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Calculus 1 - Limits - Worksheet 4 - Evaluating Limits by Factoring - Part 2

The document contains worksheets with calculus limits problems. The problems involve evaluating limits using factoring and direct substitution. The solutions factor the expressions, simplify the limits, and evaluate using substitution.

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Diana Hernandez
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
2K views28 pages

Calculus 1 - Limits - Worksheet 4 - Evaluating Limits by Factoring - Part 2

The document contains worksheets with calculus limits problems. The problems involve evaluating limits using factoring and direct substitution. The solutions factor the expressions, simplify the limits, and evaluate using substitution.

Uploaded by

Diana Hernandez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Calculus 1 - Limits

Worksheet 4
Evaluating Limits by Factoring,
Part 2

1
© MathTutorDVD.com
Calculus 1 - Limits - Worksheet 4 – Evaluating Limits by Factoring, Part 2

1. Evaluate this limit.

(4 + 𝑥)2 − 16
lim
𝑥→0 𝑥

2. Evaluate this limit.

5𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2
lim
𝑥→0 3𝑥 4 − 16𝑥 2

3. Evaluate this limit.

(2 + 𝑥)3 − 8
lim
𝑥→0 𝑥

2
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4. Evaluate this limit.

4𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 3
lim
𝑥→1 𝑥−1

5. Evaluate this limit.

2𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 16
lim
𝑥→4 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 12

6. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3
lim
𝑥→−3 −3𝑥 − 9

3
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7. Evaluate this limit.

−𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 6
lim
𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8

8. Evaluate this limit.


16 − 𝑥
lim
𝑥→16 4 − √𝑥

9. Evaluate this limit.


8𝑥 + 32
lim
𝑥→−4 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 4

4
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10. Evaluate this limit.
9𝑥 + 27
lim
𝑥→−3 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6

11. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6
lim
𝑥→−3 −4𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 − 12

12. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥 3 − 9𝑥
lim
𝑥→3 3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 9

5
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13. Evaluate this limit.

5 − √𝑥
lim
𝑥→25 25 − 𝑥

14. Evaluate this limit.

2𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 12
lim
𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2

15. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6
lim
𝑥→−3 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 15

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16. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 4
lim
𝑥→−4 𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 + 20

17. Evaluate this limit.

2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 30
lim
𝑥→5 3𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 15

18. Evaluate this limit.

16𝑥 3 + 80𝑥 2
lim
𝑥→0 40𝑥 3 − 80𝑥 2

7
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19. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥 3 + 64
lim
𝑥→−4 𝑥 + 4

20. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 − 9
lim
𝑥→−1 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 4

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Answers - Calculus 1 - Limits - Worksheet 4 – Evaluating Limits by Factoring, Part 2

1. Evaluate this limit.

(4 + 𝑥)2 − 16
lim
𝑥→0 𝑥
Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute 0 into the
limit for 𝑥.

(4 + 𝑥)2 − 16 (4 + 0)2 − 16 16 − 16 0
lim = = =
𝑥→0 𝑥 0 0 0
The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, multiply the
numerator and simplify the limit.

(4 + 𝑥)2 − 16 16 + 8𝑥 + 𝑥 2 − 16
lim = lim
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥
8𝑥 + 𝑥 2
= lim = lim (8 + 𝑥)
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0

Substitute 0 into the limit for 𝑥.

lim (8 + 𝑥) = 8 + 0 = 8
𝑥→0

(4+𝑥)2 −16
Answer: lim =8
𝑥→0 𝑥

9
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2. Evaluate this limit.

5𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2
lim
𝑥→0 3𝑥 4 − 16𝑥 2

Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute 0 into the
limit for 𝑥.

5𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 5(0)3 + 8(0)2 0
lim 4 = =
𝑥→0 3𝑥 − 16𝑥 2 3(0)4 − 16(0)2 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

5𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 𝑥 2 (5𝑥 + 8) 5𝑥 + 8
lim 4 = lim = lim
𝑥→0 3𝑥 − 16𝑥 2 𝑥→0 𝑥 2 (3𝑥 2 − 16) 𝑥→0 (3𝑥 2 − 16)

Substitute 0 into the limit for 𝑥.

5𝑥 + 8 5(0) + 8 8 1
lim 2
= 2
= =−
𝑥→0 (3𝑥 − 16) (3(0) − 16) −16 2

5𝑥 3 +8𝑥 2 1
Answer: lim =−
𝑥→0 3𝑥 4 −16𝑥 2 2

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3. Evaluate this limit.

(2 + 𝑥)3 − 8
lim
𝑥→0 𝑥
Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute 0 into the
limit for 𝑥.

(2 + 𝑥)3 − 8 (2 + 0)3 − 8 8 − 8 0
lim = = =
𝑥→0 𝑥 0 0 0
The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, multiply the
numerator and simplify the limit.

(2 + 𝑥)3 − 8 𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 8 − 8
lim = lim
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥
𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 12𝑥
lim = lim⁡(𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 12)
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0

Substitute 0 into the limit for 𝑥.

lim⁡(𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 12) = 02 + 6(0) + 12 = 12


𝑥→0

(2+𝑥)3 −8
Answer: lim = 12
𝑥→0 𝑥

11
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4. Evaluate this limit.

4𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 3
lim
𝑥→1 𝑥−1
Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute 1 into the
limit for 𝑥.

4𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 3 4(1)3 − 2(1)2 + 1 − 3 0
lim = =
𝑥→1 𝑥−1 1−1 0
The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

4𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 3 (4𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 1)
lim = lim
𝑥→1 𝑥−1 𝑥→1 𝑥−1
= lim (4𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3)
𝑥→1

Substitute 1 into the limit for 𝑥.

= lim (4𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3) = 4(1)2 + 2(1) + 3 = 9


𝑥→1

4𝑥 3 −2𝑥 2 +𝑥−3
Answer: lim =9
𝑥→1 𝑥−1

12
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5. Evaluate this limit.

2𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 16
lim
𝑥→4 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 12

Solution:

First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute 4 into the
limit for 𝑥.

2𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 16 2(4)2 − 12(4) + 16 0


lim = =
𝑥→4 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 12 42 − 4 − 12 0
The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

2𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 16 2(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 8)
lim = lim 2
𝑥→4 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 12 𝑥→4 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 12

2(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 4) 2(𝑥 − 2)


= lim = lim
𝑥→4 (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 3) 𝑥→4 𝑥 + 3

Substitute 4 into the limit for 𝑥.

2(𝑥 − 2) 2(4 − 2) 4
= lim = =
𝑥→4 𝑥 + 3 4+3 7

2𝑥 2 −12𝑥+16 4
Answer: lim =
𝑥→4 𝑥 2 −𝑥−12 7

13
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6. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3
lim
𝑥→−3 −3𝑥 − 9

Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute −3 into
the limit for 𝑥.

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3 (−3)2 + 2(−3) − 3 0
lim = =
𝑥→−3 −3𝑥 − 9 −3(−3) − 9 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3 (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 1) 𝑥−1
lim = lim = lim
𝑥→−3 −3𝑥 − 9 𝑥→−3 −3(𝑥 + 3) 𝑥→−3 −3

Substitute −3 into the limit for 𝑥.


𝑥 − 1 −3 − 1 −4 4
lim = = =
𝑥→−3 −3 −3 −3 3

𝑥 2 +2𝑥−3 4
Answer: lim =3
𝑥→−3 −3𝑥−9

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7. Evaluate this limit.

−𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 6
lim
𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8

Solution:

First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute −2 into
the limit for 𝑥.

−𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 6 −(−2)2 + (−2) + 6 0
lim = =
𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8 (−2)2 − 2(−2) − 8 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

−𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 6 −(𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 6)
lim = lim
𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8 𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8

−(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 2) −(𝑥 − 3)


= lim = lim
𝑥→−2 (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 2) 𝑥→−2 𝑥 − 4

Substitute −2 into the limit for 𝑥.

−(𝑥 − 3) −(−2 − 3) 5 5
lim = = =−
𝑥→−2 𝑥 − 4 −2 − 4 −6 6

−𝑥 2 +𝑥+6 5
Answer: lim =−
𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−8 6

15
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8. Evaluate this limit.
16 − 𝑥
lim
𝑥→16 4 − √𝑥
Solution:

First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute 16 into
the limit for 𝑥.

16 − 𝑥 16 − 16 16 − 16 0
lim = = =
𝑥→16 4 − √𝑥 4 − √16 4−4 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, rationalize the
denominator and simplify the limit.

16 − 𝑥 (16 − 𝑥) (4 + √𝑥)
lim = lim ∙
𝑥→16 4 − √𝑥 𝑥→16 (4 − √𝑥) (4 + √𝑥)

(16 − 𝑥)(4 + √𝑥)


= lim = lim (4 + √𝑥)
𝑥→16 16 − 𝑥 𝑥→16

Substitute 16 into the limit for 𝑥.

lim (4 + √𝑥) = 4 + √16 = 4 + 4 = 8


𝑥→16

16−𝑥
Answer: lim =8
𝑥→16 4−√𝑥

16
© MathTutorDVD.com
9. Evaluate this limit.
8𝑥 + 32
lim
𝑥→−4 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 4

Solution:

First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute −4 into
the limit for 𝑥.

8𝑥 + 32 8(−4) + 32 0
lim = =
𝑥→−4 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 4 (−4)2 + 5(−4) + 4 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

8𝑥 + 32 8(𝑥 + 4) 8
lim = lim = lim
𝑥→−4 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 4 𝑥→−4 (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 4) 𝑥→−4 𝑥 + 1

Substitute −4 into the limit for 𝑥.


8 8 8 8
lim = = =−
𝑥→−4 𝑥 + 1 −4 + 1 −3 3

8𝑥+32 8
Answer: lim =−
𝑥→−4 𝑥 2 +5𝑥+4 3

17
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10. Evaluate this limit.
9𝑥 + 27
lim
𝑥→−3 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6

Solution:

First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute −3 into
the limit for 𝑥.

9𝑥 + 27 9(−3) + 27 0
lim = =
𝑥→−3 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6 (−3)2 + 5(−3) + 6 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

9𝑥 + 27 9(𝑥 + 3) 9
lim = lim = lim
𝑥→−3 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6 𝑥→−3 (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 2) 𝑥→−3 𝑥 + 2

Substitute −3 into the limit for 𝑥.


9 9 9
lim = = = −9
𝑥→−3 𝑥 + 2 −3 + 2 −1

9𝑥+27
Answer: lim = −9
𝑥→−3 𝑥 2 +5𝑥+6

18
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11. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6
lim
𝑥→−3 −4𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 − 12

Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute −3 into
the limit for 𝑥.

𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6 (−3)2 + (−3) − 6 0
lim = =
𝑥→−3 −4𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 − 12 −4(−3)2 − 16(−3) − 12 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6 (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2)
lim = lim
𝑥→−3 −4𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 − 12 𝑥→−3 −4(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 3)

(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2) 𝑥−2
= lim = lim
𝑥→−3 −4(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 3) 𝑥→−3 −4(𝑥 + 1)

Substitute −3 into the limit for 𝑥.

𝑥−2 −3 − 2 5
= lim = =−
𝑥→−3 −4(𝑥 + 1) −4(−3 + 1) 8

𝑥 2 +𝑥−6 5
Answer: lim = −8
𝑥→−3 −4𝑥 2 −16𝑥−12

19
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12. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥 3 − 9𝑥
lim
𝑥→3 3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 9

Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute 3 into the
limit for 𝑥.

𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 33 − 9(3) 0
lim 2 = =
𝑥→3 3𝑥 − 6𝑥 − 9 3(3)2 − 6(3) − 9 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 2 − 9)
lim = lim
𝑥→3 3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 9 𝑥→3 3(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3)

𝑥(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 3) 𝑥(𝑥 + 3)


= lim = lim
𝑥→3 3(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 1) 𝑥→3 3(𝑥 + 1)

Substitute 3 into the limit for 𝑥.

𝑥(𝑥 + 3) 3(3 + 3) 18 3
lim = = =
𝑥→3 3(𝑥 + 1) 3(3 + 1) 12 2

𝑥 3 −9𝑥 3
Answer: lim 3𝑥 2 −6𝑥−9 = 2
𝑥→3

20
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13. Evaluate this limit.

5 − √𝑥
lim
𝑥→25 25 − 𝑥

Solution:

First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute 25 into
the limit for 𝑥.

5 − √𝑥 5 − √25 5−5 0
lim = = =
𝑥→25 25 − 𝑥 25 − 25 25 − 25 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, rationalize the
numerator and simplify the limit.

5 − √𝑥 5 − √𝑥 5 + √ 𝑥
lim = lim ∙
𝑥→25 25 − 𝑥 𝑥→25 25 − 𝑥 5 + √𝑥

25 − 𝑥 1
= lim = lim
𝑥→25 (25 − 𝑥)(5 + √𝑥) 𝑥→25 5 + √𝑥

Substitute 25 into the limit for 𝑥.


1 1 1 1
lim = = =
𝑥→25 5 + √𝑥 5 + √25 5 + 5 10

5−√𝑥 1
Answer: lim = 10
𝑥→25 25−𝑥

21
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14. Evaluate this limit.

2𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 12
lim
𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2

Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute −2 into
the limit for 𝑥.

2𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 12 2(−2)2 + 10(−2) + 12 0


lim = =
𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2 (−2)2 + 3(−2) + 2 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

2𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 12 2(𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6)
lim = lim
𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2 𝑥→−2 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2

2(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 2) 2(𝑥 + 3)


lim = lim
𝑥→−2 (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 + 1) 𝑥→−2 𝑥 + 1

Substitute −2 into the limit for 𝑥.

2(𝑥 + 3) 2(−2 + 3) 2
lim = = = −2
𝑥→−2 𝑥 + 1 −2 + 1 −1

2𝑥 2 +10𝑥+12
Answer: lim 𝑥 2 +3𝑥+2
= −2
𝑥→−2

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15. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6
lim
𝑥→−3 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 15

Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute −3 into
the limit for 𝑥.

𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6 (−3)2 + (−3) − 6 0
lim 2 = =
𝑥→−3 𝑥 + 8𝑥 + 15 (−3)2 + 8(−3) + 15 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6 (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2) 𝑥−2
lim 2 = lim = lim
𝑥→−3 𝑥 + 8𝑥 + 15 𝑥→−3 (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 5) 𝑥→−3 𝑥 + 5

Substitute −3 into the limit for 𝑥.

𝑥 − 2 −3 − 2 5
lim = =−
𝑥→−3 𝑥 + 5 −3 + 5 2

𝑥 2 +𝑥−6 5
Answer: lim =−
𝑥→−3 𝑥 2 +8𝑥+15 2

23
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16. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 4
lim
𝑥→−4 𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 + 20

Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute −4 into
the limit for 𝑥.

𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 4 (−4)2 + 5(−4) + 4 0
lim 2 = =
𝑥→−4 𝑥 + 9𝑥 + 20 (−4)2 + 9(−4) + 20 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 4 (𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 + 1) 𝑥+1
lim 2 = lim = lim
𝑥→−4 𝑥 + 9𝑥 + 20 𝑥→−4 (𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 + 4) 𝑥→−4 𝑥 + 5

Substitute −4 into the limit for 𝑥.


𝑥 + 1 −4 + 1
lim = = −3
𝑥→−4 𝑥 + 5 −4 + 5

𝑥 2 +5𝑥+4
Answer: lim = −3
𝑥→−4 𝑥 2 +9𝑥+20

24
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17. Evaluate this limit.

2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 30
lim
𝑥→5 3𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 15

First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute 5 into the
limit for 𝑥.

2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 30 2(5)2 − 4(5) − 30 0
lim = =
𝑥→5 3𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 15 3(5)2 − 18(5) + 15 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 30 2(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 15)
lim = lim
𝑥→5 3𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 15 𝑥→5 3(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 5)

2(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 3) 2(𝑥 + 3)


= lim = lim
𝑥→5 3(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 − 1) 𝑥→5 3(𝑥 − 1)

Substitute 5 into the limit for 𝑥.

2(𝑥 + 3) 2(5 + 3) 2(8) 4


= lim = = =
𝑥→5 3(𝑥 − 1) 3(5 − 1) 3(4) 3

2𝑥 2 −4𝑥−30 4
Answer: lim 3𝑥 2 −18𝑥+15 = 3
𝑥→5

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18. Evaluate this limit.

16𝑥 3 + 80𝑥 2
lim
𝑥→0 40𝑥 3 − 80𝑥 2

Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute 0 into the
limit for 𝑥.

16𝑥 3 + 80𝑥 2 16(0)3 + 80(0)2 0


lim = =
𝑥→0 40𝑥 3 − 80𝑥 2 40(0)3 − 80(0)2 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

16𝑥 3 + 80𝑥 2 16𝑥 2 (𝑥 + 5) 2(𝑥 + 5)


lim = lim = lim
𝑥→0 40𝑥 3 − 80𝑥 2 𝑥→0 40𝑥 2 (𝑥 − 2) 𝑥→0 5(𝑥 − 2)

Substitute 0 into the limit for 𝑥.

2(𝑥 + 5) 2(0 + 5) 10
lim = = = −1
𝑥→0 5(𝑥 − 2) 5(0 − 2) −10

16𝑥 3 +80𝑥 2
Answer: lim = −1
𝑥→0 40𝑥 3 −80𝑥 2

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19. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥 3 + 64
lim
𝑥→−4 𝑥 + 4

Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute −4 into
the limit for 𝑥.

𝑥 3 + 64 (−4)3 + 64 0
lim = =
𝑥→−4 𝑥 + 4 −4 + 4 0
The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

𝑥 3 + 64 (𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 16)
lim = lim = lim (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 16)
𝑥→−4 𝑥 + 4 𝑥→−4 𝑥+4 𝑥→−4

Substitute −4 into the limit for 𝑥.

lim (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 16) = (−4)2 − 4(−4) + 16 = 48


𝑥→−4

𝑥 3 +64
Answer: lim = 48
𝑥→−4 𝑥+4

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20. Evaluate this limit.

𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 − 9
lim
𝑥→−1 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 4

Solution:
First, attempt to evaluate the limit using direct substitution. Substitute −1 into
the limit for 𝑥.

𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 − 9 (−1)3 + (−1)2 − 9(−1) − 9 0


lim = =
𝑥→−1 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 4 (−1)3 + (−1)2 − 4(−1) − 4 0

The value of the limit is indeterminate using substitution. Now, factor and simplify
the limit.

𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 − 9 (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 2 − 9)
lim = lim
𝑥→−1 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 4 𝑥→−1 (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 2 − 4)

𝑥2 − 9
= lim 2
𝑥→−1 𝑥 − 4

Substitute −1 into the limit for 𝑥.

𝑥 2 − 9 (−1)2 − 9 1 − 9 −8 8
lim = = = =
𝑥→−1 𝑥 2 − 4 (−1)2 − 4 1 − 4 −3 3

𝑥 3 +𝑥 2 −9𝑥−9 8
Answer: lim =
𝑥→−1 𝑥 3 +𝑥 2 −4𝑥−4 3

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