
Length of latus rectum   
a 4 2

9. Find the coordinates of the foci, the vertices, the length of major axis, the
minor axis, the eccentricity and the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse
4x 2  9y 2  36
Ans: The given equation is 4x 2  9y 2  36 .
It can be written as
4x 2  9y 2  36
x 2 y2
Or,  1
9 4

x 2 y2
Or, 2  2  1 ………(1)
3 2

x2 y2
Here, the denominator of 2 is greater than the denominator of 2 .
3 2
Therefore, the major axis is along the x-axis, while the minor axis is along the y-axis.
x 2 y2
On comparing the given equation with 2  2  1 , we’ll get a  3 and b  2
a b
c  a2  b 2
 94
 5
Therefore,

The coordinates of the foci are  5,0 
The coordinates of the vertices are (4,0)
Length of major axis  2a  6
Length of minor axis  2b  4
c 5
Eccentricity, e  
a 3
2b 2 2  4 8
Length of latus rectum   
a 3 3

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 23

10. Find the equation for the ellipse that satisfies the given conditions: Vertices
( 5,0), foci ( 4,0) .
Ans: Vertices (5,0), foci (4,0)
Here, the vertices are on the x-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the ellipse will be of the form 2  2  1 , where a is the
a b
semi-major axis.
Accordingly, a  5 and c  4 .
It is known that a 2  b2  c2 .
 52  b 2  4 2
 25  b 2  16
b 9 3
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the ellipse is 2  2  1 or  1
5 3 25 9

11. Find the equation for the ellipse that satisfies the given conditions: Vertices
(0, 13), foci (0, 5)
Ans: Vertices (0, 13), foci (0, 5)
Here, the vertices are on the y-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the ellipse will be of the form 2  2  1 , where a is the
a b
semi-major axis.
Accordingly, a  13 and c  5 .
It is known that a 2  b2  c2 .
132  b 2  52
 169  b 2  25
 b  144  12
x2 y2 x2 y2
Thus, the equation of the ellipse is 2   1 or  1
12 132 144 169

12. Find the equation for the ellipse that satisfies the given conditions: Vertices
( 6,0), foci ( 4,0)

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 24

Ans: Vertices (6,0), foci (4,0)
Here, the vertices are on the x-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the ellipse will be of the form   1 , where a is the
a 2 b2
semi-major axis.
Accordingly, a  6 and c  4 .
It is known that a 2  b2  c2 .
 62  b 2  42
 36  b 2  16
 b  20
x2 y2 x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the ellipse is 2   1 or  1
 
2
6 20 36 20

13. Find the equation for the ellipse that satisfies the given conditions: Ends of
major axis ( 3,0), ends of minor axis (0, 2)
Ans: Ends of major axis (3,0), ends of minor axis (0, 2)
Here, the major axis is along the x-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the ellipse will be of the form 2  2  1 , where a is the
a b
semimajor axis.
Accordingly, a  3 and b  2 .
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the ellipse is 2  2  1 or  1
3 2 9 4

14. Find the equation for the ellipse that satisfies the given conditions: Ends of
major axis (0,  5), ends of minor axis ( 1,0)
Ans: Ends of major axis (0,  5), ends of minor axis (1,0)
Here, the major axis is along the y-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the ellipse will be of the form 2  2  1 , where a is the
a b
semimajor axis.
Accordingly, a  5 and b  1 .

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 25

 x2 y2 x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the ellipse is 2   1 or  1
 5
2
1 1 5

15. Find the equation for the ellipse that satisfies the given conditions: Length
of major axis 26 , foci ( 5,0)
Ans: Length of major axis = 26 ; foci = (5,0)
Since the foci are on the x-axis, the major axis is along the x-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the ellipse will be of the form 2  2  1 , where a is the
a b
semimajor axis.
Accordingly, 2a  26  a  13 and c  5 .
It is known that a 2  b2  c2 .
132  b 2  52
 169  b 2  25
 b  144  12
x2 y2 x2 y2
Thus, the equation of the ellipse is   1 or  1
132 122 169 144

16. Find the equation for the ellipse that satisfies the given conditions: Length
of minor axis 16 , foci (0, 6)
Ans: Length of major axis = 16 , foci = (0, 6)
Since the foci are on the y-axis, the major axis is along the y-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the ellipse will be of the form 2  2  1 , where a is the
a b
semimajor axis.
Accordingly, 2a  16  a  8 and c  6 .
It is known that a 2  b2  c2 .
 a 2  82  6 2
 a 2  64  36
 a  100  10
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the ellipse is 2  2  1 or  1
8 10 64 100

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 26

17. Find the equation for the ellipse that satisfies the given conditions: Foci
( 3,0), a  4
Ans: Foci (3,0), a  4
Since the foci are on the x-axis, the major axis is along the x-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the ellipse will be of the form 2  2  1 , where a is the
a b
semimajor axis.
Accordingly, c  3 and a  4 .
It is known that a 2  b2  c2 .
 42  b 2  62
 16  b 2  36
 b 2  16  9  7
x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the ellipse is  1
16 7

18. Find the equation for the ellipse that satisfies the given conditions: b  3 ,
c  4 , centre at the origin; foci on the x axis.
Ans: It is given that b  3 , c  4 , centre at the origin; foci on the x axis.
Since the foci are on the x-axis, the major axis is along the x-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the ellipse will be of the form 2  2  1 , where a is the
a b
semimajor axis.
Accordingly, b  3 , c  4 .
It is known that a 2  b2  c2 .
 a 2  32  42
 a 2  9  16
 a 2  25
 a  25  5
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the ellipse is 2  2  1 or  1
5 3 25 9

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 27

19. Find the equation for the ellipse that satisfies the given conditions: Centre at
(0,0) , major axis on the y-axis and passes through the points (3,2) and (1,6)
.
Ans: Since the centre is at (0,0) and the major axis is on the y-axis, the equation of
the ellipse will be of the form
x 2 y2
 1 …..(1)
a 2 b2
Where, a is the semi-major axis
The ellipse passes through points (3,2) and (1,6) . Hence,
9 4
2
 2 1 …..(2)
b a
1 36
 1 …..(3)
b2 a 2
On solving equations (2) and (3), we’ll get
b2  10 and a 2  40 .
x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the ellipse is   1 or 4x 2  y 2  40 .
10 40

20. Find the equation for the ellipse that satisfies the given conditions: Major
axis on the x-axis and passes through the points (4,3) and (6,2) .
Ans: Since the major axis is on the x-axis, the equation of the ellipse will be of the
form
x 2 y2
 1 …..(1)
a 2 b2
Where, a is the semi-major axis
The ellipse passes through points (4,3) and (6,2) . Hence,
16 9
 1 …..(2)
a 2 b2
36 4
 1 …..(3)
a 2 b2
On solving equations (2) and (3), we’ll get
a 2  52 and b2  13 .
x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the ellipse is   1 or x 2  4y 2  52 .
52 13

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 28

Exercise 11.4

1. Find the coordinates of the foci and the vertices, the eccentricity, and the
x2 y 2
length of the latus rectum of the hyperbola  1
16 9
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
Ans: The given equation is   1 or 2  2  1
16 9 4 3
x 2 y2
On comparing this equation with the standard equation of hyperbola i.e., 2  2  1
a b
, we’ll get a  4 and b  3 .
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 c2  42  32
 c2  16  9
 c2  25
 c  25  5
Therefore,
The coordinates of the foci are  5,0 
The coordinates of the vertices are (4,0)
c 5
Eccentricity, e  
a 4
2b 2 2  9 9
Length of latus rectum   
a 4 2

2. Find the coordinates of the foci and the vertices, the eccentricity, and the
y 2 x2
length of the latus rectum of the hyperbola  1
9 27
y2 x 2 y2 x2
Ans: The given equation is   1 or 2  1
 
2
9 27 3 27
x 2 y2
On comparing this equation with the standard equation of hyperbola i.e., 2  2  1
a b
, we’ll get a  3 and b  27 .

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 29

We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 
2
 c 2  32  27
 c 2  9  27
 c 2  36
 c  36  6
Therefore,
The coordinates of the foci are  0, 6 
The coordinates of the vertices are (0, 3)
c 6
Eccentricity, e    2
a 3
2b 2 2  27
Length of latus rectum    18
a 3

3. Find the coordinates of the foci and the vertices, the eccentricity, and the
length of the latus rectum of the hyperbola 9y 2  4x 2  36
Ans: The given equation is 9y 2  4x 2  36 .
It can be written as
9y 2  4x 2  36
y2 x 2
Or,  1
4 9
y2 x 2
Or, 2  2  1 ………(1)
2 3
y2 x 2
On comparing equation (1) with the standard equation of hyperbola i.e.,   1,
a 2 b2
we’ll get a  2 and b  3 .
Therefore, the major axis is along the x-axis, while the minor axis is along the y-axis.
x 2 y2
On comparing the given equation with 2  2  1 , we’ll get a  2 and b  3
a b
We know that a  b  c .
2 2 2

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 30

 c2  4  9
 c 2  13
 c  13
Therefore,

The coordinates of the foci are 0,  13 
The coordinates of the vertices are (0, 2)
c 13
Eccentricity, e  
a 2
2b 2 2  9
Length of latus rectum   9
a 2

4. Find the coordinates of the foci and the vertices, the eccentricity, and the
length of the latus rectum of the hyperbola 16x 2  9y 2  576
Ans: The given equation is 16x 2  9y 2  576 .
It can be written as
16x 2  9y 2  576
x 2 y2
Or,  1
36 64
x 2 y2
Or, 2  2  1 ………(1)
6 8
y2 x 2
On comparing equation (1) with the standard equation of hyperbola i.e.,   1,
a 2 b2
we’ll get a  6 and b  8 .
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 c 2  36  64
 c 2  100
 c  100
 c  10
Therefore,

The coordinates of the foci are  10,0 
The coordinates of the vertices are (6,0)

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 31

 c 10 5
Eccentricity, e   
a 6 3
2b 2 2  64 64
Length of latus rectum   
a 6 3

5. Find the coordinates of the foci and the vertices, the eccentricity, and the
length of the latus rectum of the hyperbola 5y 2  9x 2  36
Ans: The given equation is 5y 2  9x 2  36 .
y2 x 2
  1
36 4
5
y2 x2
 1 ………(1)
 6  22
 
 5
y2 x 2
On comparing equation (1) with the standard equation of hyperbola i.e., 2  2  1 ,
a b
6
we’ll get a  and b  2 .
5
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
36
 c2  4
5
56
 c2 
5
56
c
5
2 14
c
5
Therefore,
 2 14 
The coordinates of the foci are  0,  
 5 
 6 
The coordinates of the vertices are  0,  
 5

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 32

 2 14 
 
c  5  14
Eccentricity, e   
a  6  3
 
 5
2b 2 2  4 4 5
Length of latus rectum   
a  6  3
 
 5
6. Question 6: Find the coordinates of the foci and the vertices, the eccentricity,
and the length of the latus rectum of the hyperbola 49y 2  16x 2  784
Ans: The given equation is 49y 2  16x 2  784 .
It can be written as
49y 2  16x 2  784
y2 x 2
Or,  1
16 49
y2 x 2
Or, 2  2  1 ………(1)
4 7
y2 x 2
On comparing equation (1) with the standard equation of hyperbola i.e., 2  2  1 ,
a b
we’ll get a  4 and b  7 .
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 c 2  16  49
 c 2  65
 c  65
Therefore,

The coordinates of the foci are 0,  65 
The coordinates of the vertices are (0, 4)
c 65
Eccentricity, e  
a 4
2b 2 2  49 49
Length of latus rectum   
a 4 2

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 33

7. Find the equation of the hyperbola satisfying the give conditions: Vertices
( 2,0) , foci ( 3,0)
Ans: Vertices (2,0) , foci (3,0)
Here, the vertices are on the x-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the hyperbola is of the form 2  2  1
a b
Since the vertices are (2,0) , a  2 .
Since the foci are (3,0) , c  3 .
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 22  b 2  32
 b2  9  4
 b2  5
x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the hyperbola is  1
4 5

8. Find the equation of the hyperbola satisfying the give conditions: Vertices
(0, 5) , foci (0, 8)
Ans: Vertices (0, 5) , foci (0, 8)
Here, the vertices are on the y-axis.
y2 x 2
Therefore, the equation of the hyperbola is of the form 2  2  1
a b
Since the vertices are (0, 5) , a  5 .
Since the foci are (0, 8) , c  8 .
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 52  b 2  82
 b 2  64  25
 b 2  39
y2 x 2
Thus, the equation of the hyperbola is  1
25 39

9. Find the equation of the hyperbola satisfying the give conditions: Vertices
(0, 3) , foci (0, 5)
Ans: Vertices (0, 3) , foci (0, 5)

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 34

Here, the vertices are on the y-axis.
y2 x 2
Therefore, the equation of the hyperbola is of the form 2  2  1
a b
Since the vertices are (0, 3) , a  3 .
Since the foci are (0, 5) , c  5 .
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 32  b 2  25
 b 2  25  9
 b 2  16
y2 x 2
Thus, the equation of the hyperbola is  1
9 16

10. Find the equation of the hyperbola satisfying the give conditions: Foci ( 5,0)
, the transverse axis is of length 8 .
Ans: Foci (5,0) , the transverse axis is of length 8 .
Here, the foci are on the x-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the hyperbola is of the form 2  2  1 .
a b
Since the foci are (5,0) , c  5 .
Since the length of the transverse axis is 8 , 2a  8  a  4 .
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 42  b 2  25
 b2  25  16
 b2  9
x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the hyperbola is  1
16 9

11. Find the equation of the hyperbola satisfying the give conditions: Foci
(0, 13) , the conjugate axis is of length 24 .
Ans: Foci (0, 13) , the transverse axis is of length 24 .
Here, the foci are on the y-axis.
y2 x 2
Therefore, the equation of the hyperbola is of the form 2  2  1 .
a b

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 35

Since the foci are (0, 13) , c  13 .
Since the length of the transverse axis is 24 , 2b  24  b  12 .
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 a 2  122  132
 a 2  169  144
 a 2  25
y2 x 2
Thus, the equation of the hyperbola is  1
25 144

12. Find the equation of the hyperbola satisfying the give conditions: Foci
 
3 5,0 , the latus rectum is of length 8 .

 
Ans: Foci 3 5,0 , the latus rectum is of length 8 .
Here, the foci are on the x-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the hyperbola is of the form 2  2  1
a b
 
Since the foci are 3 5,0 , c  3 5
Length of latus rectum = 8
2b 2
 8
a
 b 2  4a
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 a 2  4a  45
 a 2  4a  45  0
 a 2  9a  5a  45  0
  a  9  a  5   0
 a  9,5
Since a is non-negative, a  5 .
 b2  4a  4  5  20
x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the hyperbola is  1
25 20

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 36

13. Find the equation of the hyperbola satisfying the give conditions: Foci  4,0 
, the latus rectum is of length 12 .
Ans: Foci  4,0  , the latus rectum is of length 12 .
Here, the foci are on the x-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the hyperbola is of the form 2  2  1
a b
Since the foci are  4,0  , c  4 .
Length of latus rectum = 12
2b 2
  12
a
 b 2  6a
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 a 2  6a  16
 a 2  6a  16  0

 a 2  8a  2a  16  0
  a  8  a  2   0
 a  8,2
Since a is non-negative, a  2 .
 b2  6a  6  2  12
x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the hyperbola is  1
4 12

14. Find the equation of the hyperbola satisfying the give conditions: Vertices
4
 7,0 , e 
3
4
Ans: Vertices  7,0  , e 
3
Here, the vertices are on the x-axis.
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the hyperbola is of the form 2  2  1
a b
Since the vertices are  7,0  , a  7 .

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 37

 4
It is given that e 
3
c 4  c
   e 
a 3 a 
c 4
 
7 3
28
c
.3
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
2
 28 
7  b   
2 2

 3 
784
 b2   49
9
784  441 343
 b2  
9 9
x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the hyperbola is  1
49 343

15. Find the equation of the hyperbola satisfying the give conditions: Foci
 
0,  10 , passing through  2,3 

 
Ans: Foci 0,  10 , passing through  2,3
Here, the foci are on the y-axis.
y2 x 2
Therefore, the equation of the hyperbola is of the form 2  2  1 .
a b
 
Since the foci are 0,  10 , c  10 .
We know that a 2  b2  c2 .
 a 2  b2  10
a 2  b2  c2 .
 b2  10  a 2 … (1)
Since the hyperbola passes through point  2,3 ,

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 38

 9 4
 1 ….(2)
a 2 b2
From equations (1) and (2), we’ll get
9 4
 1
10  a 
2 2
a
 9 10  a 2   4a 2  a 2 10  a 2 
 90  9a 2  4a 2  10a 2  a 4
 a 4  10a 2  9a 2  4a 2  90  0
 a 4  23a 2  90  0
 a 4  18a 2  5a 2  90  0
 a 2 (a 2  18)  5(a 2  18)  0
 (a 2  5)(a 2  18)  0
 a 2  18,5
In hyperbola, c  a i.e., c2  a 2
a 2  5
 b 2  10  a 2
 b 2  10  5  5
y2 x 2
Thus, the equation of the hyperbola is  1
5 5

Miscellaneous Exercise

1. If a parabolic reflector is 20 cm in diameter and 5 cm deep, find the focus.

Ans: As we know that the origin of the coordinate plane is taken at the vertex of the
parabolic reflector, where the axis of the reflector is along the positive x-axis.
The Diagrammatic representation represented as follows:

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 39

As we know that the equation of the parabola is of the form of y 2  4ax (as it is
opening to the right)
Since, the parabola passes through point  10,5  ,
 y 2  4ax
 102  4  a  5
 100  20a
100
a 
20
a 5
The focus of the parabola is  a,0    5,0  , which is the mid–point of the diameter.
Hence, the focus of the reflector is at the mid–point of the diameter.

2. An arch is in the form of a parabola with its axis vertical. The arch is 10 m
high and 5 m wide at the base. How wide is it 2 m from the vertex of the
parabola?
Ans: As we know that the origin of the coordinate plane is taken at the vertex of the
arch in such a way that its vertical axis is along the positive y-axis.
The diagrammatic representation will be as follows:

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 40

The equation of the parabola is of the form x 2  4ay (as it is opening upwards).
5 
Since the parabola passes through point  ,10  ,
2 
2
5
   4  a  10
2
25 5
a 
4  4  10 2
Therefore,
5
The arch is in the form of a parabola whose equation is x 2  y
8
5
When y  2m, x 2   2
8
5
 x2 
4
5
x m
4

5
  2  m
4
  2  1.118m(approx.)
 2.23m(approx.)

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 41

Hence, when the arch is 2 m from the vertex of the parabola, its width is
approximately 2.23m.

3. The cable of a uniformly loaded suspension bridge hangs in the form of a

parabola. The roadway which is horizontal and 100 m long is supported by
vertical wires attached to the cable, the longest wire being 30 m and the
shortest being 6 m. Find the length of a supporting wire attached to the
roadway 18 m from the middle.
Ans: The vertex is at the lowest point of the cable. The origin of the coordinate plane
is taken as the vertex of the parabola, while its vertical axis is taken along the positive
y-axis.
This can be diagrammatically represented as

Here, AB and OC are the longest and shortest wires, respectively, attached to the
cable.
DF is the supporting wire attached to the roadway, 18m from the middle.
100
Here, AB  30m, OC  6m, and BC =  50m
2
The equation of the parabola is of the form x 2  4ay (as it is opening upwards).
The coordinates of the point A are (50,30  6)  (50,24) .
Since A (50,24) is a point on the parabola,
(50)2  4a(24)
50  50 625
a  
4  24 24
625
 Equation of the parabola, x 2  4   y or 6x 2  625y
24
The x-coordinate of point D is 18.
Hence, at x = 18,

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 42

6(18) 2  625y
6  18  18
y
625
 y  3.11(approx.)
 DE = 3.11 m
DF = DE + EF = 3.11 m + 6 m = 9.11 m
Thus, the length of the supporting wire attached to the roadway 18 m from the middle
is approximately 9.11 m.

4. An arch is in the form of a semi-ellipse. It is 8 m wide and 2 m high at the

centre. Find the height of the arch at a point 1.5 m from one end.
Ans: Since the height and width of the arc from the centre is 2 m and 8 m respectively,
it is clear that the length of the major axis is 8 m, while the length of the semi-minor
axis is 2 m.
The origin of the coordinate plane is taken as the centre of the ellipse, while the major
axis is taken along the x-axis.
Hence, the semi-ellipse can be diagrammatically represented as

x 2 y2
The equation of the semi-ellipse will be of the form   1, y  0, where a is the
a 2 b2
semi major axis
2a  8  a  4
Accordingly,
b2
x 2 y2
Therefore, the equation of the semi-ellipse is   1, y  0, ….(1)
16 4
Let A be a point on the major axis such that AB = 1.5 m.

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 43

Draw AC ⊥ OB.
OA = (4 – 1.5) m = 2.5 m
The x-coordinate of point C is 2.5.
On substituting the value of x with 2.5 in equation (1), we’ll get
 2.5  y2  1
2

16 4
6.25 y 2
  1
16 4
 6.25 
 y 2  4 1  
 16 
 9.27 
 y2  4  
 16 
 y 2  2.4375
 y 2  1.56(approx.)
 AC  1.56m
Thus, the height of the arch at a point 1.5 m from one end is approximately 1.56 m.

5. A rod of length 12 cm moves with its ends always touching the coordinate axes.
Determine the equation of the locus of a point P on the rod, which is 3 cm from
the end in contact with the x-axis.
Ans: Let AB be the rod making an angle θ with OX and P (x, y) be the point on it
such that AP = 3 cm.
Then, PB = AB – AP = (12 – 3) cm = 9 cm [AB = 12 cm]
From P, draw PQ⊥OY and PR⊥OX.

PQ x
In ΔPBQ, cos   
PB 9

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 44

 PR y
In ΔPRA, sin   
PA 3
sin 2   cos 2   1,
Since,  y 2  x  2
     1
3 9
2 2
x y
Or,  1
81 9
2 2
x y
Thus, the equation of the locus of point P on the rod is  1
81 9

6. Find the area of the triangle formed by the lines joining the vertex of the
parabola x 2  12y to the ends of its latus rectum.
Ans: The given parabola is x 2  12y .
On comparing this equation with x 2  4ay , we’ll get 4a  12  a  3
 The coordinates of foci are S (0, a) = S (0, 3)
Let AB be the latus rectum of the given parabola.
The given parabola can be roughly drawn as

At y  3, x 2  12(3)  x 2  36  x  6
 The coordinates of A are (–6, 3), while the coordinates of B are (6, 3).
Therefore, the vertices of ΔOAB are O (0, 0), A (–6, 3), and B (6, 3).
1
Area of OAB  0  3  3   6  3  0   6  0  3 unit 2
2

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 45

 1
  6  3  6  3 unit 2
2
1
 18  18 unit 2
2
1
 36 unit 2
2
1
  36unit 2
2
 18 unit 2
Thus, the required area of the triangle is 18 unit 2 .

7. A man running a racecourse notes that the sum of the distances from the two
flag posts form him is always 10 m and the distance between the flag posts is 8
m. find the equation of the posts traced by the man.
Ans: Let A and B be the positions of the two flag posts and P(x, y) be the position of
the man. Accordingly, PA + PB = 10.
We know that if a point moves in a plane in such a way that the sum of its distances
from two fixed points is constant, then the path is an ellipse and this constant value is
equal to the length of the major axis of the ellipse.
Therefore, the path described by the man is an ellipse where the length of the major
axis is 10 m, while points A and B are the foci.
Taking the origin of the coordinate plane as the centre of the ellipse, while taking the
major axis along the x-axis, the ellipse can be diagrammatically represented as

x 2 y2
The equation of the ellipse will be of the form of   1, where a is the semi-
a 2 b2
major axis.
Accordingly, 2a  10  a  5
Distance between the foci (2c)  8  c  4

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 46

On using the relation c  a 2  b2 , we’ll get
4  25  b 2
 16  25  b 2
 b 2  25  16
 b2  9
b3
x 2 y2
Thus, the equation of the path traced by the man is  1
25 9

8. An equilateral triangle is inscribed in the parabola y 2  4ax , where one vertex

is at the vertex of the parabola. Find the length of the side of the triangle.
Ans: Let OAB be the equilateral triangle inscribed in parabola y 2  4ax
Let AB intersect the x-axis at point C.

Let OC = k
From the equation of the given parabola, we have y2  4ak  y  2 ak
  
 The respective coordinates of points A and B are k, 2 ak and k, 2 ak 
AB = CA + CB = 2 ak  2 ak  4 ak
Since OAB is an equilateral triangle, OA2  AB2 .

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 47

    
2 2
 k 2  2 ak  4 ak
 k 2  4ak  16ak
 k 2  12ak
 k  12a
 AB  4 ak  4 a  12a
 4 12a 2
 8 3a
Thus, the side of the equilateral triangle inscribed in parabola y 2  4ax is 8 3a

Class XI Maths www.vedantu.com 48

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